- Departamento 407, Edificio Perugia, Ignacio Lasso y Antonio Flores Jijon, Bellavista, Quito, ECUADOR
- 593 2 243 5158
- International Accords and Conservation, Marine Turtles & Land Tortoises, Bagpipes, Common Property Resources, Community Institutions, Marine turtles: conservation and policy, Land Tortoises, and 6 moreArchaeology and biological conservation, Ecology, Conservation Biology, Biodiversity, Environmental Education, and Cheloniansedit
- Background & History: BSc from Cornell University, Conservation Department, D. Phil. in Zoology from Oxford Universit... moreBackground & History:
BSc from Cornell University, Conservation Department, D. Phil. in Zoology from Oxford University;
Did extensive field research in western Indian Ocean, focused on marine & coastal environments - particularly marine turtles * land tortoises, then in various countries in Latin America, particularly Brazil, Costa Rica, & Mexico;
Served as a professor at National University, Costa Rica and then Department of Human Ecology, Centro de Investigacion y de Estudios Avanzados, Merida, Mexico.
Have had an association with different units of the Smithsonian Institution for decades;
Most of career has been spent in the tropics of the developing world, carrying out research, professional training and environmental education in Africa, Asia, and Latin America.
Served as chief editor, guest editor, editorial advisor, on editorial committees, academic coordinator and on academic councils in various countries;
Serve as Chair of the Advisory Committee of the IOSEA Marine Turtle MoU for the Indian Ocean and South East Asia, and until recently was also Chair of the Scientific Committee of the Inter-American Sea Turtle treaty;
Was actively involved for years in the development of these two international instruments;
Current Interests:
In recent years have been exploring ways to integrate biological science with other disciplines and human endeavors, taking into account social and policy issues that are routinely ignored or avoided in the natural sciences;
Much of the work has been ad honorem.edit
Aunque solo siete especies de tortugas marinas existen hoy día, la atención que han recibido por décadas ha sido desproporcionada con respecto a otros animales con mucho mayor diversidad de especies. Estudiantes, científicos e... more
Aunque solo siete especies de tortugas marinas existen hoy día, la atención que han recibido por décadas ha sido desproporcionada con respecto a otros animales con mucho mayor diversidad de especies. Estudiantes, científicos e investigadores, organizaciones conservacionistas y comunitarias, oficinas de gobiernos locales, provinciales/estatales y nacionales, y organizaciones internacionales, el público general, todos esos sectores – de diferentes maneras – se involucran con estos quelonios marinos. Las tortugas marinas son conocidas como “megafauna carismática”, o bien “especies bandera”. Por razones culturales, sociales y también psicológicas, estos reptiles tienen relaciones singulares con la gente de todo el mundo: inclusive, estampillas postales oficiales de varios países sin salida al mar celebran la diversidad y atracción de estos quelonios marinos.
Es así que las tortugas marinas reciben un trato especial, aunque otros animales podrían asumir mayor relevancia ecológica o económica. Con este trato especial las especies bandera son capaces de fomentar mayores avances a favor de la conservación de diversos animales de diferentes clases, incluyendo especies marinas, especies que han sufrido sobreexplotación, especies en peligro y destrucción de sus hábitats. En fin, las tortugas marinas tienen un impacto desproporcionadamente grande en las interrelaciones entre los seres humanos y su mundo.
El objetivo del presente libro es mostrar y explicar varios ejemplos de cómo estos reptiles han funcionado como especie bandera en diferentes países y sociedades, y con esta información promover un mejor aprovechamiento de esas herramientas únicas para mejorar la relación entre la gente y nuestro mundo.
Es así que las tortugas marinas reciben un trato especial, aunque otros animales podrían asumir mayor relevancia ecológica o económica. Con este trato especial las especies bandera son capaces de fomentar mayores avances a favor de la conservación de diversos animales de diferentes clases, incluyendo especies marinas, especies que han sufrido sobreexplotación, especies en peligro y destrucción de sus hábitats. En fin, las tortugas marinas tienen un impacto desproporcionadamente grande en las interrelaciones entre los seres humanos y su mundo.
El objetivo del presente libro es mostrar y explicar varios ejemplos de cómo estos reptiles han funcionado como especie bandera en diferentes países y sociedades, y con esta información promover un mejor aprovechamiento de esas herramientas únicas para mejorar la relación entre la gente y nuestro mundo.
