- Working Address: Dean, School of Business, Uttara University, NZ Center, House 5, Road 12, Sector 6, Uttara, Dhaka 1230, Bangladesh.
Postal Address: Sheltech Marinas, Flat 2A, House 23, Road 16, Sector 4, Uttara, Dhaka 1230, Bangladesh. - 8801716370643
Dr. Nazrul Islam
Northern University Bangladesh, Business Administration, Department Member
- North South University, School of Business, Faculty Memberadd
- Job Satisfaction, Strategic Management, International Business, Organizational Behavior, Entrepreneurship Development, Business, and 13 moreTechnology, Social Sciences, International Relations, Artificial Intelligence, Psychology, Economics, Management, Sustainable Development, Human Resource Management, International Law, Development Studies, Entrepreneurship, and Business Administrationedit
- Nazrul Islam is a professor of Management and International Business. He is currently serving as a Pro-Vice Chancello... moreNazrul Islam is a professor of Management and International Business. He is currently serving as a Pro-Vice Chancellor of Northern University Bangladesh & Dean of Faculty of Business. Prior to completing his PhD in International Business at Asian Institute of Technology, Thailand, he received his Bachelor’s (Honors) and Master’s degrees in Management from the University of Dhaka. He began his career in Academia in 1991 at Khulna University in the Discipline of Business Administration. In 2004, he joined BRAC University as an Associate Professor of Management, where he served as the coordinator of ‘Evening Programs’. In 2005, he joined North South University’s School of Business as an Associate Professor. Whilst, working at NSU he also served as an executive editor of ‘North South Business Review’ and worked as an executive secretary for the ‘South Asian Management Forum 2007’ jointly organized by North South University and Association of Management Development Institutions in South Asia (AMDISA). In 2007, he joined East West University as a Professor, where he also served as a Dean of the Faculty of Business and Social Studies, Coordinator of MBA and EMBA programs and the Chief Editor of the Journal of Business and Social Studies. Since 2008, Prof. Islam has served as a Business School Dean at various universities like East West University, State University of Bangladesh, Eastern University, Uttara University and Canadian University of Bangladesh. Prof. Islam has supervised three M.Phil students and is currently supervising six PhD and four M.Phil students at Bangladesh University of Professionals.
Prof. Islam has published 67 research articles in international refereed journals that were abstracted and indexed by: Scopus (18 Papers), ABDC (12 Papers), EBSCOhost, ProQuest, ESJI, Crossref and DOI. Prof. Islam has also published 29 research papers in local refereed journals and attended more than 20 International Conferences held in India, Nepal, Maldives, Hong Kong, South Korea, Malaysia, Thailand, Singapore, USA, and Australia. As a Panel Reviewer of South Asian Quality Assurance System (SAQS), Prof. Islam reviewed ‘ICFAI Business School’ of India for its accreditation. Presently, Prof. Islam is serving as an Editorial Board Member for a number of National and International Refereed Journals like International Journal of Management and Business, British Journal of Economics, Management & Trade, etc. Prof. Islam has also worked as a Convener of the Organizing Committee of three International Conferences organized by Department of Finance, University of Dhaka, Southeast University, and Uttara University in collaboration with AMDISA and Global Business and Management Forum (GBMF). Prof. Islam authored and co-authored three books: (i) Entrepreneurship Development – An Operational Approach (In English), (ii) Modern Insurance (In Bengali) and (iii) Global Technological Change Impact on Textile and Garment Workers (In English). Prof. Nazrul examined more than fifteen PhD Dissertations of different public and private universities of Malaysia, India, Nepal and Bangladesh as an External Adjudicator. Prof. Islam achieved “Bangladesh Education Leadership Award 2017” and “Education Leadership Award 2018” in the category of ‘Best Professor in Business Administration’ by CMO Asia.edit - Now, I am the supervisor of six PhD students and four M. Phil students of Bangladesh University of Professionals, Bangladesh.edit
The success of public enterprise largely depends on the efficiency and effectiveness of its operations. Government industrial policies and capability of monitoring the activities as well as the initiative of the managerial people are... more
The success of public enterprise largely depends on the efficiency and effectiveness of its operations. Government industrial policies and capability of monitoring the activities as well as the initiative of the managerial people are important in this regard. This paper aims at evaluating the managerial performance of Khulna Newsprint Mills. Ltd which is the only Newsprint mill in the country. For analyzing the performance since 1982-1992, some indicators have been used like production and productivity, value added, capacity utilization, profit and profitability, surplus generation, etc. Beyond some exceptions, the analysis indicates upward trends. But the mill is incurring losses due to the fixation of selling price of Newsprint by the Government at lower than its actual cost of production. The present selling price of Newsprint is Tk.19,880 per metric ton whereas the cost of production is Tk. 24600 per metric ton. As a result, the mill incurred losses of Tk.14.95 crore in the year of 1992-1993. The accumulated loss is Tk. 1.70 crores. This has created a major liquidity gap in the working capital and reserve of the mill. The study also reveals that the present financial and other crisis may be overcome through the re fixation of selling price of Newsprint ensuring the continuous supply of Gewa wood, and taking a major initiative for modernization of the machines by the Government.
Many of us are confused of what Islam says of the concept of insurance. They hold an opinion that there is no place of Insurance in Islam. For that matter, an attempt has been made to dispel the confusion.This paper examines the existing... more
Many of us are confused of what Islam says of the concept of insurance.
They hold an opinion that there is no place of Insurance in Islam. For that matter, an attempt has been made to dispel the confusion.This paper examines the existing concepts of insurance as well as position of insurance in Islam. It also makes an attempt to make it clear that Islam is not against insurance. It has been observed from the study that there
are hundreds of thousands of arguments in favor of insurance in Islam. In this study, origin of Insurance concept and arguments in favor of insurance in Islam are discussed. It is only a humble attempt to highlight the original concept as well as favorable arguments of insurance of Islam.
They hold an opinion that there is no place of Insurance in Islam. For that matter, an attempt has been made to dispel the confusion.This paper examines the existing concepts of insurance as well as position of insurance in Islam. It also makes an attempt to make it clear that Islam is not against insurance. It has been observed from the study that there
are hundreds of thousands of arguments in favor of insurance in Islam. In this study, origin of Insurance concept and arguments in favor of insurance in Islam are discussed. It is only a humble attempt to highlight the original concept as well as favorable arguments of insurance of Islam.
This paper aims at identifying Microfinance Institutions' deposit mobilization issues from the perspectives of the clients-the members of the MFIs. It looks into the different aspects of field level experience and practice of the NGO-MFIs... more
This paper aims at identifying Microfinance Institutions' deposit mobilization issues from the perspectives of the clients-the members of the MFIs. It looks into the different aspects of field level experience and practice of the NGO-MFIs working in Bangladesh. To identify the clients' perspective on deposit mobilization by MFIs, this paper presents findings from a study, which was conducted for Microcredit Regulatory Authority and represents sample survey of 450 members of different NGO-MFIs working in the 4 divisions namely Dhaka, Chittagong, Rajshahi, and Khulna. A structured questionnaire was used to conduct the survey which was developed through literature review and finalized through pilot survey. Both descriptive and inferential statistics were used to analyze the data. Descriptive statistics such as tables, simple percentage, correlations etc. were used to describe the situation. Results show that MFIs are filling the gaps of the financial services required by vast majority of relatively poor people having no access to the banking system, and thus working as a complementary segment of overall financial system of the country with demands for more services to render. One of the major demands registered is the access to more flexible system of deposit by the rural people besides their demand for greater volume of credit flow, that still remain only partially fulfilled.
This paper attempts to identify the empowerment factors of rural women through homestead poultry rearing in Bangladesh. To identify the empowerment factors, 75 rural women involved in poultry rearing practices were interviewed with a... more
This paper attempts to identify the empowerment factors of rural women through homestead poultry rearing in Bangladesh. To identify the empowerment factors, 75 rural women involved in poultry rearing practices were interviewed with a structured questionnaire. Factor analysis has been performed to identify the empowerment factors. Multiple regression analysis was used to identify the relationships between the empowerment factors and the overall empowerment of the rural women. Results show that the homestead poultry rearing practice empowers rural women through decreased husband's influence on wives, increased independence for spending money, increased self-decision making authority, increased involvement in family affairs, increased control over the poultry business and increased importance in the family. The results also show that there is a significant relationship between the empowerment factors and the overall empowerment of rural women. This study suggests that the higher the level of self-decision making authority and increased involvement in family affairs, the higher the level of empowerment will likely be.
The growth of online shopping is increasing at a rapid rate in Malaysia by replacing traditional store shopping habit of the substantial number of consumers. The purpose of the research is to investigate the factors that are influencing... more
The growth of online shopping is increasing at a rapid rate in Malaysia by replacing traditional store shopping habit of the substantial number of consumers. The purpose of the research is to investigate the factors that are influencing consumer’s online shopping intention in Malaysia. This research proposes a research framework on online shopping by refereeing various influential factors which are antecedents of online shopping in Malaysia. The framework of this study was based on the constructs
generated from Technology Acceptance Model (TAM). In total 250 valid respondent’s
response were gathered through self-administered survey. Exploratory factor analysis (EFA) and multiple regression analysis were employed to identify the factors that are influencing online shopping under Malaysian context. From the statistical results it was discovered that perceived usefulness (PU) and perceived ease of use (PEOU) have positive influenced on online shopping in Malaysia. It is expected that result from this study can help online vendors to draw the further strategy to attract more consumers through online shopping under Malaysian context.
generated from Technology Acceptance Model (TAM). In total 250 valid respondent’s
response were gathered through self-administered survey. Exploratory factor analysis (EFA) and multiple regression analysis were employed to identify the factors that are influencing online shopping under Malaysian context. From the statistical results it was discovered that perceived usefulness (PU) and perceived ease of use (PEOU) have positive influenced on online shopping in Malaysia. It is expected that result from this study can help online vendors to draw the further strategy to attract more consumers through online shopping under Malaysian context.
This paper develops a conceptual framework of technological change and its impact on textile and garment workers in developing countries based on an extensive literature review. It proposes human resource development (HRD) strategies for... more
This paper develops a conceptual framework of technological change and its impact on textile and garment workers in developing countries based on an extensive literature review. It proposes human resource development (HRD) strategies for adapting the change efficiently so that the negative impact of technological change is minimized. Technological change increases job insecurity, job dissatisfaction and deteriorates work relations in the company. It eliminates lower skilled jobs from the company by bringing new and advanced machines. These, in turn, have impact on the overall socioeconomic situation of workers, which is a defined in socioeconomic term. It includes economic factors such as income, and social concerns such as family or status. The level of impact of technological change depends on the change management process that includes human resource planning, work reorganization , training and development, worker participation, and information sharing. These programs act as mediating factors. The higher level of efficacy of the change management process results in a less negative impact on workers. Thus, technology alone does not determine the acceptance or rejection of the change, but it efficacy is determined by how it is managed.
Workers’ engagement refers to the organizational conditions where all the members of an organization are committed to their organization’s goals and values, motivated to contribute to organizational success with an enhanced sense of their... more
Workers’ engagement refers to the organizational conditions where all the members of an organization are committed to their organization’s goals and values, motivated to contribute to organizational success with an enhanced sense of their own well-being (Little & Little, 2006).Positive engagement is expected by any organization because it makes workers well connected with their jobs, loyal, and increase willing to put extra effort to do their jobs just to accomplish their goals in the company. Ready-made garment (RMG) industry of Bangladesh is
the main earner of foreign currency that consists of more than 75% of the country’s export earnings. But the workers of this industry are often found un-engaged at their work due to the ill behavior of their supervisors, poor working conditions, lack of organization incentives, and the
absence of motivational policies of the companies. Hence, this study aims at identifying the workers’ engagement factors of RMG industry of Bangladesh.This study interviewed 319 RMG workers from ten leading garment companies. Descriptive and inferential statistical techniques
were used to analyze the data. Results show that the RMG workers engagement factors are: feeling the company as a great company, feeling proud and recommend others, access to learning and good career opportunity, knowing the development of the company, quality supervision and recognition for good jobs done, and manager cares the workers.This study suggests that the RMG policymakers should focus more on the supervision styles of the managers and appreciating policy of the companies that can help improving the engagement level of the workers in this industry of Bangladesh.
the main earner of foreign currency that consists of more than 75% of the country’s export earnings. But the workers of this industry are often found un-engaged at their work due to the ill behavior of their supervisors, poor working conditions, lack of organization incentives, and the
absence of motivational policies of the companies. Hence, this study aims at identifying the workers’ engagement factors of RMG industry of Bangladesh.This study interviewed 319 RMG workers from ten leading garment companies. Descriptive and inferential statistical techniques
were used to analyze the data. Results show that the RMG workers engagement factors are: feeling the company as a great company, feeling proud and recommend others, access to learning and good career opportunity, knowing the development of the company, quality supervision and recognition for good jobs done, and manager cares the workers.This study suggests that the RMG policymakers should focus more on the supervision styles of the managers and appreciating policy of the companies that can help improving the engagement level of the workers in this industry of Bangladesh.
In recent years, a good number of women entrepreneurs of Bangladesh are doing their businesses online. The reasons can be attributed by the development of IT infrastructure and the internet support facilities in the country. The number of... more
In recent years, a good number of women entrepreneurs of Bangladesh are doing their businesses online. The reasons can be attributed by the development of IT infrastructure and the internet support facilities in the country. The number of internet subscribers in Bangladesh is 86 million out of 170 million people of Bangladesh which is more than 50% of the total population. The rate of tele-density in Bangladesh is 91%. With the
use of modern information technology and ease of internet, small and medium enterprises (SMEs) have made its way in online business which is expanding the e-commerce business of the country. It is popularly opined that the online business is the business of women entrepreneurs in Bangladesh. Studies show that the majority of the owners of these online
SMEs are women and the number is continuously increasing in this sector. Hence, this paper aims at identifying the factors that led to the development of online women entrepreneurship in Bangladesh. A survey was conducted among 200 online women entrepreneurs of Bangladesh who are primarily involved in clothing, beauty care products, fashion and
accessories and musical instruments businesses. Factor analysis was conducted to identify the factors related to the development of online women entrepreneurs in Bangladesh. Regression analysis was carried out to examine the impact of influencing factors on the overall development of online women entrepreneurs in Bangladesh. Results show that the factors
concerned with the expansion of online women entrepreneurship in Bangladesh are government incentives, business experience of the entrepreneurs, market demand, management capability of the entrepreneur, tax and other government charges for doing online business, tastes and preferences of the people of the country, support from husband and family members of the women entrepreneurs. If the policymakers can address these factors, the development of online women entrepreneurship in Bangladesh will be excelled.
use of modern information technology and ease of internet, small and medium enterprises (SMEs) have made its way in online business which is expanding the e-commerce business of the country. It is popularly opined that the online business is the business of women entrepreneurs in Bangladesh. Studies show that the majority of the owners of these online
SMEs are women and the number is continuously increasing in this sector. Hence, this paper aims at identifying the factors that led to the development of online women entrepreneurship in Bangladesh. A survey was conducted among 200 online women entrepreneurs of Bangladesh who are primarily involved in clothing, beauty care products, fashion and
accessories and musical instruments businesses. Factor analysis was conducted to identify the factors related to the development of online women entrepreneurs in Bangladesh. Regression analysis was carried out to examine the impact of influencing factors on the overall development of online women entrepreneurs in Bangladesh. Results show that the factors
concerned with the expansion of online women entrepreneurship in Bangladesh are government incentives, business experience of the entrepreneurs, market demand, management capability of the entrepreneur, tax and other government charges for doing online business, tastes and preferences of the people of the country, support from husband and family members of the women entrepreneurs. If the policymakers can address these factors, the development of online women entrepreneurship in Bangladesh will be excelled.
In Bangladesh, micro credit programs have positive socioeconomic impact on the rural women borrowers. However, it is perceived that the micro credit programs help the rural women borrowers to survive only and do not help them to develop... more
In Bangladesh, micro credit programs have positive socioeconomic impact on the rural women borrowers. However, it is perceived that the micro credit programs help the rural women borrowers to survive only and do not help them to develop entrepreneurial capabilities. Hence, this paper aims at identifying the factors related to the development of entrepreneurship among the rural women borrowers through micro credit programs. A multivariate analysis technique like Factor Analysis was conducted to identify the entrepreneurship development related factors.
Structural equation modeling was used to develop a model of micro credit program and the development of rural women entrepreneurship in Bangladesh. Results show that the financial management skills and the group identity of the women borrowers have significant relationship with the development of rural women entrepreneurship in Bangladesh. The experience from the parent’s family of the borrowers and the option limit may also lead to the rural women borrowers to be entrepreneurial.
Structural equation modeling was used to develop a model of micro credit program and the development of rural women entrepreneurship in Bangladesh. Results show that the financial management skills and the group identity of the women borrowers have significant relationship with the development of rural women entrepreneurship in Bangladesh. The experience from the parent’s family of the borrowers and the option limit may also lead to the rural women borrowers to be entrepreneurial.
There is a high potentials of food processing industry in Bangladesh which is primarily derived from the agriculture sector of the country. Food processing industry is divided into two segments such as, production and distribution.... more
There is a high potentials of food processing industry in Bangladesh which is primarily derived from the agriculture sector of the country. Food processing industry is divided into two segments such as, production
and distribution. Production segment refers to processing of meats and cheeses and the creating of soft drinks, alcoholic beverages, packaged foods, and other modified foods. While the distribution includes transporting the finished food products into the hands of consumers. The food processing industry is the fastest growing industry of Bangladesh since 2000. Due to recent development in food processing industry, a good number of entrepreneurs have been developed in this sector. This development can be attributed by the change of tastes and preferences of Bangladeshi people. Now, people of Bangladesh prefer buying processed food items from the grocery shops and departmental stores and prefer buying packaged food products. Hence, this study aims at identifying the critical factors of food processing entrepreneurs in Bangladesh. This study used both the qualitative and quantitative research methods. Respondent entrepreneurs were selected by simple random
sampling method from the food processing industry of Bangladesh. Factor analysis was carried out to find out the critical factors of the entrepreneurs while multiple regression analysis was conducted to identify the relationships between the critical factors and the overall development of food processing industry in Bangladesh.Individual critical factors like use of information technology, family and friends support, and
capability to compete in the market are significant critical factors for the food processing entrepreneurs in Bangladesh.
and distribution. Production segment refers to processing of meats and cheeses and the creating of soft drinks, alcoholic beverages, packaged foods, and other modified foods. While the distribution includes transporting the finished food products into the hands of consumers. The food processing industry is the fastest growing industry of Bangladesh since 2000. Due to recent development in food processing industry, a good number of entrepreneurs have been developed in this sector. This development can be attributed by the change of tastes and preferences of Bangladeshi people. Now, people of Bangladesh prefer buying processed food items from the grocery shops and departmental stores and prefer buying packaged food products. Hence, this study aims at identifying the critical factors of food processing entrepreneurs in Bangladesh. This study used both the qualitative and quantitative research methods. Respondent entrepreneurs were selected by simple random
sampling method from the food processing industry of Bangladesh. Factor analysis was carried out to find out the critical factors of the entrepreneurs while multiple regression analysis was conducted to identify the relationships between the critical factors and the overall development of food processing industry in Bangladesh.Individual critical factors like use of information technology, family and friends support, and
capability to compete in the market are significant critical factors for the food processing entrepreneurs in Bangladesh.
