Cristina Campoy
University of Granada, PAEDIATRICS, Faculty Member
Satoru Nagata is Head of the Department of Paediatrics and Neonatology, Juntendo University School of Medicine, Shizuoka Hospital and Associate Professor of the Division for Probiotics Research, Juntendo University Postgraduate School,... more
Satoru Nagata is Head of the Department of Paediatrics and Neonatology, Juntendo University School of Medicine, Shizuoka Hospital and Associate Professor of the Division for Probiotics Research, Juntendo University Postgraduate School, Tokyo, Japan. He received his MD at Juntendo University in 1987 and was awarded his PhD at Juntendo University Postgraduate School in 1993. He also graduated from the postgraduate course at the Department of Paediatric Gastroenterology, St. Bartholomew’s Hospital, London, in 1998. He is currently an instructor for both the Japanese Society for Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition and the Japanese Society for Neonatal Nutrition. His research focuses not only on nutrition in childhood, but also on treatment challenges for elderly patients and on how metabolism is affected by the intestinal microflora. Published online: June 1, 2012
Research Interests:
Research Interests:
BACKGROUND Women with overweight and obesity are at higher risk of developing complications in pregnancy such as gestational diabetes and longer-term chronic conditions. Research concerning health behavior change interventions during... more
BACKGROUND Women with overweight and obesity are at higher risk of developing complications in pregnancy such as gestational diabetes and longer-term chronic conditions. Research concerning health behavior change interventions during pregnancy and postpartum shows promising effects, but implementation into routine services is sparsely investigated. Most interventions focus on the antenatal or postpartum life stages, failing to meet the needs of women. IMPACT DIABETES Bump2Baby is a multicenter project across 4 high-income countries developed to test the implementation of an antenatal and postpartum evidence-based mobile health (mHealth) coaching intervention called Bump2Baby and Me (B2B&Me) designed to sit alongside usual care in the perinatal period. OBJECTIVE We aim to explore the feasibility and implementation of the B2B&Me intervention and investigate the effectiveness of this intervention in women at risk of gestational diabetes. METHODS IMPACT DIABETES Bump2Baby is a hybrid ty...
Research Interests:
Background Gestational diabetes (GDM) impacts 8–18% of pregnancies and greatly increases both maternal and child risk of developing non-communicable diseases such as type 2 diabetes and obesity. Whilst lifestyle interventions in pregnancy... more
Background Gestational diabetes (GDM) impacts 8–18% of pregnancies and greatly increases both maternal and child risk of developing non-communicable diseases such as type 2 diabetes and obesity. Whilst lifestyle interventions in pregnancy and postpartum reduce this risk, a research translation gap remains around delivering implementable interventions with adequate population penetration and participation. Impact Diabetes Bump2Baby is an implementation project of an evidence-based system of care for the prevention of overweight and obesity. Bump2Baby and Me is the multicentre randomised controlled trial investigating the effectiveness of a mHealth coaching programme in pregnancy and postpartum for women at high risk of developing GDM. Methods Eight hundred women will be recruited in early pregnancy from 4 clinical sites within Ireland, the UK, Spain, and Australia. Women will be screened for eligibility using the validated Monash GDM screening tool. Participants will be enrolled from...
Research Interests:
La adolescencia se considera una etapa vulnerable desde el punto de vista nutricional, por la gran demanda de nutrientes, las modificaciones en el estilo de vida y habitos dieteticos y los cambios psicosociales propios de esta etapa. La... more
La adolescencia se considera una etapa vulnerable desde el punto de vista nutricional, por la gran demanda de nutrientes, las modificaciones en el estilo de vida y habitos dieteticos y los cambios psicosociales propios de esta etapa. La obesidad en la infancia y adolescencia se considera una enfermedad compleja, que preocupa tanto a padres como a profesionales sanitaros debido a su alta prevalencia, sus consecuencias en la edad adulta y su elevada morbimortalidad asociada. Los objetivos generales de la tesis son: 1) revisar la informacion disponible de los efectos en la grasa corporal del tratamiento del sobrepeso y/obesidad en ninos y adolescentes y obtener una mejor comprension de las tecnicas empleadas para detectar los cambios longitudinales, 2) valorar los indices antropometricos sencillos como predictores de los cambios de grasa corporal, empleando absorciometria dual de rayos X como metodo de referencia, 3) identificar los predictores cognitivos y conductuales del abandono de...
