Saez, P. J., Abdel-Aal, E. M. and Bureau, D. P. 2015. Reduction of carotenoids in corn gluten meal: Effects on growth performance and muscle pigmentation of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss). Can. J. Anim. Sci. 95: 79–92. Corn gluten... more
Saez, P. J., Abdel-Aal, E. M. and Bureau, D. P. 2015. Reduction of carotenoids in corn gluten meal: Effects on growth performance and muscle pigmentation of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss). Can. J. Anim. Sci. 95: 79–92. Corn gluten meal (CGM) is an ingredient widely included in aquaculture feeds. The use of significant levels of CGM in diet formulation has been anecdotally related to the suboptimal pigmentation of the muscle of salmonid fish. The results of a few scientific studies that have examined the effect of CGM on muscle pigmentation in salmonids remain inconclusive. Therefore, a bench-scale study was carried out to reduce the content of yellow xanthophyll carotenoids in CGM using white soy flake flour as a bleaching agent. A 12-wk growth trial was then conducted to assess the effects of treated CGM on growth and muscle pigmentation of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) in comparison with regular CGM. Results of the pigment reduction study indicated that the concentration of lutein, zeaxanthin, β-cryptoxanthin and β-carotene was reduced by 86, 97, 100 and 100%, respectively, in the treated CGM. Results of the growth trial showed that the inclusion of treated or regular CGM in the diet did not significantly affect growth performance. However a significant (P<0.05) reduction in astaxanthin deposition was observed in the muscle of fish fed the diet supplemented with 190 g kg−1 of regular CGM when compared with the fish fed the control diet (0 g kg−1 of CGM). The muscle of fish fed the diet containing 190 g kg −1 of treated CGM showed the lowest astaxanthin deposition. This could be attributed to the presence of reactive peroxy radicals produced during the reduction of carotenoids in the treated CGM. Further research is underway to improve the processing method for the reduction of carotenoids in CGM.
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el objetivo de este trabajo es analizar el concepto de equidad natural utilizado por Andrés Bello para la interpretación del código civil. Por supuesto quien se interese por este tema se enfrenta a dificultades no sólo metodológicas... more
el objetivo de este trabajo es analizar el concepto de equidad natural utilizado por Andrés Bello para la interpretación del código civil. Por supuesto quien se interese por este tema se enfrenta a dificultades no sólo metodológicas -inherentes a cualquier investigación que busque reconstruir el pensamiento o la intención de un legislador-, sino también bibliográficas: no existe documento en el cual Bello desarrolle en profundidad el concepto de equidad natural, sino meras referencias y alusiones-algunas bastantes peyorativas-. Pese a ello, y quizá debido a la inteligencia única del caraqueño, incluyó importantes referencias doctrinarias a cada artículo del código, lo cual nos servirá de hoja de ruta para llevar a cabo esta investigación. Esto nos permitirá observar que el concepto de equidad natural usado por Bello tiene importantes connotaciones iusnaturalistas y morales, pero no como simple referencia a lo bueno y lo justo (que podría dar paso al arbitrio judicial), sino a la tra...
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The project aims at the design and construction of a permanent steel mold, also known as the shell, it has the assembly, opening and closing mechanisms necessary for its normal operation during the gravity casting of pieces of steel.... more
The project aims at the design and construction of a permanent steel mold, also known as the shell, it has the assembly, opening and closing mechanisms necessary for its normal operation during the gravity casting of pieces of steel. Aluminum, it is possible that this project had its application in the development of the practices carried out by students in the foundry laboratory of the Mechanical Engineering Career of the Polytechnic Salesiana University (UPS). The compilation of the information and the theoretical support inherent to the foundry processes was carried out contemplating the generalities involved in its execution, considering that the product obtained in the shell is an aluminum piece in the shape of an ashtray with an approximate weight of 0.83 kg After compiling the theoretical framework, the selection of alternatives was made in terms of mechanisms and materials of the elements that are part of the project, for this the ease of acquisition and availability in the ...
