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This empirical study investigates the effects of nine ethical climate types (self-interest, company profit, efficiency, friendship, team interest, social responsibility, personal morality, company rules and procedures, and lastly laws and... more
This empirical study investigates the effects of nine ethical climate types (self-interest, company profit, efficiency, friendship, team interest, social responsibility, personal morality, company rules and procedures, and lastly laws and professional codes) on employee work satisfaction. The ethical climate typology developed by Victor and Cullen (in W. C. Frederick (ed.) Research in Corporate Social Performance and Policy, 1987; Administrative Science Quarterly 33, 101–125, 1988) is tested on a sample of staff and managers from 62 different telecommunication firms in Turkey. The results obtained from the 1174 usable questionnaires confirm the existence of nine different ethical climate types observed in western cultures in the present sample context, which is a developing Muslim country. Regarding the effects of ethical climatic factors on employee work satisfaction, self-interest climate type appears to negatively influence work satisfaction, whereas team interest, social responsibility and law and professional codes climate types are found to have positive impacts. Managerial and further research implications of the findings are discussed.
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This study investigates the drivers of debt ratios of the firms listed on the stock markets of two different countries, namely Turkey, a developing country and Taiwan, a newly developed country. The factors impacting short-term,... more
This study investigates the drivers of debt ratios of the firms listed on the stock markets of two different countries, namely Turkey, a developing country and Taiwan, a newly developed country. The factors impacting short-term, long-term, and total debts are selected as EBIT (Earnings before Interest and Tax), ROE (Return on Equity), sales, total assets, fixed assets-total assets ratio, and depreciation-total assets ratio. The findings indicate that there are differences between Turkish and Taiwanese firms in terms of the drivers’ impacts on the debt structures of the firms. The proposed regression models work better on the data collected from Taiwan as compared to the data from Turkey. Possible reasons are discussed in the final section.Šis tyrimas apima dviejų skirtingų, tačiau stipriai besivystančių šalių, t. y. Taivano ir Turkijos rinkose veikiančių kompanijų skolos santykio nustatymą. Pagrindiniais veiksniais, turinčiais įtakos trumpalaikėms, ilgalaikėms ir bendrosioms skoloms, buvo pasirinktas pelnas prieš sumokant palūkanas ir mokesčius (EBIT), nuosavo kapitalo grąža (ROE), pardavimo, bendrojo turto, ilgalaikio turto ir bendrojo turto santykis bei bendrojo turto nusidėvėjimo santykis. Autorių gauti rezultatai rodo, kad vis dėlto yra skirtumų tarp Turkijos ir Taivano įmonių bei tų įmonių skolų struktūros. Straipsnio autoriai taikė regresijos metodus, kurie Taivano situaciją atspindėjo geriau nei Turkijos, o kodėl taip nutiko, autoriai argumentuoja paskutiniame straipsnio skyriuje.