This paper aims at identifying Microfinance Institutions' deposit mobilization issues from the perspectives of the clients-the members of the MFIs. It looks into the different aspects of field level experience and practice of the NGO-MFIs... more
This paper aims at identifying Microfinance Institutions' deposit mobilization issues from the perspectives of the clients-the members of the MFIs. It looks into the different aspects of field level experience and practice of the NGO-MFIs working in Bangladesh. To identify the clients' perspective on deposit mobilization by MFIs, this paper presents findings from a study, which was conducted for Micro-credit Regulatory Authority and represents sample survey of 450 members of different NGO-MFIs working in the 4 divisions namely Dhaka, Chittagong, Rajshahi, and Khulna. A structured questionnaire was used to conduct the survey which was developed through literature review and finalized through pilot survey. Both descriptive and inferential statistics were used to analyze the data. Descriptive statistics such as tables, simple percentage, correlations etc. were used to describe the situation. Results show that MFIs are filling the gaps of the financial services required by vast majority of relatively poor people having no access to the banking system, and thus working as a complementary segment of overall financial system of the country with demands for more services to render. One of the major demands registered is the access to more flexible system of deposit by the rural people besides their demand for greater volume of credit flow, that still remain only partially fulfilled.
Research Interests:
There is a paramount importance of developing entrepreneurship for the economic development of a country. This paper is an attempt to identify the characteristics of entrepreneur. The paper also presents the basic characteristics of four... more
There is a paramount importance of developing entrepreneurship for the economic development of a country. This paper is an attempt to identify the characteristics of entrepreneur. The paper also presents the basic characteristics of four types of entrepreneurs engaged in cosmetics, medicine, shoe and electronics business. The study shows that there are wide differences as well as relations among the characteristics of different study groups. It reveals the causal relationship between the characteristics and some intra-personal factors of entrepreneurs. The analysis depicts the dissimilarities of literal characteristics of entrepreneur.
There is a controversy among the researchers regarding the concept of high technology (high-tech) firms. Therefore, an attempt has been made to identify the specific aspects or characteristics of high-tech firms and its application in... more
There is a controversy among the researchers regarding the concept of high technology (high-tech) firms. Therefore, an attempt has been made to identify the specific aspects or characteristics of high-tech firms and its application in software designing firms (SDFs). The study shows that most of the researchers have the convergence among their opinion of high-tech firms. They defined high-tech concept with the help of different products and services of companies in diverse environment. The specific aspects of high-tech firms are: product and process sophistication, research and development intensity, technically educated employees, a fast rate of growth and high degree of vulnerability, scarcity of human resources familiar with the technologies, all or parts of the products are based on the recent innovations or new technologies, a worldwide product for its market, new technology makes existing technology obsolete very quickly, turbulent environment characterized by realignment of competitors, changing customer’s needs, changing regulations, new competing products and so on. It is also identified that SDF's are high-tech firms.
The study focused on strategic management issues of entrepreneurial software developing companies in Bangladesh. Despite high vulnerability and rapid technological development the software market of Bangladesh is emerging with high... more
The study focused on strategic management issues of entrepreneurial software developing companies in Bangladesh. Despite high vulnerability and rapid technological development the software market of Bangladesh is emerging with high potential. Absence of explicit business and technology strategy is affecting the growth and development of software market in Bangladesh. Some strategic success factors that are identified as useful for software development in Bangladesh are management of technical people, access to multiple sources of technology, development of technological resources, emphasis on customized software, orientation to customers needs and continuous involvement of entrepreneurs. The strategic success factors for software market development are
developing appropriate marketing channel, building and maintaining credibility, building market differentiation, linking with large customers and speed to market entry. Bangladesh software developing companies should build-up strategic alliances with foreign companies to reduce cost and risk of new software development, to control operations and to enter into untapped national and international market. Long term policy and strategy, top management commitment, responses to change and creation of an innovation-accepting entrepreneurship culture will reduce employee turnover, build corporate culture and enhance the growth of software developing companies in Bangladesh.
developing appropriate marketing channel, building and maintaining credibility, building market differentiation, linking with large customers and speed to market entry. Bangladesh software developing companies should build-up strategic alliances with foreign companies to reduce cost and risk of new software development, to control operations and to enter into untapped national and international market. Long term policy and strategy, top management commitment, responses to change and creation of an innovation-accepting entrepreneurship culture will reduce employee turnover, build corporate culture and enhance the growth of software developing companies in Bangladesh.
This study attempts to evaluate the level of job satisfaction and overall socioeconomic satisfaction of women bank employees in Bangladesh' It focuses on there relative importance of job satisfaction factors and their relationships with... more
This study attempts to evaluate the level of job satisfaction and overall socioeconomic satisfaction of women bank employees in Bangladesh' It focuses on there relative importance of job satisfaction factors and their relationships with the overall satisfaction. It reports that the level of job satisfaction of women depends on the factors including salary' better job' supervisor recognition, co-employee recognition' better work' colleagues' preferences' and quality of supervision have found to be the most important among these factors. The factors such as salary, better job, supervisor recognition better work, supervisor, colleagues preferences and quality of supervision have significant influence on the overall satisfaction of the women employees. These factors are identified as the prime determinants of both job satisfaction and the overall satisfaction of women bank employees in Bangladesh' The negative relationship of better job with overall satisfaction indicates that the higher chances of getting job outside would result in much less positive overall satisfaction on women bank employees.
The operating performance of nationalized general insurance company of Bangladesh, known as Shadharan Bima Corporation (SBC), has consistently deteriorated since 1983. SBC is becoming more dependent on underwriting of re-insurable... more
The operating performance of nationalized general insurance company of Bangladesh, known as Shadharan Bima Corporation (SBC), has consistently deteriorated since 1983. SBC is becoming more dependent on underwriting of re-insurable business of all private insurance companies. They have also gradually shifted their investment from relatively higher income generating investment (share, debenture) to lower income-generating investments( deposits). This is mainly due to SBC's inability to respond to the changes in the market, government policy and overall environment. They still logged in with the state owned enterprises' characteristics of inefficiency, lack of challenging attitude, resistance to change, negative unionism, unethical practices, etc.
This study deals with the job satisfaction of women workers and managerial policies of garment companies in Bangladesh. The garment industry is the fast growing export sector of Bangladesh. More than three fourths of total foreign... more
This study deals with the job satisfaction of women workers and managerial policies of garment companies in Bangladesh. The garment industry is the fast growing export sector of Bangladesh. More than three fourths of total foreign earnings of the country come from this sector. This sector has a low labor cost advantage in producing garments. The manufacturing technology of garment production has been changing from labor-intensive to more sophisticated and capital-intensive production. This change creates dissatisfaction for the lower skilled workers because of their inability to adapt to the new manufacturing process. Work dissatisfaction reduces the performance of workers and, in turn, company performance is negatively affected. Hence, the strategies related to the use of sophisticated technology and to manage human resources for the production of garments for the international markets are crucial. Therefore, this study evaluates the impact of technological change on job satisfaction of women garment workers in Bangladesh. It also explores the strategies for decreasing dissatisfaction of lower skilled workers. The study identifies the relationship between job satisfaction and the overall impact of the change. A set of job satisfaction variables was developed from the Technological Change Survey (Slem and Levi, 1995). The overall impact is defined as how workers see the impact of change on income and benefits to the family, and the identity they have as a wage earner. The specific relationship between job satisfaction and the overall impact shows that fair pay, task significance, bureaucracy, conflicts, and sharing information are significantly related. Task significance and information sharing are positively related to the overall impact. Fair pay, bureaucracy, and conflicts are negatively and significantly related to the overall impact. Less fair pay, high bureaucracy, and more conflicts cause a limited positive overall impact on women workers. The positive relationships to technological change include improvement of task significance, salary increase, improvement of the quality of supervision, improved co-workers relations and increase benefits. The negative consequences are unfair pay, work dissatisfaction, bureaucracy, conflicts between management and workers, decreased information sharing, and decreased promotions for workers. Managers, in such a situation, may not be able to resist the increasing change required because of the new technologies but they can do more to manage the change through reducing the level of unfairness in all respects, the level of bureaucracy, the level of conflicts between workers and management, and increasing information sharing with workers. This could be achieved through appropriate human resource policies such as, fair pay, rewards for work, attention to the subordinates' feelings, work redesign, communicating company goals to workers, sharing information, increasing benefits, increasing promotions, and above all providing more skill training to women garment workers.
Due to the development of private sector universities in Bangladesh, a large number of students are studying at the undergraduate and graduate programs of private universities of Bangladesh. These students are being educated in different... more
Due to the development of private sector universities in Bangladesh, a large number of students are studying at the undergraduate and graduate programs of private universities of Bangladesh. These students are being educated in different disciplines including business studies, science and technology, arts and social sciences. But the effectiveness of the education depends on the use of information technology in classroom teaching and evaluation of the performance of the students. This study only focuses on the impact of IT use on the teachers' behaviors. Both descriptive and inferential statistics were used in this study. Descriptive statistics were used to explain the private university educational environment and inferential statistics such as, Factor Analysis was used to identify the factors related to the behavior of the university teachers concerning the use of information technology. Multiple Regressions analysis was used to identify the relationships between the factors and the overall impact of IT-use on the behavior of the university teachers. Results show that there are eleven factors concerning teacher's behavior such as,willingness of the IT staff and up-to-date IT facilities, use of computer and internet facilities, summing up lecture, use of OHP and online portal, use of grade calculator and face book, availability of IT staff, computer literacy of the students, script checking and feedback, use of multimedia in lecture, updating lecture notes, and evaluation of IQ level of the students. The factors including willingness of the IT staff and the updated IT facilities, summing up lecture, use of OHP and online portal, availability of IT staff, computer literacy of the students, script checking and feedback, use of multimedia in lecture, and evaluation of IQ level of the students are significantly related to the overall impact of the IT-use on the university teacher's behaviors in Bangladesh. The factors such as, use of computers and internet facilities, use of grade calculator and face book, and updating lecture notes are not significantly related to the overall impact of IT-use on the university teacher's behaviors in Bangladesh. This study suggests that the use of IT will significantly enhance the effectiveness of learning of the private university students in Bangladesh if the factors including willingness of the IT staff and up-to-date IT facilities, IT competency of the students, and use of IT at all levels of teaching and evaluation of the students are emphasized by the policy makers of the private universities in Bangladesh.
Results of the analysis show that all six factors such as friendliness, class presentation by using IT support, use of e-Library, doing lots of home tasks by using computers, frequent use of interactive portal to communicate with the... more
Results of the analysis show that all six factors such as friendliness, class presentation by using IT support, use of e-Library, doing lots of home tasks by using computers, frequent use of interactive portal to communicate with the teachers outside the class, and the extensive use of labs for exam preparations with the IT people, concerning behavior of the of private university students are significantly related to the use of information technology in teaching-learning process.
There is a paramount importance of equal empowerment of women for the socioeconomic development and balanced growth of Bangladesh. Research shows that only 7% of the total business establishments headed by the women entrepreneurs. The... more
There is a paramount importance of equal empowerment of women for the socioeconomic development and balanced growth of Bangladesh. Research shows that only 7% of the total business establishments headed by the women entrepreneurs. The reasons could be attributed by the lack of women entrepreneurship development, social influencing and networking abilities, and decisionmaking abilities of the women. Hence, this study aims at identifying the factors related to social empowerment due to women entrepreneurship development (WED). The causal research used primary data collected from women entrepreneurs in Small and Medium Enterprise (SME) businesses. The study used both probability and non-probability sampling techniques to select 397 women entrepreneurs for interview. We analyzed data by using Exploratory Factor Analysis and Structural Equation Modelling techniques. The results show that the factors concerning women entrepreneurship development include enterprise management, enterprise resourcing, generating business ideas and harvesting and growth significantly related to the overall development of women entrepreneurship in Bangladesh. The WED helps in developing women social empowerment especially decision making abilities, social influencing abilities, and social networking abilities. This study suggests that the policy makers of SME sector should focus on the WED significant factors in order to expedite entrepreneurship development and improve women social empowerment of Bangladesh.
When the trainings are effective, Return on Investment (ROI) in training becomes visible in the organization. To identify the effectiveness of training in the commercial banks of Bangladesh, this study explores the role of trainer quality... more
When the trainings are effective, Return on Investment (ROI) in training becomes visible in the organization. To identify the effectiveness of training in the commercial banks of Bangladesh, this study explores the role of trainer quality as a predictor of self-efficacy, motivation to transfer, authentic leadership, and training system effectiveness (TSE). It also examines the mediation role of self-efficacy, motivation to transfer, and authentic leadership between trainer and the training systems of commercial banks in Bangladesh. Data were collected from 625 employees of commercial banks in Bangladesh. Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM) was applied to test the hypotheses. Results revealed a significant and positive impact of trainer quality on self-efficacy and motivation to transfer of training. This study suggests that the policymakers and the training specialists should focus on self-efficacy and motivation to transfer
in giving training for improvement of the effectiveness of training in commercial banks of
Bangladesh.
in giving training for improvement of the effectiveness of training in commercial banks of
Bangladesh.
Research Interests:
Aims: Healthy economic development requires properly managing the banking industry of any country. Along with state-owned banks, private banks play a critical role in the country's economy. Managers in all types of banks now... more
Aims: Healthy economic development requires properly managing the banking industry of any country. Along with state-owned banks, private banks play a critical role in the country's economy. Managers in all types of banks now confront the same challenge: how to get the utmost output from their employees. Therefore, Performance appraisal appears to be inevitable since it set the standard for comparing actual performance to established objectives and recommending practical solutions that help the organization achieve sustainable growth. Therefore, the purpose of this research is to determine the effect of performance appraisal on employee motivation and retention.
Place and Duration of Study: The study was conducted in the private banking industry of Bangladesh between November 01, 2022, to March 30, 2023. The study duration was determined based on the scope of the research project and the availability of time and resources to complete it within the designated timeframe.
Methodology: A random sampling method was used to conduct the study through a structured questionnaire among 110 employees from various private banks. Questionnaires were used to collect quantitative data, which was then analyzed using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) 25.0 software.
Results: Major findings of the study indicate that performance appraisal is critical for employee motivation and employees perceived performance appraisal as a fair procedure, which increased their motivation and retention. Compensation and reward, and feedback are also perceived positively by the employees, which motivate them to stay in the banks.
Conclusion: There is a recommendation that banks should review the appraisal process regularly, improve the feedback policy, introduce an effective reward system, provide the opportunity to employees for career development and empowerment, and maintain a participative environment.
Place and Duration of Study: The study was conducted in the private banking industry of Bangladesh between November 01, 2022, to March 30, 2023. The study duration was determined based on the scope of the research project and the availability of time and resources to complete it within the designated timeframe.
Methodology: A random sampling method was used to conduct the study through a structured questionnaire among 110 employees from various private banks. Questionnaires were used to collect quantitative data, which was then analyzed using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) 25.0 software.
Results: Major findings of the study indicate that performance appraisal is critical for employee motivation and employees perceived performance appraisal as a fair procedure, which increased their motivation and retention. Compensation and reward, and feedback are also perceived positively by the employees, which motivate them to stay in the banks.
Conclusion: There is a recommendation that banks should review the appraisal process regularly, improve the feedback policy, introduce an effective reward system, provide the opportunity to employees for career development and empowerment, and maintain a participative environment.
Life insurance business in Bangladesh is growing with a great potential. There are 550,000 life insurance policyholders in the country with per capita policy of 0.00458. Insurance premium per capita is lower (US $1.00) in compared to many... more
Life insurance business in Bangladesh is growing with a great potential. There are 550,000 life insurance policyholders in the country with per capita policy of 0.00458. Insurance premium per capita is lower (US $1.00) in compared to many developing nations. The private sector is greatly dominating (68.15%) the industry at present (Ali 1999). Since 1988, the market share of private life insurance. has dramatically changed and the proportion has turned reverse in ten years (Appendix A). Life insurance in private sector is appreciated by the higher income group while, the public sector is more accepted by the lower and the middle group (Siddiqui, 1995). This inclination of the insured towards private sector is caused by the differences in service quality of insurance companies. In this consideration, insurance companies are required to keep abreast of the quality attributes in order to provide better facilities and services to their customers. But a very few studies have been conducted on service quality of life insurance companies in private sector in Bangladesh. Therefore, the insurers find it difficult to attune the gap between the services the customers require and the services they provide.
Garment industry is undergoing a continuous change due to a number of macro environmental factors concerned with technological, economic, social, cultural, political, and legal changes. Technological change is the most important one that... more
Garment industry is undergoing a continuous change due to a number of macro environmental factors concerned with technological, economic, social, cultural, political, and legal changes. Technological change is the most important one that creates negative impact on workers. The change modifies manufacturing processes by bringing new machines and production processes into the company and demands newer skills to the workers. Thus, one of the challenges of business globalization for the least developed countries is that technology change erodes the advantages of labor-intensive technology.This impact is concerned with the attitudes of job security, job satisfaction,, wok relations, and overall lives of the female workers.
Now-a-days, entertainment parks are one of the important segments of tourism industry of any country. Bangladesh is also a country with a full of attractive places for the visitors and tourists. Some of the entertainment parks are also... more
Now-a-days, entertainment parks are one of the important segments of tourism industry of any country. Bangladesh is also a country with a full of attractive places for the visitors and tourists. Some of the entertainment parks are also made by the private sector entrepreneurs in Bangladesh. Due to very fast growth of urbanization, people are deprived of enjoying natural attractive places due to their time constraints. Therefore, the entertainment park concept is becoming important in developing countries like Bangladesh. Along with natural tourists' spots, there are four main private sector entertainment parks in Bangladesh such as, Fantasy kingdom, Nandan Park, Sishu Park, and Foyez Lake that are located in Dhaka and Chittagong. The tourism sector's contribution to the economy is also increasing day by day. In 2017, it was 2.20 percent of the GDP and is expected to be 6.20 percent in 2018 1. To develop this sector, a diversified approach with the concentration on theme-based entertainment parks might be more attractive to the urban people of Bangladesh. A large number of visitors look for entertainment parks especially in Dhaka city. But the parks are extremely inadequate in numbers and also not in a good condition. Hence, this study identifies the visitors' perceptions about the entertainment parks located in Dhaka citycapital city of Bangladesh. This study has been conducted among the visitors who already visited entertainment parks of Dhaka city. To conduct this study, a total of 214 visitors were interviewed with the help of a structured questionnaire. Both descriptive and inferential statistics were used to analyze the data. Multivariate analysis techniques like factor analysis was performed to identify the factors related to the entertainment parks of Dhaka city. Multiple regression analysis was performed to identify the relationships between the factors and the overall conditions of the entertainment parks of Dhaka city. Results show that there are twelve factors that are important to the people of Dhaka city who frequently visit entertainment parks. The factors are: medical and first aid services, rides price and mobile network, road transport and discount facilities, trees and gardens, park employees behavior & sitting facilities, food and toilet facilities, picnic spot facilities, drinking water facilities, attractiveness of the park, quiet and noiseless, open for all ages of people, and availability of the rides. It is suggested that the park authority should focus on the mentioned factors to make the entertainment parks more attractive to the increased number of visitors of Dhaka city.
