The Europe and Central Asia (ECA) region's relative advantage in gender equality compared to other regions eroded in the 1999-2009 period. As a result, the region now looks more similar to the rest of the world in terms of women's... more
The Europe and Central Asia (ECA) region's relative advantage in gender equality compared to other regions eroded in the 1999-2009 period. As a result, the region now looks more similar to the rest of the world in terms of women's education and labor force participation. Moreover, gender gaps continue to exist in some minority communities and in poor rural areas. Structural changes in the economies of the region have both opened up economic and employment opportunities for women and reduced some avenues of prosperity for men. However, women's gains from such opportunities are limited as occupational segregation and wage gaps persist, despite comparable human capital endowments. The dramatic demographic changes affecting the ECA region, such as aging, have different implications for men and women. In particular, (i) old age poverty will especially affect women, and (ii) the shrinking labor force will make it necessary to stimulate the labor participation rate of women.
Research Interests:
Research Interests: Gender Studies, Human Rights, Economic Growth, Sex, Migration, and 30 moreHuman Development, Fertility, Productivity, Transportation, Social Norms, Public Health, War, Social Welfare, Water Supply, Reproductive health, Primary Education, RECREATION, Basic Needs, Life Expectancy, Traditional Societies, Risk factors, Rural Areas, Drug abuse, Ethnic Groups, Tertiary Education, Formal Education, Fertility Rate, Birth Rate, Role Models, Risk Factors, Quality of services, Subsistence Agriculture, Social Workers, Information System, and Fertility Rates
Research Interests: Social Sciences, Lifelong Learning, Health Care, Economic Growth, Sex, and 36 moreMigration, Cancer, Fertility, Productivity, Developing Countries, Vulnerability, Human Resources, Reproductive health, Primary Education, Young Adults, Sex ratio, Inequality, Education Systems, Market economy, Life Expectancy, Rural Areas, Drug abuse, Laws, Land Ownership, Demographic Transition, Tertiary Education, Fertility Rate, Infant Mortality, Subsistence farming, Dissemination, Purchasing Power Parity, Sex Ratios, Low Income Countries, Infant Mortality Rate, Dependency Ratio, Parity, Household Chores, Gross Domestic Product (GDP), Infant Mortality Rates, Mortality rate, and Fertility Rates
Research Interests: Gender Studies, Human Rights, Economic Growth, Sex, Migration, and 30 moreHuman Development, Fertility, Productivity, Transportation, Social Norms, Public Health, War, Social Welfare, Water Supply, Reproductive health, Primary Education, RECREATION, Basic Needs, Life Expectancy, Traditional Societies, Risk factors, Rural Areas, Drug abuse, Ethnic Groups, Tertiary Education, Formal Education, Fertility Rate, Birth Rate, Role Models, Risk Factors, Quality of services, Subsistence Agriculture, Social Workers, Information System, and Fertility Rates
Research Interests: Gender Studies, Human Rights, Economic Growth, Sex, Migration, and 23 moreHuman Development, Fertility, Productivity, Social Exclusion, Social Norms, International Finance, Social Development, Corruption, Informal Sector, Primary Education, Market economy, Life Expectancy, Population Growth, ID, Education System, Tertiary Education, Low Income Countries, Population Study, Union, Living Standards, Vicious Cycle, Fertility Rates, and joint liability
Research Interests:
Research Interests: Human Rights, Primary Health Care, Health Care, Economic Growth, Sex, and 26 moreMigration, Cancer, Human Development, Fertility, Developing Countries, Social Norms, Public Health, Sexual Health, Vulnerability, Reproductive health, Primary Education, Education Systems, Life Expectancy, Traditional Societies, Rural Areas, Drug abuse, Tertiary Education, Fertility Rate, Infant Mortality, Economic Status, Role Models, Government Policies, Mortality rate, Death Rates, Beating, and Fertility Rates
... autonomy; whereas for women status was the significant motivating factor. The theory of planned behavior (Aizen, 1991) was developed to capture the motivational ... (Sexton and Bowman-Upton, 1990; Masters and Meier, 1988; Verheul and... more
... autonomy; whereas for women status was the significant motivating factor. The theory of planned behavior (Aizen, 1991) was developed to capture the motivational ... (Sexton and Bowman-Upton, 1990; Masters and Meier, 1988; Verheul and Thurik, 2001) ...