Research Interests:
BackgroundDuring the COVID-19 pandemic in 2020, breastfeeding in women positive for SARS-CoV-2 was compromised due to contradictory data regarding potential viral transmission. However, growing evidence confirms the relevant role of... more
BackgroundDuring the COVID-19 pandemic in 2020, breastfeeding in women positive for SARS-CoV-2 was compromised due to contradictory data regarding potential viral transmission. However, growing evidence confirms the relevant role of breast milk in providing passive immunity by generating and transmitting specific antibodies against the virus. Thus, our study aimed to develop and validate a specific protocol to detect SARS-CoV-2 in breast milk matrix as well as to determine the impact of maternal SARS-CoV-2 infection on presence, concentration, and persistence of specific SARS-CoV-2 antibodies.Study design/MethodsA prospective multicenter longitudinal study in Spain was carried out from April to December 2020. A total of 60 mothers with SARS-CoV-2 infection and/or recovered from COVID-19 were included (n=52 PCR-diagnosed and n=8 seropositive). Data from maternal-infant clinical records and symptomatology were collected. A specific protocol was validated to detect SARS-CoV-2 RNA in br...
Research Interests:
Research Interests:
Recently adopted regulatory standards on infant and follow-on formula for the European Union stipulate that from February 2020 onwards, all such products marketed in the European Union must contain 20–50 mg omega-3 DHA (22:6n–3) per 100... more
Recently adopted regulatory standards on infant and follow-on formula for the European Union stipulate that from February 2020 onwards, all such products marketed in the European Union must contain 20–50 mg omega-3 DHA (22:6n–3) per 100 kcal, which is equivalent to about 0.5–1% of fatty acids (FAs) and thus higher than typically found in human milk and current infant formula products, without the need to also include ω-6 arachidonic acid (AA; 20:4n–6). This novel concept of infant formula composition has given rise to concern and controversy because there is no accountable evidence on its suitability and safety in healthy infants. Therefore, international experts in the field of infant nutrition were invited to review the state of scientific research on DHA and AA, and to discuss the questions arising from the new European regulatory standards. Based on the available information, we recommend that infant and follow-on formula should provide both DHA and AA. The DHA should equal at l...
Research Interests:
Research Interests:
Research Interests:
Research Interests:
Research Interests:
Background: Earlier reviews indicated that in many countries adults, children and adolescents consume on an average less polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) than recommended by the Food and Agriculture Organisation/World Health... more
Background: Earlier reviews indicated that in many countries adults, children and adolescents consume on an average less polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) than recommended by the Food and Agriculture Organisation/World Health Organisation. Summary: The intake of total and individual n-3 and n-6 PUFAs in European infants, children, adolescents, elderly and pregnant/lactating women was evaluated systematically. Results: The evaluations were done against recommendations of the European Food Safety Authority. Key Messages: Fifty-three studies from 17 different European countries reported an intake of total n-3 and n-6 PUFAs and/or individual n-3 or n-6 PUFAs in at least one of the specific population groups: 10 in pregnant women, 4 in lactating women, 3 in infants 6-12 months, 6 in children 1-3 years, 11 in children 4-9 years, 8 in adolescents 10-18 years and 11 in elderly >65 years. Mean linoleic acid intake was within the recommendation (4 energy percentage [E%]) in 52% of the co...