Workers’ engagement refers to the organizational conditions where all the members of an organization are committed to their organization’s goals and values, motivated to contribute to organizational success with an enhanced sense of their... more
Workers’ engagement refers to the organizational conditions where all the members of an organization are committed to their organization’s goals and values, motivated to contribute to organizational success with an enhanced sense of their own well-being (Little & Little, 2006).Positive engagement is expected by any organization because it makes workers well connected with their jobs, loyal, and increase willing to put extra effort to do their jobs just to accomplish their goals in the company. Readymade garment (RMG) industry of Bangladesh is the main earner of foreign currency that consists of more than75% of the country’s export earnings. But the workers of this industry are often found unengaged at their work due to the ill behavior of their supervisors, poor working conditions, lack of organization incentives, and the absence of motivational policies of the companies. Hence, this study aims at identifying the workers’ engagement factors of RMG industry of Bangladesh. This study interviewed 319 RMG workers from ten leading garment companies. Descriptive and inferential statistical techniques were used to analyze the data. Results show that the RMG workers engagement factors are: feeling the company as a great company, feeling proud and recommend others, access to learning and good career opportunity, knowing the development of the company, quality supervision and recognition for good jobs done, and manager cares the workers. This study suggests that the RMG policymakers should focus more on the supervision styles of the managers and appreciating policy of the companies that can help improving the engagement level of the workers in this industry of Bangladesh.
Recently in Bangladesh, frozen and ready-to-cook food industry is growing very fast due to high demand of these products by the city dwellers. These processed frozen and ready-to-cook food products are mainly related to fruits and... more
Recently in Bangladesh, frozen and ready-to-cook food industry is growing very fast due to high demand of these products by the city dwellers. These processed frozen and ready-to-cook food products are mainly related to fruits and vegetables, fish and meat-based products and wheat-based food products, etc. With the increase of population in the urban areas of Bangladesh, the citizens are becoming busy, families are becoming smaller, and the parents are getting associated with the jobs. As a result, people demand easy and "ready-to-cook" processed frozen food items. Families living in the cities are adopting their food habits towards frozen foods such as, processed meat, half boiled meat, processed fish, vegetables, fruits, porotah, samosa, shingara, pizza, etc. as these foods are easy to cook in a very short time. The reason for increased demand of these processed foods can also be attributed by the increased engagement of women at work and increased purchasing power of the people. Hence, this study aims at identifying the factors influencing the consumers' perception about the frozen and ready-to-cook food products on Bangladeshi people. A survey was conducted among 211 frozen and ready-to-cook food consumers of Dhaka city with a structured questionnaire. Both descriptive and inferential statistics were used to analyze the data. Factor analysis was conducted to identify the influencing factors related to the consumers' perception about frozen and readyto-cook food products. Regression analysis was accomplished to examine the impact of the factors on the overall consumers' preferences of the processed frozen and ready-to-cook food products. Results show that the factors which influence the perception of the consumers about frozen and ready-to-cook food products are concerned with saving time, helpful and economic, low price, variety and good for health, brand image and quality, availability of the frozen foods, taste of the food, and attractive packaging of the food. Individual factor relationships show that the factors such as, saving time, the foods are helpful and economic, low price, variety and good for health, brand image and quality, and availability of the foods are significant and the factors such as, good taste of the food and attractive packaging of the food are not significant in this study. This study suggests that the policymakers of the processed frozen and ready-tocook food product manufacturers should give importance on these factors for increasing the demand of the products among the city dwellers of Bangladesh.
The world is changing and it seems only "change is constant in this world" though Heraclitus, a Greek philosopher, foreseen that we have to adapt to changes to survive but the magnitude and the pace of changes were not in his wildest... more
The world is changing and it seems only "change is constant in this world" though Heraclitus, a Greek philosopher, foreseen that we have to adapt to changes to survive but the magnitude and the pace of changes were not in his wildest dreams may be. We live in a VUCA world nowin an environment of volatility, uncertainty, complexity and ambiguity (Warren Bennis and Burt Nanus, 1987), and this acronym VUCA is used in the US Army War College, Harvard, Forbes, and so on. Leadership in a VUCA world has books and articles published that emphasis adapt or die. On the other hand, it is leadership that is one of the most significant factors that gives companies competitive advantage. Competitive Advantages are achieved through judicious use of resources and capabilities, and a leader is the one who makes call on use of a company's core competence. Strategic decisions are made at top tier levels as vision and disseminated to all tiers of leadersmiddle to lower echelons and broken into goals, objectives, and tasks. From vision to missions to goals to objectives and tasks the orchestration and synchronization's require leaders at all levels to be effective.
This research examined the relationship between leaders' behaviour, emotional intelligence, competitive advantage, firm strategy and performance. The three-factor model of leadership behaviour linking competitive advantage and firm... more
This research examined the relationship between leaders' behaviour, emotional intelligence, competitive advantage, firm strategy and performance. The three-factor model of leadership behaviour linking competitive advantage and firm performance is a unique model tested in this research. This study is also one of the first attempts which survey 400 leaders from Bangladeshi companies to test this model in a developing country. Quantitative analyses revealed that relation-oriented behaviour significantly relates to firm performance through competitive advantage. The task and change-oriented leadership behaviours revealed a weaker version of the same association trend. The research also showed that emotional intelligence moderated the relationship between leader behaviours and competitive advantage, and firm strategy moderated the relationship between competitive advantage and firm performance. Results favoured a threefactor model that included change-oriented behaviour as the extension of the classic two-factor leadership behaviour model. This information will benefit organisations in several ways. Theoretically, it will fill the gap existing in the leadership literature. Practically, it will provide current leaders with the understanding required to enhance their leadership behaviour and use it to increase firm performance. Most importantly, firms may use these findings to design professional leadership training, improve employees' emotional intelligence, prepare future leaders, and sustain competitive advantage.
This paper attempts to identify the empowerment factors of rural women in Bangladesh through homestead poultry rearing practices. Data were collected from 75 rural women involved in poultry rearing practices through interviews using a... more
This paper attempts to identify the empowerment factors of rural women in Bangladesh through homestead poultry rearing practices. Data were collected from 75 rural women involved in poultry rearing practices through interviews using a structured questionnaire. Factor analysis was performed to identify the empowerment factors. Multiple regression analysis was used to identify the relationships between the six empowerment factors and the overall empowerment of rural women. The results show that homestead poultry rearing practices empower rural women. This study indicates that independent decision making authority and increased involvement in family affairs are positively associated with empowerment. The implications of these findings for rural women in Bangladesh are discussed.
Women’s leadership development in entrepreneurial business is critical to improving women’s participation in management and businesses in Bangladesh. Research shows that only seven percent of all business establishments in Bangladesh are... more
Women’s leadership development in entrepreneurial business is critical to improving women’s participation in management and businesses in Bangladesh. Research shows that only seven percent of all business establishments in Bangladesh are women-owned and women-headed. This limited ownership and development of women’s leadership behavior is a clear gap to be filled. Thus, the study aims to identify women’s leadership behavioral factors (WLBFs) and examine the causal relationship between WLBFs and women’s leadership behavior practices (WLBPs) in line with path–goal leadership theory. We conducted causal research, applying systematic sampling techniques in selecting participants and conducting interviews with 366 women entrepreneurs from the Bangladesh Women Chamber of Commerce and Industries database under seven administrative divisional headquarters. We analyzed data through exploratory factor analysis and structural equation modeling techniques. The results show that the factors internal to women as entrepreneurs (including entrepreneurial attitude, intentions, and workplace learning culture), the factors external to women as entrepreneurs (such as training and education), and socio-cultural factors are significantly related to the development of WLBPs. The external organizational behavior context was not significant. WLBPs help develop directive, supportive, participatory, and achievement-oriented leadership practices among women entrepreneurs in Bangladesh. This study suggests that policymakers, implementing managers, training service providers, and women entrepreneurs focus on entrepreneurial attitude, intention, education and skills development training, workplace learning culture, and socio-cultural support among women entrepreneurs in Bangladesh.
Needless to say that the universities are the main talent pipeline for the industry but unfortunately many university graduates fail to get employed and the root cause of this unemployment has always been a disparity of skills required by... more
Needless to say that the universities are the main talent pipeline for the industry but unfortunately many university graduates fail to get employed and the root cause of this unemployment has always been a disparity of skills required by the industry and the lack of practical knowledge of the graduates. Hence, it is imperative that academicians and the employers of the industries get on the one stand to ensure that higher education institutions are linked to contemporary industrial needs. Particularly, to boost multi-dimensional productivity among the graduates, the gap between industry and the academia must be minimized to enhance nationwide progress that will cover socioeconomic dimensions of a country like Bangladesh.
The study on job satisfaction of the senior level executives of Bangladesh showed that other than work itself there is not many strong motivating forces present to satisfy the executives. Both male and female executives have confirmed... more
The study on job satisfaction of the senior level executives of Bangladesh showed that other than work itself there is not many strong motivating forces present to satisfy the executives. Both male and female executives have confirmed that their companies recognize their good works and they are also clear about the goals of their organizations. It is noted that there is hardly any gender difference regarding job satisfaction, even though, there is less scope of promotion possibility in most of the organizations. Both male and female executives expressed relatively higher level of agreement about their liking of coworkers and enjoying their jobs and company, suggesting less sex discrimination, though they mildly agreed that there is bickering and fighting at work. Regarding satisfaction on benefits received the male executives are found somewhat less satisfied compared to the female executives. Interestingly enough both the groups have indicated that there are benefits, which they don't enjoy at present, but they should have those benefits in future and should be given more
frequently than the current practice. It is noted that there exists red-tapism in the organization. Both the groups preferred to choose an indifferent view on their opportunity for advancement and payments received from the company. A higher level of agreement on the part of male executives on good communication in their organization may be explained by the fact that because of social and cultural reasons female executives may not enjoy easy and direct communication access compared to their male counterpart even in the office set up.
frequently than the current practice. It is noted that there exists red-tapism in the organization. Both the groups preferred to choose an indifferent view on their opportunity for advancement and payments received from the company. A higher level of agreement on the part of male executives on good communication in their organization may be explained by the fact that because of social and cultural reasons female executives may not enjoy easy and direct communication access compared to their male counterpart even in the office set up.
The study is aimed at evaluating the views of consumers and retailers of Bangladesh regarding fairness. lt can be said that fairness in not anything that is universally consistent. Though fairness in business is recognized all over the... more
The study is aimed at evaluating the views of consumers and retailers of Bangladesh regarding fairness. lt can be said that fairness in not anything that is universally consistent. Though fairness in business is recognized all over the world, nevertheless, it is viewed that it sometimes works against the profit seeking. The study shows that the attitude towards fairness depends a lot on the operating environment of business. The opinion regarding fairness of the retailers and the consumers is also sometimes different due to differences in their expectations. The study reveals that the views of the two groups are alike. The retailers are found very much community concerned and not always profit seekers. On the other hand, the consumers approve of rational price rise by the retailers. This behavior of both the groups is mainly due to the culture, religion and social norms of Bangladesh.
Although, the economy of Bangladesh is primarily dependent on agriculture, Readymade Garment (RMG) industry has emerged as the largest earner foreign currency of Bangladesh in recent years. More than 75% of foreign earnings are coming... more
Although, the economy of Bangladesh is primarily dependent on agriculture, Readymade Garment (RMG) industry has emerged as the largest earner foreign currency of Bangladesh in recent years. More than 75% of foreign earnings are coming through export from this very important sector of Bangladesh. In study of Islam & Chowdhuri, [1] presently more than four million workers are working in 4,500 RMG companies of Bangladesh in which 90% are illiterate women who are from the rural areas of the country. The policymakers and the employers of this sector claim that the growth of garment sector has helped employing a huge number of rural women that has subsequently developed their socioeconomic. But, it is a concern of the national and internal observers that the compliances like factory laws, industrial relations laws, employment laws, payment of wages laws, ILO standards, ethics applied in this sector are hardly followed by the RMG companies that make the lives of the workers very misery. Sometimes, the female workers are exploited by employing more hours a day without the payment of overtime by capitalizing their illiteracy and submissiveness. Hence, this paper aims at identifying the level of application of the labor laws and the compliances in RMG industry of Bangladesh that is the only protective measures of the large number of female workers of this sector of Bangladesh. A total of 238 workers of this sector were interviewed in this study with a structured questionnaire. Multivariate analysis techniques such as, Factor Analysis and Multiple Regression Analysis were used to analyze the data. Results show that in case of measures for protecting sexual harassment there is a severe problem of the use of the labor laws in this sector followed by physical movement and access control, exit and access path of the company, working hours, and counseling arrangements in the company. This study suggests that the readymade garment companies should address the sexual harassment issue seriously so that the workers will feel safe at their work. They also should focus more on the safety issues, working hours, and counseling of the workers in order to make the working environment more favorable to the workers.
This study attempts to identify the critical success factors for strengthening and development of poultry entrepreneurs in Bangladesh. Multivariate analysis using factor analysis technique has been used to analyze the data. Fifteen... more
This study attempts to identify the critical success factors for strengthening and development of poultry entrepreneurs in Bangladesh. Multivariate analysis using factor analysis technique has been used to analyze the data. Fifteen factors were identified as crucial for success in poultry business. These factors explain more than eighty percent of the variability of data. The results show that the entrepreneurial success of poultry business highly depends on sociopolitical orientation of the entrepreneurs. Achievement motivation, efficiency, commitment towards work, dynamism, and self_confidence are also found to be crucial for success in poultry firm operation. The other factors include profit seeking, flexibility, instant decision making capability, cooperation from the stakeholders, independence, knowledge of technology, continuous adjustment with environment, learning by experience, and enjoying work.
This article studied both serving and retired military officers’ opinions, the ex-military leaders serving in companies in Bangladesh, and compared them to corporate leaders of other backgrounds. The study triangulated the views of mass,... more
This article studied both serving and retired military officers’ opinions, the ex-military leaders serving in companies in Bangladesh, and compared them to corporate leaders of other backgrounds. The study triangulated the views of mass, employers who employed ex-military with that of the officer’s view. The study finds that though military leaders in some places lack the technical knowledge they perform better in any corporate role. However, mass people think military veterans make good administrators. All corners of the triangle though agreed discipline, uprightness with sincerity and dedication give the retired soldiers an upper hand.
In today's internet-enabled era, the learning processes of students are not effective without the integration of Information and Communication Technology (ICT) into the learning practices. This study aimed at identifying the impact of ICT... more
In today's internet-enabled era, the learning processes of students are not effective without the integration of Information and Communication Technology (ICT) into the learning practices. This study aimed at identifying the impact of ICT on learning processes of the students enrolled in different private universities of Bangladesh. A total of 277 respondents were chosen through convenience sampling and were interviewed using a structured questionnaire. The results obtained from Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA) divulged that eight factors integrated students' learning processes and the use of ICT. Subsequently, five
factors were found to be significant through multiple regression analysis. Among the eight factors identified, the role of factors for training skills and willingness of Information Technology (IT) staff and internet-based communication were further corroborated using Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) analysis. This study concluded that ICT facilities of the private universities significantly influenced the effectiveness of learning process of the university students. If the authorities of the private universities in Bangladesh would emphasize upon improving the aforementioned factors, the overall learning process of the students would become more effective and could lead to better academic performance thereby.
factors were found to be significant through multiple regression analysis. Among the eight factors identified, the role of factors for training skills and willingness of Information Technology (IT) staff and internet-based communication were further corroborated using Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) analysis. This study concluded that ICT facilities of the private universities significantly influenced the effectiveness of learning process of the university students. If the authorities of the private universities in Bangladesh would emphasize upon improving the aforementioned factors, the overall learning process of the students would become more effective and could lead to better academic performance thereby.
There is a very high demand of the street foods in Dhaka city of Bangladesh. The reasons can be attributed by the tastes and varieties of foods, easily accessibility, low price, readily made, attraction to the foods, and above all, needs... more
There is a very high demand of the street foods in Dhaka city of Bangladesh. The reasons can be attributed by the tastes and varieties of foods, easily accessibility, low price, readily made, attraction to the foods, and above all, needs of the street people. Dhaka is the most populous city of Bangladesh. It is also the capital of the country. There are more than 18 million people, as of 2016 in Greater Dhaka city, living here in this city. It is also one of the most populated cities in the world with a density of 23,234 people per square kilometer within a total area of 300 square kilometers. Street food entrepreneurs are still unable to fulfill the demands of this huge population of this city. Due to the rise in income of the city dwellers, they are coming out from their congested houses to the parks and streets on the vacations and holidays and eating street foods. Sometimes, this is a fashion of the young people eating foods standing at the street. Although, a significant portion of these people think that the street foods are unhygienic and unhealthy even then they eat those foods when they are outside their houses. Therefore, this paper seeks to identify the reasons for which the street foods are eaten by the people living in Dhaka city. This study has been conducted among the people who eat street foods at their leisure time or vacations. To conduct this study, a total of 340 street food lovers were interviewed with the help of a structured questionnaire. Both descriptive and inferential statistics were used to analyze the data. Multivariate analysis techniques were used to identify the factors having influence on the habits of street food eaters in Dhaka city. The confirmatory factor analysis identified six factors such as, pleasure and soundness, convenience and variety, cost, attractiveness, food value, & taste and image. Results also show that the street food eating habit of the people of Dhaka City is significantly influenced by the pleasure and soundness, convenience and variety, cost, and attractiveness to the foods. This study suggests that the tastes and variety of street foods, accessibility, price and attractiveness should be emphasized to increase the attraction of the street food eaters towards the street foods in Dhaka City of Bangladesh.
