Alicja Nowak
Jagiellonian University, Polish-Ukrainian Studies, Faculty Member
Tragiczna historia człowieka, oficera, generała, dowódcy sił ONZ w prawdopodobnie najkrwawszym konflikcie końca XX wieku. Wielu żołnierzy zarówno przed nim, jak i po nim doznało zespołu stresu pourazowego, jednak Roméo Dallaire ucierpiał... more
Tragiczna historia człowieka, oficera, generała, dowódcy sił ONZ w prawdopodobnie najkrwawszym konflikcie końca XX wieku. Wielu żołnierzy zarówno przed nim, jak i po nim doznało zespołu stresu pourazowego, jednak Roméo Dallaire ucierpiał niejako do kwadratu jako bezpośredni świadek rzezi setek tysięcy ludzi oraz jako dowódca, który pomimo wszelkich starań nie mógł jej zapobiec. Przejmujący opis zmian w psychice, walki z samym sobą i systemem pokazuje, że każdy z nas może się kiedyś zmierzyć z tym problemem. Polecam. Generał brygady, pilot Tomasz Drewniak Przeżyć… i co dalej? To pytanie zadają sobie ci, którzy przetrwali. Mieli szczęście-myślimy. Teraz będą czerpać z życia garściami-myślimy. Teraz docenią każdą zwyczajną chwilę-myślimy. Hekatomba będzie jedynie mglistym, odległym wspomnieniem-myślimy. Ale ci, którzy przetrwali, nie spełniają naszych oczekiwań. Nie czują się szczęściarzami, nie potrafią cieszyć się życiem, miłością, bliskością drugiego człowieka. Bywają "trudni", okrutni, raniący. Bywają zrozpaczeni, przestraszeni. Niosą na swych barkach ciężar minionego koszmaru, który w ich przeżyciu powtarza się wciąż i wciąż na nowo, nie pozwalając zapomnieć, nie pozwalając znaleźć ukojenia. O tym właśnie opowiada kanadyjski generał Roméo Dallaire. Poprzez upublicznienie informacji na temat swojego cierpienia z powodu PTSD daje też nadzieję, że można zwrócić się o pomoc; pokazuje, że przyznanie się do problemów nie jest wyrazem słabości, a odwagi. "Moc bowiem w słabości się doskonali".
Research Interests:
W maju 2021 roku minęło 30 lat od powołania przez Metropolitę Warszawskiego i całej Polski – z inicjatywy ks. mitrata Leoncjusza Tofiluka – Szkoły Ikonograficznej przy Parafii Archanioła Michała w Bielsku Podlaskim. W marcu 1995 roku... more
W maju 2021 roku minęło 30 lat od powołania przez Metropolitę Warszawskiego i całej Polski – z inicjatywy ks. mitrata Leoncjusza Tofiluka – Szkoły Ikonograficznej przy Parafii Archanioła Michała w Bielsku Podlaskim. W marcu 1995 roku Szkoła została przekształcona w Policealne Studium Ikonograficzne, rok później wpisane do krajowej ewidencji niepublicznych szkół artystycznych. Organem prowadzącym Studium jest niezmiennie Parafia Archanioła Michała, a nadzór pedagogiczny nad działalnością szkoły sprawuje Ministerstwo Kultury i Dziedzictwa
Narodowego. Pragnąc uczcić zarówno jubileusz tej jedynej w swoim rodzaju Szkoły, jak też bogatą działalność jej wychowanków, mając na uwadze niezwykłe ożywienie w Polsce i na świecie samej praktyki tworzenia prawosławnych fresków, ikon, grafiki, mozaik i witraży, a także naukowych badań nad historią, teorią i teologicznym zapleczem wschodniochrześcijańskiej ikonografii, redakcja dedykuje kolejny –
dwunasty – tom „Latopisów” tej właśnie tematyce i ludziom, szczególnie zasłużonym w dziele wykonywania, zachowania i właściwego rozumienia prawosławnej sztuki sakralnej. W tomie dokumentujemy osiągnięcia krajowych i zagranicznych ikonografów, zwłaszcza działających w powojennej Polsce. Włączamy się do dyskusji metodologicznych, śledzimy ciągłość tradycji pierwszej Rzeczypospolitej, odsłaniamy bogactwo inspiracji i niepowtarzalności syntez artystycznych na całym
tradycyjnym obszarze Pax Bizantino-Slava i w emigracyjnych enklawach.
Jako zagadnienie szczegółowe traktujemy spuściznę artystyczną Adama Stalony-Dobrzańskiego – pioniera powojennej ikonografii, wybitnego grafika, liternika i witrażysty. W tomie znalazło się sześć poświęconych mu prac ze szczególnym wyróżnieniem dokonań artysty w Gródku, Michałowie i Przemkowie. Tematyka numeru jest jednorodna, lecz rozległa, dotyczy różnorodnych relacji zachodzących między obrazem i słowem, przy czym obraz jest rozumiany jako wyrażenie idei oraz jako ilustracja, natomiast słowo obejmuje całokształt wypowiedzi werbalnych, stanowiących inspirację, kontekst lub element obrazowego przedstawienia. Pole badawcze rozszerzają prace dotyczące napisów funeralnych i fotografii.
Nie wszystkie zamiary udało się w tomie zrealizować, np. brak omówienia fenomenu obozów i kursów ikonograficznych, zaangażowania w poznawanie i tworzenie sztuki cerkiewnej przez dzieci i młodzież, inicjatyw hierarchii i duchowieństwa, rynku wydawniczego czy aktywności nieprawosławnych miłośników i znawców wschodniej ikonografii. Ale zgromadzone tutaj prace bez wątpienia są cennym wkładem do badań ikonologicznych i kulturologicznych, a zarazem hołdem złożonym bielskiej Szkole i polskim współczesnym ikonografom. Kolejne tomy zostaną poświęcone muzyce, hymnografii i architekturze, rozszerzając tym zakres studiów nad szeroko rozumianą duchowością prawosławną.
Narodowego. Pragnąc uczcić zarówno jubileusz tej jedynej w swoim rodzaju Szkoły, jak też bogatą działalność jej wychowanków, mając na uwadze niezwykłe ożywienie w Polsce i na świecie samej praktyki tworzenia prawosławnych fresków, ikon, grafiki, mozaik i witraży, a także naukowych badań nad historią, teorią i teologicznym zapleczem wschodniochrześcijańskiej ikonografii, redakcja dedykuje kolejny –
dwunasty – tom „Latopisów” tej właśnie tematyce i ludziom, szczególnie zasłużonym w dziele wykonywania, zachowania i właściwego rozumienia prawosławnej sztuki sakralnej. W tomie dokumentujemy osiągnięcia krajowych i zagranicznych ikonografów, zwłaszcza działających w powojennej Polsce. Włączamy się do dyskusji metodologicznych, śledzimy ciągłość tradycji pierwszej Rzeczypospolitej, odsłaniamy bogactwo inspiracji i niepowtarzalności syntez artystycznych na całym
tradycyjnym obszarze Pax Bizantino-Slava i w emigracyjnych enklawach.
Jako zagadnienie szczegółowe traktujemy spuściznę artystyczną Adama Stalony-Dobrzańskiego – pioniera powojennej ikonografii, wybitnego grafika, liternika i witrażysty. W tomie znalazło się sześć poświęconych mu prac ze szczególnym wyróżnieniem dokonań artysty w Gródku, Michałowie i Przemkowie. Tematyka numeru jest jednorodna, lecz rozległa, dotyczy różnorodnych relacji zachodzących między obrazem i słowem, przy czym obraz jest rozumiany jako wyrażenie idei oraz jako ilustracja, natomiast słowo obejmuje całokształt wypowiedzi werbalnych, stanowiących inspirację, kontekst lub element obrazowego przedstawienia. Pole badawcze rozszerzają prace dotyczące napisów funeralnych i fotografii.