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Saez, P. J., Abdel-Aal, E. M. and Bureau, D. P. 2015. Reduction of carotenoids in corn gluten meal: Effects on growth performance and muscle pigmentation of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss). Can. J. Anim. Sci. 95: 79–92. Corn gluten... more
Saez, P. J., Abdel-Aal, E. M. and Bureau, D. P. 2015. Reduction of carotenoids in corn gluten meal: Effects on growth performance and muscle pigmentation of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss). Can. J. Anim. Sci. 95: 79–92. Corn gluten meal (CGM) is an ingredient widely included in aquaculture feeds. The use of significant levels of CGM in diet formulation has been anecdotally related to the suboptimal pigmentation of the muscle of salmonid fish. The results of a few scientific studies that have examined the effect of CGM on muscle pigmentation in salmonids remain inconclusive. Therefore, a bench-scale study was carried out to reduce the content of yellow xanthophyll carotenoids in CGM using white soy flake flour as a bleaching agent. A 12-wk growth trial was then conducted to assess the effects of treated CGM on growth and muscle pigmentation of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) in comparison with regular CGM. Results of the pigment reduction study indicated that the concentratio...
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Manufacturing companies face a significant challenge when developing their master production schedule, navigating unforeseen disruptions during daily operations. Moreover, fluctuations in demand pose a substantial risk to scheduling and... more
Manufacturing companies face a significant challenge when developing their master production schedule, navigating unforeseen disruptions during daily operations. Moreover, fluctuations in demand pose a substantial risk to scheduling and are the main cause of instability and uncertainty in the system. To address these challenges, employing flexible systems to mitigate uncertainty without incurring additional costs and generate sustainable responses in industrial applications is crucial. This paper proposes a product-driven system to complement the master production plan generated by a mathematical model. This system incorporates intelligent agents that make production decisions with a function capable of reducing uncertainty without significantly increasing production costs. The agents modify or determine the forecasted production quantities for each cycle or period. In the case study conducted, a master production plan was established for 12 products over a one-year time horizon. Th...
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The scheduling of a job shop production system occurs using models to plan operations for a given period while minimizing the makespan. However, since the resulting mathematical models are computationally demanding, their implementation... more
The scheduling of a job shop production system occurs using models to plan operations for a given period while minimizing the makespan. However, since the resulting mathematical models are computationally demanding, their implementation in the work environment is impractical, a difficulty that increases as the scale problem grows. An alternative approach is to address the problem in a decentralized manner, such that real-time product flow information feeds the control system to minimize the makespan dynamically. Under the decentralized approach, we use a holonic and multiagent systems to represent a product-driven job shop system that allows us to simulate real-world scenarios. However, the computational performance of such systems to control the process in real-time and for different problem scales is unclear. This paper presents a product-driven job shop system model that includes an evolutionary algorithm to minimize the makespan. A multiagent system simulates the model and produ...
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Very many peptides have the potential of being used as drugs. Nevertheless, they usually suffer from serious limitations stemming from their metabolic lability and unfavorable pharmacokinetics. A promising approach to circumvent these... more
Very many peptides have the potential of being used as drugs. Nevertheless, they usually suffer from serious limitations stemming from their metabolic lability and unfavorable pharmacokinetics. A promising approach to circumvent these problems is the use of conformationally similar molecules, able to interact with the same biological targets, but less susceptible to metabolic degradation and with better absorption and distribution properties. This may be achieved through the synthesis of peptide mimetics where some or all of the amino acid residues have been replaced by different chemical moieties. This article gives a brief overview of peptide mimetic structures on which medicinal chemists have focused in the last few years, together with the chemical approaches used for their synthesis and of the amino acid replacements that serve as their building blocks. These methods range from classical organic synthetic methods to quite sophisticated catalytic and solid-phase protocols. In many cases, the target compounds have been tested in biological systems with varying degrees of success. These results should not be construed as an indication of unreliability of the peptidomimetic approach, but rather as a reflection of the limited sample examined to date. Because of the solid foundations on which this therapeutic strategy is based, we think that a growing number of peptide mimetics are likely to enter the clinic in the coming years. Keywords: Azapeptides; Aminooxy Peptides; Oligocarbamate; Oligourea; β-, γ-, δ-, ɛ-Peptides; Peptide Mimetics (or Peptidomimetics); Peptoids
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There are doubts wether generic medications have the same bioavailability and efficacy compared with the original drugs developed by pharmaceutical companies with research capabilities. To compare the pharmacokinetics and clinical (motor)... more
There are doubts wether generic medications have the same bioavailability and efficacy compared with the original drugs developed by pharmaceutical companies with research capabilities. To compare the pharmacokinetics and clinical (motor) responses of Sinemet and Grifoparkin (generic carbidopa/levodopa 250/25 mg) in patients with advanced Parkinson's disease. Patients were randomly assigned to Sinemet (15 patients 62 +/- 12 years old; mean disease duration 11 +/- 7 years) or Grifoparkin (15 patients, 64 +/- 11 years old; mean disease duration 12 +/- 4 years) groups. Medication and food were withheld 12 h before the study. Fifteen blood samples were collected (starting 9 AM) immediately before (sample 1, t = 0 min) and after (samples 2-15, t = 20-360 min) oral administration of a single dose of Sinemet or Grifoparkin, and plasmatic L-DOPA was quantified using HPLC with electrochemical detection. Additionally, each patient was clinically evaluated every 20 minutes, using the tappi...
