- I hold a PhD in Sociology and I am an assistant lecturer in the Department of Sociology and Social Work at the Univer... moreI hold a PhD in Sociology and I am an assistant lecturer in the Department of Sociology and Social Work at the University of the Basque Country (UPV-EHU). I currently teach Sociology of Work on the Degree in Labour Relations and Human Resources; Sociology of Consumption on the Degree in Marketing; and Science, Technology and Society on the Degree in Sociology.
My PhD dissertation on the residential transitions of young people from the Basque Country won the runner-up prize in the "Basque Social Reality 2014" award granted by the Presidency of the Basque Government. I have been a pre- and post-doctoral researcher for the Basque Government and I have carried out several research stays at Cardiff University in the UK and RMIT University in Australia respectively.
My main line of research revolves around the concepts of youth, space, precarity and entrepreneurship. I have published several papers on the squatting social movement of the Basque Country (2007), the phenomenon of “youth lonjas” (2012, 2021) and the precarity of the housing transitions of young people (2014). My most recent articles in this line, delve into the subjective effects of youth entrepreneurship policies (2019, 2020 and 2023) through the notion of "global grammars of entrepreneurship".
My second line of research (intermittent and self-funded) tries to force the limits of Sociology. This has led to more experimental works based on ANT, the STS Studies, multi-species ethnography and the controversial notion of the Anthropocene. In this line, I have published on artistic practices and shepherd-dog competitions (2010), basque “soapbox-cars” competitions (2018) and donkey-assisted therapies (2022). Most of my publications can be downloaded in this academia profile.edit - Peter Kelly (Deakin University, Australia) Iñaki Martínez de Albeniz, Benjamin Tejerina (UPV-EHU), Dimitris Papadopoulos (University of Cardiff, UK)edit
Aunque el trabajo colaborativo tiene una larga tradición en gran parte del movimiento cooperativista, los procesos de precarización laboral de los últimos años, junto con fenómenos como el emprendimiento y la innovación social, han... more
Aunque el trabajo colaborativo tiene una larga tradición en gran parte del movimiento cooperativista, los procesos de precarización laboral de los últimos años, junto con fenómenos como el emprendimiento y la innovación social, han hecho que estas formas de trabajo adquieran mayor visibilidad y relevancia. A partir de un enfoque sociológico y una metodología cualitativa, en este artículo, se abordan tres casos de organizaciones de reciente formación que representan nuevas experiencias de cooperativismo con fines sociales. En el artículo, se exploran las condiciones en las que se produce la colaboración y se identifican algunas de las paradojas, tensiones y malestares más significativos producidos en estos entornos laborales. Finalmente, se reflexiona sobre cómo estas estrategias colectivas pueden estar dando forma a alternativas de trabajo y de vida que tratan de resistir a los procesos de individualización y precarización en los que se desarrollan.
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In this paper we reference a recent OECD report, Dream Jobs? which argues that education systems should guide young people’s aspirations for their futures in ways that counter negative misalignment with the jobs of the future. We situate... more
In this paper we reference a recent OECD report, Dream Jobs? which argues that education systems should guide young people’s aspirations for their futures in ways that counter negative misalignment with the jobs of the future. We situate an analysis of this report in the development of our concept of global grammars of enterprise (GGE) to analyse the vocabularies and norms that structure contemporary obligations for young people to be ‘enterprising’ and ‘aspirational’ in the context of multiple crises. In developing this critical sociological analysis we tell the stories of three young people from a larger project in Melbourne (AUSTRALIA), that reveal the complexity of young people’s presents, and the relationships of these presents to young people’s aspirations. Deploying Appadurai’s concept of the capacity to aspire, and Foucault’s work on the care of the self, we argue that in GGE the vocabulary of aspiration can be understood as a ‘moral disposition’ that young people should develop to relationships between presents and futures. In the context of multiple crises, we suggest that young people’s aspirations should be re-imagined as a complex and ambivalent m ́elang ́e of hopes, despair and desires that is only partly concerned with their education and employment pathways.
