Polyphasic analysis of four new Vibrio isolates originating from the haemolymph of diseased cultured oysters is described. The new isolates were closely related to Vibrio splendidus, having 98 % 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity.... more
Polyphasic analysis of four new Vibrio isolates originating from the haemolymph of diseased cultured oysters is described. The new isolates were closely related to Vibrio splendidus, having 98 % 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity. Phylogenetic analysis based on DNA gyrase subunit B (gyrB), RNA polymerase σ 70 factor (rpoD), replication origin-binding protein (rctB) and transmembrane regulatory protein (toxR) genes, fluorescent amplified fragment length polymorphism and DNA–DNA hybridization experiments clearly showed that the new isolates form a tight genomic group that is different from the currently known Vibrio species. It is proposed that these new isolates should be accommodated in a novel species, Vibrio gigantis sp. nov. Phenotypic features that differentiate V. gigantis from other known Vibrio species include arginine dihydrolase, gelatinase and β-galactosidase activities, NO2 production, growth at 35 °C, and utilization of sucrose, melibiose, amygdalin, glycerol, galactose, ...
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Ce rapport fait etat d'une etude realisee au laboratoire de Genetique et Pathologie de l'IFREMER dans le cadre de l'analyse d'episodes de mortalite anormale survenue en ecloserie privee de crevettes peneides. Plusieurs... more
Ce rapport fait etat d'une etude realisee au laboratoire de Genetique et Pathologie de l'IFREMER dans le cadre de l'analyse d'episodes de mortalite anormale survenue en ecloserie privee de crevettes peneides. Plusieurs hypotheses ont ete avancees. La presence de Vibrio harveyi a amene a constituer une collection de 40 souches a partir desquelles une identification bacteriologique a ete effectuee. Elle montre en effet une dominance de souches appartenant a un groupe homogene de Vibrio harveyi. La technique de ribotypage (digestion d'ADN genomique, transfert de Southem-blot et hybridation avec une sonde specifique) est alors mise en place. Plusieurs difficultes techniques ont ralenti l'analyse et n'ont donc pas permis d'avoir des resultats assez avances pour resoudre le probleme de la mortalite. Cependant cette technique a montre son interet pour le typage des souches impliquees dans les episodes de mortalite. Il est ainsi apparue qu'une meme espece...
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Afin d'appuyer la filiere ostreicole, les programmes de recherche actuels visent a proposer des methodes d'amelioration genetique des rendements et de la qualite du produit (selection, polyploidisation). A l'image des... more
Afin d'appuyer la filiere ostreicole, les programmes de recherche actuels visent a proposer des methodes d'amelioration genetique des rendements et de la qualite du produit (selection, polyploidisation). A l'image des productions animales terrestres, la continuation de ces travaux et la diffusion du progres genetique dans la filiere seraient grandement facilitee par le developpement de techniques de conservation des genotypes selectionnes. Cependant la cryopreservation qui est utilisee frequemment dans les programmes de selection des animaux terrestres et des especes piscicoles n'est toujours pas disponible pour les mollusques bivalves. Cette technique permettrait de conserver les gametes des individus selectionnes pour leur potentiel de croissance eleve, leur resistance aux maladies et/ou leur qualite a un cout et risque moindres que ceux du maintien des geniteurs en elevage. A ce jour, les divers travaux scientifiques realises mettent en evidence la possibilite de ...