Research Interests:
Research Interests:
Context:Maternal obesity and gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) can both contribute to adverse neonatal outcomes. The extent to which this may be mediated by differences in placental metabolism and nutrient transport remains to be... more
Context:Maternal obesity and gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) can both contribute to adverse neonatal outcomes. The extent to which this may be mediated by differences in placental metabolism and nutrient transport remains to be determined.Objective:Our objective was to examine whether raised maternal body mass index (BMI) and/or GDM contributed to a resetting of the expression of genes within the placenta that are involved in energy sensing, oxidative stress, inflammation, and metabolic pathways.Methods:Pregnant women from Spain were recruited as part of the “Study of Maternal Nutrition and Genetics on the Foetal Adiposity Programming” survey at the first antenatal visit (12–20 weeks of gestation) and stratified according to prepregnancy BMI and the incidence of GDM. At delivery, placenta and cord blood were sampled and newborn anthropometry measured.Results:Obese women with GDM had higher estimated fetal weight at 34 gestational weeks and a greater risk of preterm deliveries an...
Research Interests: Endocrinology, Obesity, Anthropometry, Inflammation, Adolescent, and 15 moreMedicine, Gene expression, Birth Weight, Gestational diabetes, Humans, Internal Medicine, Female, Body Mass Index, Clinical Sciences, Middle Aged, Longitudinal Studies, Adult, Body Weight, Glucose Intolerance, and Energy Intake
Human milk contains small but nutritionally significant amounts of long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (LCP), such as arachidonic (AA, 20:4n-6) and docosahexaenoic (DHA, 22:6n-3) acids, which are not present in most infant formulae. In... more
Human milk contains small but nutritionally significant amounts of long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (LCP), such as arachidonic (AA, 20:4n-6) and docosahexaenoic (DHA, 22:6n-3) acids, which are not present in most infant formulae. In the present study, the fatty acid composition of plasma and erythrocytes was determined at birth and again at 7 days, 1 and 3 months in 49 healthy
Research Interests: Cognitive Science, Aging, Biology, Medicine, Humans, and 15 moreInternal Medicine, Fatty acids, Infant, Clinical Sciences, Newborn Infant, Early human dispersal, Breast milk, Human Milk, Erythrocytes, Fatty Acid Composition, Arachidonic Acid, Docosahexaenoic Acid, Infant Formula, Lecithin, and Egg yolk
Research Interests: Medicine, Humans, Child, Europe, Female, and 15 moreJournal Article, Male, Infant, Advisory Committees, Liver Transplantation, Bilirubin, Meta Analysis, Randomized Controlled Trial, Risk Assessment, Parenteral Nutrition, Liver function tests, Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic, Child preschool, cholestasis, and Medical and Health Sciences
This study analyzed how maternal obesity affected fatty acids (FAs) in breast milk and their association with infant growth and cognition to raise awareness about the programming effect of maternal health and to promote a healthy prenatal... more
This study analyzed how maternal obesity affected fatty acids (FAs) in breast milk and their association with infant growth and cognition to raise awareness about the programming effect of maternal health and to promote a healthy prenatal weight. Mother–child pairs (n = 78) were grouped per maternal pre-pregnancy body mass index (BMI): normal-weight (BMI = 18.5–24.99), overweight (BMI = 25–29.99) and obese (BMI > 30). Colostrum and mature milk FAs were determined. Infant anthropometry at 6, 18 and 36 months of age and cognition at 18 were analyzed. Mature milk exhibited lower arachidonic acid (AA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), among others, than colostrum. Breast milk of non-normal weight mothers presented increased saturated FAs and n6:n3 ratio and decreased α-linolenic acid (ALA), DHA and monounsaturated FAs. Infant BMI-for-age at 6 months of age was inversely associated with colostrum n6 (e.g., AA) and n3 (e.g., DHA) FAs and positively associated with n6:n3 ratio. Depending ...