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In this article we revisit our analytical concept of global grammars of enterprise to explore the ways in which this grammar is being reimagined in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic and the crises it produces. Drawing on a hermeneutic... more
In this article we revisit our analytical concept of global grammars of enterprise to explore the ways in which this grammar is being reimagined in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic and the crises it produces. Drawing on a hermeneutic sociological analysis of a variety of documents (policies, websites, think pieces), our rethinking revisits understandings of the relationships between 'enterprise', young people, education, training and work, and the importance of certain ideas about a young person's 'self project', 'self-fulfilment' and 'creativity'. In doing this work, which is largely located in the developed economies of the European Union and the Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development, we trace a number of the entanglements between young people and global grammars of enterprise, and between what we identify as the emergent logics of 'rescue and restitution' and 'reconsideration and redefinition' that frame different, though connected responses to the pandemic and its uncertain, complex and ambiguous consequences for the future of work. We explore what sociologies of work, education and youth might contribute to problematising both the crises that the pandemic foreshadows in relation to young people's health and well-being and their education, training and employment pathways, and the 'solutions' that are being proposed to these crises at what Rosa Braidotti has identified as the convergence of the Fourth Industrial Revolution and the Sixth Mass Extinction.
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Este artículo condensa nuestros últimos trabajos en torno al emprendimiento y la juventud y los sitúa en el marco de reflexión que Gaceta Sindical propone en este número. Para ello revisamos primero el contexto socio-laboral de... more
Este artículo condensa nuestros últimos trabajos en torno al emprendimiento y la juventud y los sitúa en el marco de reflexión que Gaceta Sindical propone en este número. Para ello revisamos primero el contexto socio-laboral de precariedad en el que se ha desplegado el discurso del emprendimiento entre la juventud y proponemos la noción de gramáticas del emprendimiento para analizar los mecanismos de reproducción del fenómeno. Tras esbozar el tipo de individualidad, valores y actitudes que promueve el emprendimiento, recopilamos varias figuras analíticas, que denominamos anti-heroicas y que reflejan algunos de los desajustes y efectos no previstos del emprendimiento en una coyuntura de precarización laboral y vital. Finalmente, exploramos varias líneas de reflexión para situar el fenómeno del emprendimiento dentro de las coordenadas que marca la incipiente crisis del COVID-19.
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In the last decade the European Union has implemented a wide range of policies aimed to foster entrepreneurship and self-employment among its young people in order to counteract the disturbing effects of the Global Financial Crisis on... more
In the last decade the European Union has implemented a wide range of policies aimed to foster entrepreneurship and self-employment among its young people in order to counteract the disturbing effects of the Global Financial Crisis on youth employment. Departing from the research question of what kind of individual are young people being urged to become through those policies, this article analyses the subjective effects of the entrepreneurship policies among Spanish young people. This analysis is grounded on a qualitative study composed of document review of European and Spanish policies about entrepreneurship and an exploratory fieldwork. It is composed of participant observations in institutional events, discussion groups and in-depth interviews to young people involved in entrepreneurial projects. Thus, the article identifies a core tension between the governmental discourse around entrepreneurship and the interviewees' experiences as well as gives evidences of the articulation between entrepreneurship and precarity. Aligned with critical research undertaken in this field, it concludes establishing that those policies entail a conception of work on oneself that leads the social actor to normalize and collaborate in his own precarisation.
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El objetivo de este artículo es conocer las claves que conforman el emprendimiento como un programa gubernamental reactivado durante la última crisis económica, y profundizar en los efectos que está generando en la juventud española. La... more
El objetivo de este artículo es conocer las claves que conforman el emprendimiento como un programa gubernamental reactivado durante la última crisis económica, y profundizar en los efectos que está generando en la juventud española. La hipótesis de partida es que, en las políticas de empleo recomendadas por la Comisión Europea e impulsadas por el Gobierno español, el emprendimiento juvenil ha adquirido centralidad como una solución de emergencia al desempleo y la precariedad laboral que sufren los jóvenes y que, sin embargo, está teniendo efectos controvertidos y paradójicos en los procesos de subjetivación de la juventud. Desde el análisis de este programa gubernamental, se propone el concepto de "gramática del emprendimiento" para dar cuenta de cómo agentes de diferentes ámbitos-político, educativo, financiero, mediático-convocan una moral, una disposición del ánimo y un tipo de subjetividad emprendedora que resulta paradójica, cuando no irrealizable. A partir de los relatos de jóvenes involucrados en el emprendimiento, extraídos de un trabajo de campo cualitativo, se revisan y proponen algunas figuras analíticas-emperdedor, emprendeudor, emprecario-que condensan los malestares y contradicciones que surgen a partir de esta gramática. Palabras clave: juventud; precariedad laboral; políticas de empleo; emprendimiento; subjetivación.