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Yann Reynaud1,2 ,*, Denis Saulnier1, Didier Mazel3, Cyrille Goarant2#, and Frederique Le Roux1,3 1 Laboratoire de genetique et pathologie, Ifremer, BP33, 17390 La Tremblade, France 2 Departement Aquaculture en Nouvelle-Caledonie, Ifremer,... more
Yann Reynaud1,2 ,*, Denis Saulnier1, Didier Mazel3, Cyrille Goarant2#, and Frederique Le Roux1,3 1 Laboratoire de genetique et pathologie, Ifremer, BP33, 17390 La Tremblade, France 2 Departement Aquaculture en Nouvelle-Caledonie, Ifremer, BP 2059, 98846 Noumea cedex, Nouvelle-Caledonie. 3 Unite Postulante Plasticite du Genome Bacterien, CNRS URA 2171, Institut Pasteur, 25 rue du Dr Roux, 75724, Paris, France. # Present address: LRB, Institut Pasteur de Nouvelle Caledonie, BP 6198845 Noumea Cedex, New Caledonia *yann.reynaud@ifremer.fr
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The orbicular batfish (Platax orbicularis), also called ‘Paraha peue’ in Tahitian, is the most important marine fish species reared in French Polynesia. Sudden and widespread outbreaks of severe ‘white-patch disease’ have occurred since... more
The orbicular batfish (Platax orbicularis), also called ‘Paraha peue’ in Tahitian, is the most important marine fish species reared in French Polynesia. Sudden and widespread outbreaks of severe ‘white-patch disease’ have occurred since 2011 in batfish farms one to three weeks after the transfer of juveniles from bio-secured hatcheries to lagoon cages. With cumulative mortality ranging from 20 to 90%, the sustainability of aquaculture of this species is severely threatened. In this study, we describe for the first time the isolation from diseased batfish of several strains belonging to the species Tenacibaculum maritimum, a major pathogen of many marine fish species. Histopathological analysis, an experimental bath challenge and a field monitoring study showed that T. maritimum is associated with white-patch disease. Moreover, molecular and serological analyses performed on representative strains revealed some degree of genetic diversity among the isolates, a finding of primary impo...
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The pathogenicity of two V. penaeicida strains, AM101 and KH-1, with different geographic origin, and V. nigripulchritudo strain AM102, were investigated in juvenile blue shrimp species Litopenaeus stylirostris. Alive bacteria and protein... more
The pathogenicity of two V. penaeicida strains, AM101 and KH-1, with different geographic origin, and V. nigripulchritudo strain AM102, were investigated in juvenile blue shrimp species Litopenaeus stylirostris. Alive bacteria and protein fractions (PFs) obtained from cell-free supernatants (CFS) were used in experimental challenges. Strains AM102, AM101, and KH-1 produced respectively 60, 54 and 12% mortality at 96 h after infection using 10 4 cfu mL –1 of bacterial suspension. Exocellular toxin-like factors were evidenced in CFS from the New Caledonian strains (AM102 and AM101) but not in the Japanese strain (KH-1). At 48 h post injection of each CFS, mortality rates were respectively 96, 98 and 5% when these strains were cultivated at 20°C, whereas only 0, 16 and 5% mortality rates were observed when these strains were cultivated at 30oC. Clear differences in pathogenicity between both V. penaeicida strains of distinct geographic origin (AM101 and KH-1) were thus emphasized. Prot...
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1Laboratoire RMPF, UMR241 EIO, Centre Ifremer du Pacifique, BP 7004, 98719 Taravao, Tahiti Polynesie francaise. 2 Laboratoire 3AS, UMR MarBEC, Centre Ifremer de Mediterranee, Route de Maguelone, 34250 Palavas-les-Flot, France. 3 Direction... more
1Laboratoire RMPF, UMR241 EIO, Centre Ifremer du Pacifique, BP 7004, 98719 Taravao, Tahiti Polynesie francaise. 2 Laboratoire 3AS, UMR MarBEC, Centre Ifremer de Mediterranee, Route de Maguelone, 34250 Palavas-les-Flot, France. 3 Direction des Ressources Marines et Minieres, Cellule Aquaculture, Fare ute BP20, 98713 Papeete, Polynesie francaise. 4 Unite CRIOBE (Centre de Recherches Insulaires et Observatoire de l’Environnement), BP 1013 Papetoai, 98729 Moorea, Polynesie francaise.
La perle est une production conchylicole originale qui, en Polynesie francaise, se place au 2e rang economique. Cette industrie s’appuie fortement sur la recherche pour introduire du progres dans les pratiques. Cet article a pour ambition... more
La perle est une production conchylicole originale qui, en Polynesie francaise, se place au 2e rang economique. Cette industrie s’appuie fortement sur la recherche pour introduire du progres dans les pratiques. Cet article a pour ambition de presenter les bases techniques de sa production en detaillant les travaux menes en lien avec les enjeux de developpement durable de la perliculture. Les recherches sont principalement axees sur l’amelioration de la qualite des perles via la selection genetique. Cela necessite de comprendre les processus physiologiques et moleculaires en jeu. Nous concluons sur les mises au point, les developpements scientifiques et techniques en cours ou restant a mener.