Research Interests:
Research Interests:
Some giant tortoises (Geochelone gigantea) migrate to the relatively shadeless coast during the rainy season to obtain the seasonal flush of food which results in migrant females laying larger clutches than those tortoises that stay... more
Some giant tortoises (Geochelone gigantea) migrate to the relatively shadeless coast during the rainy season to obtain the seasonal flush of food which results in migrant females laying larger clutches than those tortoises that stay inland. The migrants face the conflict of maximizing food intake and minimizing the risk of death from overheating. Internal body temperature was measured using radio pills; other observations were made of ambient temperature, critical thermal maximum, sward height, tortoise density and body size distribution of grazing tortoises in relation to distance from the nearest shade center. The results are: (i) on cool days tortoises are active all day but on hot days they shade at midday, (ii) CTMax is 36-380C, (iii) larger tortoises spend longer in the shade, (iv) the need to shade imposes limitations on feeding range, (v) different size tortoises do not have different size feeding ranges.
Research Interests:
Research Interests:
Research Interests:
The hawksbill turtle (Eretmochelys imbricata (Linnaeus, 1766)) occurs in all of the world’s tropical and temperate oceans. Hawksbill turtle nesting is widespread and in some areas abundant within the Indian Ocean and South-East Asia... more
The hawksbill turtle (Eretmochelys imbricata
(Linnaeus, 1766)) occurs in all of the world’s tropical and
temperate oceans. Hawksbill turtle nesting is widespread
and in some areas abundant within the Indian Ocean and
South-East Asia (IOSEA) region. As is common for widely
distributed and long-lived marine species, determining
the hawksbill’s conservation status at managementrelevant
scales has been challenging (Meylan and
Donnelly 1999; Mortimer and Donnelly 2008; Wallace et
al. 2011; FitzSimmons and Limpus 2014). Similar to other
marine turtle species, the hawksbill turtle is comprised of
numerous individual populations, which nest in separate
locations to one another and often display distinct life
cycle characteristics (FitzSimmons and Limpus 2014).
Yet different nesting populations may also share nursery
and foraging areas (Vargas et al. 2016; Bell and Jensen,
2018). As a result, conducting global status assessments
(e.g. IUCN Red List framework) has proven challenging
and sometimes controversial (Godfrey and Godley 2008).
However, for conservation strategies to be effective,
it is crucial to identify the relationships between the
geographic areas used by each population, thereby
allowing the identification of anthropogenic threats and
impacts at the population level (FitzSimmons and Limpus
2014) and the implementation of effective management.
There have been several attempts to categorise
marine turtles into distinct population units below the
species level, but above the nesting population level. The
development of population genetics was used to determine
genetically distinct populations, and subsequently to
classify these populations as stocks or management
units (as per Moritz 2002). The IOSEA region hosts at
least eight hawksbill management units that nest within
the region; a ninth management unit nests just outside
the IOSEA, although non-reproductive individuals occur
within the region (FitzSimmons and Limpus 2014; Vargas
et al. 2016). Moreover, additional management units
could potentially occur in various locations throughout
the IOSEA region where hawksbills nest but where no
genetic data are available (FitzSimmons and Limpus
2014). Given that knowledge gaps in genetic structure
exist for many regions of the world, Wallace et al. (2010a)
introduced the concept of regional management units
(RMUs) for all seven marine turtle species.
(Linnaeus, 1766)) occurs in all of the world’s tropical and
temperate oceans. Hawksbill turtle nesting is widespread
and in some areas abundant within the Indian Ocean and
South-East Asia (IOSEA) region. As is common for widely
distributed and long-lived marine species, determining
the hawksbill’s conservation status at managementrelevant
scales has been challenging (Meylan and
Donnelly 1999; Mortimer and Donnelly 2008; Wallace et
al. 2011; FitzSimmons and Limpus 2014). Similar to other
marine turtle species, the hawksbill turtle is comprised of
numerous individual populations, which nest in separate
locations to one another and often display distinct life
cycle characteristics (FitzSimmons and Limpus 2014).
Yet different nesting populations may also share nursery
and foraging areas (Vargas et al. 2016; Bell and Jensen,
2018). As a result, conducting global status assessments
(e.g. IUCN Red List framework) has proven challenging
and sometimes controversial (Godfrey and Godley 2008).