Super market is a new and special addition with the retail stores of Bangladesh. Since the inception of Agora's journey in 2001, the Bangladeshi supermarket sector has taken a steady growth in the country. The super market domestic... more
Super market is a new and special addition with the retail stores of Bangladesh. Since the inception of Agora's journey in 2001, the Bangladeshi supermarket sector has taken a steady growth in the country. The super market domestic industry now stands at around BDT 1,500 crore (LightCastle Blog, 2015).Currently, there are 121 supermarkets in the country which is largely dominated by three major players-Shwapno, Agora, Meena BazarandNandan (BSOA-Business Supermarkets Owners' Association).Due to the shift income of Bangladeshi people towards the middle income status, all the subsequent advantages including per capita raiseand urbanization are expediting this industry's profitability and growth. With rapid urbanization, super market industry of Bangladesh is expected to grow by almost 15 times of its current size by 2021. Positive economic externalities such as, generation of employment through SMEs, high food safety and security, price stability, and inclusive business development are expected to accompany this growth and development process. Due to the increasing demand of super markets, the satisfaction of the customers became an important issue to the entrepreneurs in this industry. Hence, this study aims at identifying the level of customers' satisfaction of the super markets in Bangladesh. Both primary and secondary data were collected and analyzed in this study. The primary data were collected directly from the customers of the different super markets of Bangladesh. Two hundred elevensuper market customers were interviewed with the help of a structured questionnaire. Multivariate analysis was performed to identify the satisfaction related factors and the relationships between the factors and the overall satisfaction of the customers. This study identified factors influencing the customer satisfaction of super markets in Bangladesh are concerned withpersonalinteraction of the
Although, the economy of Bangladesh is primarily dependent on agriculture, Readymade Garment (RMG) industry has emerged as the largest earner foreign currency of Bangladesh in recent years. More than 75% of foreign earnings are coming... more
Although, the economy of Bangladesh is primarily dependent on agriculture, Readymade Garment (RMG) industry has emerged as the largest earner foreign currency of Bangladesh in recent years. More than 75% of foreign earnings are coming through export from this very important sector of Bangladesh. In study of Islam & Chowdhuri, [1] presently more than four million workers are working in 4,500 RMG companies of Bangladesh in which 90% are illiterate women who are from the rural areas of the country. The policymakers and the employers of this sector claim that the growth of garment sector has helped employing a huge number of rural women that has subsequently developed their socioeconomic. But, it is a concern of the national and internal observers that the compliances like factory laws, industrial relations laws, employment laws, payment of wages laws, ILO standards, ethics applied in this sector are hardly followed by the RMG companies that make the lives of the workers very misery. Sometimes, the female workers are exploited by employing more hours a day without the payment of overtime by capitalizing their illiteracy and submissiveness. Hence, this paper aims at identifying the level of application of the labor laws and the compliances in RMG industry of Bangladesh that is the only protective measures of the large number of female workers of this sector of Bangladesh. A total of 238 workers of this sector were interviewed in this study with a structured questionnaire. Multivariate analysis techniques such as, Factor Analysis and Multiple Regression Analysis were used to analyze the data. Results show that in case of measures for protecting sexual harassment there is a severe problem of the use of the labor laws in this sector followed by physical movement and access control, exit and access path of the company, working hours, and counseling arrangements in the company. This study suggests that the readymade garment companies should address the sexual harassment issue seriously so that the workers will feel safe at their work. They also should focus more on the safety issues, working hours, and counseling of the workers in order to make the working environment more favorable to the workers.
Training Need Assessment (TNA) is a process to identify the gap between current performance and the departmental objectives. It's a diagnostic tool that helps reducing the gap between employee skills and the skills required by the job.... more
Training Need Assessment (TNA) is a process to identify the gap between current performance and the departmental objectives. It's a diagnostic tool that helps reducing the gap between employee skills and the skills required by the job. Effective training need assessment forms the basis or benchmark for determining the effectiveness of the training programs. This study aims at identifying the effectiveness of TNA practices of the private sector banks of Bangladesh. As the respondents are highly qualified and work directly in the HR and Training Departments of the banks, a sample size of 100 was deemed appropriate for this study. The respondent managers were chosen by using convenience sampling method. A structured questionnaire was developed to collect the pertinent information from the HR and Training Managers of 10 leading private sector banks of Bangladesh. The data were analyzed by using descriptive statistics. Results show that the reasons for declining the performance of the bankers are directly concerned with the lack of positive attitude toward job, lack of motivation and dissatisfaction about the job. Results also show that only few need assessment techniques such as, management audit, interview customers and employees, written tests, assessment centre, survey, and individual development plans are used by the banks to assess the training needs in Bangladesh. This study also identified unavailability of training programs, location of training venue, lack of managerial support, capacity of the trainees, budget of the training, and the length of training programs are the most important hindrances for improving the effectives of the training programs of the banks. It is suggested that the effectiveness of TNA and training programs can be increased by improving training environment, managing organization, service quality, time management, leadership, and increase budgets of the training programs of the private sector banks in Bangladesh.
Banking sector is the most prominent and stable sector compared to other industrial sectors of Bangladesh. At present there are fifty-nine scheduled banks including forty-eight private commercial banks in Bangladesh operating under the... more
Banking sector is the most prominent and stable sector compared to other industrial sectors of Bangladesh. At present there are fifty-nine
scheduled banks including forty-eight private commercial banks in Bangladesh operating under the regulation of the central bank of Bangladesh - Bangladesh Bank. There is a paramount importance of manpower planning of these commercial banks for achieving competitive advantage, banks’ strategic objectives and keeping this sector stable in the economy. The basic function of manpower planning in a bank is to identify the future needs and availability of human resources along with the skills required to perform bank’s activities to achieve their strategic goals. Hence, this paper aims at evaluating the effectiveness of manpower planning practices of the private banks in Bangladesh. This study is based on a survey of 206 employees of different levels of commercial banks of Bangladesh. Both descriptive and inferential statistics were used to analyze the data. Descriptive statistics were used to describe the present manpower planning practices of the commercial banking sector of Bangladesh. Inferential statistics like factor analysis and multiple regression analysis were used to identify the relationships between the manpower planning practices and the factors that are concerned with effectiveness of manpower planning practices of the commercial banks in Bangladesh. Results show that Delphi technique and skill inventory practices and key position auditing techniques are the significant manpower planning techniques of the
commercial banks in Bangladesh. Factors like timely planning and audit, evenly distribution of work, addressing job turnover, adequate workload,
and comprehensive recruitment plan are also significantly related to the overall effectiveness of manpower planning practices of the commercial
banks in Bangladesh. This study suggests that the policymakers of the banks of Bangladesh should give importance on timely planning and audit,
evenly distribution of work, addressing job turnover, providing adequate workload, and comprehensive recruitment plan in order to bring
effectiveness of manpower planning practices in the commercial banks of Bangladesh. The policymakers also should adopt Delphi technique and
skill inventory practices, and key position auditing techniques in order to make manpower planning more effective in the banks.
scheduled banks including forty-eight private commercial banks in Bangladesh operating under the regulation of the central bank of Bangladesh - Bangladesh Bank. There is a paramount importance of manpower planning of these commercial banks for achieving competitive advantage, banks’ strategic objectives and keeping this sector stable in the economy. The basic function of manpower planning in a bank is to identify the future needs and availability of human resources along with the skills required to perform bank’s activities to achieve their strategic goals. Hence, this paper aims at evaluating the effectiveness of manpower planning practices of the private banks in Bangladesh. This study is based on a survey of 206 employees of different levels of commercial banks of Bangladesh. Both descriptive and inferential statistics were used to analyze the data. Descriptive statistics were used to describe the present manpower planning practices of the commercial banking sector of Bangladesh. Inferential statistics like factor analysis and multiple regression analysis were used to identify the relationships between the manpower planning practices and the factors that are concerned with effectiveness of manpower planning practices of the commercial banks in Bangladesh. Results show that Delphi technique and skill inventory practices and key position auditing techniques are the significant manpower planning techniques of the
commercial banks in Bangladesh. Factors like timely planning and audit, evenly distribution of work, addressing job turnover, adequate workload,
and comprehensive recruitment plan are also significantly related to the overall effectiveness of manpower planning practices of the commercial
banks in Bangladesh. This study suggests that the policymakers of the banks of Bangladesh should give importance on timely planning and audit,
evenly distribution of work, addressing job turnover, providing adequate workload, and comprehensive recruitment plan in order to bring
effectiveness of manpower planning practices in the commercial banks of Bangladesh. The policymakers also should adopt Delphi technique and
skill inventory practices, and key position auditing techniques in order to make manpower planning more effective in the banks.
There is a paramount importance of the Readymade Garments (RMG) industry of Bangladesh as it is the highest contributor in earning foreign exchange for the country. But the industry is facing stiff competition from other RMG producing... more
There is a paramount importance of the Readymade Garments (RMG) industry of Bangladesh as it is the highest contributor in earning foreign exchange for the country. But the industry is facing stiff competition from other RMG producing countries including China, India, and Sri Lanka of the world. Hence, competitiveness especially at the manufacturing level became important for this industry. An efficient Supply Chain Management can increase the competitiveness and the satisfaction of the customers. Nowadays, SCM plays an integral part of a firm's success as it allows firms to quickly deliver products to the end-user for a low cost. Hence, RMG companies have very limited options other than implementing SCM as a strategy in order to remain competitive. This study intends to identify the impediments in applying sound SCM in the RMG industry. A mixed research method with a questionnaire survey has been employed for determining the impediments objectively. Use of descriptive analysis and Kendall Coefficient of Concordance have been made for ranking the challenges. This study found workplace safety, unavailability of raw materials and political instability are the major impediments for SCM applications in the RMG industry of Bangladesh.
Telecom industry is a booming industry in Bangladesh. This industry has seen a tremendous growth in mobile penetration that has exceeded all expectations with over 154 million subscribers as of August 2018 versus only 4 million in 2004.... more
Telecom industry is a booming industry in Bangladesh. This industry has seen a tremendous growth in mobile penetration that has exceeded all expectations with over 154 million subscribers as of August 2018 versus only 4 million in 2004. To ensure sustainable growth of this large industry, the organizations have to recruit and retain their intellectual resources. In this age of highly volatile business environment, telecom companies of Bangladesh are continuously exposed by the job changing attitude of their valued employees. The employees are prone to switch their jobs to make their career advancements rather than focusing on the fundamental development of their organizations. They leave organizations for numerous reasons ranging from financial to personal ambition and in some case supervisor"s behavior, organizational culture and the working environment. Hence, this paper aims at identifying the significant factors that influence employee turnover in telecom industry of Bangladesh. The purpose of the study is to identify the factors that lead to employee turnover in these organizations. To conduct this research, 206 telecom employees at different levels were selected from three largest telecom companies of Bangladesh and interviewed. The sampled companies are: Grameen Phone Ltd, Robi Axiata Ltd, Banglalink Digital Communications Ltd. A structured questionnaire was used to collect primary information which was scored according to the liker-scale. Both descriptive and inferential statistics were used in analyzing data collected from survey. Multivariate analysis technique like factor analysis was performed to identify the factors of the turnover intention of the telecom employees in Bangladesh. Multiple regressions were run to identify the relationships between the factors identified and the overall turnover intention of the employees in this sector. The results show that there are seven factors concerning the turnover intension of the telecom sector industry of Bangladesh. The factors are: dishonesty and conflict with the supervisor, fulfillment of personal demand and promotion, supervisor change induces job switch, unfair performance influence turnover, alternative employee affects turnover, geographic location affects turnover decision, and fringe benefits help staying in the company.
Bangladesh is a densely populated country of the world. More than 170 million people live in this country. Mobile banking is a very important and new phenomenon in Bangladesh. In recent years, mobile banking has got highest importance by... more
Bangladesh is a densely populated country of the world. More than 170 million people live in this country. Mobile banking is a very important and new phenomenon in Bangladesh. In recent years, mobile banking has got highest importance by the customers in the country as it provides immense scope for consumers for banking transactions at any time with the option to access bank's facilities anywhere of the country. It is a subset of electronic banking, the use of which is increasing day by day in Bangladesh. Hence, this paper aims at indentifying the factors that influence the customer experience in mobile banking in Bangladesh. This study is based on a survey of 231 mobile banking customers of nine private commercial banks of Bangladesh. Literature review identified some factors related to mobile banking like convenient and responsive system, transaction speed and accuracy, reliability, transaction security in ATM booth and technological difficulty that affect customers' experience in mobile banking systems etc. Both descriptive and inferential statistics were used to analyze the data. Descriptive statistics were used to describe the present situation of the mobile banking systems in Bangladesh.
Training and development activities in the banking sector of Bangladesh are quite extensive due to the compliance requirements for the central bank and other banks. These training programmes focus not only on increasing knowledge but also... more
Training and development activities in the banking sector of Bangladesh are quite extensive due to the compliance requirements for the central bank and other banks. These training programmes focus not only on increasing knowledge but also on transferring that knowledge to the job. However, the effectiveness with which training is transferred primarily depends on the motivation to transfer. There is extant research from recent years on the motivation to transfer training in different industries and in this sector. However, little is known about the motivation to transfer training in the banking industry of Bangladesh. Thus, this study attempts to identify the factors that influence the motivation to transfer training in the banking sector of Bangladesh. A sample of 275 employees who obtained training from banks was surveyed using a structured questionnaire. Data were analysed using the structural equation modelling (SEM) technique. The results show that self-efficacy, supervisory support and opportunity to perform have a significant impact on the motivation to transfer training in the banking industry of Bangladesh. This study suggests that the supervisory styles and working environment of banks play the most important role in motivating employees to transfer training in this sector of Bangladesh.
Life insurance business in Bangladesh is growing with a great potential. There are 550,000 life insurance policyholders in the country with per capita policy of 0.00458. Insurance premium per capita is lower (US $1.00) in compared to many... more
Life insurance business in Bangladesh is growing with a great potential. There are 550,000 life insurance policyholders in the country with per capita policy of 0.00458. Insurance premium per capita is lower (US $1.00) in compared to many developing nations. The private sector is greatly dominating (68.15%) the industry at present (Ali 1999). Since 1988, the market share of private life insurance. has dramatically changed and the proportion has turned reverse in ten years (Appendix A). Life insurance in private sector is appreciated by the higher income group while, the public sector is more accepted by the lower and the middle group (Siddiqui, 1995). This inclination of the insured towards private sector is caused by the differences in service quality of insurance companies. In this consideration, insurance companies are required to keep abreast of the quality attributes in order to provide better facilities and services to their customers. But a very few studies have been conducted on service quality of life insurance companies in private sector in Bangladesh. Therefore, the insurers find it difficult to attune the gap between the services the customers require and the services they provide.
The abstracts are shown by sessions. Please note that there may be some changes to the sessions but all presenting authors will be notied of changes at the conference.
Light Engineering Workshops (LEW) in Bangladesh is a very important industry that meets about thirty percent of the total domestic manufacturing and service demands of the country. About 40,000 light engineering workshops or enterprises... more
Light Engineering Workshops (LEW) in Bangladesh is a very important industry that meets about thirty percent of the total domestic manufacturing and service demands of the country. About 40,000 light engineering workshops or enterprises are found scattered in major cities and towns of Bangladesh. As these workshops are scattered throughout the country, it can be assumed that this industry generates employment in a wider span of areas all over the country. This industry is currently producing nearly 3,900 types of quality machinery, spares parts, and accessories for helping different industrial sectors of Bangladesh. The light engineering industry can mainly be categorized into three types such as, domestic manufacturing, domestic servicing, and export-oriented manufacturing and the enterprises are comprised of three major groups such as, foundries, machine shops, and repair workshops. Most of the raw materials of this industry are extracted from ship scraps or imported from India, Thailand, Japan, Turkey, Malaysia and China. This industry has been contributing to the growth of other industries namely, food processing, railway, shipping, garments, cement, paper, textile, vehicle spare parts manufacturing, and so on by supplying various types of machineries, spare parts, and repairing services. This industry contributes 2.20 percent to the GDP which is higher than the foreign aid Bangladesh receives every year. Hence, this paper aims at identifying the factors that influence the development of light engineering workshop entrepreneurs in Bangladesh. A sample of 211 entrepreneurs was surveyed using a structured questionnaire. Data were analyzed using the Exploratory Factor Analysis and Multiple Regression Analysis techniques. The results show that the factors influencing the development of light engineering entrepreneurs in Bangladesh are concerned with legal facilities, financial facilities, logistic supports, technical and technological assistance, capital support and training and educational assistance. This study suggests that both government and non-government organizations can help developing light engineering workshop entrepreneurs in Bangladesh by providing stimulatory, supporting and sustaining supports to these enterprises.
International Conference on “Business Management and Social Sciences: Challenges and Ways Forward in the Post-Pandemic Era” is an interdisciplinary international conference. This conference invited academia, scholars, researchers and... more
International Conference on “Business Management and Social Sciences: Challenges and Ways Forward in the Post-Pandemic Era” is an interdisciplinary international conference. This conference invited academia, scholars, researchers and industry experts from around the world to meet and exchange their ideas, research findings and discuss issues concerning business management, economics and social sciences for sustainable development in the post Covid period. This conference is scheduled during 29-30 December 2022, Thursday-Friday in Northern University Bangladesh Campus, Ashkona, Airport, Uttara, Dhaka, Bangladesh. The conference is organized by Northern University Bangladesh in association with Global Business and Management Forum (GBMF), USA. The prime focus of the conference is to promote research and development in the fields of business management, economics and social sciences, which can contribute towards sustainability of business, industry and the society in the post Covid era. The conference will be an ideal platform for presenting and discussing the most recent issues, innovations, trends, and practical challenges encountered in the Covid-19 and the solutions adopted in the fields of business management, economics, and social sciences for sustainable development agenda pertaining to business, economy and society.
The economic outlook for South Asia is highly divergent across the countries. There are some economies including Bangladesh, Bhutan and India, where economic conditions are largely positive, with GDP growth projected to remain robust in... more
The economic outlook for South Asia is highly divergent across the countries. There are some economies including Bangladesh, Bhutan and India, where economic conditions are largely positive, with GDP growth projected to remain robust in the near future. In contrast, the outlook in Pakistan has visibly deteriorated. Consequently, regional GDP growth slowed down markedly in 2018. Yet, given the large size of the Indian economy, on the aggregate, the regional outlook is still moderately favorable, especially in comparison to other developing regions of the world.
Over the past few years, South Asia has sustained a period of robust growth that has lifted up many living in poverty, and made notable progress in health and education sector. Despite robust economic growth, South Asian countries account for only 3% of world’s GDP and nearly 40% of its inhabitants live on less than $1.25 per day. The scary challenges from climate change, environmental degradation, and increasing inequalities are also causing serious threats to South Asia’s economic growth and prosperity. Nevertheless, the World Bank reports that between 2013 and 2016, growth in South Asian countries increased from 6.2% to 7.5% while growth rates of other developing nations remained flat or even turned negative. In the coming years, the World Bank expects countries in South Asia to continue this growth trajectory, estimated at 6.7% in 2021.
Over the past few years, South Asia has sustained a period of robust growth that has lifted up many living in poverty, and made notable progress in health and education sector. Despite robust economic growth, South Asian countries account for only 3% of world’s GDP and nearly 40% of its inhabitants live on less than $1.25 per day. The scary challenges from climate change, environmental degradation, and increasing inequalities are also causing serious threats to South Asia’s economic growth and prosperity. Nevertheless, the World Bank reports that between 2013 and 2016, growth in South Asian countries increased from 6.2% to 7.5% while growth rates of other developing nations remained flat or even turned negative. In the coming years, the World Bank expects countries in South Asia to continue this growth trajectory, estimated at 6.7% in 2021.
Entrepreneurship development and economic prosperity are interlinked in many phases. Entrepreneurship development boosts up economic growth by introducing innovative technologies, products, and services. Through the increased competition... more
Entrepreneurship development and economic prosperity are interlinked in many phases. Entrepreneurship development boosts up economic growth by introducing innovative technologies, products, and services. Through the increased competition from the entrepreneurs the existing business firms become more competitive. Entrepreneurs create new job opportunities in the economy, helps in formation of capital, improvement in per capita income, enhancement in Living Standards, Economic Independence and Backward and Forward Linkages. Hence, the development of entrepreneurship is the key for the development process of any country in the world. Whatever be the form of economic and political set-up of a country, entrepreneurship is indispensable for the economic prosperity and the development of standard of living of the people.