Nie wszystkie zamiary udało się w tomie zrealizować, np. brak omówienia fenomenu obozów i kursów ikonograficznych, zaangażowania w poznawanie i tworzenie sztuki cerkiewnej przez dzieci i młodzież, inicjatyw hierarchii i duchowieństwa, rynku wydawniczego czy aktywności nieprawosławnych miłośników i znawców wschodniej ikonografii. Ale zgromadzone tutaj prace bez wątpienia są cennym wkładem do badań ikonologicznych i kulturologicznych, a zarazem hołdem złożonym bielskiej Szkole i polskim współczesnym ikonografom. Kolejne tomy zostaną poświęcone muzyce, hymnografii i architekturze, rozszerzając tym zakres studiów nad szeroko rozumianą duchowością prawosławną.
Research Interests:
The war in Ukraine has not only affected the political, economic, social, and cultural systems but also the education and schooling system. The full-scale assault of the Russian Federation on Ukrainian territory on 24 February 2022... more
The war in Ukraine has not only affected the political, economic, social, and cultural systems but also the education and schooling system. The full-scale assault of the Russian Federation on Ukrainian territory on 24 February 2022 disrupted the teaching and research systems. The necessity of finding scholarly answers to tough questions about the situation of the universities – their academic staff and students – during the war, the solidarity attitude of universities in foreign countries, and the status of Ukrainian Studies are the causes of preparing this publication. The value of this volume is that the authors of most of the articles are specialists and theorists of the subject, at the same time observers and witnesses of the events and processes described, often actively involved in them.
Research Interests:
Bieżący numer Latopisów Akademii Supraskiej wychodzi w roku dwóchsetnego jubileuszu kanonizacji Gabriela Młodzieńca oraz siedemdziesiątej piątej rocznicy męczeńskiej śmierci prawosławnych mieszkańców powiatu Bielsk Podlaski, wyniesionych... more
Bieżący numer Latopisów Akademii Supraskiej wychodzi w roku dwóchsetnego jubileuszu kanonizacji Gabriela Młodzieńca oraz siedemdziesiątej piątej rocznicy męczeńskiej śmierci prawosławnych mieszkańców powiatu Bielsk Podlaski, wyniesionych na ołtarze w 2020 roku przez Polską Cerkiew Prawosławną (w tym kilkoro dzieci i młodzież). Upamiętnione zostało także 600-lecie śmierci wybitne�go metropolity kijowskiego – Grzegorza (Cambłaka).
Tom poświęcony jest szeroko rozumianej problematyce dziecięcej i młodzieżowej. Artykuły noszą charakter języko-, literaturo- i religioznawczy, kilka dotyczy ikonografii. Tematyka szczegółowa obejmuje literaturę biblijną związaną z dziećmi, kwestie terminologii, hagiologii, dydaktyki religii oraz wizerunków dziecięcych w sztuce wczesnochrześcijańskiej i prawosławnej. Część studiów przybliża tajniki obrzędów liturgicznych dedykowanych dzieciom w Kościele wschodnim.
W tym numerze wyodrębniony został dział Debiuty, gdzie publikowane są
pierwsze prace badawcze młodych adeptów nauki, a także dział Źródła i konteksty, zawierający materiały dokumentalne wraz z sytuującymi je historycznie opracowaniami naukowymi.
W ramach postępującego aktualnie otwierania się nauki na pozauniwersytecką przestrzeń publiczną udział w tomie wzięli nie tylko pracownicy akademiccy z różnych ośrodków krajowych i zagranicznych, lecz również badacze spoza instytucji naukowych.
Tom poświęcony jest szeroko rozumianej problematyce dziecięcej i młodzieżowej. Artykuły noszą charakter języko-, literaturo- i religioznawczy, kilka dotyczy ikonografii. Tematyka szczegółowa obejmuje literaturę biblijną związaną z dziećmi, kwestie terminologii, hagiologii, dydaktyki religii oraz wizerunków dziecięcych w sztuce wczesnochrześcijańskiej i prawosławnej. Część studiów przybliża tajniki obrzędów liturgicznych dedykowanych dzieciom w Kościele wschodnim.
W tym numerze wyodrębniony został dział Debiuty, gdzie publikowane są
pierwsze prace badawcze młodych adeptów nauki, a także dział Źródła i konteksty, zawierający materiały dokumentalne wraz z sytuującymi je historycznie opracowaniami naukowymi.
W ramach postępującego aktualnie otwierania się nauki na pozauniwersytecką przestrzeń publiczną udział w tomie wzięli nie tylko pracownicy akademiccy z różnych ośrodków krajowych i zagranicznych, lecz również badacze spoza instytucji naukowych.
Research Interests:
One of the most significant changes in Polish historical studies after 1989 has been the increased interest in restoring the memory about the multicultural traditions of the Former Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth. The liberation of Poland... more
One of the most significant changes in Polish historical studies after 1989
has been the increased interest in restoring the memory about the multicultural traditions of the Former Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth. The liberation of Poland from Russian influence and the independence of Lithuania, Ukraine and Belarus have opened a new chapter not only in the
political history of Europe and the world, but also in research on the cultural heritage of these nations. Today, it is possible to ask questions about
the common heritage of Ruthenians and Poles, on top of their distinctiveness, autonomy and independence. Today, it is possible to objectively assess the originality of the Orthodox culture in the Commonwealth, in addition to its dependence on other Orthodox intellectual centers as well as models of Western civilization. Researchers from Poland and abroad, young scientists and experienced specialists, representatives of the academia, the so called academic social environment and independent researchers have been helping us in the search for answers to these difficult questions for years.
We believe that the thus formed broad and international team of scholars
representing various scientific disciplines and methods, confessional and
cultural traditions, and having different professional and life experiences,
is able to fully recreate the obliterated pages of common history of the now
separate nations: Poles, Lithuanians, Ukrainians and Belarusians.
Studies on Eastern Churches Culture within the Borders of the Former Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth, as a separate issue of "Perspectives on Culture" follows two monographic editions from 2016 and 2019, prepared on the initiative of researchers of the Polish-Ukrainian Studies Department at the Faculty of International and Political Studies at the Jagiellonian University. This volume, co-created by historians, cultural scientists, literary scholars, and art historians from Poland, Ukraine, Belarus, Germany, France and Italy, is dedicated to the memory of Ihor Skochylias, Professor of the Ukrainian Catholic University in L’viv (https://czasopisma.ignatianum.edu.pl/pk/issue/view/169).
has been the increased interest in restoring the memory about the multicultural traditions of the Former Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth. The liberation of Poland from Russian influence and the independence of Lithuania, Ukraine and Belarus have opened a new chapter not only in the
political history of Europe and the world, but also in research on the cultural heritage of these nations. Today, it is possible to ask questions about
the common heritage of Ruthenians and Poles, on top of their distinctiveness, autonomy and independence. Today, it is possible to objectively assess the originality of the Orthodox culture in the Commonwealth, in addition to its dependence on other Orthodox intellectual centers as well as models of Western civilization. Researchers from Poland and abroad, young scientists and experienced specialists, representatives of the academia, the so called academic social environment and independent researchers have been helping us in the search for answers to these difficult questions for years.
We believe that the thus formed broad and international team of scholars
representing various scientific disciplines and methods, confessional and
cultural traditions, and having different professional and life experiences,
is able to fully recreate the obliterated pages of common history of the now
separate nations: Poles, Lithuanians, Ukrainians and Belarusians.
Studies on Eastern Churches Culture within the Borders of the Former Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth, as a separate issue of "Perspectives on Culture" follows two monographic editions from 2016 and 2019, prepared on the initiative of researchers of the Polish-Ukrainian Studies Department at the Faculty of International and Political Studies at the Jagiellonian University. This volume, co-created by historians, cultural scientists, literary scholars, and art historians from Poland, Ukraine, Belarus, Germany, France and Italy, is dedicated to the memory of Ihor Skochylias, Professor of the Ukrainian Catholic University in L’viv (https://czasopisma.ignatianum.edu.pl/pk/issue/view/169).
