Research Interests: Epidemiology, Medical Genetics, Biology, Epigenetics, Medicine, and 15 moreBiological Sciences, Humans, Food supply, Chronic Disease, Female, Animals, Male, Risk factors, Phenotype, Risk Factors, Offspring, Environmental Exposure, Inheritance Patterns, Sex Characteristics, and Medical and Health Sciences
Research Interests:
Research Interests:
The harmful effects of alcohol consumption are not necessarily limited to the amounts consumed. Drinking in binges is a specific feature of Russian alcohol consumption that may be of importance even for explaining the current mortality... more
The harmful effects of alcohol consumption are not necessarily limited to the amounts consumed. Drinking in binges is a specific feature of Russian alcohol consumption that may be of importance even for explaining the current mortality crisis. Based on interviews conducted with a stratified random sample of 1190 Muscovites in 2004, this paper examines binge drinking in relation to the respondents' economic situation and social relations. Consistent with prior research, this study provides further evidence for a negative relationship between educational level and binge drinking. Our results also indicate a strong but complex link between economic strain and binge drinking. The odds ratios for binge drinking of men experiencing manifold economic problems were almost twice as high compared to those for men with few economic problems. However, the opposite seemed to be true for women. Being married or cohabiting seemed to have a strong protective effect on binge drinking among women compared to being single, while it seemed to have no effect at all among men. Women having regular contact with friends also had more than twice the odds for binge drinking compared to those with little contact with friends, while again no effect was found among men. Gender roles and the behavioural differences embedded in these, may explain the difference. The different effects of economic hardship on binge drinking may also constitute an important factor when explaining the large mortality difference between men and women in Russia.
Research Interests:
Research Interests: Demography, Medicine, British medical history, Sweden, Birth Weight, and 15 morePregnancy, Humans, Female, Male, Follow-up studies, Newborn Infant, Aged, Middle Aged, Adult, Public health systems and services research, Longitudinal Study, BMJ, Cardiovascular Diseases, Marital Status, and Fetal Growth Retardation
Aims: To create a new tool for life-course studies of health outcomes as well as social outcomes. Methods: Two anonymous data sets, one a local birth cohort and the other a nationwide registry, covering information from early and middle... more
Aims: To create a new tool for life-course studies of health outcomes as well as social outcomes. Methods: Two anonymous data sets, one a local birth cohort and the other a nationwide registry, covering information from early and middle life, respectively, were matched using a ``key for probability matching'' based on a large number of variables, common to both data sets. The first data set provides social and health information from birth, childhood, and adolescence on boys and girls, born in Stockholm in 1953. The second data set provides information on income, work, and education as well as any inpatient visits and any mortality from mid-life for the entire Swedish population. Results: For 96% of the original cohort it was possible to add data from mid-life. Thus, a new database has been created, referred to as the Stockholm Birth Cohort Study, which provides rich and unique life-course data from birth to age 50 for 14,294 individuals: 7,305 men and 6,989 women. Compariso...
Research Interests: Epidemiology, Cognition, Life course, Health, Adolescent, and 15 moreMortality, Medicine, Humans, Child, Female, Male, Cohort Study, Income, Cohort, Health Status, Middle Aged, Longitudinal Studies, Adult, Cohort Studies, and Nino
Research Interests: Demography, Epidemiology, Intelligence, Mortality, Medicine, and 15 moreHumans, Child, Male, Cohort, Aged, Longitudinal Studies, Adult, Public health systems and services research, Longitudinal Study, Educational Status, Risk Factors, Intelligence tests, Intelligence quotient, Likelihood Functions, and Proportional Hazards Models
Research Interests:
Research Interests:
Research Interests:
Research Interests:
Research Interests:
In this chapter we will show the extent to which social classes differed with respect to adult mortality in Sweden in the 1980s. Further we will address the issue of whether or not mortality differences are actually changing in size by... more
In this chapter we will show the extent to which social classes differed with respect to adult mortality in Sweden in the 1980s. Further we will address the issue of whether or not mortality differences are actually changing in size by comparing socio-economic differences in mortality for two periods 1961-5 and 1981-6. In the final section possible causal factors associated with observed socio-economic differences will be discussed as well as reasons for changes in these differences. In this discussion we will draw on earlier analyses of morbidity. We will discuss whether factors such as work childhood conditions and individual behaviour could account for trends in morbidity and mortality differences. The chapter will also discuss the more general problem of explanation as it applies to socio-economic mortality differences. (EXCERPT)
Research Interests:
... Denny Vågerö, professor of medical sociology (denny.vagero{at}sociology.su.se). Department of Sociology, Stockholm University, 10691 Stockholm, Sweden. ... 1.↵: Sacker A,; Firth D,; Fitzpatrick R,; Lynch K,; Bartley M. . Comparing... more
... Denny Vågerö, professor of medical sociology (denny.vagero{at}sociology.su.se). Department of Sociology, Stockholm University, 10691 Stockholm, Sweden. ... 1.↵: Sacker A,; Firth D,; Fitzpatrick R,; Lynch K,; Bartley M. . Comparing health inequality in men and women: prospective ...
