Research Interests: Health Behavior, Research Design, Diet, Treatment Outcome, Counseling, and 15 moreRome, Humans, Behavior Therapy, Exercise, Risk factors, Clinical Sciences, Actigraphy, Time Factors, Risk Factors, Exercise Test, Exercise Tolerance, Motor activity, Surveys and Questionnaires, Sedentary Lifestyle, and Cardiovascular medicine and haematology
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The present study was carried out to investigate whether oral theophylline supplementation exerts an ergogenic effect during intermittent high-intensity exercise. Ten healthy subjects undertook intermittent exercise (1 min cycling at 120%... more
The present study was carried out to investigate whether oral theophylline supplementation exerts an ergogenic effect during intermittent high-intensity exercise. Ten healthy subjects undertook intermittent exercise (1 min cycling at 120% of VO(2max) with 3 min of recovery until exhaustion). The exercise test was repeated twice, 1 week apart. On each occasion, the subject ingested, in a double blind setting, either theophylline (4.5 mg/kg) or placebo 90 min before commencing the exercise test. Three subjects could not complete both trials due to nausea and dizziness after theophylline had been administered. Time to exhaustion in the remaining subjects was slightly increased after theophylline administration (55.9+/-6 min vs 59.3+/-5.9 min; p<0.05). Present data indicate that oral theophylline supplementation delays fatigue onset during intermittent high-intensity exercise. The effect, although statistically significant, does not appear to be marked. The possibility of occurrence ...
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We have used a constant [1,2-(13)C]acetate infusion (0.12 micromol x min(-1) x kg( 1)) for 2 h at rest, followed by 2 h of one-legged knee-extensor exercise at 65% of leg maximal workload, and 3 h of recovery in six post-absorptive... more
We have used a constant [1,2-(13)C]acetate infusion (0.12 micromol x min(-1) x kg( 1)) for 2 h at rest, followed by 2 h of one-legged knee-extensor exercise at 65% of leg maximal workload, and 3 h of recovery in six post-absorptive volunteers to quantify whole-body and leg acetate kinetics and determine whether the whole-body acetate correction factor can be used to correct leg substrate oxidation. The acetate whole-body rate of appearance (R(a)) was not significantly different at rest, during exercise or during recovery (365-415 micromol x min(-1)). The leg net acetate uptake was similar at rest and during recovery (approximately 10 micromol x min(-1)), but increased approximately 5-fold with exercise. At rest the leg acetate uptake (approximately 15 micromol x min(-1)) and release (approximately 5 micromol x min(-1)) accounted for 4 and 1.5 % of whole-body acetate disposal (R(d)) and R(a), respectively. When the leg acetate kinetics were extrapolated to the total body skeletal mus...
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Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2D) is a common age-related disease, and is a major health concern, particularly in developed countries where the population is aging, including Europe. The multi-scale immune system simulator for the onset of... more
Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2D) is a common age-related disease, and is a major health concern, particularly in developed countries where the population is aging, including Europe. The multi-scale immune system simulator for the onset of type 2 diabetes (MISSION-T2D) is a European Union-funded project that aims to develop and validate an integrated, multilevel, and patient-specific model, incorporating genetic, metabolic, and nutritional data for the simulation and prediction of metabolic and inflammatory processes in the onset and progression of T2D. The project will ultimately provide a tool for diagnosis and clinical decision making that can estimate the risk of developing T2D and predict its progression in response to possible therapies. Recent data showed that T2D and its complications, specifically in the heart, kidney, retina, and feet, should be considered a systemic disease that is sustained by a pervasive, metabolically-driven state of inflammation. Accordingly, there is an...
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Research Interests: Energy Metabolism, Humans, Insulin, Glucagon, Epinephrine, and 21 moreFatty acids, Low Dose, Clinical, Lipolysis, Male, Lipid metabolism, Triglycerides, Steady state, Norepinephrine, Clinical Sciences, Fat oxidation, Glycerol, Adult, Fatty Acid, Immune function, Side Effect, Recombinant Proteins, Oxygen Consumption, Oxidation-Reduction, Whole Body, and Interleukin
The protective effect of short-term creatine supplementation (CrS) upon markers of strenuous contractile activity-induced damage in human and rat skeletal muscles was investigated. Eight Ironman triathletes were randomized into the... more
The protective effect of short-term creatine supplementation (CrS) upon markers of strenuous contractile activity-induced damage in human and rat skeletal muscles was investigated. Eight Ironman triathletes were randomized into the placebo (Pl; n = 4) and creatine-supplemented (CrS; n = 4) groups. Five days prior to the Ironman competition, the CrS group received creatine monohydrate (20 g day(-1)) plus maltodextrin (50 g) divided in two equal doses. The Pl group received maltodextrin (50 g day(-1)) only. The effect of CrS (5 g day(-1)/kg body weight for 5 days) was also evaluated in a protocol of strenuous contractile activity induced by electrical stimulation in rats. Blood samples were collected before and 36 and 60 h after the competition and were used to determine plasma activities of creatine kinase (CK), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), aldolase (ALD), glutamic oxaloacetic acid transaminase (GOT), glutamic pyruvic acid transaminase (GPT), and C-reactive protein (CRP) level. In rats, plasma activities of CK and LDH, muscle vascular permeability (MVP) using Evans blue dye, muscle force and fatigue were evaluated. Activities of CK, ALD, LDH, GOT, GTP, and levels of CRP were increased in the Pl group after the competition as compared to basal values. CrS decreased plasma activities of CK, LDH, and ALD, and prevented the rise of GOT and GPT plasma activities. In rats, CrS delayed the fatigue, preserved the force, and prevented the rise of LDH and CK plasma activities and MVP in the gastrocnemius muscle. CrS presented a protective effect on muscle injury induced by strenuous contractile activities.
Research Interests: Skeletal muscle biology, Creatine, Humans, Animals, Blood sampling, and 20 moreMale, Dietary Supplements, Placebos, Creatine Kinase, European, C reactive protein, Skeletal Muscle, Rats, Adult, Time Factors, Muscle Fatigue, Muscle contraction, Body Weight, Wistar Rats, Biological markers, Muscle Force, Dietary Supplement, Lactate dehydrogenase, Vascular Permeability, and *Physical Exertion
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Research Interests: Kinetics, Type 2 Diabetes, Humans, Body Composition, Male, and 14 moreArm, Body Mass Index, Clinical Sciences, Middle Aged, Skeletal Muscle, Femoral Vein, Public health systems and services research, Leg, Fatty Acid, Lower limb, Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus, Reference Values, Blood Flow Velocity, and Palmitic Acid
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To investigate pyruvate dehydrogenase (PDH)-E1 sub- unit phosphorylation and whether free fatty acids (FFAs) regulate PDH activity, seven subjects completed two trials: saline (control) and intralipid/heparin (intralipid). Each infusion... more
To investigate pyruvate dehydrogenase (PDH)-E1 sub- unit phosphorylation and whether free fatty acids (FFAs) regulate PDH activity, seven subjects completed two trials: saline (control) and intralipid/heparin (intralipid). Each infusion trial consisted of a 4-h rest followed by a 3-h two-legged knee extensor exercise at moderate intensity. During the 4-h resting period, activity of PDH in the active form (PDHa) did