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Background: Tenacibaculum maritimum is a fish pathogen known for causing serious damage to a broad range of wild and farmed marine fish populations worldwide. The recently sequenced genome of T. maritimum strain NCIMB 2154 T provided... more
Background: Tenacibaculum maritimum is a fish pathogen known for causing serious damage to a broad range of wild and farmed marine fish populations worldwide. The recently sequenced genome of T. maritimum strain NCIMB 2154 T provided unprecedented information on the possible molecular mechanisms involved in the virulence of this species. However, little is known about the dynamic of infection in vivo, and information is lacking on both the intrinsic host response (gene expression) and its associated microbiome community. Here, we applied complementary omic approaches, including dual RNAseq and 16S rRNA gene metabarcoding sequencing using Nanopore and short-read Illumina technologies to unravel the host–pathogen interplay in an experimental infection system using the tropical fish Platax orbicularis as model. Results: We showed that the T. maritimum transcriptomic landscape during infection is characterised by an enhancement of antibiotic catalytic and glucan catalytic functions but ...
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We report herein a ring-distortion strategy applied to marine natural substances ilimaquinone and 5-epi-ilimaquinone. A chemically diverse library of molecules was synthesised that included rearrangements of the sesquiterpene moiety and... more
We report herein a ring-distortion strategy applied to marine natural substances ilimaquinone and 5-epi-ilimaquinone. A chemically diverse library of molecules was synthesised that included rearrangements of the sesquiterpene moiety and original reorganisations of the quinone ring. Chemoinformatic analyses evaluated the rise of structural diversity and the exploration of chemical space. Some focussed biological activities of this library were also investigated; quorum sensing activity of Vibrio harveyi was envisaged and some of the new compounds were shown to be good quorum sensing inhibitor candidates, whereas others were activators. Toxicities were also evaluated and some products showed micromolar activities against human umbilical vein endothelium, human hepatocellular carcinoma and human lung carcinoma (A549) cells.
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The understanding of reciprocal interactions between Crassostrea gigas and Vibrio sp., whether these be virulent or avirulent, is vital for the development of methods to improve the health status of cultured oysters. We describe an... more
The understanding of reciprocal interactions between Crassostrea gigas and Vibrio sp., whether these be virulent or avirulent, is vital for the development of methods to improve the health status of cultured oysters. We describe an original non-invasive experimental infection ...
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Four new brominated tyrosine metabolites, aplyzanzines C–F (1–4), were isolated from the French Polynesian sponge Pseudoceratina n. sp., along with the two known 2-aminoimidazolic derivatives, purealidin A (5) and 6, previously isolated,... more
Four new brominated tyrosine metabolites, aplyzanzines C–F (1–4), were isolated from the French Polynesian sponge Pseudoceratina n. sp., along with the two known 2-aminoimidazolic derivatives, purealidin A (5) and 6, previously isolated, respectively, from the sponges Psammaplysilla purpurea and Verongula sp. Their structures were assigned based on the interpretation of their NMR and HRMS data. The compounds exhibited quorum sensing inhibition (QSi) and antifouling activities against several strains of bacteria and microalgae. To our knowledge, the QSi activity of this type of bromotyrosine metabolite is described here for the first time.
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The adaptative bleaching hypothesis (ABH) states that depending on the symbiotic flexibility of coral hosts (i.e., the ability of corals to “switch” or “shuffle” their algal symbionts), coral bleaching can lead to a change in the... more
The adaptative bleaching hypothesis (ABH) states that depending on the symbiotic flexibility of coral hosts (i.e., the ability of corals to “switch” or “shuffle” their algal symbionts), coral bleaching can lead to a change in the composition of their associated Symbiodinium community, and, thus, contribute to the coral’s overall survival. In order to determine the flexibility of corals, molecular tools are required to provide accurate species delineations, and to detect low levels of coral-associated Symbiodinium. Here, we used highly sensitive quantitative (real-time) PCR (qPCR) technology to analyse five common coral species from Moorea (French Polynesia), previously screened using only traditional conventional molecular methods, to assess the presence of low-abundance (background) Symbiodinium. Similar to other studies, each coral species exhibited a strong specificity to a particular clade, irrespective of the environment. In addition, however, each of the five species harboured...
