Falmata Kyari

Presence research was designed to carry out assessment of ticks infestation rate and risk factors among local and exotic breed of dogs with the aims of determining the prevalence of ticks infestation and its demographic factors among local and exotic breed of dogs in Kano. Total of six hundred and five (605) dogs were sampled. The breed, age, sex and months were recorded. The overall Infestation of ticks in the 605 dogs examined was 352 (58.1%). Breed wise, Ticks prevalence was recorded higher in local breed 74.7% than exotic breed 33.1%. Sex wise, tick prevalence was higher in male dogs than female. Age wise, there was high infestation rate of ticks in adult dogs 81.5% than 31.0% young dogs. Prevalence of ticks was higher in the month of December 62.4% and January 58.5% followed by February 55.1%, November 57.4% and October 53.3%. Two genera of ticks were identified with Boophilus (91.6%) having the highest prevalence followed by Rhabicephalus (8.3%).In conclusion, the overall tick’s infestation rate is very high compared to other studies. Regular and effective medical care, improve hygiene and fumigating there environment with effective acaricide will help control ticks and a tick borne disease is recommended.

A survey of tick species infesting donkeys in Borno state was conducted to determine their infestation rate and the parasite burden on Donkeys. Ticks sample were collected by visiting ten herds at random periodically for five (5) consecutive visits. The ticks were identified for their genera in veterinary parasitology laboratory of University of Maiduguri, Borno State. The effect of month, age, State of body condition, housing and grazing systems on tick infestation were recorded. The result revealed that about 64(18.3%) out of 350 of the total breeds of donkey while 24% of Auraki (rust or red) donkey were found to be most susceptible to tick infestation followed by Duni (dark brown to black) with 22%, 18% was recorded in Fari (pale cream to white) and 15.5% Indabari (Grey to light medium brown) respectively. Infestation rate across different age groups, age had no significant effect (p>0.005) on tick infestation in donkey breeds, however, younger donkeys (below 1 year of age wer...

Aim: This study was designed to investigate the prevalence, associated risk factors, and zoonotic implications of gastrointestinal parasites of dogs in Maiduguri, Borno State, Northeastern Nigeria. Materials and Methods: A total of 200 rectal fecal samples were collected from dogs in Maiduguri for coprological examination using the saturated sodium chloride floatation technique. Detection of eggs or oocyst was done on the basis of keys of identification of parasites based on the morphology and size of eggs or oocyst. Results: The prevalence of gastrointestinal parasites of dogs was 31.5% (63/200) in Maiduguri. The prevalence of the infection was higher in young, male dogs kept outdoor in terms of age, sex, and management; the difference was statistically significant (p<0.05). The parasites detected in Maiduguri include Ancylostoma spp., Toxocara spp., Dipylidium spp., Isospora spp., and Taenia spp., with Ancylostoma spp. (16%) having the highest prevalence rate. Conclusion: Gastr...

A survey of tick species infesting donkeys in Borno state was conducted to determine their infestation rate and the parasite burden on Donkeys. Ticks sample were collected by visiting ten herds at random periodically for five (5) consecutive visits. The ticks were identified for their genera in veterinary parasitology laboratory of University of Maiduguri, Borno State. The effect of month, age, State of body condition, housing and grazing systems on tick infestation were recorded. The result revealed that about 64(18.3%) out of 350 of the total breeds of donkey while 24% of Auraki (rust or red) donkey were found to be most susceptible to tick infestation followed by Duni (dark brown to black) with 22%, 18% was recorded in Fari (pale cream to white) and 15.5% Indabari (Grey to light medium brown) respectively. Infestation rate across different age groups, age had no significant effect (p>0.005) on tick infestation in donkey breeds, however, younger donkeys (below 1 year of age wer...

A survey was conducted to determine the epidemiological studies and intensity of Eimeria species infecting camels in semi Arid region of Borno state, Nigeria. A total of 100 camels were examined, of which 29 (29%) were infected, with a total oocysts burden of 308. The common species of oocysts were Eimeria dromedarii 158 (51.3%), Eimeriacameli 77(25.0%) and Eimeria rajasthani 73 (23.7%). Of the 35 males examined 8(22.9%) were infected with a oocysts burden of 108(35.1%) compared to the 65 females examined 21(32.3) infected and a oocysts burden of 200 (64.9%) however, there was no statistical significant difference infection between sexes (P> 0.05). Epidemiological studies base on the age of the camels examined showed that the group of >12 months had 27(29.6%) with an oocysts burden of 300(97.4%) while camels 0.05). The result of this study show the significance of oocysts camel production in this semi arid region of Borno state, Nigeria.

