Research Interests:
It has long been suggested that malaria is delaying the economic development of countries that are most severely affected by the disease. Several studies have documented the economic consequences of malaria at the household level,... more
It has long been suggested that malaria is delaying the economic development of countries that are most severely affected by the disease. Several studies have documented the economic consequences of malaria at the household level, primarily in communities engaged in subsistence farming. A missing element is the appraisal of the economic impact of malaria on the industrial and service sectors that will probably become the backbone of many developing economies. We estimate the economic effects of integrated malaria control implemented during the colonial period and sustained for 20 years in four copper mining communities of the former Northern Rhodesia (now Zambia). Integrated malaria control was characterized by strong emphasis on environmental management, while part of the mining communities also benefited from rapid diagnosis and treatment and the use of bednets. The programmes were highly successful as an estimated 14,122 deaths, 517,284 malaria attacks and 942,347 work shift losses were averted. Overall, 127,226 disability adjusted life years (DALYs) were averted per 3-year incremental period. The cumulative costs of malaria control interventions were 11,169,472 US dollars (in 1995 US dollars). Because the control programmes were so effective, the mining companies attracted a large reservoir of migrant labourers and sustained healthy work forces. The programmes averted an estimated 796,622 US dollars in direct treatment costs and 5,678,745 US dollars in indirect costs as a result of reduced work absenteeism. Within a few years of programme initiation, Northern Rhodesia became the leading copper producer in Africa, and mining generated the dominant share of national income. Copper production and revenues, which increased dramatically during malaria control interventions, amounted to the equivalent of 7.1 billion US dollars (in 1995 US dollars). Integrated malaria control in copper mining communities was a sound investment. It had payoff for public and occupational health, generally, and without it copper extraction and social and economic development would have been impossible.
Research Interests: Program Evaluation, Economics, Control, Environmental Management, Malaria, and 15 morePublic Health, Mining, Employment, Humans, Copper, Absenteeism, Animals, Industrial development, Income, Check, Mosquito Control, Quality adjusted life years, Public health systems and services research, Cost Benefit Analysis, and Disabled Persons
Page 1. WORLD BANK DISCUSSION PAPER NO. 422 Work In progress for public discussion Environmental Health Bridging the Gaps James A. Listorti Fadl M. Doumanl M Page 2. Recent World Bank Discussion Papers No. ...
Research Interests:
Research Interests:
Research Interests: Economics, Air Quality, Forestry, Climate Change, Nutrition, and 55 moreNatural Resources, Renewable Energy, Health Care, Economic Growth, Carbon, Biomass, Combustion, Environmental Health, Health Education, Quality of life, Waste, Refrigeration, Transportation, Economic Development, Energy efficiency, Hydropower, Electricity, Safety, Natural Gas, Transport, Disasters, Water Supply, Oil, Generation, Coal Mining, Approach, Industry, Fossil Fuels, Fuel, Intervention, Externalities, Electricity Production, Comparative Advantage, Income, Risk factors, Power Plants, Hygiene, Pollutants, Sulfur, Indoor air pollution, Developed Countries, Greenhouse gases, Ozone, Scientific Research, THERMAL POWER GENERATION, Drainage, Thermal Power, Particulate Matter, Risk Factors, Energy Efficiency, Ozone layer depletion, Electricity Generation, Nonrenewable Energy, Environmental, and Particulate
It has long been suggested that malaria is delaying the economic development of countries that are most severely affected by the disease. Several studies have documented the economic consequences of malaria at the household level,... more
It has long been suggested that malaria is delaying the economic development of countries that are most severely affected by the disease. Several studies have documented the economic consequences of malaria at the household level, primarily in communities engaged in subsistence farming. A missing element is the appraisal of the economic impact of malaria on the industrial and service sectors that will probably become the backbone of many developing economies. We estimate the economic effects of integrated malaria control implemented during the colonial period and sustained for 20 years in four copper mining communities of the former Northern Rhodesia (now Zambia). Integrated malaria control was characterized by strong emphasis on environmental management, while part of the mining communities also benefited from rapid diagnosis and treatment and the use of bednets. The programmes were highly successful as an estimated 14 122 deaths, 517 284 malaria attacks and 942 347 work shift losses were averted. Overall, 127 226 disability adjusted life years (DALYs) were averted per 3-year incremental period. The cumulative costs of malaria control interventions were US$ 11 169 472 (in 1995 US$). Because the control programmes were so effective, the mining companies attracted a large reservoir of migrant labourers and sustained healthy work forces. The programmes averted an estimated US$ 796 622 in direct treatment costs and US$ 5 678 745 in indirect costs as a result of reduced work absenteeism. Within a few years of programme initiation, Northern Rhodesia became the leading copper producer in Africa, and mining generated the dominant share of national income. Copper production and revenues, which increased dramatically during malaria control interventions, amounted to the equivalent of US$ 7.1 billion (in 1995 US$). Integrated malaria control in copper mining communities was a sound investment. It had payoff for public and occupational health, generally, and without it copper extraction and social and economic development would have been impossible.