Research Interests: Psychology and Routledge
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Research Interests: Philosophy and Miracle
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Research Interests: Philosophy and Faith
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Research Interests: Philosophy and Toleration
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Death is not a departure of the soul from the body – in can be so only in the road ofopinion – but a departure of the body from the soul, as it were, that is, the rectificationof cognition, having the mind to rely completely on the road... more
Death is not a departure of the soul from the body – in can be so only in the road ofopinion – but a departure of the body from the soul, as it were, that is, the rectificationof cognition, having the mind to rely completely on the road of truth, wherebythe opinions fall off and all the illusions they bring into the soul disappear as well.However, to retain the true monistic character of the system, the immortality ofthe soul has to be denied. Humans are temporarily brought into being as thoughtsof Being or as its dream, and eventually disappear since what is important, is theunity of Being.
Research Interests: Philosophy and DREAM
... Limited ISBN (13 digits): 978-0-07-066910-9 ISBN (10 digits): 0-07-066910-4 Managing Director: A jay Shukla HeadHigher Education Publishing: Vibha Mahajan ManagerSponsoring SEM & Tech Ed: Shalini Jha Editorial Executive: Surabhi... more
... Limited ISBN (13 digits): 978-0-07-066910-9 ISBN (10 digits): 0-07-066910-4 Managing Director: A jay Shukla HeadHigher Education Publishing: Vibha Mahajan ManagerSponsoring SEM & Tech Ed: Shalini Jha Editorial Executive: Surabhi Shukla Development Editor ...
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The concept of interlingua is of seventeenth century provenance, and it gained the attention of computer scientists in the context of MT. The idea was that if there are n source languages (SLs) then n(n-1) algorithms are required to... more
The concept of interlingua is of seventeenth century provenance, and it gained the attention of computer scientists in the context of MT. The idea was that if there are n source languages (SLs) then n(n-1) algorithms are required to translate each SL to every SL, except itself. Having an interlingua (IL), only 2n algorithms are needed: to translate from SL
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Bernardin de Saint-Pierre (1737–1814), who is remembered today primarily for his novel Paul and Virginie, was mainly interested in showing the grandeur of God through his investigations of nature. He viewed nature from the teleological... more
Bernardin de Saint-Pierre (1737–1814), who is remembered today primarily for his novel Paul and Virginie, was mainly interested in showing the grandeur of God through his investigations of nature. He viewed nature from the teleological perspective: everything in it has some reason and the human task is to detect this reason. He provided hundreds of examples of such reasons, on many occasions exposing himself to derision. The article shows the importance of orderliness of nature, as it manifests itself in interlocking harmonies, as the way he followed to establish the theological conclusion regarding the existence and the attributes of God.
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Zofia Swieczina i jej wiara Zofia Swieczina (1782-1857) od dziecinstwa związana byla z dworem carskim. W 1815 przyjela katolicyzm i wkrotce potem wyemigrowala wraz z mezem do Francji. W Paryzu otworzyla salon uczeszczany przez wielu... more
Zofia Swieczina i jej wiara Zofia Swieczina (1782-1857) od dziecinstwa związana byla z dworem carskim. W 1815 przyjela katolicyzm i wkrotce potem wyemigrowala wraz z mezem do Francji. W Paryzu otworzyla salon uczeszczany przez wielu znanych intelektualistow, gdzie dyskutowano przede wszystkim kwestie religijne i sprawy związane z polityką kościelną. Swieczina nic nie opublikowala za swego zycia, lecz pozostawila po sobie ogromną ilośc notatek i listow. Byla świetnie oczytana i interesowala sie wszelkimi aspektami teologii, lecz nie pozostawila po sobie systematycznego wykladu teologii. W niniejszym artykule zaprezentowane zostaly niektore tematy dyskutowane przez Swieczine: kwestia stosunku czlowieka do Boga, sprawa relacji miedzy Kościolem Katolickim a Kościolem Prawoslawnym oraz kwestia uniwersalizmu Kościola. Artykul prezentuje rowniez gwaltowną i wrogą reakcje w Rosji na wydanie przez de Falloux pism i listow Swiecziny.