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The adaptative bleaching hypothesis (ABH) states that, depending on the symbiotic flexibility of coral hosts (i.e., the ability of corals to “switch” or “shuffle” their algal symbionts), coral bleaching can lead to a change in the... more
The adaptative bleaching hypothesis (ABH) states that, depending on the symbiotic flexibility of coral hosts (i.e., the ability of corals to “switch” or “shuffle” their algal symbionts), coral bleaching can lead to a change in the composition of their associatedSymbiodiniumcommunity and, thus, contribute to the coral’s overall survival. In order to determine the flexibility of corals, molecular tools are required to provide accurate species delineations and to detect low levels of coral-associatedSymbiodinium. Here, we used highly sensitive quantitative (real-time) PCR (qPCR) technology to analyse five common coral species from Moorea (French Polynesia), previously screened using only traditional molecular methods, to assess the presence of low-abundance (background)Symbiodiniumspp. Similar to other studies, each coral species exhibited a strong specificity to a particular clade, irrespective of the environment. In addition, however, each of the five species harboured at least one a...
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Immunological parameters of porcine peripheral blood mononuclear cells after in vivo injections of recombinant porcine interferon gamma (rPoIFN gamma) were studied in pigs immunosuppressed by dexamethasone (6 mg/kg body weight in a single... more
Immunological parameters of porcine peripheral blood mononuclear cells after in vivo injections of recombinant porcine interferon gamma (rPoIFN gamma) were studied in pigs immunosuppressed by dexamethasone (6 mg/kg body weight in a single injection). A 2-d period of rPoIFN gamma injected alone and intramuscularly at a dose of 1 microgram/kg body weight increased interleukin 1 (IL1) production (P less than 0.05). Recombinant porcine IFN gamma also reversed the immunosuppressive effects of dexamethasone on: i), lymphocyte responsiveness to mitogens: PHA (P less than 0.03), ConA (P less than 0.053); ii), IL1 production; and iii), IL2 production (P less than 0.05). However, rPoIFN gamma had no effect on neutrophilia induced by dexamethasone. These data show that rPoIFN gamma modulates leukocyte functions of pigs in vivo.
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Since the mid-seventies, there has been a considerable emphasis on the key-role played by extracellular organic macromolecules associated to mollusc shell biomineralization. In particular, the proteins occluded within the shell are... more
Since the mid-seventies, there has been a considerable emphasis on the key-role played by extracellular organic macromolecules associated to mollusc shell biomineralization. In particular, the proteins occluded within the shell are supposed to fulfill several distinct functions, listed as follows: to provide a gel-like or colloidal micro-environment where crystallization can occur, to compartmentalize this environment in relation to the future microstructure, to promote nucleation and favour crystal growth in privileged crystallographic axes, to stop crystal growth when necessary. Beside these functions related to the interaction with the mineral, some specific shell proteins function as enzymes, while others exert signalling activities towards the calcifying mantle epithelium. The topographic models of shell mineralization, which emerged a decade ago for describing nacre ultrastructure, translate very imperfectly the complexity of the calcification process at the molecular level. F...
An association between vitellogenesis and the immune system was suggested in crustaceans from studies on plasma lipoproteins. The present research studies the effect of an experimentally induced bacterial infection on vitellogenesis in... more
An association between vitellogenesis and the immune system was suggested in crustaceans from studies on plasma lipoproteins. The present research studies the effect of an experimentally induced bacterial infection on vitellogenesis in females of the shrimp Penaeus indicus, as a model for penaeid species. Pre-vitellogenic and vitellogenic P. indicus females were experimentally infected with an extremely pathogenic bacterium, Vibrio penaeicida. The peak in mortality occurred earlier in pre-vitellogenic animals than in vitellogenic ones, although the final mortality level ( approximately 64-74%) 52h post-infection was nearly the same for the two groups. Twenty hours after infection, the total number of haemocytes was significantly reduced in vitellogenic females while there was no change in the pre-vitellogenic group. Protein synthesis in ovaries was not significantly affected by infection, at the two stages of ovarian development. No differences were found in mRNA levels of shrimp ovarian peritrophin protein (SOP), but preliminary results showed that mRNA expression of vitellin (VT) was reduced in a heavily infected vitellogenic female. The total amount of lipids in the haemolymph of vitellogenic females was almost twice higher than that of pre-vitellogenic ones. However, there was no change in the total content of lipids, lipid classes and fatty acid distribution in haemolymph or hepatopancreas following infection. Although vitellogenic and pre-vitellogenic females probably respond differently to a lethal bacterial infection, physiological differences may be concealed by the rapid onset of mortality.