However, for conservation strategies to be effective,
it is crucial to identify the relationships between the
geographic areas used by each population, thereby
allowing the identification of anthropogenic threats and
impacts at the population level (FitzSimmons and Limpus
2014) and the implementation of effective management.
There have been several attempts to categorise
marine turtles into distinct population units below the
species level, but above the nesting population level. The
development of population genetics was used to determine
genetically distinct populations, and subsequently to
classify these populations as stocks or management
units (as per Moritz 2002). The IOSEA region hosts at
least eight hawksbill management units that nest within
the region; a ninth management unit nests just outside
the IOSEA, although non-reproductive individuals occur
within the region (FitzSimmons and Limpus 2014; Vargas
et al. 2016). Moreover, additional management units
could potentially occur in various locations throughout
the IOSEA region where hawksbills nest but where no
genetic data are available (FitzSimmons and Limpus
2014). Given that knowledge gaps in genetic structure
exist for many regions of the world, Wallace et al. (2010a)
introduced the concept of regional management units
(RMUs) for all seven marine turtle species.
Research Interests:
Research Interests:
Introduction History Besides the Coco de Mer , Giant Tortoises and gracious women, the Seychelles Islands have been famous for their marine turtles. This fame rose rapidly' during the colonisation of The Islands by the French in the late... more
Introduction
History
Besides the Coco de Mer , Giant Tortoises and gracious women, the Seychelles Islands have been famous for their marine turtles. This fame rose rapidly' during
the colonisation of The Islands by the French in the late 1700's (Fauvel 1909, Lionnet 1972:66). Throughout the end of the last century. and the first half of the present. the Seychelles were world renowned for their turtles. being a major source of both Green Turtles (Chelonia mydas (L.)) and Hawksbill (tortoiseshell) Turtles (Eretmochelys imbricata (L.)).
However. this reputation has been continually checkered from the early years by pleas for rational management, 'doomsday' predictions, and finally massive and widespread declines in the numbers of turtles. The renown is now only
historic - the Seychelles turtles situation no longer illustrates the boundless value of natural resources, but the urgent need to manage them (Frazier. 1979). Although the turtle industry has come and gone, leaving only a vestige of former
turtle populations. little is known of the biology of these animals. This has come about despite the fact that Seychelles had one of the earliest of comprehensive studies and management proposals on marine turles, that of Hornell (1927). Today, the major concern is for the rehabilitation of the turtles.
History
Besides the Coco de Mer , Giant Tortoises and gracious women, the Seychelles Islands have been famous for their marine turtles. This fame rose rapidly' during
the colonisation of The Islands by the French in the late 1700's (Fauvel 1909, Lionnet 1972:66). Throughout the end of the last century. and the first half of the present. the Seychelles were world renowned for their turtles. being a major source of both Green Turtles (Chelonia mydas (L.)) and Hawksbill (tortoiseshell) Turtles (Eretmochelys imbricata (L.)).
However. this reputation has been continually checkered from the early years by pleas for rational management, 'doomsday' predictions, and finally massive and widespread declines in the numbers of turtles. The renown is now only
historic - the Seychelles turtles situation no longer illustrates the boundless value of natural resources, but the urgent need to manage them (Frazier. 1979). Although the turtle industry has come and gone, leaving only a vestige of former
turtle populations. little is known of the biology of these animals. This has come about despite the fact that Seychelles had one of the earliest of comprehensive studies and management proposals on marine turles, that of Hornell (1927). Today, the major concern is for the rehabilitation of the turtles.
Research Interests:
Las tortugas marinas son especies bandera: altamente atractivas, y muchas acciones e iniciativas relacionadas con estos reptiles se enfocan en la conservación (Frazier 2005). Sin duda alguna, las actividades conservacionistas han hecho... more
Las tortugas marinas son especies bandera: altamente atractivas, y muchas acciones e iniciativas relacionadas con estos reptiles se enfocan en la conservación (Frazier 2005). Sin duda alguna, las actividades conservacionistas han hecho importantes contribuciones, tanto para proteger a las tortugas marinas y sus hábitats, como para proteger otras especies y ambientes.