Research Interests: Philosophy and Theology
Research Interests: Art and Immortality
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Research Interests: Philosophy and Infinity
The Turing Test (TT) is criticised for various reasons, one being that it is limited to testing only human-like intelligence. We can read, for example, that ‘TT is testing humanity, not intelligence,’ (Fostel, 1993), that TT is ‘a test... more
The Turing Test (TT) is criticised for various reasons, one being that it is limited to testing only human-like intelligence. We can read, for example, that ‘TT is testing humanity, not intelligence,’ (Fostel, 1993), that TT is ‘a test for human intelligence, not intelligence in general,’ (French, 1990), or that a perspective assumed by TT is parochial, arrogant and, generally, ‘massively anthropocentric’ (Hayes and Ford, 1996). This limitation presumably causes a basic inadequacy of TT, namely that it misses a wide range of intelligence by focusing on one possibility only, namely on human intelligence. The spirit of TT enforces making explanations of possible machine intelligence in terms of what is known about intelligence in humans, thus possible specificity of the computer intelligence is ruled out from the oælset.This approach causes ire in some interpreters of the test and leads them to desire to create a theory of intelligence in general, thereby overcoming the limitations imposed by merely human intelligence. At times it is an emotion-laden discussion that does not hesitate to impute chauvinism in those limiting themselves to human-type intelligence.1 This discussion is, by the way, not unlike the rhetoric used by some defenders of animal rights, who insist that an expression of superiority of men over animals is a token of speciesism, and ‘speciesism is just a moral mistake of the same sort as racism and sexism’.
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Etude du probleme medieval de l'infinite du temps qui contredit la doctrine de la creation divine et la doctrine de l'omnipotence de Dieu. Examinant la possibilite d'une reconciliation de l'infini avec la creation divine... more
Etude du probleme medieval de l'infinite du temps qui contredit la doctrine de la creation divine et la doctrine de l'omnipotence de Dieu. Examinant la possibilite d'une reconciliation de l'infini avec la creation divine et la connaissance humaine finie chez Saint Thomas d'Aquin, l'A. examine les modifications apportees a la position thomiste, qui s'appuie sur le concept de nombre comme base ultime de la realite, par le fondateur de la theorie moderne des ensembles : G. Cantor. Examinant la distinction entre Dieu et la creation, ainsi que la distinction entre le fini et l'infini chez les penseurs du Moyen Age (Saint Thomas, Jean de Ripa), l'A. montre que la solution de Cantor consiste a placer Dieu en tant qu'Absolu au-dela de tout infini
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Nikolai Bugaev was a mathematician keenly interested in philosophy. He stressed the role of discontinuity in his mathematical research that he called arithmology. He also emphasized the importance of discontinuity in nature which he... more
Nikolai Bugaev was a mathematician keenly interested in philosophy. He stressed the role of discontinuity in his mathematical research that he called arithmology. He also emphasized the importance of discontinuity in nature which he embodied in his version of monadology. The article discusses the viability of his philosophical investigations.
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Research Interests: Philosophy and Poetry
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Hubert Hayer, an eighteenth century French Catholic theologian, waged a theological battle against anti-religious sentiment of his times. He presented a massive, elaborate treatise proving that the soul is an incorporeal entity endowed... more
Hubert Hayer, an eighteenth century French Catholic theologian, waged a theological battle against anti-religious sentiment of his times. He presented a massive, elaborate treatise proving that the soul is an incorporeal entity endowed with attributes and faculties that cannot be explained in purely materialist terms. In addition, he presented arguments showing the immortality of the soul. However, these arguments relied to a large extent on the attributes of God and so he also presented several proofs of the existence of God.