Research Interests:
Parenteral nutrition (PN) is a life-saving therapy providing nutritional support in patients with digestive tract complications, particularly in preterm neonates due to their gut immaturity during the first postnatal weeks. Despite this,... more
Parenteral nutrition (PN) is a life-saving therapy providing nutritional support in patients with digestive tract complications, particularly in preterm neonates due to their gut immaturity during the first postnatal weeks. Despite this, PN can also result in several gastrointestinal complications that are the cause or consequence of gut mucosal atrophy and gut microbiota dysbiosis, which may further aggravate gastrointestinal disorders. Consequently, the use of PN presents many unique challenges, notably in terms of the potential role of the gut microbiota on the functional and clinical outcomes associated with the long-term use of PN. In this review, we synthesize the current evidence on the effects of PN on gut microbiome in infants and children suffering from diverse gastrointestinal diseases, including necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC), short bowel syndrome (SBS) and subsequent intestinal failure, liver disease and inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Moreover, we discuss the potent...
Research Interests:
Despite the high prevalence of gastrointestinal disorders (GIDs) in infants and children, especially those categorized as functional GIDs (FGIDs), insufficient knowledge about their pathophysiology has limited both symptomatic diagnosis... more
Despite the high prevalence of gastrointestinal disorders (GIDs) in infants and children, especially those categorized as functional GIDs (FGIDs), insufficient knowledge about their pathophysiology has limited both symptomatic diagnosis and the development of optimal therapies. Recent advances in the field of probiotics have made their potential use as an interesting therapeutic and preventive strategy against these disorders possible, but further efforts are still needed. In fact, there is great controversy surrounding this topic, generated by the high variety of potential probiotics strains with plausible therapeutic utility, the lack of consensus in their use as well as the few comparative studies available on probiotics that record their efficacy. Taking into account these limitations, and in the absence of clear guidelines about the dose and timeframe for successful probiotic therapy, our review aimed to evaluate current studies on potential use of probiotics for the prevention...
Research Interests:
Research Interests:
Research Interests:
Research Interests:
Se analiza el efecto del incremento de actividad física (AF) para conseguir el cumplimiento de recomendaciones de AF para la mejora de la salud según la Organización Mundial de la Salud en un grupo de 42 adolescentes (28 chicas) con... more
Se analiza el efecto del incremento de actividad física (AF) para conseguir el cumplimiento de recomendaciones de AF para la mejora de la salud según la Organización Mundial de la Salud en un grupo de 42 adolescentes (28 chicas) con sobrepeso/obesidad (IMC=29.37±4.5 Kg/m²). El tratamiento de 12 semanas de duración consistió en la prescripción y seguimiento de AF en dos fases: intensiva (seguimiento semanal) y extensiva (seguimiento quincenal). El nivel de AF se valoró mediante el cuestionario Physician-based Assessment and Counseling y la condición física mediante pruebas de fuerza isométrica del tren superior, fuerza explosiva de piernas y capacidad cardiorrespiratoria de la batería ALPHA. Tras el tratamiento se observa una mejora significativa (p<0,05) en capacidad cardiorrespiratoria. En conclusión, se muestra que incrementando la práctica de AF y cumpliendo las recomendaciones semanales de 300 minutos de AF moderada-vigorosa los adolescentes mejoraron su capacidad cardio...
Research Interests:
The Early Nutrition Academy and the Child Health Foundation, in collaboration with the Committee on Nutrition, European Society for Paediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, held a workshop in March 2011 to explore guidance... more
The Early Nutrition Academy and the Child Health Foundation, in collaboration with the Committee on Nutrition, European Society for Paediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, held a workshop in March 2011 to explore guidance on acquiring evidence on the effects of nutritional interventions in infants and young children. The four objectives were to (1) provide guidance on the quality and quantity of evidence needed to justify conclusions on functional and clinical effects of nutrition in infants and young children aged ! 3 years; (2) agree on a range of outcome measures
Research Interests:
Research Interests:
Page 1. ARCHIVOS LATINOAMERICANOS DE NUTRICIÓN Organo Oficial de la Sociedad Latinoamericana de Nutrición Vol. 49 № 1. 1999 Importancia de los ácidos grasos poliinsaturados de la serie n-3 (AGPI n-3) en la recuperación ...