Research Interests: Iconography, Ukrainian Studies, Greek-Catholic Churches, Orthodox Christianity, History of the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth, and 6 moreUkrainian Literature, Polemics - religion, Ruthenian Art, Polish-Ruthenian Border, Baroque Art and Architecture in Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth, and Kyivan Metropolitanate
The dissertation discussed the religious revival program carried out in the Metropolitanate of Kyiv, whose important, if not the most important, part was the renewal of the priesthood, and the main tool became the book (primarily printed).
Research Interests: Manuscripts and Early Printed Books, Ukrainian Studies, Moral Theology, Pastoral Theology, Printing History, and 9 moreLiturgical Theology, Ukrainian Baroque Literature, Priesthood, Old Ruthenian Culture, Counterreformation, History of the Orthodox Church, Ukrainian Greek Catholic Church, Culture of the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth, and Kyivan Metropolitanate
Research Interests:
Research Interests:
Research Interests:
Research Interests:
The dissertation discussed the religious revival program carried out in the Metropolitanate of Kiev, whose important, if not the most important, part was the renewal of the priesthood, and the main tool became the book (primarily printed).
Research Interests:
Research Interests:
Research Interests: Ukrainian Studies, Orthodox Theology, Baroque Art and Literature, Eschatology, Church Slavonic literature, and 7 moreUkraine Literature, Slavonic Old printed books, Ruthenian Literature, Polish-Ruthenian Border, Ukrainian Studies Ukrainian Church History Slavonic Old printed books Chrstian Iconography, Ruthenian Old Prints, and Culture of the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth
Orthodox education and printing developed in the Kyiv Metropolitanate in the second half of the 16th century. Educational centers that were established at that time needed educated human resources and books that could become the basis of... more
Orthodox education and printing developed in the Kyiv Metropolitanate
in the second half of the 16th century. Educational centers that were
established at that time needed educated human resources and books that could become the basis of education. At that time the role of a textbook played Church books (psalters, orologions, oktoechos), which became multifunctional already in the Middle Ages and also first printed primers and grammars, containing carefully selected excerpts, e.g. from Holy Scripture and other religious books.
The analysis of the pedagogical content that accompanied the editions
of school and church books in the form of a paratext shows that the first
stage of educating children, as in old Christian times, involved the transfer of knowledge and skills, and at the same time – shaping of piety.
Therefore, most of the comments in the form of preface, letters of
dedication and other additional elements were addressed to educators,
parents, mainly fathers, and served as a guide through the book, indicating
the material contained therein, its function, purpose, use (e.g. order of books) and possible impact on young student.
in the second half of the 16th century. Educational centers that were
established at that time needed educated human resources and books that could become the basis of education. At that time the role of a textbook played Church books (psalters, orologions, oktoechos), which became multifunctional already in the Middle Ages and also first printed primers and grammars, containing carefully selected excerpts, e.g. from Holy Scripture and other religious books.
The analysis of the pedagogical content that accompanied the editions
of school and church books in the form of a paratext shows that the first
stage of educating children, as in old Christian times, involved the transfer of knowledge and skills, and at the same time – shaping of piety.
Therefore, most of the comments in the form of preface, letters of
dedication and other additional elements were addressed to educators,
parents, mainly fathers, and served as a guide through the book, indicating
the material contained therein, its function, purpose, use (e.g. order of books) and possible impact on young student.
Research Interests:
Graphics appeared in liturgical books in the Kyiv Metropolitanate in the 17th Century. Some of them were aids for celebrants, as they complemented the textual commentary in the liturgical rubrics and fulfilled a practical role. In the... more
Graphics appeared in liturgical books in the Kyiv Metropolitanate in the
17th Century. Some of them were aids for celebrants, as they complemented the textual commentary in the liturgical rubrics and fulfilled a practical role. In the article, we analyze the representations of communion paten/discos (sometimes with additional textual instructions) that were found in liturgiarions in the first half of the mentioned above century. An analysis of these sources shows that the celebrant may have had many problems in liturgical practice due to:
– ritual variety;
– different systems of understanding the right and left sides in the
description of the correct arrangement of the bread on the discos in
liturgical rubrics;
– a different perspective adopted in the graphic diagram and in the
text description in the rubrics (the perspective of the priest looking
at the paten or vice versa);
– mismatch between the „word“ in the rubrics and the „image“ (sometimes with additional text instruction on the understanding of the right and left sides).
Thus, the rubrics commentary itself did not guarantee the correct understanding of the directions and, in consequence the correct arrangement of the particles. Precise indication of them was possible with the help of a graphical diagram intended to be recreated in reality, and the accompanying instruction which confirmed that the figure should be treated as a model
17th Century. Some of them were aids for celebrants, as they complemented the textual commentary in the liturgical rubrics and fulfilled a practical role. In the article, we analyze the representations of communion paten/discos (sometimes with additional textual instructions) that were found in liturgiarions in the first half of the mentioned above century. An analysis of these sources shows that the celebrant may have had many problems in liturgical practice due to:
– ritual variety;
– different systems of understanding the right and left sides in the
description of the correct arrangement of the bread on the discos in
liturgical rubrics;
– a different perspective adopted in the graphic diagram and in the
text description in the rubrics (the perspective of the priest looking
at the paten or vice versa);
– mismatch between the „word“ in the rubrics and the „image“ (sometimes with additional text instruction on the understanding of the right and left sides).
Thus, the rubrics commentary itself did not guarantee the correct understanding of the directions and, in consequence the correct arrangement of the particles. Precise indication of them was possible with the help of a graphical diagram intended to be recreated in reality, and the accompanying instruction which confirmed that the figure should be treated as a model
Research Interests:
The historical predecessors of the today’s Ukrainian Catholic University were the Greek-Catholic Theological Academy founded in 1928 in Lviv by Metropolitan Andrey Sheptytsky, and the Ukrainian Catholic University of St. Clemens the Pope... more
The historical predecessors of the today’s Ukrainian Catholic University
were the Greek-Catholic Theological Academy founded in 1928 in Lviv by
Metropolitan Andrey Sheptytsky, and the Ukrainian Catholic University of
St. Clemens the Pope in Rome, established by Metropolitan Josyf Slipyj in
December 1963, after his release from the Soviet imprisonment. In 1994, the Lviv Theological Academy was restored in the independent Ukraine, and in 2002 it was transformed into a university. The very name of the institution reflects the three consecutive stages of its history. As first, during the interwar period, when Western Ukraine was within the borders of Poland, the principal task was to provide Ukrainian youth with a possibility to pursue higher studies in their native language. During the Soviet period, when the Greek-Catholic Church in Ukraine was banned and persecuted, the top priority was to maintain links with the Catholic world. Nowadays, in the independent Ukraine, the UCU seeks to become a new type of university offering an alternative to the post-Soviet educational approach and forming leaders to serve with professional excellence in Ukraine and internationally – for the glory of God, the common good, and the dignity of the human person.
were the Greek-Catholic Theological Academy founded in 1928 in Lviv by
Metropolitan Andrey Sheptytsky, and the Ukrainian Catholic University of
St. Clemens the Pope in Rome, established by Metropolitan Josyf Slipyj in
December 1963, after his release from the Soviet imprisonment. In 1994, the Lviv Theological Academy was restored in the independent Ukraine, and in 2002 it was transformed into a university. The very name of the institution reflects the three consecutive stages of its history. As first, during the interwar period, when Western Ukraine was within the borders of Poland, the principal task was to provide Ukrainian youth with a possibility to pursue higher studies in their native language. During the Soviet period, when the Greek-Catholic Church in Ukraine was banned and persecuted, the top priority was to maintain links with the Catholic world. Nowadays, in the independent Ukraine, the UCU seeks to become a new type of university offering an alternative to the post-Soviet educational approach and forming leaders to serve with professional excellence in Ukraine and internationally – for the glory of God, the common good, and the dignity of the human person.