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The present study reports for the first time the involvement of an antimicrobial peptide in the defense reactions of a shrimp infected by a pathogenic Vibrio, Vibrio penaeicida. New members of the penaeidin family were characterized in... more
The present study reports for the first time the involvement of an antimicrobial peptide in the defense reactions of a shrimp infected by a pathogenic Vibrio, Vibrio penaeicida. New members of the penaeidin family were characterized in the shrimp Litopenaeus stylirostris by RT-PCR and RACE-PCR from hemocyte total RNAs, and by mass spectrometry detection and immunolocalization of mature peptides in shrimp hemocytes. In infected shrimps, bacteria and penaeidin distribution colocalized in the gills and the lymphoid organ that represented the main infected sites. Moreover, the shrimp immune response to infection involved massive hemocyte recruitment to infection sites where released penaeidin may participate in the isolation and elimination of the bacteria, We show that the ability of the shrimps to circumvent shrimp infections is closely related to a recovery phase based on the hematopoietic process.
Research Interests: Physiology, Immune response, Mass Spectrometry, In Situ Hybridization, Sequence alignment, and 12 moreAnimals, Peptides, Proteins, Antimicrobial Peptide, Clinical Sciences, Vibrio, Protein isoforms, Amino Acid Sequence, Base Sequence, Penaeidae, Biochemistry and cell biology, and Molecular Sequence Data
Direction des opérations Laboratoire Environnement Ressource du Languedoc Roussillon, Ifremer, Sète Laboratoire Ecosystèmes Lagunaires UMR CNRS / Ifremer / UM2 / IRD Université Montpellier II UMR M100 Ifremer / Université de Caen Basse... more
Direction des opérations Laboratoire Environnement Ressource du Languedoc Roussillon, Ifremer, Sète Laboratoire Ecosystèmes Lagunaires UMR CNRS / Ifremer / UM2 / IRD Université Montpellier II UMR M100 Ifremer / Université de Caen Basse Normandie. Laboratoire ...
Depuis l'intensification des pratiques d'élevage des salmonidés, on assiste à une augmentation constante de l'incidence économique due aux agents pathogènes. L'un d'eux, un parasite non classé désigné sous le... more
Depuis l'intensification des pratiques d'élevage des salmonidés, on assiste à une augmentation constante de l'incidence économique due aux agents pathogènes. L'un d'eux, un parasite non classé désigné sous le vocable anglosaxon de PKX, est responsable d'une néphrite ...
Aquaculture production in French Polynesia and New Caledonia relies upon domesticated broodstock of two introduced species (the shrimp Litopenaeus stylirostris, and the fish Lates calcarifer) and on natural stock of the local pearl oyster... more
Aquaculture production in French Polynesia and New Caledonia relies upon domesticated broodstock of two introduced species (the shrimp Litopenaeus stylirostris, and the fish Lates calcarifer) and on natural stock of the local pearl oyster Pinctada margaritifera. For L. stylirostris, ...
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The coding part of mRNA 2 (ORF2) of BCV (F15 strain) was cloned and sequenced. The comparison of our sequence data with the sequence of the same ORF of BCV Quebec strain previously published revealed a major difference in the length of... more
The coding part of mRNA 2 (ORF2) of BCV (F15 strain) was cloned and sequenced. The comparison of our sequence data with the sequence of the same ORF of BCV Quebec strain previously published revealed a major difference in the length of the C-terminal part of the NS2 protein. In vitro transcription and translation of ORF2 resulted in the synthesis of a single protein migrating with a Mr of 31 kDa. The ORF2 was fused in frame with the glutathione S transferase gene (GSH) in the pGEX vector. The fusion protein was synthesized as inclusion bodies which were concentrated and used to raise a monospecific antiserum. Alternatively the fusion protein was solubilized, purified by affinity chromatography and cleaved with Factor Xa to yield pure recombinant NS2. The ORF2 was also expressed in the baculovirus system and the recombinant proteins expressed in pro- and eukaryotic systems were compared on the basis of their size and immunoreactivity. Immunoprecipitation performed with the monospecific antiserum allowed us to identify NS2 in HRT18 infected cells, to follow its kinetic of synthesis, and to ascertain that NS2 was not incorporated in the virion as a minor structural component.