Sin embargo, hay varios supuestos relacionados con la conservación biológica (comúnmente llamada “conservación”). Aunque expresados de una manera general y extrema, éstos son fundamentales para el establecimiento de los contextos conceptuales, así como socio-políticos. Entre estos supuestos se destacan los siguientes:
1. La conservación es una disciplina científica, recién establecida;
2. La preocupación por el cuidado del ambiente es reciente;
3. La perturbación severa del ambiente por el ser humano es reciente;
4. Es el ser humano quien destruye el ambiente y la naturaleza;
5. Hay que proteger del ser humano a la naturaleza;
6. La gente que trabaja a favor de la naturaleza –los conservacionistas– son altruistas
7. Las organizaciones que trabajan en la conservación son “sin fines de lucro”.
No obstante, el predominio (el dominio y la supremacía) de estos supuestos, es sumamente importante examinar cada uno de ellos objetivamente.
Sin embargo, hay varios supuestos relacionados con la conservación biológica (comúnmente llamada “conservación”). Aunque expresados de una manera general y extrema, éstos son fundamentales para el establecimiento de los contextos conceptuales, así como socio-políticos. Entre estos supuestos se destacan los siguientes:
1. La conservación es una disciplina científica, recién establecida;
2. La preocupación por el cuidado del ambiente es reciente;
3. La perturbación severa del ambiente por el ser humano es reciente;
4. Es el ser humano quien destruye el ambiente y la naturaleza;
5. Hay que proteger del ser humano a la naturaleza;
6. La gente que trabaja a favor de la naturaleza –los conservacionistas– son altruistas
7. Las organizaciones que trabajan en la conservación son “sin fines de lucro”.
No obstante, el predominio (el dominio y la supremacía) de estos supuestos, es sumamente importante examinar cada uno de ellos objetivamente.
Research Interests:
Research Interests:
La conservación de las tortugas marinas ha llegado a ser una preocupación global y los cinco países Partes del Convenio del Lima juegan un papel central. En cada país, desde Chile hasta Panamá, estos reptiles han sido parte importante de... more
La conservación de las tortugas marinas ha llegado a ser una preocupación global y los cinco países Partes del Convenio del Lima juegan un papel central. En cada país, desde Chile hasta Panamá, estos reptiles han sido parte importante de la cultura prehistórica y durante el
último siglo sucesos únicos en cada uno de esos países muestran que la relación entre el ser humano y las tortugas marinas es sustancial. Desde Chile hasta Panamá hay poblaciones y
hábitats que son vitales a nivel mundial para estos reptiles. Investigadores y conservacionistas
de cada país han contribuido con información básica para el desarrollo de la ciencia y mejores
prácticas de conservación y manejo. Estos países cuentan con abundante legislación,
normativa y políticas, que crea un contexto jurídico con amplios elementos de protección y manejo.
No obstante, las tortugas marinas presentan desafíos que rebasan los logros y las políticas
individuales de cada Estado. Con ciclos de vida extremadamente complejos – requieren
décadas sólo para llegar a la edad reproductiva – y el hábito de hacer migraciones
atravesando cuencas oceánicas, hacen que ningún estado por sí solo pueda realizar
actividades de investigación y manejo suficientes para entender la biología y ecología de estos
intrigantes seres, mucho menos para llevar a cabo acciones de conservación y manejo para
mitigar la multitud de riesgos a los que se ven enfrentados. Por esta razón, acuerdos
internacionales, como el Convenio de Lima, son imprescindibles para cuidar estos recursos
compartidos. La colaboración y cooperación entre países y pueblos es esencial – para todos.
Por lo mencionado anteriormente, los países Partes del Convenio de Lima desarrollaron el
Programa Regional para la Conservación de las Tortugas Marinas en el Pacífico Sudeste,
mismo que por su contexto jurídico incluye acuerdos vinculantes. En todo caso, estos
países también son Partes de otros instrumentos cuyos acuerdos son vinculantes, y contienen
medidas importantes para la conservación de las tortugas marinas, así como otros recursos
compartidos, particularmente los del ambiente marino-costero.
Con el fin de cumplir con los objetivos del Programa Regional es fundamental fortalecer la
información de todos los países para crear una síntesis regional, y es por esta razón que
cada uno de los cinco países elaboró un informe nacional que resume la situación relativa a
las tortugas marinas. Esta información muestra que, a pesar de los avances, queda mucho
por hacer. La información sobre distribuciones y estatus de las tortugas marinas en la región
es aún parcial, y entre los vacíos, uno de los más grandes es la comprensión de las
“unidades de manejo”, o estructura poblacional de las cinco especies. Uno de los
requerimientos más críticos es obtener información fidedigna sobre las tendencias
poblacionales para saber en qué estado se encuentran: incrementándose, manteniéndose o
reduciéndose. Con esta información se pueden diseñar programas de conservación y manejo
basados en la realidad de cada población.