Research Interests:
The Word about the Akathist analyzed in the article is part of the eighteenth-century (post 1791) collection of homilies, known as Damascenus neobulgaricus, stored in the Jagiellonian Library in Krakow, which comes from the Berlin... more
The Word about the Akathist analyzed in the article is part of the eighteenth-century (post 1791) collection of homilies, known as Damascenus neobulgaricus, stored in the Jagiellonian Library in Krakow, which comes from the Berlin collection, which is part of the collection of the former Prussian State Library in Berlin (BJ Berl. Slav. Fol. 36). The codex contains texts mostly translated into New Bulgarian from Damascene’s popular Greek-language collection Thesauros (Θησαυρός), published in Venice in 1557–1558. Some of the sermons were added to the damaskin from Georgios Sougdoris’s hagiographic collection Νέος Θησαυρὸς (Venice 1672). The Word about the Akathist appeared in the second collection, however, it was known in Greek and Church Slavonic literature many centuries earlier, constituting the synaxarion of the Lenten Triodon for the 5th Saturday of Lent, called the Akathist Saturday. The origin of the sermon requires further research. It tells an interesting story about three episodes of fights between the inhabitants of Constantinople and the barbarians besieging the city in the 6th–7th century, which, after the miraculous intervention of the Mother of God, ended victoriously for the Christians. The central figure of the sermon is Patriarch Sergius, shown as a propagator of the cult of the protection of the Mother of God and a spiritual leader who introduced the Akathistos hymn to liturgical practice.
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Jedną z bardziej znaczących zmian w polskich studiach historycznych po 1989 r. jest wzrost zainteresowania tematami przywracającymi pamięć o wielokulturowej tradycji dawnej Rzeczypospolitej. Uwolnienie Polski spod rosyjskiej strefy... more
Jedną z bardziej znaczących zmian w polskich studiach historycznych po 1989 r. jest wzrost zainteresowania tematami przywracającymi pamięć o wielokulturowej tradycji dawnej Rzeczypospolitej. Uwolnienie Polski spod rosyjskiej strefy wpływów i uzyskanie niepodległości przez Litwę, Ukrainę i Białoruś otworzyły nowy rozdział nie tylko w dziejach politycznych Europy i świata, ale także w badaniach nad dziedzictwem kulturowym tych narodów. Dziś możliwe jest stawianie pytań zarówno na temat wspólnoty dziedzictwa Rusinów i Polaków, jak też ich odrębności, autonomiczności i niezależności, dziś możliwa jest obiektywna ocena oryginalności kultury cerkiewnej w Rzeczypospolitej, jak i jej zależności od innych prawosławnych centrów intelektualnych oraz wzorców cywilizacji zachodniej. W poszukiwaniu odpowiedzi na te niełatwe pytania od lat pomagają nam badacze z Polski i z zagranicy, młodzi naukowcy oraz doświadczeni specjaliści, reprezentanci środowiska uniwersyteckiego, tzw. otoczenia społeczneg...
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W zbiorach Narodowego Muzeum im. Andrzeja Szeptyckiego we Lwowie znajduje się rękopiśmienny, łacińskojęzyczny sześciotomowy Dziennik unickiego biskupa Maksymiliana Ryłły (ok. 1715–1793), który dotąd nie stał się przedmiotem głębszych... more
W zbiorach Narodowego Muzeum im. Andrzeja Szeptyckiego we Lwowie znajduje się rękopiśmienny, łacińskojęzyczny sześciotomowy Dziennik unickiego biskupa Maksymiliana Ryłły (ok. 1715–1793), który dotąd nie stał się przedmiotem głębszych naukowych badań i starań edycyjnych. Dzieło obejmuje okres od 1742 do 1793 r., który był rokiem śmierci jego autora. W naszej publikacji proponujemy czytelnikom zapoznanie się z początkowym fragmentem pierwszego tomu (lata l742–1756) Dziennika Maksymiliana Ryłły, który przedstawia wydarzenia z roku 1742/1743.
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Sobraniye prypadkov – dialog gatunkowo zbliżony do katechizmu, opublikowany w supraskiej typografii w 1722 r., powstał pod redakcyjną opieką Leona Kiszki – metropolity kijowskiego, intelektualisty, nauczyciela, tłumacza, redaktora i... more
Sobraniye prypadkov – dialog gatunkowo zbliżony do katechizmu, opublikowany w supraskiej typografii w 1722 r., powstał pod redakcyjną opieką Leona Kiszki – metropolity kijowskiego, intelektualisty, nauczyciela, tłumacza, redaktora i autora wielu dzieł, hierarchy – reformatora związanego z synodem zamojskim (1720), tak ważnym dla Kościoła zjednoczonego z Rzymem. Trudno określić, w jakim stopniu Kiszka był zaangażowany w przygotowanie Sobraniya adresowanego do konsekrowanych odbiorców, ale nie ulega wątpliwości, że był autorem siedmiostronicowej przedmowy do tego wydania. Ten otwierający ramę wydawniczą księgi paratekst został potraktowany przez biskupa jako skuteczny kanał przekazu nauk dla duchowieństwa. Z funkcjonalnego punktu widzenia przedmowa jest nie tylko wprowadzeniem do pracy, ale okazuje się formacyjnym pouczeniem dla duchowieństwa. Twórczo nawiązuje do dawnych i nowszych nauk dla kapłanów. Metropolita wybrał z nich znane wątki, argumenty i motywy, ale pogłębił swój wywód, ...
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W XVII wieku ruskie typografie metropolii kijowskiej najczęściej drukowały księgi religijne, głównie cerkiewne a niekiedy okolicznościowe. Wyróżniała je na ogół bogata rama wydawnicza, zwłaszcza wielość otwierających ją tekstów... more
W XVII wieku ruskie typografie metropolii kijowskiej najczęściej drukowały księgi religijne, głównie cerkiewne a niekiedy okolicznościowe. Wyróżniała je na ogół bogata rama wydawnicza, zwłaszcza wielość otwierających ją tekstów towarzyszących. Zgodnie z obowiązującą konwencją bardzo popularne były przedmowy i dedykacje, spełniające różne role (propagandowe, polemiczne, dydaktyczne1). Laudacyjne listy i wiersze na ogół pisane były przez osoby duchowne i najczęściej adresowane do świeckich dostojników: mecenasów, inicjatorów wydań, dla przykładu dedykacje wileńskiego bractwa kierowane były do przedstawicieli takich rodów jak Ogińscy, Stetkiewiczowie, czy Kisiele2; tak samo w edycjach kijowsko-pieczerskich3 i bractwa lwowskiego4. Mniej liczne były typografie należące do świeckich wydawców, stąd zachowało się znacznie mniej adresów pochodzących z tłoczonych przez nich ksiąg. Jednak i tu przeważały listy dedykacyjne do świeckich patronów5. Nieco rzadziej w tej kategorii druków adresatami...
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Artykuł dotyczy kwestii władzy i odpowiedzialności biskupiej. Bazę źródłową stanowią modlitwy konsekracyjne, nauki oraz przysięgi biskupiej chirotonii, a także kazania i traktaty z kijowskiej metropolii do początku XVIII w. Pojęcie władza... more
Artykuł dotyczy kwestii władzy i odpowiedzialności biskupiej. Bazę źródłową stanowią modlitwy konsekracyjne, nauki oraz przysięgi biskupiej chirotonii, a także kazania i traktaty z kijowskiej metropolii do początku XVIII w. Pojęcie władza zostało użyte w dwóch zasadniczych znaczeniach. Pierwsze wskazuje na jurysdykcyjny wymiar władzy biskupa, która jest ograniczona do terytorium danej eparchii i obejmuje wyświęcanie diakonów, prezbiterów, świątyń, antimensionów i chryzmy. Drugie znaczenie jest związane z „rządem dusz”. Biskup, jako pasterz, jest nauczycielem, lekarzem, sędzią, strażnikiem i obrońcą. We wszystkich tych pełnomocnictwach władyka powinien być odpowiedzialnym przywódcą duchowym i moralnym autorytetem. Biskupstwo jest zaszczytem, ale kandydat na biskupa, co doskonale ilustruje modlitwa konsekracji, musi być gotów na brzemię i trudy, nie zaś na przywileje i bogactwo.