Research Interests:
Men born out of wedlock in early twentieth century Sweden who never married have previously been shown to have a doubled mortality risk from ischaemic heart disease compared to the corresponding group of men born to married parents. This... more
Men born out of wedlock in early twentieth century Sweden who never married have previously been shown to have a doubled mortality risk from ischaemic heart disease compared to the corresponding group of men born to married parents. This study further explores the question of childhood social disadvantage and its long-term consequences for cardiovascular health by examining the two subsequent generations. The question posed is whether the sons and grandsons of men and women born out of wedlock in early twentieth century Sweden have an increased risk of circulatory disease compared with the corresponding descendants of those born inside marriage. We examined this by use of military conscription data. The material used is the Uppsala Birth Cohort Multigenerational database consisting of individuals born at Uppsala University Hospital between 1915 and 1929 (UG1), their children (UG2) and grandchildren (UG3). Conscription data were available for UG2s born between 1950 and 1982 (n=5,231) and UG3s born between 1953 and 1985 (n=10,074) corresponding to 72.1% and 73.6%, respectively, of all males born in each time-period. Logistic regression showed that significant excess risk of circulatory disease diagnoses was present only among descendants of men born outside marriage, with sons and grandsons demonstrating odds ratios of 1.64 and 1.83, respectively, when BMI and height at the time of conscription, father's social class in mid-life and father's or grandfather's history of circulatory disease had been adjusted for. Separate analyses showed that the effect of the maternal and paternal grandfather was of approximately the same magnitude. Further analyses revealed an interaction between the father's social class and the grandfather's legitimacy status at birth on UG3-men's likelihood of having a circulatory disease, with elevated odds only among those whose fathers were either manual workers or self-employed. The results of this study suggest that social disadvantage in one generation can be linked to health disadvantage in the subsequent two generations.
Research Interests: Anthropology, Family, Public Health, Medicine, Social Class, and 15 moreLogistic Regression, Ischaemic heart disease, Humans, Male, Body Mass Index, Risk factors, Public health systems and services research, Cardiovascular Diseases, Risk Factors, Illegitimacy, Birth Cohort, Mortality Risk, Adult Children, Nino, and Macho
Research Interests:
Total mortality, mortality from coronary heart disease (CHD), cerebrovascular disease, and other causes of death, were examined for three social groups and ten socio-economic groups in Sweden. The study included all subjects born in the... more
Total mortality, mortality from coronary heart disease (CHD), cerebrovascular disease, and other causes of death, were examined for three social groups and ten socio-economic groups in Sweden. The study included all subjects born in the country between 1896 and 1940 who were economically active in 1960-1.9 million men and 0.7 million women. Information on social and socio-economic status, and other social and demographic characteristics, was obtained from the 1960 Census. Information on cause-specific mortality during the period 1961-68 was obtained from a record linkage with the Cause of Death Registry. The analyses were based on 112,469 deaths and 21 million person years at risk. Information on smoking habits was obtained from a sample of 55,000 from the Census population. CHD mortality for women was high among manual workers, SMR = 110 (95% confidence limits 104-117), and low among non-manual workers, SMR = 84 (78-91). CNS-vascular mortality for women was also high among manual workers, SMR = 107 (110-115), and low among non-manual workers, SMR = 89 (82-97). Heavy smoking was more common among non-manual workers in both sexes, which may have contributed to a reverse social class gradient among men, with non-manual male workers being at higher risk for CHD than manual male workers. Farmers (and agricultural workers) generally had a low mortality. Other self-employed men and women had a high total mortality, a high mortality from CHD and CNS-vascular disease--and a high proportion of heavy smokers. There remain differences in mortality between social and socio-economic groups which cannot be explained by smoking habits, age, gender, urbanization, region of residence and martial status.