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At a time in which labour markets are becoming increasingly globalised and precarisation processes are altering young people's working and living conditions, a whole network of public and private agencies are developing different... more
At a time in which labour markets are becoming increasingly globalised and precarisation processes are altering young people's working and living conditions, a whole network of public and private agencies are developing different entrepreneurship programmes as the main mechanism to deal with youth exclusion and unemployment. Grounded in two ongoing research projects conducted in Europe and Australia, this article proposes a preliminary, thought-provoking engagement with the concept of global grammars of enterprise to examine how the truth regimes are framed and articulated in these networks. We argue that this concept enables us to identify, examine and analyse the shifting, unstable, but always strategic power relations between the governmental discourses on entrepreneurship and the enterprising behaviour and dispositions of persons and groups, and the particular «declensions» and local «translations» of the ideas of entrepreneurship that organisations and young people perform within a process of globalised precarisation. Resumen Al albur de la globalización de los mercados laborales, al mismo tiempo que ciertos procesos de precarización están alterando profundamente las condiciones de vida y de trabajo de las personas jóvenes, se despliega toda una red de agentes públicos y privados que buscan fomentar el emprendimiento como principal mecanismo para enfrentar la exclusión y el paro juvenil. Fundamentado en dos proyectos de investigación en curso en Europa y
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Uno de los principales obstáculos que los y las jóvenes deben superar para lograr una de las marcas de la identidad adulta, y que se ha visto acrecentado por la crisis, es el acceso a la vivienda. A esta dificultad, inherente a la... more
Uno de los principales obstáculos que los y las jóvenes deben superar para lograr una de las marcas de la identidad adulta, y que se ha visto acrecentado por la crisis, es el acceso a la vivienda. A esta dificultad, inherente a la transformación de algunas de las instituciones modernas como el trabajo y la familia y a un largo proceso de precarización de las condiciones de vida, se le une en nuestro contexto una cultura residencial en la que prima el acceso en propiedad. En este complejo escenario son múltiples las componendas, estrategias y trayectorias residenciales que elaboran las y los jóvenes para resolver lo que socialmente se comprende por emancipación. El modelo interpretativo de los procesos de emancipación que se desarrolla en este artículo tiene como base empírica el análisis de las trayectorias residenciales de los jóvenes de la Comunidad Autónoma del País Vasco elaborado en mi tesis doctoral. Su despliegue incide y cuestiona varias categorías analíticas empleadas en los estudios de juventud y refuerza la idea de que el diagnóstico de la prolongación de la juventud tiene mucho que ver, en la actualidad, con la precarización de la adultez.
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The PhD dissertation (in spanish) addresses the processes of emancipation of young people in the Autonomous Community of the Basque Country. For this purpose it develops a conceptualization of precariousness as a process of... more
The PhD dissertation (in spanish) addresses the processes of emancipation of young people in the Autonomous Community of the Basque Country. For this purpose it develops a conceptualization of precariousness as a process of precarization, displacing this from the field of work to the residential dimension. The theoretical-methodological apparatus employed has been developed on the basis of the sociologies of the individual, through which the residential trajectories of young people are posed as a trial of individuation by which the actor is co- produced as an adult individual.
From this framework, the socio-structural conditions determined by precarization, the residential culture and the residential strategies elaborated by young people mean that the definition of the —adult— individual in common usage and employed as a sociological category loses consistency. The residential trajectories and strategies that young people present and deploy mean that the actor is presented more as a series of temporary arrangements, a mobilization of resources or a management of dependencies than as a centered, self-sustaining and independent individual.
This makes it possible to argue that the prolongation of youth can be thought and interpreted sociologically in terms of the precarization of the contemporary adult individual.
From this framework, the socio-structural conditions determined by precarization, the residential culture and the residential strategies elaborated by young people mean that the definition of the —adult— individual in common usage and employed as a sociological category loses consistency. The residential trajectories and strategies that young people present and deploy mean that the actor is presented more as a series of temporary arrangements, a mobilization of resources or a management of dependencies than as a centered, self-sustaining and independent individual.