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Головним завданням паратекстів (листів-присвят, передмов тощо), якими зазвичай розпочиналися кириличні книги, надруковані у Київській митрополії, було уславлення меценатів цих видань. Здійснений у статті аналіз показує, що ці тексти... more
Головним завданням паратекстів (листів-присвят, передмов тощо), якими зазвичай розпочиналися кириличні книги, надруковані у Київській митрополії, було уславлення меценатів цих видань. Здійснений у статті аналіз показує, що ці тексти розглядалися їхніми авторами як медіум пам’яті, опираючись на який будувалася колективна ідентичність тогочасного руського суспільства. Її основою було спеціально змодельоване бачення історії, яке ставало підґрунтям для інтерпретації та пояснення актуальних релігійних, культурних і навіть політичних подій.
Michał Ślozka - lwowski drukarz był autorem wielu paratekstów (przedmowy, listy dedykacyjne, wiersze herbowe) w cyrylickich religijnych księgach, głównie liturgicznego charakteru. Były to księgi drukowane z własnej inicjatywy typografa i... more
Michał Ślozka - lwowski drukarz był autorem wielu paratekstów (przedmowy, listy dedykacyjne, wiersze herbowe) w cyrylickich religijnych księgach, głównie liturgicznego charakteru. Były to księgi drukowane z własnej inicjatywy typografa i przygotowane w jego własnej drukarni oraz te, które realizował na zamówienie dla lwowskiego prawosławnego bractwa. Czytelnik (głównie duchowieństwo) czerpał z nich wiedzę na temat roli księgi w życiu religijnym, duchowym i kulturalno-oświatowym, uczył się szacunku dla ksiąg i wiedzy. Poznawał twórców najważniejszych ksiąg wykorzystywanych w cerkwi i tych przeznaczonych do indywidualnej modlitwy lub pogłębiania chrześcijańskiej formacji. Działalność Ślozki niewątpliwie sprzyjała odnowie życia religijnego i kulturalnego w metropolii kijowskiej, dlatego warto zwrócić uwagę na jej wieloaspektowe przejawy i pogłębić wiedzę na temat tego świeckiego reformatora cerkiewnego.
Mikhail Slozka - Lviv printer was the author od many paratexts (prefaces, letters of dedications, heraldic verses) in Cyryllic religious books, mainly liturgical ones. There were books printed on their own initiative and prepared in his typography and those ordered by local Orthodox brotherhood. The reader (mostly clergyman), gained form them knowledge about the role of the book in religious, spiritual and cultural-educational life, he learned respect for books and knowledge. He got to know the creators of the most important books used in the Church and those intended for individual prayer and deepening of the Christian formation. The activities of Ślozka undoubtedly favored the renewal of religious and cultural life in the metropolitanate of Kyiv and are worth further scientific research.
Mikhail Slozka - Lviv printer was the author od many paratexts (prefaces, letters of dedications, heraldic verses) in Cyryllic religious books, mainly liturgical ones. There were books printed on their own initiative and prepared in his typography and those ordered by local Orthodox brotherhood. The reader (mostly clergyman), gained form them knowledge about the role of the book in religious, spiritual and cultural-educational life, he learned respect for books and knowledge. He got to know the creators of the most important books used in the Church and those intended for individual prayer and deepening of the Christian formation. The activities of Ślozka undoubtedly favored the renewal of religious and cultural life in the metropolitanate of Kyiv and are worth further scientific research.
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The text of front and back matter in religious prints (including the liturgical one) were composed by laity and clergy authors who were selecting their content, so that they are useful for the recipient of these books. Lay speakers... more
The text of front and back matter in religious prints (including the liturgical one) were composed by laity and clergy authors who were selecting their content, so that they are useful for the recipient of these books. Lay speakers undertook theological issues, ritual and liturgical even in dedications to lay patrons. Dedications written and directed by the hierarchy to lay patrons often praised their constancy in faith and defense of the Church, sometimes laudation was redirected to the clerical representative of the family. In many prefaces and prayer dedications exposed figure of the king as the patron of the Orthodox Church, in the 2nd half of 17th century on the Left-Bank Ukraine - tsar.
Secular elements in the books of this type, it is also enhancements to the popular literary conventions, e.g. converting heraldic verses, or title formula of dedication to prayer. There is therefore clear tendency that the content of the text referred to the fundamental issues of edited book, takes into account its function and the spiritual, intellectual and educational needs of its established audience.
Secular elements in the books of this type, it is also enhancements to the popular literary conventions, e.g. converting heraldic verses, or title formula of dedication to prayer. There is therefore clear tendency that the content of the text referred to the fundamental issues of edited book, takes into account its function and the spiritual, intellectual and educational needs of its established audience.
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Kyryl Trankvilion Stavrovetskyi’s Uczytelnoje Jewanhelie made a significant contribution to the reform of the Orthodox Church in the early 17th century. In this paper, we show that preacher calling for renewal of the intellectual,... more
Kyryl Trankvilion Stavrovetskyi’s Uczytelnoje Jewanhelie made a significant contribution to the reform of the Orthodox Church in the early 17th century. In this paper, we show that preacher calling for renewal of the intellectual, disciplinary and ethical in the Metropolitanate of Kyiv undertook a number of threads that far (and even long afterwards) were the subject of teaching addressed by bishop to priests (mainly synodal and of chirotony). It is significant that the moralist, very often gave to them new interpretation: raising ethical issues, he most strongly linked it with the problem of priestly teaching. Similar recognition of the problems can be seen in later teachings for priests.
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Moralists over several centuries devoted much attention to the problem of binge drinking. Regardless of age condemning this sin, commonly emphasizing as extremely dangerous source of other serious blames. The sin was particularly... more
Moralists over several centuries devoted much attention to the problem of binge drinking. Regardless of age condemning this sin, commonly emphasizing as extremely dangerous source of other serious blames. The sin was particularly discussed in the context of the spiritual ministry of sinful priest. Especially teachers from the revival of the Orthodox times of early 17th century, often used to point out the contradiction, that exists between the ideal of the Christian priesthood and the need to bear witness to the truth of life and words and abuse of alcohol, which is its explicit denial, degrades morally, leads to ridicule and is the reason for scandal and even sin faithful. New to the printed sources from this period, is much stronger link with the specific problem of drunkenness and negligence of priest as celebrant, minister of the sacraments, especially the servant of the words and the teacher. It was connected with the then desire to rebuild priestly formation.
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Lviv typographies in the first half of the seventeenth century made efforts to promote and increase the level of teaching in the Kyiv Metropolitanate. Reformers from Lviv led a crusade to renew the custom of proclaiming the Word of God,... more
Lviv typographies in the first half of the seventeenth century made efforts to promote and increase the level of teaching in the Kyiv Metropolitanate. Reformers from Lviv led a crusade to renew the custom of proclaiming the Word of God, including through the selection and printing of appropriate patristic translation works and various church books, which were escorted by paratexts, intended for priests (including for church teachers). They also put a lot of effort into the formation of teachers, characterized by an appropriate level of knowledge and moral values.
These efforts were an important part of the reform also undertaken in other educational and publishing centers (or by independent publishers) and directed at the revival of the priest's teaching service in the Kyiv Metropolitanate
These efforts were an important part of the reform also undertaken in other educational and publishing centers (or by independent publishers) and directed at the revival of the priest's teaching service in the Kyiv Metropolitanate
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Działalność wydawnicza ruskich typografii wpływała na rozwój religijny i kulturalny w metropolii kijowskiej. Sprzyjała mu również aktywność pisarska i wydawnicza Michała Ślozki. Drukowane przez niego laudacje dla biskupów, zaangażowanych... more
Działalność wydawnicza ruskich typografii wpływała na rozwój religijny i kulturalny w metropolii kijowskiej. Sprzyjała mu również aktywność pisarska i wydawnicza Michała Ślozki. Drukowane przez niego laudacje dla biskupów, zaangażowanych w rozwój duchowy i umysłowy chrześcijańskiej wspólnoty (kompozycje okolicznościowe oraz listy dedykacyjne) pełniły budująca rolę. Konsolidowały odbiorców ksiąg (wiernych oraz niższe duchowieństwo) wokół wskazanych przewodników. Umacniały w społeczności poczucie dumy z realizowanego przez hierarchów, mimo wielu trudności, planu odnowy Kościoła wschodniego. Były zatem częścią szerszej ówczesnej tendencji do instytucjonalnego wzmacniania Kościoła.