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Coral disease outbreaks have increased over the last three decades, but their causal agents remain mostly unclear (e.g., bacteria, viruses, fungi, protists). This study details a 14-month-long survey of coral colonies in which... more
Coral disease outbreaks have increased over the last three decades, but their causal agents remain mostly unclear (e.g., bacteria, viruses, fungi, protists). This study details a 14-month-long survey of coral colonies in which observations of the development of disease was observed in nearly half of the sampled colonies. A bimonthly qPCR method was used to quantitatively and qualitatively evaluate Symbiodinium assemblages of tagged colonies, and to detect the presence of Vibrio spp. Firstly, our data showed that predisposition to disease development in general, and, more specifically, infection by Vibrio spp. in Acropora cytherea depended on which clades of Symbiodinium were harbored. In both cases, harboring clade D rather than A was beneficial to the coral host. Secondly, the detection of Vibrio spp. in only colonies that developed disease strongly suggests opportunistic traits of the bacteria. Finally, even if sporadic cases of switching and probably shuffling were observed, this...
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Color polymorphism in the nacre of pteriomorphian bivalves is of great interest for the pearl culture industry. The nacreous layer of the Polynesian black-lipped pearl oyster Pinctada margaritifera exhibits a large array of color... more
Color polymorphism in the nacre of pteriomorphian bivalves is of great interest for the pearl culture industry. The nacreous layer of the Polynesian black-lipped pearl oyster Pinctada margaritifera exhibits a large array of color variation among individuals including reflections of blue, green, yellow and pink in all possible gradients. Although the heritability of nacre color variation patterns has been demonstrated by experimental crossing, little is known about the genes involved in these patterns. In this study, we identify a set of genes differentially expressed among extreme color phenotypes of P. margaritifera using a suppressive and subtractive hybridization (SSH) method comparing black phenotypes with full and half albino individuals. Out of the 358 and 346 expressed sequence tags (ESTs) obtained by conducting two SSH libraries respectively, the expression patterns of 37 genes were tested with a real-time quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR) approach by pooling five individuals of each phenotype. The expression of 11 genes was subsequently estimated for each individual in order to detect inter-individual variation. Our results suggest that the color of the nacre is partially under the influence of genes involved in the biomineralization of the calcitic layer. A few genes involved in the formation of the aragonite tablets of the nacre layer and in the biosynthesis chain of melanin also showed differential expression patterns. Finally, high variability in gene expression levels were observed within the black phenotypes. Our results revealed that three main genetic processes were involved in color polymorphisms: the biomineralization of the nacreous and calcitic layers and the synthesis of pigments such as melanin, suggesting that color polymorphism takes place at different levels in the shell structure. The high variability of gene expression found within black phenotypes suggests that the present work should serve as a basis for future studies exploring more thoroughly the expression patterns of candidate genes within black phenotypes with different dominant iridescent colors.
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An antigen detection ELISA for the diagnosis of trypanosomes was recently proposed by Nantulya and Lindqvist (1989). Based on species-specific monoclonal antibodies, this test could be used to diagnose a current infection and to identify... more
An antigen detection ELISA for the diagnosis of trypanosomes was recently proposed by Nantulya and Lindqvist (1989). Based on species-specific monoclonal antibodies, this test could be used to diagnose a current infection and to identify the causing trypanosomes. The test was evaluated at CRTA during experimental infections in small ruminants and with sera from naturally infected cattle, thanks to reagents supplied by the International Laboratory for Research on Animal Diseases (ILRAD). Sera from cattle sampled in France were also tested. Cattle sera from France gave optical densities (OD) from 0.007 to 0.009 with three monoclonal antibodies against T. congolense, T. vivax and T. brucei. These OD values were well below 0.050, which is considered as a positive threshold OD reading. In the small ruminant experimental infections, the sensitivity of the test was 63.2% for T. congolense-infected animals and 9.9% for T. vivax-infected animals. The sensitivity of parasitological tests was ...
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Research Interests: Microbiology and World
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Herpes- and herpes-like viruses are known to infect a wide range of bivalve mollusc species throughout the world. Abnormal summer mortalities associated to the detection of ostreid herpesvirus 1 (OsHV-1) have been currently reported in... more
Herpes- and herpes-like viruses are known to infect a wide range of bivalve mollusc species throughout the world. Abnormal summer mortalities associated to the detection of ostreid herpesvirus 1 (OsHV-1) have been currently reported in France among larvae and spat of the Pacific cupped oyster Crassostrea gigas.In the present work, we have developed an experimental protocol of horizontal transmission based on the cohabitation between healthy and experimentally infected oysters. Through a cohabitation trial, the kinetics of OsHV-1 detection in different oyster organs and seawater samples were investigated and characterized for the first time using real time quantitative PCR.