Research Interests:
Research Interests:
Existe evidencia de que la malnutricion y las deficiencias clinicas severas de vitaminas y micronutrientes durante periodos criticos del desarrollo cerebral pueden afectar la estructura cerebral y la funcion neurologica en edades... more
Existe evidencia de que la malnutricion y las deficiencias clinicas severas de vitaminas y micronutrientes durante periodos criticos del desarrollo cerebral pueden afectar la estructura cerebral y la funcion neurologica en edades posteriores de la vida. La extension de los efectos de deficiencias subclinicas de estos nutrientes aun no esta clara. Estas deficiencias nutricionales estan frecuentemente presentes en paises en vias de desarrollo, donde el acceso a dietas adecuadas esta restringido. La necesidad de suplementacion dietetica en paises desarrollados aun esta en discusion; todo parece indicar que solo aquellos ninos que estan realmente malnutridos responden a los suplementos. No es razonable esperar que los micronutrientes analizados de forma individual se asocien a diferencias en las funciones cognitivas; ademas, una dieta deficiente en un componente es tambien mas propensa a ser pobre tambien en otros, y el efecto de los nutrientes no es solo individual sino que actuan igua...
Research Interests:
Composicion nutricional que proporciona una mejora en la regulacion y estimulacion del desarrollo del sistema inmune que comprende: un producto derivado del calostro en una cantidad de hasta 1,37 g/100 ml, en cual el producto derivado de... more
Composicion nutricional que proporciona una mejora en la regulacion y estimulacion del desarrollo del sistema inmune que comprende: un producto derivado del calostro en una cantidad de hasta 1,37 g/100 ml, en cual el producto derivado de calostro es una fraccion de calostro enriquecida en proteina de suero que resulta de la eliminacion de parte de contenido del calostro, o que resulta de la modificacion de la composicion del calostro mediante tratamiento enzimatico o quimico del calostro; un componente prebiotico seleccionado del grupo que consiste en galactooligosacaridos, inulina y mezclas de los mismos, en el cual la inulina es una mezcla de un componente de inulina facilmente fermentable y un componente de inulina dificilmente fermentable en una proporcion en peso especifica que varia de 10/90 a 70/30, en la que la inulina facilmente fermentable es una inulina de cadena corta lineal o ramificada con un grado de polimerizacion (DP) =q 20; y una cantidad complementaria de lactofer...
Research Interests:
The evidence has shown that maternal nutrition is related with infant body composition and an increased risk of obesity and chronic diseases in adulthood. The nutritional status at pre-pregnancy, the excessive gestational weight gain,... more
The evidence has shown that maternal nutrition is related with infant body composition and an increased risk of obesity and chronic diseases in adulthood. The nutritional status at pre-pregnancy, the excessive gestational weight gain, inadequate intake of nutrients and excess of energy during gestation, as well as the rapid weight gain during the first two years of life, are some of the factors related with the disturbance of the body composition and the adiposity in the pediatric age. This article traces the origins of infant adiposity back to pregnancy and preconception periods.