The publishing activity of Ruthenian typographies influenced religious and cultural development in the Metropolitanate of Kyiv. He was also favored by Michał Ślozka’s writing and publishing activity. Printed by him laudations for bishops involved in the spiritual and mental development of the Christian community (occasional compositions and letters of dedication) played a constructive role. Integrated the recipients of the books ( the faithful and the lower clergy) around the indicated guides. They strengthened the community’s sense of pride in the plan of the Eastern Church’s renewal, despite of many difficulties. They were, therefore, part of a wider tendency at that time to institutionally consolidate the Church.
The publishing activity of Ruthenian typographies influenced religious and cultural development in the Metropolitanate of Kyiv. He was also favored by Michał Ślozka’s writing and publishing activity. Printed by him laudations for bishops involved in the spiritual and mental development of the Christian community (occasional compositions and letters of dedication) played a constructive role. Integrated the recipients of the books ( the faithful and the lower clergy) around the indicated guides. They strengthened the community’s sense of pride in the plan of the Eastern Church’s renewal, despite of many difficulties. They were, therefore, part of a wider tendency at that time to institutionally consolidate the Church.
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In Kyiv Metropolitanate reflections about otherwordly soul fate became current during the time of preparation and after the performing the union of Brest. Well-known polemical theme of purgatory returned and the followers of the union... more
In Kyiv Metropolitanate reflections about otherwordly soul fate became current during the time of preparation and after the performing the union of Brest.
Well-known polemical theme of purgatory returned and the followers of the union with Rome evoked the legendary visions of air tollbooths (tollgates). The identification of the both conceptions was meant to bring and convice Orthodox to Catholic doctrine. However, it brought about an their reaction, prompting them to thoroughly confront both visions, demonstrate the similarities but also fundamental differences, and above all to systematize their own teaching.
The polemical process of ordering eschatological beliefs, begun by polemic literature, was continued by the authors of sermons, the works of popular theology, and also found reflexion in the official statement of the Orthodox Church in the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth.
Well-known polemical theme of purgatory returned and the followers of the union with Rome evoked the legendary visions of air tollbooths (tollgates). The identification of the both conceptions was meant to bring and convice Orthodox to Catholic doctrine. However, it brought about an their reaction, prompting them to thoroughly confront both visions, demonstrate the similarities but also fundamental differences, and above all to systematize their own teaching.
The polemical process of ordering eschatological beliefs, begun by polemic literature, was continued by the authors of sermons, the works of popular theology, and also found reflexion in the official statement of the Orthodox Church in the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth.
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In the Ukrainian and Belarusian 17th century literature of mourning there is no one common to all the authors vision of old age. It was presented as a difficult state, filled with suffering and even dangerous for those whom mental and... more
In the Ukrainian and Belarusian 17th century literature of mourning there is no one common to all the authors vision of old age. It was presented as a difficult state, filled with suffering and even dangerous for those whom mental and bodily weakness prevented the holding of penance-delayed too long. At the same time, this grim vision coexisted with the optimistic picture of the autumn of life active and fruitful in creative activities. Old age was the penalty for sin, but also one way of moving away from him and sourcing selection everlasting. Old age was sometimes synonymous with maturity, wisdom, young people, could be a symbol of duration in sin.
Despite that draws certain tendency to recognition of the topic related to the fact that these considerations were partly subordinated to panegyric, and above all pastoral goal. Traditional mourning for the composition elements: to show the size of the loss, mourning the dead or solace grief of the living, most often occur as a component of moral exhortations and instructions. The explanation of this trend must be sought in an environment of contemporary authors’ funeral compositions. They were mainly representatives of the intellectual elite of clerical: priests, bishops and archimandrites; church reformers at the same time, cultural activists, workers and publisher. So those who took on their shoulders the renewal of religious life and spiritual and cultural life in The Metropolitanate of Kyiv, realizing it and by disseminated in mourning texts role models and moral attitude.
Despite that draws certain tendency to recognition of the topic related to the fact that these considerations were partly subordinated to panegyric, and above all pastoral goal. Traditional mourning for the composition elements: to show the size of the loss, mourning the dead or solace grief of the living, most often occur as a component of moral exhortations and instructions. The explanation of this trend must be sought in an environment of contemporary authors’ funeral compositions. They were mainly representatives of the intellectual elite of clerical: priests, bishops and archimandrites; church reformers at the same time, cultural activists, workers and publisher. So those who took on their shoulders the renewal of religious life and spiritual and cultural life in The Metropolitanate of Kyiv, realizing it and by disseminated in mourning texts role models and moral attitude.
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Dissemination of the funeral sermons by printing them was conducive to the implementation of many important for the Eastern Church tasks. They were: important support teaching ministry of the priest; way to revive the custom of preaching... more
Dissemination of the funeral sermons by printing them was conducive to the implementation of many important for the Eastern Church tasks. They were: important support teaching ministry of the priest; way to revive the custom of preaching associated with the ritual of mourning; source of knowledge about: the Christian ideal of life and death (ars bene moriendi), the proper conduct of funerals, and a treasure trove of role models, especially of the priest.
As per results of text analysis, all of these tasks have been recognized by the hierarchy to be essential for the renewal of the Eastern Church. The effect of their implementation was to be the moral healing of the clergy, raising the level of religious-spiritual, especially preaching ministry in parishes; defend and strengthen the authority of their own religion. The consequence of enrichment picks Ruthenian book typography also texts funeral was the development of literature and culture.
As per results of text analysis, all of these tasks have been recognized by the hierarchy to be essential for the renewal of the Eastern Church. The effect of their implementation was to be the moral healing of the clergy, raising the level of religious-spiritual, especially preaching ministry in parishes; defend and strengthen the authority of their own religion. The consequence of enrichment picks Ruthenian book typography also texts funeral was the development of literature and culture.
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In 16th–17th-century’s liturgical books one can find numerous additions regarded as redundant and optional. These paratextual elements are: verbal (e.g., prefaces, dedicational verses or letters, afterwords, introductions), iconic... more
In 16th–17th-century’s liturgical books one can find numerous additions regarded as redundant and optional. These paratextual elements are: verbal (e.g., prefaces, dedicational verses or letters, afterwords, introductions), iconic (schemas, illustrations) and both combined. Unnecessary materials in printed liturgiarions apart from the above-mentioned are: teachings of Jan Chrysostom, Basil the Great and Gregory Dialogos – the authors of Divine Liturgy and the short eulogistic compositions about Church Fathers, sometimes accompanied by their images. These additional elements are great evidence of development of liturgical practice, documents certifying intellectual level of Ruthenian clergy and renovating ambitions of hierarchy. For this reason, they should be widely considered as worthy sources in the study about religion reform in the Metropolitanate of Kyiv and of a church culture in old Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth.
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Nomocanons prefaces printed in the Metropolitanate of Kiev in the 17th century because of their content should be considered as an important part of this dedicated to clergy positions. The authors – clergymen, mostly representatives of... more
Nomocanons prefaces printed in the Metropolitanate of Kiev in the 17th century because of their content should be considered as an important part of this dedicated to clergy positions. The authors – clergymen, mostly representatives of the hierarchy used forewords as a good opportunity to pass on the knowledge.
Therefore, the “words to the clerical reader” turn up frequently in instructions, recommendations, orders, comments and refer to those elements of knowledge or the formation of the priest, which were then considered to be particularly important, timely, and worth of deep explanation. Thus the prefaces are integral part of the activities undertaken in the Metropolitanate of Kiev in favor of the Orthodox revival. It is worth noting that an important, if not essential, element of the reform was the restoration of priesthood.