Needless to say that the women entrepreneurs of Bangladesh lack behind in economic advancement and decision making abilities compared to men business entrepreneurs. Research shows that only seven percent of the total business... more
Needless to say that the women entrepreneurs of Bangladesh lack behind in economic advancement and decision making abilities compared to men business entrepreneurs. Research shows that only seven percent of the total business establishments are owned and headed by women which are negligible in number in a country where more than 170 million people live. One of the reasons of poor development of women entrepreneurship is limited decision making abilities of the women at different level of the society. Hence, this study aims at identifying the factors related to the development of women decision making abilities among the women business entrepreneurs. This is a causal research and this study used primary data collected from the women entrepreneurs of seven administrative divisional head-quarters of Bangladesh enlisted in Bangladesh Women Chamber of Commerce and Industry (BWCCI) database. The study used both probability and non-probability sampling techniques to select 395 women business entrepreneurs who are involved in SME businesses for interview. The data were analyzed by using Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA) and Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) techniques. The results show that the factors concerning women business entrepreneurship activities such as, enterprise management, enterprise resourcing, generating business ideas, and harvesting and growth are significantly related to the development of women entrepreneurship in Bangladesh. And the development of entrepreneurship helps developing decision making abilities of the women entrepreneurs. The entrepreneurial factors that help to improve the abilities of decision making of the women entrepreneurs are concerned with cognitive, affective and psycho-motor factors. This study suggests that the policy makers of this sector should emphasize the enhancement of the decision making abilities of the women in formulating the SME policy for the sustainable economic development of Bangladesh.
Information and Communication Technology (ICT) is an integral part of business management now-a-day. It is inevitable for the smooth running of business irrespective of size and complexity. Due to the rapid development of ICT and its huge... more
Information and Communication Technology (ICT) is an integral part of business management now-a-day. It is inevitable for the smooth running of business irrespective of size and complexity. Due to the rapid development of ICT and its huge use in all spheres of our lives, businesses are also substantially influenced by it. Now, the resources of the businesses are primarily managed by using ICT supports that helps perform tasks faster and more accurate than before. But the developing countries are still struggling to introduce ICT supports in all areas of business management processes as the effort is substantially hindered by a strong but ineffective work culture. Therefore, to use ICT in business management we need to know the issues and challenges of it.
Bangladesh is a rapidly developing nation growing with a target of a middle-income country by the end of the year 2021. In order to achieve this goal, it is necessary to include women in the economic activities who are 49.56% of the total... more
Bangladesh is a rapidly developing nation growing with a target of a middle-income country by the end of the year 2021. In order to achieve this goal, it is necessary to include women in the economic activities who are 49.56% of the total population of the country. Rapid development requires the involvement of women in every sector considering the male to female ratio of the population is almost equal. It is observed that there is a significant rise in the rate of business formation by the Bangladeshi women in recent years which was in man’s domain in past. As women are much more likely to devote their earnings to their families and the communities, they are contributing more to the economic welfare of the country. But the success of these women entrepreneurs depends on a number of factors which are often beyond their control. Therefore, this study aims at identifying the factors affecting the success of female entrepreneurs in Bangladesh. One hundred seventy seven female business entrepreneurs were interviewed in this study with a structured questionnaire. Both descriptive and inferential statistics were used to analyze the data. Multivariate analyzing techniques like factor analysis was performed to identify the factors affecting the success of the women entrepreneurs in Bangladesh. Multivariate regressions were performed to identify the relationships between the factors identified and the overall success of the women entrepreneurs in Bangladesh. Results show that the factors like efficiency in dealing unexpected events, freedom in the family, technical skills, and commanding style in leadership are significant success factors of the women entrepreneurs in Bangladesh.
Advanced technologies especially remote-sensing technologies, complemented by improved computational, communications infrastructure, and technical training, are continuing to provide opportunities for the developing countries to reap... more
Advanced technologies especially remote-sensing technologies, complemented by improved computational, communications infrastructure, and technical training, are continuing to provide opportunities for the developing countries to reap economic and societal benefits through improved analysis and prediction. This requires advanced knowledge on big data, Internet of Things (IoT) and data analytics for making effective management decisions in the organizations. However, developing countries are hardly ready to accept these challenges of advanced technologies due to lack of technological acquaintance.
The economic development of a developing country like Bangladesh depends on the development of entrepreneurship that again depends on the entrepreneurial intensions of the university graduates. But the intensions of the graduates are... more
The economic development of a developing country like Bangladesh depends on the development of entrepreneurship that again depends on the entrepreneurial intensions of the university graduates. But the intensions of the graduates are outlawed by a number of factors which are external and internal in nature. Therefore, this study aims at identifying the factors that prevent or discourage the university graduates of Bangladesh to initiate new business. To conduct the study, 210 recent business graduates were chosen and interviewed from eleven universities-five government universities and six private universities of Bangladesh. All the respondent interviewees were the recent business graduates. A structured questionnaire with five points Likert scale was used to collect primary data from the respondent graduates. Both descriptive and inferential statistics were used to analyze the data. Descriptive statistics were used to describe the present situation of the entrepreneurship development in Bangladesh. Inferential statistics like factor analysis and multiple regression analysis were used to identify the relationships between the overall entrepreneurship development and the specific factor(s) that prohibit university graduates to be entrepreneurial in Bangladesh. The study found that the lack of confidence and calmness in confronting difficulties, lack of aspiration to be a successful boss, lack of favorable environment for entrepreneurial activities, lack of encouragement and learning on entrepreneurship, and lack of capital and business knowledge are significant prohibiting factors for the business graduates to be entrepreneurial in Bangladesh. This study suggests that the policymakers should focus more on entrepreneurship learning at the university level, availability of capital, and creation of favorable business environment for the development of entrepreneurship in Bangladesh.
This paper aims at identifying the factors for introducing health insurance schemes in the rural areas of Bangladesh. A survey has been conducted among 148 rural people to explore the factors. The respondents were located in two villages... more
This paper aims at identifying the factors for introducing health insurance schemes in the rural areas of Bangladesh. A survey has been conducted among 148 rural people to explore the factors. The respondents were located in two villages named Rajbadh and Sachibunia of Batiaghata Upazila under the district of Khulna, Bangladesh. In analyzing data, both descriptive and inferential statistics were used. Descriptive statistics such as mean, standard deviation, percentage etc. have been used to explain the characteristics of the respondents and background of the study. Multivariate analysis such as, factor analysis has been performed to identify the factors important to introduce health insurance policy in the rural areas. Multiple regressions have been performed to explore the relationships between the rural health insurance factors and the overall factors. The results show that the awareness about health insurance policy, capacity to pay premium, efforts of NGOs and other social organizations, availability of modern medication facilities, availability of certified doctors, and diversified health insurance policies have significant relationships with the overall factors. The overall factors are defined as the socioeconomic and industrial factors such as, level of socioeconomic development, purchasing power of the rural people, the development of insurance industry, growth and influence of international insurance market in Bangladesh, etc. This indicates that if there were a change in these factors there would be a change in the overall factors. This study suggests a 'Two-Way Interactive Model' to address the health problems of the rural people of Bangladesh. First, there should be more initiative to make the rural people aware about the merits of the health insurance by both the government and nongovernment sectors and second, micro health insurance projects should be initiated in such a manner so that the rural people would be able to get proper medication services whenever they need by providing a minimum amount of money as premium.
Research Interests:
More than 60 percent of 160 million people of Bangladesh are youth of which 40 percent are unemployed. These huge numbers of unemployed people need work skills to find wage employment or self-employment. Drawing upon the principles of... more
More than 60 percent of 160 million people of Bangladesh are youth of which 40 percent are unemployed. These huge numbers of unemployed people need work skills to find wage employment or self-employment. Drawing upon the principles of cooperation and self reliance, this paper theoretically proposes and explains a tri-party collaborative venture for nonprofessional technical skills formation. Lowly educated unemployed youths are the beneficiaries who will receive training to acquire skills and achieve upscale socioeconomic mobility. As nonprofessional technical skills are mostly learned informally and through on-the-job, business houses are posited as the cooperators who shall create scope for training those youths without employing them. Government agency is to assume the role of the facilitator that will provide support for the collaborative ventures. This conceptualization of institutional form of cooperation for non-professional technical skills formation is grounded in intuitive, practical and theory driven insights. For gaining practical insights, collaborative training was graphically presented to two government officials from two training organizations and two senior managers from two private telecom organizations for detailed discussion. The discussion findings were used to develop an interview guide to pool opinions from 13 SME employers. Also, dialogues were arranged 12 youths to elicit information on some specific points relating to skills training. Following the explanation of the proposed collaborative venture, the paper shares theory-driven insights useful for designing financing and incentive policies on the part of the government agency for putting the proposed and discussed venture into practice. As for novelty of this paper, the proposed collaborative venture as a defacto training center has the potential to be recognized as a model means to enhance corporate social responsibility (CSR) performance.
Information and Communication Technology (ICT) is an integral part of business management now-a-day. It is inevitable for the smooth running of business irrespective of size and complexity all over the world. Due to the rapid development... more
Information and Communication Technology (ICT) is an integral part of business management now-a-day. It is inevitable for the smooth running of business irrespective of size and complexity all over the world. Due to the rapid development of ICT and its huge use in all spheres of our
lives, businesses are also influenced by it. Now, businesses are managing their resources by using ICT support that is helping them to perform their tasks faster and accurate than before. However, the developing countries like Bangladesh are still struggling to introduce ICT supports in all areas of businesses. But due to a very strong culture at work place, this effort is hindered substantially. Therefore, this paper aims at identifying the present status of the use of ICT in business management and its challenges it faces. Secondary data have been primarily used for
conducting this study, which was collected from the different business reports and the journal papers. An experience survey was also conducted among the senior administrators of the business houses were also included in the study. Results show that the use of ICT is very low in
the small and medium business enterprises while the large businesses houses are using ICT supports. Results also show that the use of ICT primarily depends on the complexity and the nature of the business. The entrepreneurs who have ICT literacy, they are mostly using ICT supports in the management of their businesses. This study suggests that the business houses in Bangladesh should use ICT support in order to increase the efficiency at their work. But this is often depends on the ICT infrastructure of the country as a whole.
lives, businesses are also influenced by it. Now, businesses are managing their resources by using ICT support that is helping them to perform their tasks faster and accurate than before. However, the developing countries like Bangladesh are still struggling to introduce ICT supports in all areas of businesses. But due to a very strong culture at work place, this effort is hindered substantially. Therefore, this paper aims at identifying the present status of the use of ICT in business management and its challenges it faces. Secondary data have been primarily used for
conducting this study, which was collected from the different business reports and the journal papers. An experience survey was also conducted among the senior administrators of the business houses were also included in the study. Results show that the use of ICT is very low in
the small and medium business enterprises while the large businesses houses are using ICT supports. Results also show that the use of ICT primarily depends on the complexity and the nature of the business. The entrepreneurs who have ICT literacy, they are mostly using ICT supports in the management of their businesses. This study suggests that the business houses in Bangladesh should use ICT support in order to increase the efficiency at their work. But this is often depends on the ICT infrastructure of the country as a whole.
Observation shows that the Management Schools or Management Development Institutions (MDI) in South Asian regions are hardly well managed. The reasons can be attributed by the lack of effectiveness of management systems of the university,... more
Observation shows that the Management Schools or Management Development Institutions (MDI) in South Asian regions are hardly well managed. The reasons can be attributed by the lack of effectiveness of management systems of the university, as a whole, that starts from the
functional level and continues till the policy making level. At the functional level, teachers and officers are the key and at the top level it is the Trustee Board for private university and the Government or University Grants Commission (UGC) for public university. Management School of a university is in the middle of this spectrum. Sometimes, management schools have strong desire for achieving quality in teaching and learning process but the other parts of the spectrum are not ready to support it. Therefore, management school alone is not enough to improve the
quality in teaching and learning process of a university. Quality of teaching and learning determine quality of education and quality of education (QOE) determines the quality of human resources of a country. QOE
refers to the fulfillment of needs of a society concerning the standards of living, growth and development, physical survival in a complex and globalized world. QOE also implies the education that empowers the recipients with relevant skills, knowledge, ideas, values and attitudes needed to make decisions in their lives and work. As organizational growth depends on QOE, institutional learning acts as instrumental in the process. Research identified five pillars of institutional learning such as,
learning effectiveness, cost effectiveness and institutional commitment, access (Online) to wide variety of programs and courses, faculty satisfaction, and student satisfaction. Poor Indoor Environmental Quality (IEQ) like thermal comfort, acoustic comfort, lighting and indoor air quality in academic building are also important for quality of education and institutional learning.
functional level and continues till the policy making level. At the functional level, teachers and officers are the key and at the top level it is the Trustee Board for private university and the Government or University Grants Commission (UGC) for public university. Management School of a university is in the middle of this spectrum. Sometimes, management schools have strong desire for achieving quality in teaching and learning process but the other parts of the spectrum are not ready to support it. Therefore, management school alone is not enough to improve the
quality in teaching and learning process of a university. Quality of teaching and learning determine quality of education and quality of education (QOE) determines the quality of human resources of a country. QOE
refers to the fulfillment of needs of a society concerning the standards of living, growth and development, physical survival in a complex and globalized world. QOE also implies the education that empowers the recipients with relevant skills, knowledge, ideas, values and attitudes needed to make decisions in their lives and work. As organizational growth depends on QOE, institutional learning acts as instrumental in the process. Research identified five pillars of institutional learning such as,
learning effectiveness, cost effectiveness and institutional commitment, access (Online) to wide variety of programs and courses, faculty satisfaction, and student satisfaction. Poor Indoor Environmental Quality (IEQ) like thermal comfort, acoustic comfort, lighting and indoor air quality in academic building are also important for quality of education and institutional learning.
Majority people of Bangladesh are illiterate and unconscious about their health. They are unable to understand the importance of their health. They even do not know the benefits of health precautions which are primarily concerned with... more
Majority people of Bangladesh are illiterate and unconscious about their health. They are unable to understand the importance of their health. They even do not know the benefits of health precautions which are primarily concerned with food and drinking water. It is identified from the research that the people have some general and specific beliefs on health benefits related to drinking water. The beliefs are bottled water is purer than tap water, health benefits of bottled water are not substantial bottled water
is not properly processed, etc. Therefore, people are hardly enthusiastic to buy and consume bottled water. On the other hand, research shows that there are some motivating factors for buying bottled water. These factors are concerned with health benefits, concerns about tap water, convenience, taste, preference over soft drinks, bottle itself, status symbol, luxury item, media, and advertising aspects. Given these
observations in mind, this study concentrates only on the beliefs and motivating factors to buy bottled drinking water. This study is only confined among the university students who are studying at the private universities located in Dhaka city. A total of 399 students were interviewed with a structured questionnaire. Both descriptive and inferential statistics were used in analyzing data. For identifying the factors relating to
health beliefs and buying decision of bottled water, factor analysis was conducted. Results show that the students give most importance on safety and taste of the bottled water whenever they buy. The other factors include media exposure and reputation of the bottled water, chemical smell, hygienic, concerns about tap water, use as luxury item or status symbol, advertising by the producer, shape of the bottle (small or
big),and convenience or readily availability of the water. This study suggests that the producers of bottled water should give importance on the health and hygiene aspects and promotional factors for promoting their sales in Bangladesh.
is not properly processed, etc. Therefore, people are hardly enthusiastic to buy and consume bottled water. On the other hand, research shows that there are some motivating factors for buying bottled water. These factors are concerned with health benefits, concerns about tap water, convenience, taste, preference over soft drinks, bottle itself, status symbol, luxury item, media, and advertising aspects. Given these
observations in mind, this study concentrates only on the beliefs and motivating factors to buy bottled drinking water. This study is only confined among the university students who are studying at the private universities located in Dhaka city. A total of 399 students were interviewed with a structured questionnaire. Both descriptive and inferential statistics were used in analyzing data. For identifying the factors relating to
health beliefs and buying decision of bottled water, factor analysis was conducted. Results show that the students give most importance on safety and taste of the bottled water whenever they buy. The other factors include media exposure and reputation of the bottled water, chemical smell, hygienic, concerns about tap water, use as luxury item or status symbol, advertising by the producer, shape of the bottle (small or
big),and convenience or readily availability of the water. This study suggests that the producers of bottled water should give importance on the health and hygiene aspects and promotional factors for promoting their sales in Bangladesh.
This paper attempts to identify the service quality of BRAC Bank of Bangladesh. It identifies the service quality factors important to the Bank. A survey has been conducted on the clients of BRAC Bank with a structured questionnaire. The... more
This paper attempts to identify the service quality of BRAC Bank of Bangladesh. It identifies the service quality factors important to the Bank. A survey has been conducted on the clients of BRAC Bank with a structured questionnaire. The respondents' were selected from the 14 branches of BRAC Bank located at Dhaka city. More than 200 retail customers were interviewed with a structured questionnaire. The sample clients were selected randomly at the branches. Factor analysis was conducted to identify the service quality factors of the bank. Results show that the most important perceived service quality factors are satisfaction of the clients' best interest by the bank and the tangible physical facilities of the bank.
This paper aims at identifying the factors for introducing health insurance schemes in the rural areas of Bangladesh. A survey has been conducted among 148 rural people to explore the factors. The respondents were located in two villages... more
This paper aims at identifying the factors for introducing health insurance schemes in the rural areas of Bangladesh. A survey has been conducted among 148 rural people to explore the factors. The respondents were located in two villages named Rajbadh and Sachibunia of Batiaghata Upazila under the district of Khulna, Bangladesh. In analyzing data, both descriptive and inferential statistics were used. Descriptive statistics such as mean, standard deviation, percentage etc. have been used to explain the characteristics of the respondents and background of the study. Multivariate analysis such as, factor analysis has been performed to identify the factors important to introduce health insurance policy in the rural areas. Multiple regressions have been performed to explore the relationships between the rural health insurance factors and the overall factors. The results show that the awareness about health insurance policy, capacity to pay premium, efforts of NGOs and other social organizations, availability of modern medication facilities, availability of certified doctors, and diversified health insurance policies have significant relationships with the overall factors. The overall factors are defined as the socioeconomic and industrial factors such as, level of socioeconomic development, purchasing power of the rural people, the development of insurance industry, growth and influence of international insurance market in Bangladesh, etc. This indicates that if there were a change in these factors there would be a change in the overall factors. This study suggests a 'Two-Way Interactive Model' to address the health problems of the rural people of Bangladesh. First, there should be more initiative to make the rural people aware about the merits of the health insurance by both the government and nongovernment sectors and second, micro health insurance projects should be initiated in such a manner so that the rural people would be able to get proper medication services whenever they need by providing a minimum amount of money as premium.