Research Interests:
espanolIntroduccion: La suplementacion nutricional con DHA. 5-MTHF , DHA+5-MTHF dur ante la segunda mitad del embar azo produce efectos bioquimicos en las madres y sus recien nacidos. Material y metodos: A 153 mujeres sanas embar azadas,... more
espanolIntroduccion: La suplementacion nutricional con DHA. 5-MTHF , DHA+5-MTHF dur ante la segunda mitad del embar azo produce efectos bioquimicos en las madres y sus recien nacidos. Material y metodos: A 153 mujeres sanas embar azadas, 18-40 anos, en SG 201, se les asigno de forma aleatoria, doble ciego , cuatro suplementos (DHA:0.5 g/dia; 5-MTHF :0.4 mg/dia; ambos o placebo). Estudiandose los AGPI -CL ligados a los fosfolipidos del plasma. Resultados: El suplementado con DHA mostro las concentr aciones mas altas de DHA y bajos indices de n- 6/n-3 y AA/DHA, en la SG:30 y en el parto. Las madres suplementadas con DHA mostr aron un incremento de DHA entre las SG 20-30, manteniendose elev adas hasta el parto. Hubo correlaciones significativ as madre-recien nacido (DHA: r:0.30, p=0.0028; AA/DHA: r:-0.43, p Discusion: Se incrementa el DHA de los fosfolipidos del plasma en la madre y su hijo , sin modificarse los niveles de AA. Los indices n-6/n-3 y AA/DHA fueron mas bajos en los grupos...
Research Interests:
Research Interests:
Research Interests: Nutrition and Dietetics, Documentation, Child health, Gastroenterology, Clinical Trial, and 15 moreMedicine, Clinical Nutrition, Humans, Infant nutrition, Infant, Nutritional Status, Atopic Dermatitis, Milk Protein, Age Groups, Energy Intake, Enteral Nutrition, Child preschool, Outcome measure, guidelines as topic, and Infant nutritional physiological phenomena
Breastfeeding (BF) is the gold standard in infant nutrition; knowing how it influences brain connectivity would help understand the mechanisms involved, which would help close the nutritional gap between infant formulas and breast milk.... more
Breastfeeding (BF) is the gold standard in infant nutrition; knowing how it influences brain connectivity would help understand the mechanisms involved, which would help close the nutritional gap between infant formulas and breast milk. We analyzed potential long-term differences depending on the diet with an experimental infant formula (EF), compared to a standard infant formula (SF) or breastfeeding (BF) during the first 18 months of life on children's hypothalamic functional connectivity (FC) assessed at 6 years old. A total of 62 children participating in the COGNIS randomized clinical trial (Clinical Trial Registration: www.ClinicalTrials.gov, identifier: NCT02094547) were included in this study. They were randomized to receive an SF (n = 22) or a bioactive nutrient-enriched EF (n = 20). BF children were also included as a control study group (BF: n = 20). Brain function was evaluated using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) and mean glucose levels were collected ...
Research Interests:
There is scarce evidence about early nutrition programming of dynamic aspects of glucose homeostasis. We analyzed the long-term effects of early nutrition on glycemic variability in healthy children. A total of 92 children participating... more
There is scarce evidence about early nutrition programming of dynamic aspects of glucose homeostasis. We analyzed the long-term effects of early nutrition on glycemic variability in healthy children. A total of 92 children participating in the COGNIS study were considered for this analysis, who were fed with: a standard infant formula (SF, n = 32), an experimental formula (EF, n = 32), supplemented with milk fat globule membrane (MFGM) components, long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (LC-PUFAs), and synbiotics, or were breastfed (BF, n = 28). At 6 years old, BF children had lower mean glucose levels and higher multiscale sample entropy (MSE) compared to those fed with SF. No differences in MSE were found between EF and BF groups. Normal and slow weight gain velocity during the first 6 months of life were associated with higher MSE at 6 years, suggesting an early programming effect against later metabolic disorders, thus similarly to what we observed in breastfed children. Conclusi...
Research Interests:
Research Interests:
Background and aim Maternal overweight and breastfeeding seem to have a significant impact on the gut microbiota colonization process, which co-occurs simultaneously with brain development and the establishment of the... more
Background and aim Maternal overweight and breastfeeding seem to have a significant impact on the gut microbiota colonization process, which co-occurs simultaneously with brain development and the establishment of the “microbiota-gut-brain axis”, which potentially may affect behavior later in life. This study aimed to examine the influence of maternal overweight, obesity and/or gestational diabetes on the offspring behavior at 3.5 years of age and its association with the gut microbiota already established at 18 months of life. Methods 156 children born to overweight (OV, n = 45), obese (OB, n = 40) and normoweight (NW, n = 71) pregnant women participating in the PREOBE study were included in the current analysis. Stool samples were collected at 18 months of life and gut microbiome was obtained by 16S rRNA gene sequencing. Behavioral problems were evaluated at 3.5 years by using the Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL). ANOVA, Chi-Square Test, ANCOVA, Spearman’s correlation, logistic reg...