Acute toxicity and the effect of crude ethanolic stem bark extract of Butyrospermum paradoxum (Sapotaceae) on parasitaemia and haematological parameters of rabbits infected with Trypanosoma evansi were determined. Seventy (70) New Zealand white rabbits were used in the study, 35 for acute toxicity testing and another 35 for the determination of effect of extract on parasitaemia and haematological parameters. In acute toxicity testing, the rabbits were randomly divided into seven groups (A-G) of five each. Groups A-F were administered graded doses of the extract, while group G served as control. In the in vivo study, the rabbits were divided into seven groups (A-G) of five each. Rabbits in groups (A-E) were infected each with 1.0x10 6  Trypanosoma evansi . Infected rabbits were later treated thus; Group A treated with 100 mg/kg of extract, B (200 mg/kg of extract), C (400 mg/kg of extract), D (3.5 mg/kg of Berenil ® ), E (infected untreated), while F (uninfected control). Group G was...

This study was conducted to determine the prevalence of haemoparasites of small ruminants slaughtered at Maiduguri Central Abattoir. A total of 150 blood samples were randombly collected from small ruminants between the months of February and March, 2018. The samples were screened for haemoparasites by examining Giemsa stained thin blood films. An overall prevalence of 13.3% was recorded for haemoparasites of small ruminants. Among different sexes, males had a higher prevalence of 8.0% than females with 5.3%, So also Caprine spp had a higher prevalence of 10.0% compared to Ovine spp with 3.3%. Adult animals had a higher prevalence of 10.6% compared to Young animals with a prevalence of 2.6%. Anaplasma spp and Babesia spp were the only parasites detected with Anaplasma spp having the highest prevalence rate of 11.3% and Babesia spp with 2.5%. This study provides information on the status of haemoparasitism in small ruminants that arrive for slaughter in Maiduguri Metropolis and calls...

The study assessed the prevalence of helminths on raw vegetables presented for sales and the level of hygienic practices among vegetable marketers in Maiduguri. All the markets surveyed were categorized into quadrants for the purpose of this study. A total of three hundred and twenty samples of spinach, cabbage, lettuce, carrot, green beans, green pepper, garden egg and tomatoes were collected. Forty samples per each vegetable type were collected in the study, while ten samples per vegetable were collected from every quadrant (market). One hundred questionnaires were administered to 100 vegetable marketers in order to evaluate hygienic practices during sourcing, transportation and retailing of vegetables. Collected vegetables were analysed using standard parasitological technique. In all, 29 (9.06%) vegetables were contaminated with one parasite or the other, consisting of Strongyle egg 5 (1.56%), Taenia egg 4 (1.25%), Nematode  larvae 17 (5.31%), Ancylostoma egg 1 (0.31%) and Ascaris lumbricoides egg 2 (0.62%). Based on the type of vegetable; cabbage and lettuce each had 5 (12.5%) parasites, while carrot and green beans had 2 (5.0%) and 17 (42.5%) respectively. Recovered parasites were significantly associated with the vegetable types. Custom/Gamboru Market recorded the highest contamination of 9 (11.25%) parasites, followed by University/Bama Road 7 (8.75%), Baga Road/Monday Market 5 (6.25%), while Bulumkutu/Gomari had least contamination rate of 8 (10.0%). There was no statistically significant association between parasites isolation and the market location. Eighteen (18) (62.07%) of the contaminated vegetables were unwashed. This study had demonstrated an increased prevalence of helminths in the sampled vegetables. Similarly, strong association exists between parasite isolation and hygienic practices especially the type of medium used for washing vegetables and the practice of hand washing prior to handling. These findings are important in view of the type of parasites found, their mode of transmissions and the current socio-economic status of the consumers. Keywords: vegetable, helminths, contamination, insurgency, Maiduguri