This makes it possible to argue that the prolongation of youth can be thought and interpreted sociologically in terms of the precarization of the contemporary adult individual.
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Este trabajo es una síntesis de la tesis doctoral "Vivir en la precariedad. Trayectorias y estrategias residenciales de la juventud en la Comunidad Autónoma Vasca" y toma como objeto de estudio los procesos de emancipación de los jóvenes... more
Este trabajo es una síntesis de la tesis doctoral "Vivir en la precariedad. Trayectorias y estrategias residenciales de la juventud en la Comunidad Autónoma Vasca" y toma como objeto de estudio los procesos de emancipación de los jóvenes de la CAPV. Tras una revisión de las teorías que abordan la juventud como transición, desarrolla el concepto de precarización para aplicarlo a la dimensión residencial de los entrevistados. La propuesta teórico-metodológica, de carácter cualitativo y basada en las sociologías del individuo, analiza las trayectorias residenciales como pruebas de individuación a través de las cuales las personas jóvenes devienen en adultas. Desde este marco, cuestiones como la precarización del mercado laboral, la cultura residencial, las políticas de vivienda de la CAPV, el endeudamiento o las propias estrategias residenciales que tejen los jóvenes, hacen que la definición de individuo —adulto— de uso común y, como categoría sociológica, pierdan consistencia. Se proponen así figuras teóricas como la de "cuasi-adulto" en la medida que, en su ambivalencia, identifican una posición de sujeto que no parece alcanzarse ya de manera definitiva. Sintéticamente, se defiende la idea de que la actual prolongación de la juventud puede ser sociológicamente pensada e interpretada como precarización del individuo adulto contemporáneo.
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Esta investigación da cuenta de las modalidades de precariedad vital, tanto en términos cuantitativos como cualitativos, de la juventud vasca, así como de las estrategias que ponen en funcionamiento para resistir, sortear o paliar esa... more
Esta investigación da cuenta de las modalidades de precariedad vital, tanto en términos cuantitativos como cualitativos, de la juventud vasca, así como de las estrategias que ponen en funcionamiento para resistir, sortear o paliar esa precariedad También se intenta arrojar luz sobre cómo integran las y los jóvenes vascos sus experiencias cotidianas de vida precaria en el proceso de construcción de su identidad
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For millennia, donkeys and mules have been very important in the development of different cultures, civilisations and empires in the Middle East, Europe and the Americas (Mitchell 2018). Indeed, to this day these animals remain crucial... more
For millennia, donkeys and mules have been very important in the development of different cultures, civilisations and empires in the Middle East, Europe and the Americas (Mitchell 2018). Indeed, to this day these animals remain crucial elements in the economies of many impoverished areas of the world. Moreover, donkeys are currently prominent in the world’s third largest illegal market, that of animal trafficking. Along with the various uses for which they have been employed as ‘natural slaves’ or domesticated animals, donkeys form part of a whole series of imaginaries and social discourses that have mutated over time and across territories (Mitchell 2018). Without delving into the semiotics related to this animal, we will simply point out, with Haraway (2003), Braidotti (2013, 69) and Kalof and Fitzgerald (2014), that these beings, along with many others, articulate a ‘social grammar of virtues and moral categories’ for the benefit of humans. In other words, through the attribution of various characteristics, capacities and limitations, these animals have been, and continue to be, metaphorical referents for norms and values that structure societies. In the case of the donkey, beyond a certain drift towards ‘cuteness’ that it is acquiring in some Western countries through its becoming a companion species (Haraway 2008, 275), its connotation of ‘poor people’s stupid beast’ prevails in many imaginaries. However, some of the techno-cultural processes in which the donkey is currently involved challenge conventional narratives, stereotypes and binaries. Practices such as donkey-assisted therapy is one of them.
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In the Basque Country (northern Spain) over recent decades, groups of young people have been renting former commercial premises (known by locals as lonjas – in the plural – and named as such hereafter) as semi-private spaces for leisure,... more
In the Basque Country (northern Spain) over recent decades, groups of young people have been renting former commercial premises (known by locals as lonjas – in the plural – and named as such hereafter) as semi-private spaces for leisure, consumption and sociality. We argue that, especially given generalised precarity and prolongation of youth, analysing the lonjas phenomena is vital to understanding processes shaping contemporary youth and to consider how these conditions are generating specific forms of collective autonomy in local contexts.