Research Interests:
<p>Data are mean ± SD</p><p><sup>1</sup> Infants’ neurodevelopment assessed using the BSID-III: Bayley Scales of Infant Development, Third Edition</p><p>P<sub>uandj</sub> = Analysis of... more
<p>Data are mean ± SD</p><p><sup>1</sup> Infants’ neurodevelopment assessed using the BSID-III: Bayley Scales of Infant Development, Third Edition</p><p>P<sub>uandj</sub> = Analysis of variance (ANOVA). Values not sharing the same suffix (abc) were significantly different in a Bonferroni post hoc test.</p><p>P<sub>adj</sub> = Analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) for the group differences using univariate general linear model including main effects from the following possible confounder: Maternal age, maternal education, placental weight, and weight gain during pregnancy (n = 153).</p><p>Effects of maternal pre-pregnancy overweight, obesity or gestational diabetes on infant’s Bayley scores<a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0133010#t002fn002" target="_blank"><sup>1</sup></a> at 6 months of age compared to those born to healthy normoweight pregnant women (controls).</p
Research Interests:
We investigated which determinants (socioeconomic, early life factors, body composition changes, fitness changes and/or physical activity changes) best predicted longitudinal outcomes in cardiometabolic risk profile (Z-score change) in... more
We investigated which determinants (socioeconomic, early life factors, body composition changes, fitness changes and/or physical activity changes) best predicted longitudinal outcomes in cardiometabolic risk profile (Z-score change) in adolescents with OW/OB who underwent a 13-month multidisciplinary lifestyle intervention. A total of 165 adolescents (13–16 y; 46% boys) from the EVASYON study were included. Socioeconomic variables and early life factors were obtained from the medical records. Body composition was assessed using anthropometry. Fitness and physical activity were measured with field-based tests and questionnaires. Cardiometabolic risk factors (fasting glucose, HDL cholesterol, triglycerides, blood pressure and waist circumference) were derived from standard methods in the hospital. Body weight changes, sex and mother’s education were selected in the stepwise process as the most important determinants of changes in cardiometabolic risk profile (R2 = 0.26, p = 0.002; R2 ...
Research Interests:
<p>Data are mean ± SD.</p><p><sup>1</sup> The raw difference was calculated as the change in the score from 6 to 18 months.</p><p><sup>2</sup> P-values for overall differences between... more
<p>Data are mean ± SD.</p><p><sup>1</sup> The raw difference was calculated as the change in the score from 6 to 18 months.</p><p><sup>2</sup> P-values for overall differences between PREOBE-groups using ANOVA. Values not sharing the same suffix (abc) were significantly different in a Bonferroni post hoc test.</p><p>Raw difference<a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0133010#t005fn002" target="_blank"><sup>1</sup></a> in Bayley III scores between 6 and 18 months of age in the four PREOBE-groups.</p
Research Interests:
Long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (LC-PUFAs) are critical for infant growth and development, particularly arachidonic acid (ARA, C20:4n-6) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA, C22:6n-3). ARA and DHA are components of cell membrane... more
Long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (LC-PUFAs) are critical for infant growth and development, particularly arachidonic acid (ARA, C20:4n-6) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA, C22:6n-3). ARA and DHA are components of cell membrane phospholipids and play an important role in cell division, differentiation, and signaling; and DHA is the n-3 fatty acid predominant in the developing brain and retina. During the third trimester of pregnancy, LC-PUFAs increase substantially in fetal circulation, and a "biomagnification" process in the fetal brain is observed. Moreover, LC-PUFAs are precursors of eicosanoids and metabolites, which modulate the intensity and duration of the immune response. LC-PUFA synthesis implies complex desaturation and elongation processes on their principal precursors, linoleic acid (LA) (18:3 n-6) (series n-6) and α-linolenic acid (LNA) (20:3 n-3) (series n-3), where fatty acid desaturases (FADS) and elongases (ELOVL) are competing. It is important to notice...