Research Interests: Physiology, Behavior, Biology, Population Dynamics, Mortality, and 15 moreSocial Class, Sweden, Population, Humans, Female, Male, Socioeconomic Status, Aged, Middle Aged, Developed Countries, Adult, Cardiovascular Diseases, Cerebrovascular Disorders, Population distribution, and Socioeconomic Factors
Research Interests:
Research Interests:
Research Interests:
Research Interests:
Research Interests:
Research Interests: Human Geography, Adolescent, Medicine, Social Class, Sweden, and 15 morePopulation Aging, Humans, Child, Female, Male, Socioeconomic Status, Aged, Middle Aged, Adult, Cross Section, Public health systems and services research, Body Height, Occupations, Cross Sectional Studies, and Socioeconomic Factors
Research Interests:
Men born out of wedlock in early twentieth century Sweden who never married have previously been shown to have a doubled mortality risk from ischaemic heart disease compared to the corresponding group of men born to married parents. This... more
Men born out of wedlock in early twentieth century Sweden who never married have previously been shown to have a doubled mortality risk from ischaemic heart disease compared to the corresponding group of men born to married parents. This study further explores the question of childhood social disadvantage and its long-term consequences for cardiovascular health by examining the two subsequent
Research Interests: Anthropology, Family, Public Health, Medicine, Social Class, and 15 moreLogistic Regression, Ischaemic heart disease, Humans, Male, Body Mass Index, Risk factors, Public health systems and services research, Cardiovascular Diseases, Risk Factors, Illegitimacy, Birth Cohort, Mortality Risk, Adult Children, Nino, and Macho
Research Interests:
Research Interests:
Research Interests:
Research Interests:
Research Interests:
Research Interests: Geography, Research Methodology, Population Dynamics, Health, Public Health, and 15 moreMedicine, England, Population, Humans, England and Wales, Comparative studies, Infant, Developed Countries, Health Care System, Infant Mortality, BMJ, Neonatal Mortality, Low Risk, Confidence Interval, and Relative Risk
Research Interests:
Research Interests:
... Denny Vågerö, professor of medical sociology (denny.vagero{at}sociology.su.se). Department of Sociology, Stockholm University, 10691 Stockholm, Sweden. ... 1.↵: Sacker A,; Firth D,; Fitzpatrick R,; Lynch K,; Bartley M. . Comparing... more
... Denny Vågerö, professor of medical sociology (denny.vagero{at}sociology.su.se). Department of Sociology, Stockholm University, 10691 Stockholm, Sweden. ... 1.↵: Sacker A,; Firth D,; Fitzpatrick R,; Lynch K,; Bartley M. . Comparing health inequality in men and women: prospective ...
Research Interests:
Research Interests:
Methods The age-standardised mortality rates and the population exposures for three educational categories were computed from detailed data provided by the national statistical offices. Mortality disparities by education were assessed... more
Methods The age-standardised mortality rates and the population exposures for three educational categories were computed from detailed data provided by the national statistical offices. Mortality disparities by education were assessed using two range measures (rate differences and ...
Research Interests:
Research Interests:
Research Interests: Medicine, Birth Weight, Insulin Resistance, Humans, High Blood Pressure, and 15 moreBlood Pressure, Fetal Growth, Male, Body Mass Index, Cross Section, BMJ, Educational Status, Gestational Age, Body Height, Cross Sectional Studies, Confidence Interval, Coronary Risk Factors, Diastolic Blood Pressure, In Utero, and Fetal Growth Retardation
A public health movement and a movement to reform medical science were linked to the larger social reform movement of the 1840's in Europe. It included demands for sanitary reforms, public health legislation, large scale social... more
A public health movement and a movement to reform medical science were linked to the larger social reform movement of the 1840's in Europe. It included demands for sanitary reforms, public health legislation, large scale social reforms, a reformed organization of medicine as well as a new basis for medical science. It emphasized prevention, epidemiology and social medicine rather than clinical medicine. The victory of the political reaction after 1848 led to a senous setback for these developments, set the stage for the evolution of modern health care systems, and determined some major features of health care systems still present This idea is discussed, based on a re-reading of Rosen, Stevens, Boenheim as well as on a recent study by Pelling and some other material. In modern medical sociology texts it seems largely overlooked.