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Este capítulo pone el foco en tres experiencias que se articulan en torno al trabajo colaborativo con fines no únicamente lucrativos o mercantiles, y se interesa por las lógicas sociales y estructurales que promueven este tipo de... more
Este capítulo pone el foco en tres experiencias que se articulan en torno al trabajo colaborativo con fines no únicamente lucrativos o mercantiles, y se interesa por las lógicas sociales y estructurales que promueven este tipo de trabajo, con el objetivo de analizar si se ajustan a alguna forma de acción colectiva colaborativa (ACC). Gran parte de este diverso fenómeno está formado por cooperativas relacionadas con el sector de la economía social y solidaria (ESS) y los proyectos analizados adoptan diversas formas de esta estructura laboral y jurídica. El contexto de precarización social y laboral en el que se desarrollan desbordan algunos presupuestos desde los que se han venido analizando los movimientos sociales, la ESS y las cooperativas en particular (Martínez et al., 2015; Molina et al., 2017). El objetivo de este capítulo es contribuir a esclarecer este campo a través del análisis de la configuración de tres iniciativas significativas del ámbito laboral y responder así a varias preguntas de investigación que plantea esta publicación: ¿Pueden enmarcarse estas iniciativas en el concepto de la ACC?, ¿Cuáles son sus características como ACC en el ámbito laboral?, ¿en qué condiciones y cómo se produce la colaboración?, ¿qué efectos materiales, simbólicos y legales produce?, ¿regeneran y consolidan nuevos vínculos sociales o reproducen los conflictos y las tensiones ya existentes?, ¿qué novedades producen en un contexto de creciente individualización y precarización?
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Las goitibeheras son vehículos autoconstruidos sin motor que se utilizan para hacer descensos por carreteras asfaltadas. Creadas a partir de los restos de maquinaria industrial pesada y de los sobrantes de la industria de la automoción,... more
Las goitibeheras son vehículos autoconstruidos sin motor que se utilizan para hacer descensos por carreteras asfaltadas. Creadas a partir de los restos de maquinaria industrial pesada y de los sobrantes de la industria de la automoción, se construyen gracias al ingenio y los saberes del trabajador industrial. La práctica del reciclaje, la fragmentación, la resignificación y la recontextualización de los elementos materiales que nos rodean, subrayan las capacidades creativas y constructivas propias de la modernización. Las goitibeheras nos permiten conocer la cultura industrial desde una óptica que supera la esfera tradicional del trabajo e invade la dimensión creativa, popular y colectiva de la vida.
Este capítulo forma parte del primer libro monográfico sobre el fenómeno de las goitibeheras en Euskal Herria. La publicación, ideada y configurada como un dispositivo artístico, se sirve de algunas herramientas de la etnografía y la fotografía documental para desplegar un espacio de reflexión sobre tres de las experiencias estéticas más relevantes de la modernidad: el trabajo industrial, el tránsito rodado y la fotografía. La obra resultante toma la forma de fichero desplegable de tres cuerpos, de serie limitada numerada, editada en euskera/castellano e íntegramente traducida al inglés. GELDI reúne más de cien fotografías, dos inventarios completos, además de una serie de textos críticos producidos y/o traducidos para la publicación.
URL de la publicación: https://www.zko.tools/es/copia-de-eus-geldi
Este capítulo forma parte del primer libro monográfico sobre el fenómeno de las goitibeheras en Euskal Herria. La publicación, ideada y configurada como un dispositivo artístico, se sirve de algunas herramientas de la etnografía y la fotografía documental para desplegar un espacio de reflexión sobre tres de las experiencias estéticas más relevantes de la modernidad: el trabajo industrial, el tránsito rodado y la fotografía. La obra resultante toma la forma de fichero desplegable de tres cuerpos, de serie limitada numerada, editada en euskera/castellano e íntegramente traducida al inglés. GELDI reúne más de cien fotografías, dos inventarios completos, además de una serie de textos críticos producidos y/o traducidos para la publicación.