Research Interests:
Dietary treatment for obese adolescents should aim to ensure adequate growth and development, by reducing excessive fat mass accumulation, avoiding loss of lean body mass, improving well-being and self-esteem and preventing cyclical... more
Dietary treatment for obese adolescents should aim to ensure adequate growth and development, by reducing excessive fat mass accumulation, avoiding loss of lean body mass, improving well-being and self-esteem and preventing cyclical weight regain. The aim of this article is to describe the dietary intervention design and the methods used to evaluate nutritional knowledge and behavior in the EVASYON study (Development, implementation and evaluation of the efficacy of a therapeutic programme for overweight/obese adolescents). EVASYON is a multi-centre study conducted in 5 Spanish hospital settings (Granada, Madrid, Pamplona, Santander and Zaragoza), where 204 overweight/obese Spanish adolescents were treated in groups of 9 to 11 subjects over 20 visits. The study was implemented in two stages: an intensive, calorie-restricted period for the first 9 weeks, and an extensive body-weight follow-up period for the last 11 months. A moderate energy intake restriction was applied in the inten...
Research Interests: Obesity, Health Education, Adolescent, Medicine, Humans, and 15 moreAdolescence, Female, Male, Feeding Behavior, Eating, Dietetics, Nutritional Education, Nutrition therapy, Caloric Restriction, Meal, Dieticians, Calorie, Nutritional Requirements of Freshwater Fish, Motor activity, and multidisciplinary intervention
According to the World Health Organisation (WHO), the number of people with diabetes has risen to 422 million in 2014. Poorly managed diabetes leads to chronic hyper and/or hypoglycaemia, which are associated with neurological... more
According to the World Health Organisation (WHO), the number of people with diabetes has risen to 422 million in 2014. Poorly managed diabetes leads to chronic hyper and/or hypoglycaemia, which are associated with neurological complications in type 1 (T1DM) and type 2 (T2DM) diabetes mellitus. Therefore, the primary target of diabetic treatment is to achieve a good glycaemic control (GC). In this chapter, we reviewed studies published up to September 2017 about GC and cognitive development in diabetic children and adolescents, as well as the nutritional approaches used for the management of diabetes in childhood, focusing on low glycaemic index (GI) diets. According to different studies, low GI diets effectively improve GC, which may reduce the risk of diabetes-related complications, such as cognitive dysfunction; however, the evidence is not sufficiently robust and the results are inconclusive. Despite the fact that, low GI diets are consistent with healthy eating recommendations a...
<p>Data are mean ± SD</p><p><sup>1</sup> Infants’ neurodevelopment assessed using the BSID-III: Bayley Scales of Infant Development, Third Edition.</p><p>P<sub>uandj</sub> = Analysis... more
<p>Data are mean ± SD</p><p><sup>1</sup> Infants’ neurodevelopment assessed using the BSID-III: Bayley Scales of Infant Development, Third Edition.</p><p>P<sub>uandj</sub> = Analysis of variance (ANOVA). Values not sharing the same suffix (abc) were significantly different in a Bonferroni post hoc test.</p><p>P<sub>adj</sub> = Analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) for the group differences using univariate general linear model including main effects from the following possible confounder: Maternal age, maternal education, placental weight, and weight gain during pregnancy (n = 147).</p><p>Effects of maternal pre-pregnancy overweight, obesity or gestational diabetes on infant’s Bayley scores<a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0133010#t003fn002" target="_blank"><sup>1</sup></a> at 18 months of age compared to those born to healthy normo-weight pregnant women (controls).</p