The comparative analysis of TQM practices between Bangladesh and Thai companies clearly shows planning, implementation and operational differences. Bangladeshi companies portray TQM vision consciousness but in many cases they fall victim... more
The comparative analysis of TQM practices between Bangladesh and Thai companies clearly shows planning, implementation and operational differences. Bangladeshi companies portray TQM vision consciousness but in many cases they fall victim of treating TQM as a fad rather than an essential component. The management principles are narrowly viewed, communicated and understood in Bangladeshi companies even with well-documented procedures and instructions. All the Bangladeshi companies concerned are well equipped and successful to some extent in achieving customer satisfaction with regard to product and service quality excellence, but they lack close working relationships, interest groups and the promoting aspect of working environment. Bangladeshi firms make a visible effort in empowerment of quality control circles but apparently follow a comparatively rigid hierarchical structure, but nonetheless are able to assure quality. In terms of organization and distribution, all of the
concerned companies are suitably equipped and positioned, but suppliers are not bench-marked with respect to specific criteria and special quality ratings in terms of product attributes and therefore information regarding supplier reliability is not available in any objective form. Bangladeshi firms have much to achieve in the areas of creativity and R&D, and therefore,
investment in those areas is imperative.
concerned companies are suitably equipped and positioned, but suppliers are not bench-marked with respect to specific criteria and special quality ratings in terms of product attributes and therefore information regarding supplier reliability is not available in any objective form. Bangladeshi firms have much to achieve in the areas of creativity and R&D, and therefore,
investment in those areas is imperative.
One of the challenges of globalization for the least developed countries (LDc's) is that technology change erodes the advantages of labor intensive technology. This paper examines key impacts of this technological change on job security,... more
One of the challenges of globalization for the least developed countries (LDc's) is that technology change erodes the advantages of labor intensive technology. This paper examines key impacts of this technological change on job security, job satisfaction, and work relations of textile and garment workers in Bangladesh. It shows that the overall positive impact of technological change is associated with the suitable levels of job security, job satisfaction, and work relations. Factors including uncertainty, frustration in terms of the job security; fairness, good supervision, minimal conflicts, recognition, promotion and benefits concerned with job satisfaction. The change process, downsizing and strikes are related to the work relations. Both job satisfaction and work relations are significantly related to the overall impact on workers. Job security is related to the overall impact of technological change particularly because of the uncertainty and frustration among workers concerning their status.
The economic growth of Bangladesh is now remarkably higher compared to any other time of the country. This has been observed primarily in last few decades in Bangladesh. According to World Bank Report, the Gross National Income (GNI)... more
The economic growth of Bangladesh is now remarkably higher compared to any other time of the country. This has been observed primarily in last few decades in Bangladesh. According to World Bank Report, the Gross National Income (GNI) tremendously increased from $100 to $1,220 between 1972 to 20151.Now, Bangladesh is trying to achieve its goal to be a middle-income country by 2021 by reaching steady growth of 8% per year. Since Bangladesh is a country with full of natural calamities and risks in economic development, insurance industry has got very high
potential in this country. It is the most potentials place for insurance business in the world due to its vulnerable economy and God gifted disasters. In the report, Lloyd's identified the under-insurance or insurance gap, which depicts the value of assets at risk not covered fully by insurance policies in Bangladesh. Among the 43 countries covered in the report, Bangladesh has the largest insurance gap, which stands at $5.50 billion, or 2.10 percent of the country's gross domestic product (GDP)2. Insurance premium per capita in Bangladesh is just USD $8, a statistic that masks the fact that most people do not have insurance at all (Vaughan, & Vaughan, 2007). Research also shows that (Lloyd’s Report 2019) showed that 1% rise in penetration in insurance sector of Bangladesh can contribute to as much as $4.4bn in savings in the country. In comparison to the trend of per capita income $1602 as of 2017, the insurance penetration rate in Bangladesh is 0.70% in global comparison during 2016 which is very low compared to other countries of the world. Out of which only 0.2% consists of life insurance in Bangladesh. This very low penetration rate in insurance sector is very alarming for a country having 170 million people. On the other hand, the highest insurance penetration in the world is at 18%, belonging to Taiwan. According to
the World Bank statistics, only 4 out of 1,000 people in Bangladesh have life insurance policies which is one of the lowest in the world.
potential in this country. It is the most potentials place for insurance business in the world due to its vulnerable economy and God gifted disasters. In the report, Lloyd's identified the under-insurance or insurance gap, which depicts the value of assets at risk not covered fully by insurance policies in Bangladesh. Among the 43 countries covered in the report, Bangladesh has the largest insurance gap, which stands at $5.50 billion, or 2.10 percent of the country's gross domestic product (GDP)2. Insurance premium per capita in Bangladesh is just USD $8, a statistic that masks the fact that most people do not have insurance at all (Vaughan, & Vaughan, 2007). Research also shows that (Lloyd’s Report 2019) showed that 1% rise in penetration in insurance sector of Bangladesh can contribute to as much as $4.4bn in savings in the country. In comparison to the trend of per capita income $1602 as of 2017, the insurance penetration rate in Bangladesh is 0.70% in global comparison during 2016 which is very low compared to other countries of the world. Out of which only 0.2% consists of life insurance in Bangladesh. This very low penetration rate in insurance sector is very alarming for a country having 170 million people. On the other hand, the highest insurance penetration in the world is at 18%, belonging to Taiwan. According to
the World Bank statistics, only 4 out of 1,000 people in Bangladesh have life insurance policies which is one of the lowest in the world.
Digital Marketplace is the online platform that all organizations can use to find and buy cloud-based services (e.g., web hosting or site analytics) . Businesses leverage digital channels such as, Google search, social media, email, and... more
Digital Marketplace is the online platform that all organizations can use to find and buy cloud-based services (e.g., web hosting or site analytics) . Businesses leverage digital channels such as, Google search, social media, email, and their websites to connect with their current and prospective customers. It uses digital technologies, mainly on the Internet but also uses mobile phones, and other digital medium. Due to increase in use and rapid growth of digital marketplaces in the world, it became essential to establish regulatory measures and standards in order to protect the rights of the consumers for the regulatory bodies of any country. Study shows that more than 45% of the world’s population is online now, compared with just 1% in 1995. In Bangladesh, the total number of Internet Subscribers is 80.83 million . These people are now using digital marketplaces for their personal and organizational purposes, which are new and important organizational forms in the economy of Bangladesh. This is due to the consumer’s choice between a digital and a physical transaction, which is governed by the (i) benefits of examining a good in person, (ii) the relative hassle costs between search online and offline, (iii) the benefit of instant product availability offline, (iv) differences in assortment, and (v) the regulations. In a world where digital devices are ubiquitous, transactions with not-in-person component, such as flight or hotel purchases, will naturally take place digitally. On the other hand, purchases like furniture, where examining goods in person is valuable that is impossible to check through online. The growth in digital transactions can be driven by innovation spurred by competition between the marketplaces. Digital marketplace also increases the competitiveness of peer sellers and enhances the assortment of options available to the consumers
The economic outlook for South Asia is highly divergent across the countries. There are some economies including Bangladesh, Bhutan and India, where economic conditions are largely positive, with GDP growth projected to remain robust in... more
The economic outlook for South Asia is highly divergent across the countries. There are some economies including Bangladesh, Bhutan and India, where economic conditions are largely positive, with GDP growth projected to remain robust in the near future. In contrast, the outlook in Pakistan has visibly deteriorated. Consequently, regional GDP growth slowed down markedly in 2018. Yet, given the large size of the Indian economy, on the aggregate, the regional outlook is still moderately favorable, especially in comparison to other developing regions of the world. Over the past few years, South Asia has sustained a period of robust growth that has lifted up many living in poverty, and made notable progress in health and education sector. Despite robust economic growth, South Asian countries account for only 3% of world’s GDP and nearly 40% of its inhabitants live on less than $1.25 per day. The scary challenges from climate change, environmental degradation, and increasing inequalities are also causing serious threats to South Asia’s economic growth and prosperity. Nevertheless, the World Bank reports that between 2013 and 2016, growth in South Asian countries increased from 6.2% to 7.5% while growth rates of other developing nations remained flat or even turned negative. In the coming years, the World Bank expects countries in South Asia to continue this growth trajectory, estimated at 6.7% in 2021. In 2020, South Asia was set to plunge into its worst-ever recession as the devastating impacts of COVID-19 on the region’s economies linger on, taking a disproportionate toll/levy on informal workers and pushing millions of South Asians into extreme poverty.
Today’s mangers are facing numerous challenges in managing their business activities. The main challenge they face is uncertainty for the future. Research shows that only 20% of managers had full clarity on how business initiatives... more
Today’s mangers are facing numerous challenges in managing their business activities. The main challenge they face is uncertainty for the future. Research shows that only 20% of managers had full clarity on how business initiatives rolled out in 2019 impacted against organizational goals. That means that 80% of managers are acting without a comprehensive vision of how and why changes are being made. The COVID-19 pandemic has only served to accelerate this trend. According to McKinsey, existing management models no longer address the challenges that the crisis presents.
The other challenges are concerned with (i) Wellbeing of the Employees (ii) Tracking Team Productivity (iii) Shaping Company Culture (iv) Recruiting and on boarding the Right Employees (v) Supporting Diversity & Inclusion in the Workplace (vi) Managing Communication Between Teams (vii) Regulation & Compliance (viii) Technology & Digitalization (ix) Mind the Skills Gap (x) High Staff Turnover (xi) Creating Innovative Teams (xii) Breaking Down Silos (xiii) Knowledge Loss & Brain Drain & (xiv) Finding the Holy Grail: Engagement.
The other challenges are concerned with (i) Wellbeing of the Employees (ii) Tracking Team Productivity (iii) Shaping Company Culture (iv) Recruiting and on boarding the Right Employees (v) Supporting Diversity & Inclusion in the Workplace (vi) Managing Communication Between Teams (vii) Regulation & Compliance (viii) Technology & Digitalization (ix) Mind the Skills Gap (x) High Staff Turnover (xi) Creating Innovative Teams (xii) Breaking Down Silos (xiii) Knowledge Loss & Brain Drain & (xiv) Finding the Holy Grail: Engagement.
There is not a single aspect of education that has been investigated more than that of the effectiveness in classroom teaching in the world. During last 50 years, hundreds of thousands research studies have been conducted on this... more
There is not a single aspect of education that has been investigated more than that of the effectiveness in classroom teaching in the world. During last 50 years, hundreds of thousands research studies have been conducted on this phenomenon. These studies covered teachers’ personality and characteristics, teaching methods, students learning, and classroom interactions, which are connected to social-emotional climate, group influence, leadership behavior, verbal behavior, emotional intelligence of teachers and learners and teaching techniques and strategies. Among these phenomenon’s, the effectiveness in classroom teaching is an important aspect of every teacher in today’s world especially at the tertiary level of education. Without the efficiency and effectiveness of classroom teaching, a teacher cannot make the class outcome-based and be accepted by the learners.
The economy of South Asian countries is mainly based on sustainable SME entrepreneurship development. These countries have sustained a period of robust growth that has alleviated poverty and made notable strides in health and education... more
The economy of South Asian countries is mainly based on sustainable SME entrepreneurship development. These countries have sustained a period of robust growth that has alleviated poverty and made notable strides in health and education sectors over the past few years. World Bank report shows that between 2013 and 2016, the growth in South Asian countries increased from 6.2% to 7.5% while growth rates of other developing nations of the world remained flat or even turned negative. It was also expected in the report that the countries in South Asian region to continue this growth trajectory, estimated at 6.7 percent in 2021 and 4.4 percent in 2022, climbing from historic lows in 2020 and putting the region on a path to recovery from Covid-19 pandemic. Electricity consumption and mobility data is a clear indication of recovering economic activity in this region. India, the largest economy in South Asia, that comprises the bulk of the region's economy is expected to grow more than 10% in the fiscal year 2021-22. The outlook for Bangladesh, Nepal, and Pakistan have also been revised upward, supported by better than expected remittance inflows. Bangladesh's gross domestic product (GDP) is expected to increase by 3.60% in 2021; Nepal's GDP is projected to grow by 2.70% in the fiscal year 2021-22 and recover to 5.10% by 2023; Pakistan's growth is expected to reach 1.30% in 2021, slightly above previous projections while Sri Lanka's economic growth is expected to recover to 3.40% in 2021. Since the beginning of 2020, the Coronavirus (COVID-19) has been spreading around the world, hitting hard the South Asian countries as well. South Asian countries are the home of one quarter of the global population and the world's poor and experiencing the highest population density. South Asia is the home of 1.89 billion people (and expected to rise to 2.10 billion by 2030. It is shown in research that the one-fourth of the world's population in this region contributes to more than 15% of the global growth. Informality is omnipresent across the economic structures and workforces in this region. The lockdowns, closures of business, social distancing, etc. in the South Asian countries have caused serious supply disruptions along with sharpening demand shocks as businesses and people due to covid-19 pandemic. Economic disruptions particularly stroke Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs), which accounts for 30% of GDP, exports and generation of job opportunities in this region. Given 60% to 80% informality in South Asia, the livelihood of a large segment of workers was severely impacted due to covid-19. Now, many businesses need to make up for lost revenues and millions of workers who are mostly in informal sector SMEs, need to turn round from job losses, falling incomes, and human capital deficits. In addressing the needs of SME sector that is mostly affected by the pandemic, central banks of the South Asian countries allowed regulatory forbearance to promote credit flows to the SMEs, and to promote on lending to Non-Banking Financial Companies. India set up Special Refinance Facilities of 0.20% of GDP to support SMEs, rural banks and housing financing companies. Sri Lanka and Bangladesh strengthened Refinance Fund to provide subsidized funding to banks willing to lend to the priority sectors, including SMEs affected by COVID-19. Pakistan and Nepal also established Refinancing Schemes to incentivize financing support for SMEs. The improved economic outlook reflects South Asian countries' efforts to keep their COVID-19 impact under control. Hence, experts opined that South Asian Governments must navigate skillfully between virus control and continuation of economic activity by launching fundamental reforms to enhance productivity in SME sector of the said countries.
The economic growth of a country often depends on the factors like (i) availability of natural resources, (ii) rate of capital formation, (iii) favorable capital-output ratio, (iv) technological progress, (v) dynamic entrepreneurship,... more
The economic growth of a country often depends on the factors like (i) availability of natural resources, (ii) rate of capital formation, (iii) favorable capital-output ratio, (iv) technological progress, (v) dynamic entrepreneurship, (vi) rate of growth of population, (vii) conditions of social overheads like education, health, and various non-economic factors. In 1960s, Cattell and Butchir found that 7% world populations living in USA and they enjoy 43% world’s wealth while 55% populations live in Asia enjoy only 16% resources of the world. At present, just 5% of the world's population live in USA consumes 23% of its energy. That's really wasteful. Imagine, if you waste five times more gasoline or five times more food or produced five times more garbage, your neighbors wouldn't be very happy! Yet, that's what we're doing. This difference is mainly because of the ownership of natural resources. However, these resources are not unique for certain countries only but its existence cannot expedite the economic growth without the development of entrepreneurship.
The main aim of sustainable development of a country is to balance the economic, environmental and social needs, allowing prosperity for present and future generations. Sustainable development consists of a long-term, integrated approach... more
The main aim of sustainable development of a country is to balance the economic, environmental and social needs, allowing prosperity for present and future generations. Sustainable development consists of a long-term, integrated approach to developing and achieving a healthy community by jointly addressing economic, environmental, and social issues, whilst avoiding the over consumption of key natural resources. These include stable economic growth, social progress and equality, environmental protection, and conservation of natural resources. Among these objectives, economic growth is perceived as central means of achieving improvements in the people’s quality of life, which is positively linked with the modern management, marketing, and industrialization of a country. Without ensuring efficient management, marketing of goods and services and industrialization, sustainable socioeconomic development is unimaginable. This has also been recognized in past.
Entrepreneurship development and economic prosperity are interlinked in many phases. Entrepreneurship development boosts up economic growth by introducing innovative technologies, products, and services. Through the increased competition... more
Entrepreneurship development and economic prosperity are interlinked in many phases. Entrepreneurship development boosts up economic growth by introducing innovative technologies, products, and services. Through the increased competition from the entrepreneurs the existing business firms become more competitive. Entrepreneurs create new job opportunities in the economy, helps in formation of capital, improvement in per capita income, enhancement in Living Standards, Economic Independence and Backward and Forward Linkages. Hence, the development of entrepreneurship is the key for the development process of any country in the world. Whatever be the form of economic and political set-up of a country, entrepreneurship is indispensable for the economic prosperity and the development of standard of living of the people.
Workers' engagement refers to the organizational conditions where all the members of an organization are committed to their organization's goals and values, motivated to contribute to organizational success with an enhanced sense of their... more
Workers' engagement refers to the organizational conditions where all the members of an organization are committed to their organization's goals and values, motivated to contribute to organizational success with an enhanced sense of their own well-being (Little & Little, 2006).Positive engagement is expected by any organization because it makes workers well connected with their jobs, loyal, and increase willing to put extra effort to do their jobs just to accomplish their goals in the company. Readymade garment (RMG) industry of Bangladesh is the main earner of foreign currency that consists of more than75% of the country's export earnings. But the workers of this industry are often found unengaged at their work due to the ill behavior of their supervisors, poor working conditions, lack of organization incentives, and the absence of motivational policies of the companies. Hence, this study aims at identifyingthe workers' engagement factorsof RMGindustry of Bangladesh.This study interviewed 319 RMG workers from ten leading garment companies. Descriptive and inferential statistical techniques were used to analyze the data. Results show that the RMG workers engagement factors are: feeling the company as a great company, feeling proud and recommend others, access to learning and good career opportunity, knowing the development of the company, quality supervision and recognition for good jobs done, and manager cares the workers.This study suggests that the RMG policymakers should focus more on the supervision styles of the managers and appreciating policy of the companies that can help improving the engagement level of the workers in this industry of Bangladesh.
Women are not equally empowered in the socioeconomic environment of Bangladesh in all sectors of the country. The reasons could be attributed by the lack of women entrepreneurship development in the society. Supports like stimulatory,... more
Women are not equally empowered in the socioeconomic environment of Bangladesh in all sectors of the country. The reasons could be attributed by the lack of women entrepreneurship development in the society. Supports like stimulatory, supporting and sustaining activities are inadequate for the women entrepreneurs in Bangladesh. Study depicts that only 7% of the total business establishments of Bangladesh are headed by the women entrepreneurs. Other reasons for this backwardness of women entrepreneurs are limited social influencing, networking abilities and decision making abilities of the women in the society. Hence, this study aims at identifying the factors related to social empowerment due to women entrepreneurship development in Bangladesh. This is a causal research and the study used primary data collected from the women entrepreneurs engaged in Small and Medium Enterprise (SME) businesses. The study used both probability and non-probability sampling techniques to select 397 women business entrepreneurs who are involved in SME businesses for interview. The data were analyzed by using Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA) and Structural Equation Modelling (SEM) techniques. The results show that the factors concerning women entrepreneurship activities include, enterprise management, enterprise resourcing, generating business ideas, and harvesting and growth are significantly related to the overall development of women entrepreneurship in Bangladesh. And the development of entrepreneurship helps developing women social empowered. The entrepreneurial factors that help to enhance social empowerment are decision making abilities at family and society, social influencing abilities, and social networking abilities. This study suggests that the policy makers of this SME sector of business should emphasize decision making abilities of the women entrepreneurs, social influencing abilities, and social networking abilities in order to empower them socially in Bangladesh which will subsequently lead to the development of their families and the SME businesses as well.