Therefore, the “words to the clerical reader” turn up frequently in instructions, recommendations, orders, comments and refer to those elements of knowledge or the formation of the priest, which were then considered to be particularly important, timely, and worth of deep explanation. Thus the prefaces are integral part of the activities undertaken in the Metropolitanate of Kiev in favor of the Orthodox revival. It is worth noting that an important, if not essential, element of the reform was the restoration of priesthood.
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In 1614th the Lviv fraternity typography prepared two editions, very important for the restoration of priestly formation positions. The first of them, comprehensive with title Иже въ ст҃ыхъ Оц҃а нашего Іоанна Златооустаго Архїєп҃па... more
In 1614th the Lviv fraternity typography prepared two editions, very important for the restoration of priestly formation positions. The first of them, comprehensive with title Иже въ ст҃ыхъ Оц҃а нашего Іоанна Златооустаго Архїєп҃па Константіноуполя книга о сщ҃енъствѣ къ неиже въ кратцѣ събранноє житїє Ст҃го и прочая ноужнаа в общую ползу прочитателемъ паче же бл҃гоговѣннымъ іереомъ въ исправленїє приложена соутъ included the newly translated, selected works of the John Chrysostom (treatise about the priesthood and homilies) and other Fathers. Second one titled Соборъ, во Богоспасаемомъ градѣ Вільни бывшій, was a brochure that contained canons which were aftermath of the Vilnius Synod (1509). Although these positions were two separate publishing titles, their appearance in print in a small interval of time and subject matter made them the fruits of one, carefully planned by fraternity reform. This included renewal of the clergy (moral, intellectual, disciplinary and pastoral), which was crucial for the whole, religious, spiritual and cultural life in the Orthodox Church.
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At the turn of the 16th and 17th centuries, the Ruthenian literature, adapting to the needs of the struggle for the renewal of the priesthood and seeking the most appropriate ways of activating the recipient, was subject to formal and... more
At the turn of the 16th and 17th centuries, the Ruthenian literature, adapting to the needs of the struggle for the renewal of the priesthood and seeking the most appropriate ways of activating the recipient, was subject to formal and content transformations. The reformers focused on the teachings of outlining the priest's moral and intellectual ideal, and tried to determine the conditions for running for the priesthood. The teachings were fulfilling appeals for a conscientious and responsible liturgical and sacramental, teaching and pastoral ministry; they were getting richer in content to expand the knowledge of these duties. The corrective actions taken by the Orthodox and then the Uniates were analogous to those taken by Protestants and Catholics, although somewhat delayed in time and initially not as coherent, because they were not directed from the top down. It was, however, an invigorating time for the Eastern Church in the Commonwealth, and the reform which was initiated at that time was developed and programmed by Piotr Mohyla and his followers.
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Repair and restoration of the priesthood ethos, to which 17th century church reformers striven, was the basis of spiritual and religious and organizational renewal in the Ruthenian Church. It was associated closely with the selection of... more
Repair and restoration of the priesthood ethos, to which 17th century church reformers striven, was the basis of spiritual and religious and organizational renewal in the Ruthenian Church. It was associated closely with the selection of suitable candidates for the priesthood. Expressions of the aspiration to organize episcopal, presbyterate, or diaconate ordination affairs, were already special regulations, which appeared in the manuscript archbishops’ liturgiarions. Problem of appropriate spiritual and substantive preparation for the priesthood, was the subject of prints issued since the 17th century synodal teachings
of the bishop to priests, articles of liturgical books, theological treatises, catechisms, forewords to the books of the Orthodox liturgical use. Dissemination through print sources for responsible priesthood, was to serve the normalization rules for selection of candidates for the priesthood and influenced the spiritual-religious and as consequence, cultural revival in the Metropolitanate of Kiev.
of the bishop to priests, articles of liturgical books, theological treatises, catechisms, forewords to the books of the Orthodox liturgical use. Dissemination through print sources for responsible priesthood, was to serve the normalization rules for selection of candidates for the priesthood and influenced the spiritual-religious and as consequence, cultural revival in the Metropolitanate of Kiev.
Research Interests:
Preliminaries and back matter elements introduce recipient in the world of book. In the paper on the example of selected oktoechos printed in the seventeenth century in metropolitanate of Kiev, we try to show that they transmitted the... more
Preliminaries and back matter elements introduce recipient in the world of book. In the paper on the example of selected oktoechos printed in the seventeenth century in metropolitanate of Kiev, we try to show that they transmitted the most important, brief metatextual information. Authors of prefaces, dedications, epigraphs and sometimes also afterwords usually motivated their decision to edit a title.
A cognitive function of this information is important but it must be emphasized that they served primarily to build the authority of books, to demonstrate importance of hymns in the religious life of the community. They tutored and formed the Christian recipient, encouraging the acquisition and zealous use of valuable spiritual source of prayer and living faith.
A cognitive function of this information is important but it must be emphasized that they served primarily to build the authority of books, to demonstrate importance of hymns in the religious life of the community. They tutored and formed the Christian recipient, encouraging the acquisition and zealous use of valuable spiritual source of prayer and living faith.
Research Interests:
Topos “alphabet of senses” popular in Polish baroque literature was also frequent in Ukrainian composition of same period. It was very trendy, these days to use strategies based on the compositive scheme of five elements enumeration, what... more
Topos “alphabet of senses” popular in Polish baroque literature was also frequent in Ukrainian composition of same period. It was very trendy, these days to use strategies based on the compositive scheme of five elements enumeration, what is perfectly illustrated by sacramental commentaries of confirmation and anointing of the Sick.
Preachers like poets, tried to run the sensual imagination of recipient, so he can see, hear, taste and even smell the scent of both the infernal pit and heavenly meadow.
Threatening bodily torments, luring sensory pleasures pastors were probably guided by the hope of effectiveness and spiritual benefit that comes out of the persuasive power of these carefully selected "sense arguments."
Preachers like poets, tried to run the sensual imagination of recipient, so he can see, hear, taste and even smell the scent of both the infernal pit and heavenly meadow.
Threatening bodily torments, luring sensory pleasures pastors were probably guided by the hope of effectiveness and spiritual benefit that comes out of the persuasive power of these carefully selected "sense arguments."
Research Interests:
The text deals with the attitudes towards the body and the soul in the Ruthenian Orthodox homiliary literature in 17th century. In some sermons one can read that people are more perfect God`s creature than angels which have no... more
The text deals with the attitudes towards the body and the soul in the Ruthenian Orthodox homiliary literature in 17th century.
In some sermons one can read that people are more perfect God`s creature than angels which have no opportunity to come back to God after their fall at the beginning of the time. Preachers emphasized many advantages of having material body, the main are:
-the body is not as precious as the soul is but just because of the body, human being is able to penance, do merciful deeds against the poor, orphans, widows, sick people; can sacrifice sufferings for the sins;
-weakness and mortality of the body help people to remember that they should make efforts to achieve future joy;
-human nature is not tended to evil nor the body is, and the bodily dead we cannot avoid is the only way to leave worldliness and reach better life in eternity.
It is very optimistic way of thinking about body and the soul and it seems having its source in the Church fathers teachings.
In some sermons one can read that people are more perfect God`s creature than angels which have no opportunity to come back to God after their fall at the beginning of the time. Preachers emphasized many advantages of having material body, the main are:
-the body is not as precious as the soul is but just because of the body, human being is able to penance, do merciful deeds against the poor, orphans, widows, sick people; can sacrifice sufferings for the sins;
-weakness and mortality of the body help people to remember that they should make efforts to achieve future joy;
-human nature is not tended to evil nor the body is, and the bodily dead we cannot avoid is the only way to leave worldliness and reach better life in eternity.
It is very optimistic way of thinking about body and the soul and it seems having its source in the Church fathers teachings.