URL de la publicación: https://www.zko.tools/es/copia-de-eus-geldi
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Research Interests: Art and Papeles Del CEIC
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Abstract: In the last decades, groups of youths in the Basque Country (Spain) have been renting former commercial premises as spaces for leisure and sociality. According to recent data, at least the 20% of young people of the Basque... more
Abstract: In the last decades, groups of youths in the Basque Country (Spain) have been renting former commercial premises as spaces for leisure and sociality. According to recent data, at least the 20% of young people of the Basque Country is member of this kind of collectivities. The institutionalization of this forms of collectivity is closely related to processes such as: a) urban transformations; b) the extension of youth; c) the precarisation of labour and housing markets; d) the implementation of some regulations over the uses of public spaces in the last decade and; f) some cultural features of the Basque Country. Grounded on two quantitative broad research produced by the Basque Youth Observatory and a qualitative research I coordinated for the city of Vitoria-Gasteiz, the objective of the paper is to analyse this phenomenon as a collective strategy that fights back against the processes of precarisation experienced by young people.
Thus, the presentation will provide evidences of how phenomenon takes the form of a collective and creative response that enables young people more affordable leisure and consumption far from the adult-world surveillance. It will also go in depth on how the premises emerge as autonomous and communal social spaces where different learnings such as sharing and managing common goods, or making collective decisions take place. Lastly, the paper seeks to contribute to the conference with some developments for the debate around the concept of agency and the possibility of social change without political articulations or claims.
Thus, the presentation will provide evidences of how phenomenon takes the form of a collective and creative response that enables young people more affordable leisure and consumption far from the adult-world surveillance. It will also go in depth on how the premises emerge as autonomous and communal social spaces where different learnings such as sharing and managing common goods, or making collective decisions take place. Lastly, the paper seeks to contribute to the conference with some developments for the debate around the concept of agency and the possibility of social change without political articulations or claims.
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Brief critique of contemporary academic congresses.
Sample: XII. Congress of Sociology and Political Science from the Basque Country. University of Deusto 10th-12th February 2012. Bilbao.
Sample: XII. Congress of Sociology and Political Science from the Basque Country. University of Deusto 10th-12th February 2012. Bilbao.
In this paper we reference a recent OECD report, Dream Jobs? which argues that education systems should guide young people’s aspirations for their futures in ways that counter negative misalignment with the jobs of the future. We situate... more
In this paper we reference a recent OECD report, Dream Jobs? which argues that education systems should guide young people’s aspirations for their futures in ways that counter negative misalignment with the jobs of the future. We situate an analysis of this report in the development of our concept of global grammars of enterprise (GGE) to analyse the vocabularies and norms that structure contemporary obligations for young people to be ‘enterprising’ and ‘aspirational’ in the context of multiple crises. In developing this critical sociological analysis we tell the stories of three young people from a larger project in Melbourne (AUSTRALIA), that reveal the complexity of young people’s presents, and the relationships of these presents to young people’s aspirations. Deploying Appadurai’s concept of the capacity to aspire, and Foucault’s work on the care of the self, we argue that in GGE the vocabulary of aspiration can be understood as a ‘moral disposition’ that young people should develop to relationships between presents and futures. In the context of multiple crises, we suggest that young people’s aspirations should be re-imagined as a complex and ambivalent m ́elang ́e of hopes, despair and desires that is only partly concerned with their education and employment pathways.
Research Interests:
In this article we revisit our analytical concept of global grammars of enterprise to explore the ways in which this grammar is being reimagined in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic and the crises it produces. Drawing on a hermeneutic... more
In this article we revisit our analytical concept of global grammars of enterprise to explore the ways in which this grammar is being reimagined in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic and the crises it produces. Drawing on a hermeneutic sociological analysis of a variety of documents (policies, websites, think pieces), our rethinking revisits understandings of the relationships between ‘enterprise’, young people, education, training and work, and the importance of certain ideas about a young person’s ‘self project’, ‘self-fulfilment’ and ‘creativity’. In doing this work, which is largely located in the developed economies of the European Union and the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development, we trace a number of the entanglements between young people and global grammars of enterprise, and between what we identify as the emergent logics of ‘rescue and restitution’ and ‘reconsideration and redefinition’ that frame different, though connected responses to the pandemic a...