IT business entrepreneurship in Bangladesh is growing very fast due to massive adoption of information technology at all levels of the business houses. To support these activities, IT entrepreneurship has been developing very fast in the... more
IT business entrepreneurship in Bangladesh is growing very fast due to massive adoption of information technology at all levels of the business houses. To support these activities, IT entrepreneurship has been developing very fast in the country. Hence, this paper aims at exploring the critical success factors of IT business entrepreneurs in Bangladesh. This study follows both qualitative and quantitative research methods. Two hundred eighteen IT business entrepreneurs of Bangladesh were interviewed with a structured questionnaire. Factor analysis was conducted to identify the critical success factors concerning IT business entrepreneurs in Bangladesh. Regression analysis was carried out to examine the relationships between the critical success factors and the overall development of IT business entrepreneurs in Bangladesh. The results show that there are five critical success factors such as, family support, online business knowledge, government assistance in training and extension services, quality products and services and networking. This study suggests that the policy makers of IT industry should focus more on training on IT business entrepreneurs, initiate stimulatory-sustaining-supporting plans, the development of personal networking for the success of IT business entrepreneurs in Bangladesh.
Online commodity businesses are getting momentum in Bangladesh in recent years. The demands of the online customers are also increasing very fast. The leading online commodity businesses are: Rokomari, Daraz, Ajkerdeal, Pickaboo, Bagdoom,... more
Online commodity businesses are getting momentum in Bangladesh in recent years. The demands of the online customers are also increasing very fast. The leading online commodity businesses are: Rokomari, Daraz, Ajkerdeal, Pickaboo, Bagdoom, Othoba, Jadroo, Priyoshop, Banglashoppers, ClickBD, Chaldal dot Com, etc. Four types of eCommerce businesses are popular in Bangladesh such as, Business-to-Business (B2B) Business-to-Consumer (B2C) Consumer-to-Consumer (C2C) Business-to-Employees (B2E). Hence, this paper aims at identifying the success factors of online commodity businesses in Bangladesh. This study is based on a survey of 203 online business small entrepreneurs of Bangladesh who are engaged in web design, graphic design, online store, product selling, product re-selling, online tutoring, e-book selling, online coaching, etc. Both descriptive and inferential statistics were used to analyze the data. Inferential statistics like factor analysis was used to identify the success factors on online business. Multiple regression analysis was used to identify the relationships between the success factors of online business and the overall success of the online business of Bangladesh. Results shows that the factors such as, maintenance of relationships with customers, business experience of the entrepreneur and government assistance for training and extension services are significantly related to the overall success of online commodity businesses in Bangladesh.
Recently in Bangladesh, frozen and ready-to-cook food industry is growing very fast due to high demand of these products by the city dwellers. These processed frozen and ready-to-cook food products are mainly related to fruits and... more
Recently in Bangladesh, frozen and ready-to-cook food industry is growing very fast due to high demand of these products by the city dwellers. These processed frozen and ready-to-cook food products are mainly related to fruits and vegetables, fish and meat-based products and wheat-based food products, etc. With the increase of population in the urban areas of Bangladesh, the citizens are becoming busy, families are becoming smaller, and the parents are getting associated with the jobs. As a result, people demand easy and “ready-to-cook” processed frozen food items. Families living in the cities are adopting their food habits towards frozen foods such as, processed meat, half boiled meat, processed fish, vegetables, fruits, porotah, samosa, shingara, pizza, etc. as these foods are easy to cook in a very short time. The reason for increased demand of these processed foods can also be attributed by the increased engagement of women at work and increased purchasing power of the people. Hence, this study aims at identifying the factors influencing the consumers’ perception about the frozen and ready-to-cook food products on Bangladeshi people. A survey was conducted among 211 frozen and ready-to-cook food consumers of Dhaka city with a structured questionnaire. Both descriptive and inferential statistics were used to analyze the data. Factor analysis was conducted to identify the influencing factors related to the consumers’ perception about frozen and ready-to-cook food products. Regression analysis was accomplished to examine the impact of the factors on the overall consumers’ preferences of the processed frozen and ready-to-cook food products. Results show that the factors which influence the perception of the consumers about frozen and ready-to-cook food products are concerned with saving time, helpful and economic, low price, variety and good for health, brand image and quality, availability of the frozen foods, taste of the food, and attractive packaging of the food. Individual factor relationships show that the factors such as, saving time, the foods are helpful and economic, low price, variety and good for health, brand image and quality, and availability of the foods are significant and the factors such as, good taste of the food and attractive packaging of the food are not significant in this study. This study suggests that the policymakers of the processed frozen and ready-to-cook food product manufacturers should give importance on these factors for increasing the demand of the products among the city dwellers of Bangladesh.
There is a paramount importance of women entrepreneurship development for the economic development of a developing country like Bangladesh. But the development this entrepreneurship depends on consolidated effort of the policymakers and... more
There is a paramount importance of women entrepreneurship development for the economic development of a developing country like Bangladesh. But the development this entrepreneurship depends on consolidated effort of the policymakers and the people of the country. This development of women entrepreneurship primarily depends on the positive environmental factors of the country such as, social, economic, legal, political, technological etc. factors that influence their activities of their entrepreneurial businesses. Among these factors, socio-economic factors are the major factors influencing the women entrepreneurship development in Bangladesh. Over the past couple of years, women entrepreneurs of Bangladesh acquired a large number of companies, both offline and online in nature. They have created employments by introducing new jobs in the job market. The identification of socioeconomic factors for the development of women entrepreneurship is very important in the socioeconomic conditions of Bangladesh. Hence, this study deals with the factors that affect the development of women entrepreneurship in Bangladesh. The study adopted a self-administered questionnaires and interviews with women entrepreneurs engaged in diverse business sectors. A total number of 201 women small women entrepreneurs in different businesses were interviewed. A structured questionnaire was designed to collect the relevant information from the respondent women entrepreneurs. Both descriptive and inferential statistics were used to analyze the collected data. Multivariate analysis techniques were used to identify the factors having influence on the development of women entrepreneurship in Bangladesh. The findings of the study show that there are eight socioeconomic factors of women entrepreneurship development in Bangladesh such as, availability of SME authority services, maintaining variety quality products, difficulty in sourcing start-up capital, public relationship, problems of family and gender discrimination, availability of training centers, availability of service tools and available supply of raw materials. This study suggest that the policymakers should focus more the factors like availability of SME authority services, difficulty in sourcing start-up capital, problems of family and gender discrimination and available supply of raw materials in order to development women entrepreneurship in Bangladesh.
There has seen a tremendous development in banking sector of Bangladesh since its independence. This sector is playing a significant role in the socio-economic development of the country. At present, there are 59 scheduled banks operating... more
There has seen a tremendous development in banking sector of Bangladesh since its independence. This sector is playing a significant role in the socio-economic development of the country. At present, there are 59 scheduled banks operating in Bangladesh under the control of central bank- Bangladesh Bank. Among them, there are nine State-Owned Commercial Banks (SOCBs) which are fully or partially owned by the Government of People Republic of Bangladesh. For the growth of the banking sector, proper training and development of the human resource is a prerequisite. Every year several training programs are conducted by these government banks for both the newly recruited employees as well as for the existing employees. But the effectiveness of these training programs is very poor. It means the training programs are hardly effective to increase the performance of the employees of Government banks. Hence, the aim of this study is to identify the factors that are concerned with the effectiveness of the training programs of state-owned commercial banks of Bangladesh. A sample of 205 employees who obtained training from the State-owned commercial banks of Bangladesh was surveyed using a structured questionnaire. Data were analyzed using the Exploratory Factor Analysis and Multiple Regression Analysis. The results show that the factors such as, development of overall skills, reduction of stress level, development technical skills, need-based training programs, helpful in the long run, and quality of the instructor are the important factors for the development of training effectiveness in government banks of Bangladesh. This study suggests that the Government banks should focus more on reduction of stress level, development technical skills, need-based training programs, helpful in the long run, and quality of the instructor that affect the effectiveness of the training programs operated by the state-owned commercial banks of Bangladesh.
Bangladesh is a densely populated country of the world. More than 170 million people live in this country of which 60 percent people are below the poverty line. Dhaka is the capital of Bangladesh where there are more than twenty million... more
Bangladesh is a densely populated country of the world. More than 170 million people live in this country of which 60 percent people are below the poverty line. Dhaka is the capital of Bangladesh where there are more than twenty million people. To fulfill the need for food and nutrition, street food entrepreneurs are playing an important role in Dhaka city. There are hundreds of thousand street food entrepreneurs who are engaged in food and restaurant business in Dhaka city. These entrepreneurs are a major part of informal sector business of Bangladesh. Hence, this paper aims at indentifying the factors influencing the development of street food entrepreneurship and the problems they face to develop and run those businesses in Dhaka city. This study is based on a survey of 210 street food entrepreneurs or vendors doing business in the street of Dhaka city. Both descriptive and inferential statistics were used to analyze the data. Descriptive statistics were used to describe the present situation of the entrepreneurship in food and restaurant sector of Bangladesh. Inferential statistics like factor analysis, multiple regression analysis and structural equation modeling were used to identify the specific problems concerned with it. The major problems faced by these entrepreneurs are concerned with knowledge barrier, financial and social barrier, business environment and operational problem. This study suggests that food and restaurant entrepreneurs should focus more on business development aspects like infrastructure, legality of the entity, training and development of the employees, and customers' needs like tastes and preferences of the consumers, location of the customers to overcome the barriers. Government of the country can also come forward to make this sector of business more systematic by providing financial support, training in technology and marketing, and removing social problems for its sustainable development in future.
Insurance awareness among the people of Bangladesh is at the marginal level due to the absence of initiatives taken by regulatory bodies and the companies of this industry. Insurance companies use ‘agent method’ to reach directly to the... more
Insurance awareness among the people of Bangladesh is at the marginal level due to the absence of initiatives taken by regulatory bodies and the companies of this industry. Insurance companies use ‘agent method’ to reach directly to the potential policy buyers in order to sell their products. This method measurably failed to create awareness among the mass people of Bangladesh. The economic growth of any country is also connected to the development of insurance industry. But the insurance sector failed to contribute to the economy of the country due to its backwardness. Although, the economic growth of Bangladesh is now remarkably higher compared to any other time, the insurance sector is not developed as per expectations. Perhaps, this is due to long absence of insurance campaign by the companies and now people of the country do not feel that insurance is important for their lives. Under this circumstances, the development of this sector is inevitable in order to cope with the economic development of the country and to create savings among the people.
In last few decades, Bangladesh Readymade Garment (RMG) Industry of Bangladesh has become a leading manufacturing industry in the world with its constant growth. The Industry is of major importance to the national economy of Bangladesh as... more
In last few decades, Bangladesh Readymade Garment (RMG) Industry of Bangladesh has become a leading manufacturing industry in the world with its constant growth. The Industry is of major importance to the national economy of Bangladesh as it contributes more than 80% of the country's export earnings that amounts to about USD nineteen billion. The number of workers currently in this industry is more than 4.2 million and the number of factories is 5000 in different sizes. Despite this impressive growth, the performance of the workers in this industry is poor. Hence, this study aims at identifying the work stress factors and their impact on work performance of the RMG workers in Bangladesh. This used both qualitative and quantitative research methods. Respondent workers were selected by simple random sampling method from ten garment companies that are located in the periphery of Dhaka city. The impact of the stress of the workers was assessed by structured questionnaires. Two hundred ten readymade garment workers were interviewed from ten companies of different sizes for this study. Factor analysis was conducted to identify the factors related to stress of the workers that have impact on the work performance of the workers. Regression analysis was carried out to examine the impact of stress on workers' performance. The results show that the factors concerned with work stress symptoms are frustration and feeling of inefficiency, decrease satisfaction at work, problem of concentration at work and decrease of decision making ability. The performance impact factors are work pressure and frustration, understaffed workplace and work in holidays, job insecurity and pressure to complete the assignments. This study suggests that the policy makers should focus on the stress factors identified in this research that have impact on the performance of the workers in this industry.
Banking sector is the most prominent and stable sector compared to other industrial sectors of Bangladesh. At present there are 59 scheduled banks including 48 private commercial banks in Bangladesh operating under the regulation of... more
Banking sector is the most prominent and stable sector compared to other industrial sectors of Bangladesh. At present there are 59 scheduled banks including 48 private commercial banks in Bangladesh operating under the regulation of Bangladesh Bank. There is a paramount importance of manpower planning in these commercial banks for achieving competitive advantage and banks' strategic objectives. The basic function of manpower planning in a bank is to identify the future needs and availability of human resources along with the skills required to perform bank's activities to achieve their strategic goals. Hence, this paper aims at evaluating the impact of manpower planning in the banks' overall performance of Bangladesh. This study is based on a survey of 206 employees of different levels of the commercial banks of Bangladesh. Both descriptive and inferential statistics were used to analyze the data. Descriptive statistics were used to describe the present manpower planning practices of the commercial banking sector in Bangladesh. Inferential statistics like factor analysis and multiple regression analysis were used to identify the relationships between the manpower planning practices and the factors that are concerned with effectiveness of manpower planning practices of the commercial banks in Bangladesh. Results show that Delphi technique and skill inventory practices and key position auditing techniques are the significant manpower planning of the banks. Factors like timely planning and audit, evenly distribution of work, addressing job turnover, adequate workload, and comprehensive recruitment plan are significantly related to the overall manpower planning effectiveness of the commercial banks in Bangladesh. This study suggests that the policymakers of the commercial banks of Bangladesh should give importance on timely planning and audit, evenly distribution of work, addressing job turnover, providing adequate workload, and comprehensive recruitment plan in order to bring effectiveness of manpower planning of the banks.
Banking sector is the most stable sector compared to other industrial sectors of Bangladesh. Presently, there are 59 scheduled banks including 9 public banks in Bangladesh. A large number of people are connected with these banks as... more
Banking sector is the most stable sector compared to other industrial sectors of Bangladesh. Presently, there are 59 scheduled banks including 9 public banks in Bangladesh. A large number of people are connected with these banks as employees. Their loyalty towards their jobs along with other factors has an impact on the bank's overall performance in this sector. Hence, this paper aims at evaluating the factors affecting the loyalty of public bank employees in Bangladesh. Literature review found that various intrinsic and extrinsic factors affect the loyalty of Public Bank employees in Bangladesh. Some intrinsic factors like level of satisfaction, verbal performance appraisal, organizational reputation plays a great impact on the loyalty of the employees. Moreover, some extrinsic factors like compensation, training, career development, working environment impacts directly on the loyalty of the employees. These factors are basically independent variables. On the other hand, organizational well being, financial performance are dependent variables. This study is based on a survey of 200 employees of five leading public banks of Bangladesh. Both descriptive and inferential statistics were used to analyze the data. Descriptive statistics were used to describe the overall loyalty condition of the employees of public banking sector in Bangladesh. Inferential statistics like factor analysis, multiple regression analysis was used to identify the relationships between loyalty of the employees and the factors that affect the loyalty of the employees of public banks in Bangladesh. Results shows that factors like prompt service and well dressed and politeness affect the loyalty of public bank employees in Bangladesh.
Bangladesh is a densely populated country of the world. More than 170 million people live in this country. Mobile banking is a very important and new phenomenon in Bangladesh. In recent years, mobile banking has got highest importance by... more
Bangladesh is a densely populated country of the world. More than 170 million people live in this country. Mobile banking is a very important and new phenomenon in Bangladesh. In recent years, mobile banking has got highest importance by the customers in the country as it provides immense scope for consumers for banking transactions at any time with the option to access bank's facilities anywhere of the country. It is a subset of electronic banking, the use of which is increasing day by day in Bangladesh. Hence, this paper aims at indentifying the factors that influence the customer experience in mobile banking in Bangladesh. This study is based on a survey of 231 mobile banking customers of nine private commercial banks of Bangladesh. Literature review identified some factors related to mobile banking like convenient and responsive system, transaction speed and accuracy, reliability, transaction security in ATM booth and technological difficulty that affect customers' experience in mobile banking systems etc. Both descriptive and inferential statistics were used to analyze the data. Descriptive statistics were used to describe the present situation of the mobile banking systems in Bangladesh. Inferential statistics like factor analysis, multiple regression analysis and Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) were used to identify the relationships between the overall experience of the mobile banking customers and the specific factor(s) that affect customers experience in mobile banking. Results show that the convenient and responsive system, transaction security in ATM booth and technological difficulty are significant factors that affect the customers experience in mobile banking of Bangladesh. This study suggests that the policymakers should focus on the convenient and responsive system of mobile banking, transaction security in ATM booth and technological difficulty factors that affect customers experience in doing mobile banking for the improvement of the mobile banking services in Bangladesh.
Now-a-days, entertainment parks are one of the important segments of tourism industry of any country. Bangladesh is also a country with a full of attractive places for the visitors and tourists. Some of the entertainment parks are also... more
Now-a-days, entertainment parks are one of the important segments of tourism industry of any country. Bangladesh is also a country with a full of attractive places for the visitors and tourists. Some of the entertainment parks are also made by the private sector entrepreneurs in Bangladesh. Due to very fast growth of urbanization, people are deprived of enjoying natural attractive places due to their time constraints. Therefore, the entertainment park concept is becoming important in developing countries like Bangladesh. Along with natural tourists' spots, there are four main private sector entertainment parks in Bangladesh such as, Fantasy kingdom, Nandan Park, Sishu Park, and Foyez Lake that are located in Dhaka and Chittagong. The tourism sector's contribution to the economy is also increasing day by day. In 2017, it was 2.20 percent of the GDP and is expected to be 6.20 percent in 2018. To develop this sector, a diversified approach with the concentration on theme-based entertainment parks might be more attractive to the urban people of Bangladesh. A large number of visitors look for entertainment parks especially in Dhaka city. But the parks are extremely inadequate in numbers and also not in a good condition. Hence, this study identifies the visitors' perceptions about the entertainment parks located in Dhaka city-capital city of Bangladesh. This study has been conducted among the visitors who already visited entertainment parks of Dhaka city. To conduct this study, a total of 214 visitors were interviewed with the help of a structured questionnaire. Both descriptive and inferential statistics were used to analyze the data. Multivariate analysis techniques like factor analysis was performed to identify the factors related to the entertainment parks of Dhaka city. Multiple regression analysis was performed to identify the relationships between the factors and the overall conditions of the entertainment parks of Dhaka city. Results show that there are twelve factors that are important to the people of Dhaka city who frequently visit entertainment parks. The factors are: medical and first aid services, rides price and mobile network, road transport and discount facilities, trees and gardens, park employees behavior & sitting facilities, food and toilet facilities, picnic spot facilities, drinking water facilities, attractiveness of the park, quiet and noiseless, open for all ages of people, and availability of the rides. It is suggested that the park authority should focus on the mentioned factors to make the entertainment parks more attractive to the increased number of visitors of Dhaka city.