Research Interests:
In the seventeenth century printed euchologies or liturgiarions there are lots of adding and commenting materials which we call “unnecessary” one, for example forewords with teachings for priests and various illustrative support (schemas... more
In the seventeenth century printed euchologies or liturgiarions there are lots of adding and commenting materials which we call “unnecessary” one, for example forewords with teachings for priests and various illustrative support (schemas of diskos or tetrapods and so on).
“Unnecessary materials” from liturgical books are evidence that the Orthodox clergy elites have taken debate over responsible priesthood and number of educational and publishing activities for the reconstruction the ethos of the Orthodox pastor. They also describe endeavors which were made in a way to arrange and unify liturgical practice. One of the themes discussed was obligatory liturgical presence and respect for antimension which schemas one can find in medieval manuscript books. In 17th century this important liturgical clothes were printed in Kievan Lavra
“Unnecessary materials” from liturgical books are evidence that the Orthodox clergy elites have taken debate over responsible priesthood and number of educational and publishing activities for the reconstruction the ethos of the Orthodox pastor. They also describe endeavors which were made in a way to arrange and unify liturgical practice. One of the themes discussed was obligatory liturgical presence and respect for antimension which schemas one can find in medieval manuscript books. In 17th century this important liturgical clothes were printed in Kievan Lavra
Research Interests:
Text deals with problem of bishop’s authority, power and responsibility as they are in consecration prayers, teachings and oaths of bishop chirotony, and also in sermons and tractates in Kievan Metropolitanate till the beginning of 18th... more
Text deals with problem of bishop’s authority, power and responsibility as they are in consecration prayers, teachings and oaths of bishop chirotony, and also in sermons and tractates in Kievan Metropolitanate till the beginning of 18th century.
The “power” word in this context is used in two underlying meanings. First one points at jurisdictional and administrative dimension of power. It shows rights which are limited to particular eparchy and include as follows: consecration of deacons, priests as well as temples, antimensions and chrism. Second meaning is connected with “government of souls”. Bishop as a pastor should be a teacher, a healer, a judge and a watchman. In all this missions bishop should be responsible spiritual leader, moral authority. Bishopric is a honor but good candidate, as one can read in consecration prayer, must be ready for onus and hardship not for privileges and riches.
The “power” word in this context is used in two underlying meanings. First one points at jurisdictional and administrative dimension of power. It shows rights which are limited to particular eparchy and include as follows: consecration of deacons, priests as well as temples, antimensions and chrism. Second meaning is connected with “government of souls”. Bishop as a pastor should be a teacher, a healer, a judge and a watchman. In all this missions bishop should be responsible spiritual leader, moral authority. Bishopric is a honor but good candidate, as one can read in consecration prayer, must be ready for onus and hardship not for privileges and riches.
Research Interests:
In traditional teachings for the clergy (the Synod one and for the newly ordained priests) and prefaces in liturgical books seldom, one can find strict definition of the term dissenter. This kind of sources contains warnings against... more
In traditional teachings for the clergy (the Synod one and for the newly ordained priests) and prefaces in liturgical books seldom, one can find strict definition of the term dissenter. This kind of sources contains warnings against contacts with heretics, schismatic and overtly sinners. Also more detailed instructions how to behave in a way of unavoidable meeting or in the situation of immediate assault and danger threat of apostates. In bishop’s oaths which reflect local practice and the specifics of ecclesiology on the particular territory, in comparison with the teachings more often are mentioned representatives of misbelievers, but the list of Church enemies is rarely updated.
Research Interests:
In the 16th and 17th centuries teachings for priests in the Metropolitanate of Kiev be - came more accessible due to appearance of the first typographies. Teachings were reaching the recipients also in the form of a pastoral letter,... more
In the 16th and 17th centuries teachings for priests in the Metropolitanate of Kiev be
-
came more accessible due to appearance of the first typographies. Teachings were reaching
the recipients also in the form of a pastoral letter, the message to the clergy or as an ad
-
monishment. The last one was preached according to tradition, by metropolitan or bishop
during the meetings of the Synod just after the solemn liturgy. Written teachings closer to
the “synodal” in content were handed to the newly ordained priests prior to their departure
to the designated parishes. Admonishments for the priests also came in the form of a ser
-
mon. They were separate words addressed to the representatives of the clergy or a
short
teachings presented as a
part of a
homily on Sunday or a
holiday. Significant were also
teachings about canonic authority, created by Orthodox hierarchs and often formulated
or approved during the council works and collected in a
set of principles, rules. Typically,
they were similar in content to the teachings mentioned before. However, were charac
-
terized by greater brevity in the form of short recommendations disciplinary, legal and
liturgical in character. In the 17th century, a rich source of the teachings for the priests was
a theological treatises and guides gradually more present in the publishing offer. A
special
significance for the priests had nomocanons, collections of church laws. It is worth men
-
tioning also a printed collection of sermons and other works of the Fathers of the Church.,
Synodal teachings and those presented to a
newly priests after ordination were the primer
for the clergy. It contained basic information about the life of a
priest, determined the scope
of his duties and were supported by the authority on the canonical sources.
This period of the cultural revival ends with the events of the last decades of the 17th
century. Left-bank Ukraine becomes a part of the empire of tsars, and in 1686 the Kyiev
Metropolitanate is reordered to Patriarch of Moscow. In years 1717-1720 the tsar issues
a number of documents which impose restrictions on the printed Ukrainian language and
Orthodox Slavonic books of local publishers, and then delegate typographies of Kyiv
- Pechersk and Chernihov to work on reprints of books previously censored in Russia.
A was also a beginning of new church life system that deprived the priests from dignity,
demoralized, and was a display of denial of earlier reforms.
-
came more accessible due to appearance of the first typographies. Teachings were reaching
the recipients also in the form of a pastoral letter, the message to the clergy or as an ad
-
monishment. The last one was preached according to tradition, by metropolitan or bishop
during the meetings of the Synod just after the solemn liturgy. Written teachings closer to
the “synodal” in content were handed to the newly ordained priests prior to their departure
to the designated parishes. Admonishments for the priests also came in the form of a ser
-
mon. They were separate words addressed to the representatives of the clergy or a
short
teachings presented as a
part of a
homily on Sunday or a
holiday. Significant were also
teachings about canonic authority, created by Orthodox hierarchs and often formulated
or approved during the council works and collected in a
set of principles, rules. Typically,
they were similar in content to the teachings mentioned before. However, were charac
-
terized by greater brevity in the form of short recommendations disciplinary, legal and
liturgical in character. In the 17th century, a rich source of the teachings for the priests was
a theological treatises and guides gradually more present in the publishing offer. A
special
significance for the priests had nomocanons, collections of church laws. It is worth men
-
tioning also a printed collection of sermons and other works of the Fathers of the Church.,
Synodal teachings and those presented to a
newly priests after ordination were the primer
for the clergy. It contained basic information about the life of a
priest, determined the scope
of his duties and were supported by the authority on the canonical sources.
This period of the cultural revival ends with the events of the last decades of the 17th
century. Left-bank Ukraine becomes a part of the empire of tsars, and in 1686 the Kyiev
Metropolitanate is reordered to Patriarch of Moscow. In years 1717-1720 the tsar issues
a number of documents which impose restrictions on the printed Ukrainian language and
Orthodox Slavonic books of local publishers, and then delegate typographies of Kyiv
- Pechersk and Chernihov to work on reprints of books previously censored in Russia.
A was also a beginning of new church life system that deprived the priests from dignity,
demoralized, and was a display of denial of earlier reforms.
Research Interests:
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This study deals with the problem of posthumous situation of the saints and the righteous which has a long traditions and was the matter of discussion in Greek and Latin writings of Fathers. Otherwordly topography described in XVIIth... more
This study deals with the problem of posthumous situation of the saints
and the righteous which has a long traditions and was the matter of discussion
in Greek and Latin writings of Fathers. Otherwordly topography described
in XVIIth Orthodox Ruthenian literature mentioned three places of
afterlife resting.
and the righteous which has a long traditions and was the matter of discussion
in Greek and Latin writings of Fathers. Otherwordly topography described
in XVIIth Orthodox Ruthenian literature mentioned three places of
afterlife resting.