Research Interests:
Research Interests:
Research Interests: Sociology, Anthropology, Poverty, Sex, Social Interaction, and 28 moreGender Roles, Social Support, Public Health, Adolescent, Social Science & Medicine, Humans, Moscow, Social Medicine, Alcohol, Alcoholism, Female, Alcohol Drinking, Male, Income, Alcohol Consumption, Aged, Middle Aged, Social relations, Social Relation, Adult, Binge drinking, Public health systems and services research, Sex Factors, Stratified Random Sampling, Age Factors, Educational Status, Social Science, and Marital Status
Research Interests:
Objectives: The aim of this paper is to present the Moscow Health Survey 2004, which was designed to examine health inequalities in Moscow. In particular we want to discuss social survey problems, such as non-response, in Moscow and... more
Objectives: The aim of this paper is to present the Moscow Health Survey 2004, which was designed to examine health inequalities in Moscow. In particular we want to discuss social survey problems, such as non-response, in Moscow and Russia. Methods: Interviews, covering social and economic circumstances, health and social trust, of a stratified random sample of the greater Moscow population, aged 18+. Reasons for nonresponse were noted down with great care. Odds ratios (ORs) for self-rated health by gender and by six social dimensions were estimated separately for districts with low and high response rates. Bias due to non-response is discussed. Results and conclusions: About one in two (53.1 %) of approached individuals could not be interviewed, resulting in 1190 completed interviews. Non-response in most Russian surveys, but perhaps particularly in Moscow, is large, partly due to fear of strangers and distrust of authorities. ORs for poor health vary significantly by gender, occupational class, education and economic hardship. We find no significant differences in these ORs when comparing districts with low and high response rates. Non-response may be a problem when estimating prevalence rates or population means, but much less so when estimating odds ratios in multivariate analyses.
Research Interests: Religion, Sociology, Education, Trust, Health inequality, and 21 morePublic Health, Adolescent, Multivariate Analysis, Population Aging, Humans, Moscow, Female, Male, Income, Health Status, Middle Aged, Adult, Public health systems and services research, Odds ratio, Stratified Random Sampling, Health surveys, Occupations, Self Rated Health, Health Survey, Marital Status, and Socioeconomic Factors
Research Interests:
Research Interests: Statistics, Epidemiology, Intelligence, Mortality, Social Class, and 15 moreSweden, Humans, Child, Male, Follow-up studies, Risk factors, Aged, Longitudinal Studies, Adult, Public health systems and services research, Educational Status, Risk Factors, Intelligence tests, Likelihood Functions, and Proportional Hazards Models
An analysis of the incidence of malignant melanoma according to occupation is presented using data from two national cancer registries. The data relate to 3991 cases of cutaneous malignant melanoma, 662 cases of ocular melanoma, and 179... more
An analysis of the incidence of malignant melanoma according to occupation is presented using data from two national cancer registries. The data relate to 3991 cases of cutaneous malignant melanoma, 662 cases of ocular melanoma, and 179 cases of noncutaneous, non-ocular melanoma in subjects aged 15-64 in England and Wales diagnosed from 1971 to 1978 and to 5003 cases of cutaneous malignant melanoma diagnosed from 1961 to 1979 in Sweden in subjects born between 1896 and 1940. Professional workers of both sexes in both countries experienced an excess incidence of cutaneous malignant melanoma. An excess of ocular melanoma and of non-cutaneous, non-ocular melanoma also existed for this group in England and Wales. Pharmacists, medical doctors, and dentists had a high incidence of cutaneous melanoma in both countries and were represented three times when listing the top 20 occupations in both countries and both genders. Combining the data from cutaneous malignant melanoma over both sexes ...