The objective of this study is to find out the influence of the usage of electronic devices on the relationships between bankers and the customers. This study has been done mainly based on primary and secondary sources of data. Primary... more
The objective of this study is to find out the influence of the usage of electronic devices on the relationships between bankers and the customers. This study has been done mainly based on primary and secondary sources of data. Primary data has been collected from respondents through a structured questionnaire. To conduct this research, interviewing approach has been used on clients of Dutch-Bangla Bank Limited (DBBL) Bangladesh, particularly who avail the electronic banking services. The sources of secondary data were collected from different publications and annual reports of DBBL for the year of 2011 to 2017. Simple descriptive statistics were used and two hypotheses were developed and tested by using one sample t-test to evaluate the effectiveness of using electronic devices in improving bank-client relationship. The results show that the usage of e-devices in banking sector has positive impact an improving service quality and client commitment that eventually strengthen lifetime relationships between bank and its clients. Likewise, the findings of the study were as analogous with some other studies where researchers found similar and or different economic characteristics. Hence, it can be beneficial for the policy makers of DBBL as well as other stakeholders of bank.
The economic growth of a country often depends on the factors like availability of natural resources, rate of capital formation, favorable capital-output ratio, technological progress, dynamic entrepreneurship, rate of growth of... more
The economic growth of a country often depends on the factors like availability of natural resources, rate of capital formation, favorable capital-output ratio, technological progress, dynamic entrepreneurship, rate of growth of population, conditions of social overheads such as, education, health, and various non-economic factors. In 1960s, Cattell and Butchir found that 7% world populations living in USA and they enjoy 43% world’s wealth while 55% populations live in Asia enjoy only 16% resources of the world. At present, just 5% of the world's population live in USA consumes 23% of its energy. That's really extravagant. Imagine if you waste five times more gasoline or five times more food or produced five times more garbage, your neighbors wouldn't be very happy! Yet, that's what we're doing. This difference is mainly because of the ownership of natural resources. However, these resources are not unique for certain countries only but its existence cannot expedite the economic growth without the development of entrepreneurship.
Research Interests:
Development of women entrepreneurship in the SME sector has a crucial importance in a developing country like Bangladesh where women constitute half of the total population. The majority of them are underprivileged, under nourished,... more
Development of women entrepreneurship in the SME sector has a crucial importance in a developing country like Bangladesh where women constitute half of the total population. The majority of them are underprivileged, under nourished, illiterate and poor. Hence, the development of women entrepreneurship has tremendous potentials for transforming the society through socioeconomic empowerment of the women. This potential is remained untapped in Bangladesh because of lower number of women entrepreneurs in business and economic activities. According to the Bangladesh Economic Review 2009, around six percent of the country's $90 billion economy comes from SMEs, which is also the largest sector in terms of employment generation. But the women entrepreneurs are less than ten percent of the total entrepreneurs of the country. However, in the recent years, women entrepreneurship in small retail businesses of the country has been increasing which is a good sign for the positive growth of the economy. Therefore, for the development of women entrepreneurship in retail business sector of Bangladesh, identification of critical factors is highly important. These factors can be classified into three types such as, regulative, normative, and cognitive factors. This paper aims at identifying the critical factors related to the development of women entrepreneurship in the retail business sector of Bangladesh. For identifying the factors, 218 women entrepreneurs of retail businesses were interviewed with a structured questionnaire. Both descriptive and inferential statistics were used in this study. Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) was used to identify the relationships between the critical factors and the overall development of women entrepreneurship in the retail business of Bangladesh. The results show that for the development of retail business women entrepreneurs, regulative, normative and cognitive factors are important. Regulative factors such as rules and regulations of the Government and its implementation are critical significant factors for the development of retail business women entrepreneurs in Bangladesh. This study suggests that the government and the policy making organizations should come forward to overcome of normative and cognitive barriers of the women entrepreneurship in the retail business of Bangladesh.
Information and Communication Technology (ICT) is an integral part of business management now-a-day. It is inevitable for the smooth running of business irrespective of size and complexity all over the world. Due to the rapid development... more
Information and Communication Technology (ICT) is an integral part of business management now-a-day. It is inevitable for the smooth running of business irrespective of size and complexity all over the world. Due to the rapid development of ICT and its huge use in all spheres of our lives, businesses are also influenced by it. Now, businesses are managing their resources by using ICT support that is helping them to perform their tasks faster and accurate than before. But the developing countries like Bangladesh are still struggling to introduce ICT supports in all areas of businesses. But due to a very strong culture at work place, this effort is hindered substantially. Therefore, this paper aims at identifying the present status of the use of ICT in business management and its challenges it faces. Secondary data have been primarily used for conducting this study which was collected from the different business reports and the journal papers. An experience survey was also conducted among the senior administrators of the business houses were also included in the study. Results show that the use of ICT is very low in the small and medium business enterprises while the large businesses houses are using ICT supports. Results also show that the use of ICT primarily depends on the complexity and the nature of the business. The entrepreneurs who have ICT literacy, they are mostly using ICT supports in the management of their businesses. This study suggests that the business houses in Bangladesh should use ICT support in order to increase the efficiency at their work. But this is often depends on the ICT infrastructure of the country as a whole.
This paper attempts to identify the empowerment factors of rural women in Bangladesh through homestead poultry rearing practices. Data were collected from 75 rural women involved in poultry rearing practices through interviews using a... more
This paper attempts to identify the empowerment factors of rural women in Bangladesh
through homestead poultry rearing practices. Data were collected from 75 rural women
involved in poultry rearing practices through interviews using a structured questionnaire.
Factor analysis was performed to identify the empowerment factors. Multiple regression
analysis was used to identify the relationships between the six empowerment factors and the overall empowerment of rural women. The results show that homestead poultry rearing practices empower rural women. This study indicates that independent decision making authority and increased involvement in family affairs are positively associated with empowerment. The implications of these findings for rural women in Bangladesh are discussed.
through homestead poultry rearing practices. Data were collected from 75 rural women
involved in poultry rearing practices through interviews using a structured questionnaire.
Factor analysis was performed to identify the empowerment factors. Multiple regression
analysis was used to identify the relationships between the six empowerment factors and the overall empowerment of rural women. The results show that homestead poultry rearing practices empower rural women. This study indicates that independent decision making authority and increased involvement in family affairs are positively associated with empowerment. The implications of these findings for rural women in Bangladesh are discussed.
There is a paramount importance of SME entrepreneurs in a developing economy like Bangladesh. It is often perceived as the prime component of Bangladesh economy. These sector produces and distributes products and services to hundred sixty... more
There is a paramount importance of SME entrepreneurs in a developing economy like Bangladesh. It is often perceived as the prime component of Bangladesh economy. These sector produces and distributes products and services to hundred sixty million people of Bangladesh. Therefore, the success of this sector determines economic status of the economy of Bangladesh which is dependent on a number of factors. Hence, this study aims at identifying the factors that are the instrumental to the success of the SMEs in Bangladesh. By reviewing an extensive literature, the study identified a number of factors that are the determinants of the success of the SMEs. One hundred and thirty two data have been collected from the different types of SME entrepreneurs involved in small manufacturing, wholesaling, retailing, and the like. The factors were reduced to eight factors by using a multivariate statistical technique like Factor Analysis. Multiple Regressions have been performed to identify the significant factors from the factors identified by Factor Analysis. Results show that the success of the SMEs is determined by the entrepreneur's authority on business and the market strategy followed, nature and type of business and financial supports, management know-how, use of modern technology, market accessibility and the networking, government policy and support, favorable external environment, and the owner's personal qualities. This study suggests that the SMEs entrepreneurs must have the command over their businesses and must follow proper marketing strategies for the success of their businesses.
In last two decades, significant changes have taken place in the textile and garment manufacturing processes. These changes result from global environmental factors including technological, economic, social, demographic, political, and... more
In last two decades, significant changes have taken place in the textile and garment manufacturing processes. These changes result from global environmental factors including technological, economic, social, demographic, political, and legal. The most important change is related to the introduction to new machines and advanced manufacturing systems. The up-gradation of technologies has changed the traditional production systems of textile and garments towards modern systems. Developed countries including USA, Japan, and the countries in Europe influence the global textile industry because of modern technological capabilities. These countries continuously maintain their share of total value through designing, manufacturing, and marketing of textile products. Developed countries use capital-intensive technologies including Computer Aided Design (CAD) and Computer Aided Manufacturing (CAM) to produce textiles and garments. The use of these high-tech production systems have substantially changed manufacturing operations of textiles including weaving, bleaching, dying, printing, pattern grading, marker making, cutting, sewing, and finishing. CAD/CAM has been used in textile productions like order processing, management information systems, and the applications to all other areas of manufacturing processes. This has altered the perspective of textile and garment producers in developing countries towards technology-based production systems because of the pressures of globalization of business. Garment companies in Bangladesh mainly use labor-intensive technologies in their production because of the availability of low cost labor. Competitor-exporting countries are using more capital-intensive technologies in producing garments and are continuously moving towards more value added and high quality products. As such, competitiveness in international market is a great concern for the Bangladeshi garment companies. These companies have been upgrading steadily their production technologies by adapting new and advanced machines. Although, this technology is not considered to be ‘advanced technology’ by computerized standards of speed and efficiency, it nevertheless represents an upward shift in the use of technology for industrial production in a country like Bangladesh. The workers perceive that the technological change reduces their job satisfaction and work performance because they are mostly lower skilled and are involved in very narrow range of low value added tasks. As technological change brings new machines into the company, reorganizing and redesigning work has negative impact on workers. This demands technical training of the lower skilled workers. The lower skilled jobs in Bangladeshi garment companies are flexible, short-term forms of employment, and workers have severe occupational health and safety risks. Inadequate employment security and the industrial support facilities increase the severity of the consequences on these workers.
Research Interests:
Leadership is indispensible for all types of business organizations especially in the developing countries like Bangladesh. It inspires, motivates, and sets example for people to carry out effective changes in the organization. Leader... more
Leadership is indispensible for all types of business organizations especially in the developing countries like Bangladesh. It inspires, motivates, and sets example for people to carry out effective changes in the organization. Leader establishes the vision, provides the plan of action, and builds strong relationships with the followers that guide to accomplish incredible acts together. Marketing leadership concentrates both on employees and on customers of the business. Market strategy of the leader is all about what, how and whom the brand target is in order to make sales of the business. Market leaders like Chief Executive Officer (CEO) and Chief Marketing Officer (CMO) determine how the business information effectively receives and transmits by the present and potential customers. CMO bows on creating lasting relationships between employees and the customers '. A number of means like collaboration, inter-connection, leadership skills, effective communication, and empathy determines these co-relations. Marketing leadership helps plan out the new marketing strategy for the growth and development of the company. This crucial part of marketing plan aligns the major goals and creates the key metrics that measure the success of the business. Intense business intellect and aggressive drive for customer satisfaction also aid in gaining market share through effective marketing leadership.
Needless to say that the financial technology or FinTech is useful for delivering financial services to the customers better and faster. It employs specialized software and algorithms that are used on computers and, increasingly, smart... more
Needless to say that the financial technology or FinTech is useful for delivering financial services to the customers better and faster. It employs specialized software and algorithms that are used on computers and, increasingly, smart phones to assist enterprises, business owners, and the consumers in better managing their financial operations, processes, and the lives. Financial companies are dealing more now-a-days with this concept of FinTech due to its convenience and usefulness. Due to globalization, international transactions have substantially increased and customers are opting for more and more virtual transactions. FinTech market in Asia-Pacific is estimated to reach $150 billion by 2025. These technologies are greatly used by the financial institutions and the banks of
Bangladesh in the name of bKash (BRAC Bank Ltd), Rocket (Dutch Bangla Bank Ltd), Nagad (Bangladesh Post Office), mCash (Islami Bank Ltd), Upay (United Commercial Bank Ltd), Islamic Wallet (Al Arafah Islami Bank Ltd), etc. But there are few studies conducted on the application of FinTech in financial sector of Bangladesh. As a result, the aim of this study was to look into the adoption and use of FinTech in banking and investment firms of Bangladesh. A questionnaire survey method was used to collect the data. To identify and evaluate the implementation of FinTech
in financial organizations of Bangladesh, this study used both qualitative and quantitative research methods. Responses of 241 officers from 17 financial and investment companies were taken using a well-structured questionnaire. The study shows that the factors such as, easy and convenience to accomplish the tasks, inducing others to learn operating it, easy to frequently use, easy to adapt, easy learning of FinTech, better scope to meet the needs, usefulness in adoption of FinTech, and availability to guide to use FinTech are important to adapt FinTech in the financial and investment companies of Bangladesh.
Bangladesh in the name of bKash (BRAC Bank Ltd), Rocket (Dutch Bangla Bank Ltd), Nagad (Bangladesh Post Office), mCash (Islami Bank Ltd), Upay (United Commercial Bank Ltd), Islamic Wallet (Al Arafah Islami Bank Ltd), etc. But there are few studies conducted on the application of FinTech in financial sector of Bangladesh. As a result, the aim of this study was to look into the adoption and use of FinTech in banking and investment firms of Bangladesh. A questionnaire survey method was used to collect the data. To identify and evaluate the implementation of FinTech
in financial organizations of Bangladesh, this study used both qualitative and quantitative research methods. Responses of 241 officers from 17 financial and investment companies were taken using a well-structured questionnaire. The study shows that the factors such as, easy and convenience to accomplish the tasks, inducing others to learn operating it, easy to frequently use, easy to adapt, easy learning of FinTech, better scope to meet the needs, usefulness in adoption of FinTech, and availability to guide to use FinTech are important to adapt FinTech in the financial and investment companies of Bangladesh.
Generally, an organization organizes training and development to enhance employees' performance. Job satisfaction can be increased by acquiring proper knowledge, skill, and attitude toward the job which has a huge contribution from... more
Generally, an organization organizes training and development to enhance employees' performance. Job satisfaction can be increased by acquiring proper knowledge, skill, and attitude toward the job which has a huge contribution from training. There are a lot of training methods used by the different organizations based on training materials, time, costs, and types of tasks. In this study, it is assumed that there exists a positive impact of training and development methods on employees' satisfaction in commercial banks in Bangladesh. Methodology: This is empirical research. Both primary and secondary data have been used objectively. Primary data has been collected from the employees of twelve commercial banks. A total number of 250 questionnaires were distributed and 200 representing 80.0% of questionnaires got backed with appropriate filled-up. Results: There are seven most popular and frequently used methods of training and development recognized to determine the impact on employees' job satisfaction. It is revealed from the present study that informal learning has a significant positive impact on employees' satisfaction in commercial banks in Bangladesh.
Textile and garment companies in developing countries use mainly labor-intensive technologies because of low cost labor supply. The manufacturing technology of these companies has been changing towards more sophisticated and... more
Textile and garment companies in developing countries use mainly labor-intensive technologies because of low cost labor supply. The manufacturing technology of these companies has been changing towards more sophisticated and capital-intensive production from the development of new technology and the change in customers demands. Hence, one of the challenges of globalization for the least developed countries is that technology change erodes the advantages of labor intensive technology. This paper examines key impacts of this technological change on job security, job satisfaction, and work relations of textile and garment workers in Bangladesh. It shows that the overall positive impact of technological change is associated with the suitable levels of job security, job satisfaction and work relations. Factors including uncertainty, frustration in terms of the job security; fairness, good supervision minimal conflicts, recognition, promotion and benefits concerned with job satisfaction. The change process, downsizing and strikes are related to the work relations. Both job satisfaction and work relations are significantly related to the overall impact on workers. Job security is related to the overall impact of technological change particularly because of the uncertainty and frustration among workers concerning their status.
Entrepreneurship Development, proved to be a critical resource, is an important factor in econornic uplift and growth of developing countries. There is a paramount importance of the subject for the employment generation and increasing... more
Entrepreneurship Development, proved to be a critical resource, is
an important factor in econornic uplift and growth of developing
countries. There is a paramount importance of the subject for the
employment generation and increasing productivity. Many researchers contributed in developing the subject of entrepreneurship
focusing development of small businesses. So did we, in this book,
mainly focused on small entrepreneurship development. But less we
forget the fact that these small entrepreneurs can develop under the
umbrella of big entrepreneurs. Hence, it is very important to note that
development of big entrepreneurs is also imporrant for small
entrepreneurship development.
an important factor in econornic uplift and growth of developing
countries. There is a paramount importance of the subject for the
employment generation and increasing productivity. Many researchers contributed in developing the subject of entrepreneurship
focusing development of small businesses. So did we, in this book,
mainly focused on small entrepreneurship development. But less we
forget the fact that these small entrepreneurs can develop under the
umbrella of big entrepreneurs. Hence, it is very important to note that
development of big entrepreneurs is also imporrant for small
entrepreneurship development.
Research Interests:
Modern Management written by ABM Rashiduzzaman, Discipline of Business Administration, Khulna University, Khulna, Bangladesh
Teaching Learning Pedagogy for Excellence in Education
Prof. Dr. Nazrul Islam delivered lecture on 'Pedagogy & Research for Excellence in Education' at the Faculty Development Program (FDP) organized by Sai Ram Institute of Management Studies and Sai Ram Institute of Technology of India held... more
Prof. Dr. Nazrul Islam delivered lecture on 'Pedagogy & Research for Excellence in Education' at the Faculty Development Program (FDP) organized by Sai Ram Institute of Management Studies and Sai Ram Institute of Technology of India held on 31 May 2021.
No aspect of education has been more investigated than that of teaching effectiveness in the world. During last 50 years, thousands of research studies have attacked the phenomenon through teachers’ personality and characteristics,... more
No aspect of education has been more investigated than that of teaching effectiveness in the world. During last 50 years, thousands of research studies have attacked the phenomenon through teachers’ personality and characteristics, teaching methods, students understanding and growth, and classroom interactions, with its many facets of social-emotional climate, group influence, leadership behavior, verbal behavior and teaching techniques and strategies. Hence, effectiveness in teaching and classroom efficiency is an important aspect of every teacher. Without the efficiency and effectiveness of teaching, a teacher cannot make the class outcome-based and be accepted by the learners.
There is not a single aspect of education that has been investigated more than that of the effectiveness in classroom teaching in the world. During last 50 years, hundreds of thousands research studies have been conducted on this... more
There is not a single aspect of education that has been investigated more than that of the effectiveness in classroom teaching in the world. During last 50 years, hundreds of thousands research studies have been conducted on this phenomenon. These studies covered teachers’ personality and characteristics, teaching methods, students learning, and classroom interactions which are connected to social-emotional climate, group influence, leadership behavior, verbal behavior, emotional intelligence of teachers and learners and teaching techniques and strategies. Among these phenomenons, the effectiveness in classroom teaching is an important aspect of every teacher in today’s world especially at the tertiary level of education. Without the efficiency and effectiveness of classroom teaching, a teacher cannot make the class outcome-based and be accepted by the learners.
Saying goes that Bangladesh is a country with very high potentials. For materializing this potentials, there is no alternative to develop skilled manpower. For this purpose, we need to focus more on the higher education of the people.... more
Saying goes that Bangladesh is a country with very high potentials. For materializing this potentials, there is no alternative to develop skilled manpower. For this purpose, we need to focus more on the higher education of the people. Statistics also show that two-third of the total high-skilled manpower are supplied by the private universities of Bangladesh. The education of these huge number of graduates depends on the teaching methodologies of the private universities of the country. Hence if the private universities can ensure best education of these graduates, they will be able to contribute to the socioeconomic development of Bangladesh.