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Research Interests: Neuroscience, Psychology, Spatial Memory, Long Term Potentiation, Neurobiology of Learning and Memory, and 15 moreMedicine, Prefrontal Cortex, Neuroplasticity, Pregnancy, Female, Animals, Male, Clenbuterol, Rats, Neocortex, Review of Literature Protein Energy Malnutrition, Frontal Lobe, Psychomotor Performance, Psychology and Cognitive Sciences, and Medical and Health Sciences
Research Interests: Endocrinology, Obesity, Biology, Neurobiology of Learning and Memory, Medicine, and 14 moreInternal Medicine, Blood Glucose, Mice, Animals, Male, Ketamine, Feeding Behavior, Food Preferences, Preference Test, Preference, Piperidines, NMDA receptor, Psychology and Cognitive Sciences, and Medical and Health Sciences
Research Interests: Endocrinology, Neuroscience, Long Term Potentiation, Biology, Neurobiology of Learning and Memory, and 15 moreMedicine, Neuroplasticity, Malnutrition, Pregnancy, Internal Medicine, Cerebral Cortex, Female, Animals, Male, Neurons, LTP, Neocortex, Imidazoles, Occipital Lobe, and Medical and Health Sciences
Whole lupin seed meal was evaluated as partial replacement for fishmeal in extruded diets for rainbow trout, with particular emphasis on the effect on growth performance and apparent digestibility coefficient (ADC) of protein, lipids,... more
Whole lupin seed meal was evaluated as partial replacement for fishmeal in extruded diets for rainbow trout, with particular emphasis on the effect on growth performance and apparent digestibility coefficient (ADC) of protein, lipids, carbohydrates, and energy. Effect on muscle fatty acid composition was also evaluated. All diets were formulated to be isonitrogenous and isoenergetic and to contain approximately 45% crude protein and 5.5 kcal energy g/diet. Diets were formulated to include whole lupin seed meal at 0, 10, 15, and 20%. Triplicate groups of fish weighing 65.9 ± 15.1 g on average were fed twice a day until apparent satiation during 12 wk. Growth, feed intake, hepatosomatic index, hepatic histology, proximate composition of whole body, and muscular fatty acid profile were determined. Growth and feed utilization were similar in all treatments and whole‐body composition did not vary among treatments. Polyunsaturated fatty acids of the n‐6 and n‐3 series remained constant in...
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Research Interests: Pharmacology, Biochemistry, Computer Science, Biophysics, Chemistry, and 15 moreHematology, Molecular Dynamics Simulation, Mental Health, Interaction, Infectious Diseases, Medicine, Humans, Library and Information Sciences, HT, Active site, Monoamine oxidase, binding sites, protonation, Monoamine oxidase inhibitors, and Minimum Inhibitory Concentration
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We recently described that several 2‐(2,5‐dimethoxy‐4‐substituted phenyl)ethylamines (PEAs), including 4‐I=2C‐I, 4‐Br=2C‐B, and 4‐CH3=2C‐D analogs, are partial agonists at 5‐HT2C receptors, and show low or even negligible intrinsic... more
We recently described that several 2‐(2,5‐dimethoxy‐4‐substituted phenyl)ethylamines (PEAs), including 4‐I=2C‐I, 4‐Br=2C‐B, and 4‐CH3=2C‐D analogs, are partial agonists at 5‐HT2C receptors, and show low or even negligible intrinsic efficacy at 5‐HT2A receptors. These results raised the proposal that these drugs may act as 5‐HT2 antagonists. To test this hypothesis, Xenopus laevis oocytes were microinjected with the rat clones for 5‐HT2A or 5‐HT2C receptors. The above‐mentioned PEAs and its 4‐H analog (2C‐H) blocked the 5‐HT‐induced currents at 5‐HT2A, but not at the 5‐HT2C receptor, revealing 5‐HT2 receptor subtype selectivity. The 5‐HT2A receptor antagonism required a 2‐min preincubation to attain maximum inhibition. All PEAs tested shifted the 5‐HT concentration–response curves to the right and downward. Their potencies varied with the nature of the C(4) substituent; the relative rank order of their 5‐HT2A receptor antagonist potency was 2C‐I>2C‐B>2C‐D>2C‐H. The present r...