Lamentablemente, estamos lejos de contar con esta información clave; se requiere un
mínimo de 15 años de datos levantados a través de protocolos estandarizados,
consistentes y sistemáticos para poder descifrar grandes e impredecibles variaciones en el dinámico ambiente marino-costero, y los múltiples organismos (predadores, parásitos, presas,
competidores, etc.) que interactúan con las tortugas marinas, sin hablar de los fuertes
cambios económicos, sociales y políticos que son motores para cambios en los ambientes
marino-costeros. Nuestro nivel de entendimiento sobre la capacidad de reproducción y
recuperación – tasas de reclutamiento – de estas poblaciones es también muy pobre.
Además, es evidente que hace falta mucha información sobre los riesgos que enfrentan las
tortugas marinas en esta región. Sin duda, en muchos sitios hay alta presión humana por
explotación directa de huevos, hembras anidadoras y otros individuos en el mar. Depredación
por animales silvestres, ferales y domésticos es también crítica en muchos sitios.
Perturbaciones a playas de anidación es un serio problema en varios lugares. La
contaminación toma varias formas; dos de las más evidentes son la contaminación por luz en
las cercanías a las playas de anidación que desorienta a las crías causando gran mortalidad y la
contaminación con plásticos que son consumidos por las tortugas causando obstrucciones
en su sistema digestivo y luego la muerte. Por el momento, parece que las actividades de
turismo en sí no presentan grandes riesgos, aunque los desarrollos relacionados con la industria de turismo sí son grandes amenazas, por múltiples razones.
Una fuente significativa de mortalidad es la interacción con pesquerías; ocurre con todas las especies en todo el mundo. La actividad pesquera es de gran importancia en los cinco países de la región, y por ende la pesca incidental de tortugas marinas es un gran problema regional. Lastimosamente, con pocas excepciones, la información sobre este grave riesgo es muy pobre, y sumado a eso, la poca información generalmente no es sistemática y la información disponible no ha sido analizada para tener una visión sintética de la problemática y
cómo resolverla mejor.
Cada uno de los cinco países ha llevado a cabo un taller FODA para identificar fortalezas,
oportunidades, debilidades y amenazas. Apoyados en estos talleres, cada informe
nacional ha propuesto una serie de recomendaciones, específicas a cada situación
nacional; algunas de los cuales son puntos generales que sobresalen. Urge la
coordinación y cooperación entre instituciones de diferentes ramas de gobierno así como de
diversas organizaciones del sector privado. Urge involucrar a los miembros de las
comunidades de “usuarios” de los recursos y sus hábitats. El mecanismo más eficaz para
promover la comunicación, coordinación y colaboración de actores es el comité (o red)
nacional, y urge institucionalizarlo y fortalecerlo en cada país. Dado que la conservación trata
de actitudes y actividades humanas, urge información fidedigna sobre aspectos socioeconómicos,
desde luego levantada por profesionales en esas disciplinas. Para fomentar la
comunicación eficiente, y establecer bases para estudios científicos, particularmente de largo
plazo, urge poner en marcha a nivel regional un sistema de estandarización de toma de datos
mínimamente necesarios para entender las variables críticas para la conservación y manejo de estos recursos compartidos. Hay que desarrollar mecanismos adecuados de apoyo, siendo innovador con alianzas, con prioridades y objetivos. Evaluaciones objetivas y periódicas son fundamentales.
último siglo sucesos únicos en cada uno de esos países muestran que la relación entre el ser humano y las tortugas marinas es sustancial. Desde Chile hasta Panamá hay poblaciones y
hábitats que son vitales a nivel mundial para estos reptiles. Investigadores y conservacionistas
de cada país han contribuido con información básica para el desarrollo de la ciencia y mejores
prácticas de conservación y manejo. Estos países cuentan con abundante legislación,
normativa y políticas, que crea un contexto jurídico con amplios elementos de protección y manejo.
No obstante, las tortugas marinas presentan desafíos que rebasan los logros y las políticas
individuales de cada Estado. Con ciclos de vida extremadamente complejos – requieren
décadas sólo para llegar a la edad reproductiva – y el hábito de hacer migraciones
atravesando cuencas oceánicas, hacen que ningún estado por sí solo pueda realizar
actividades de investigación y manejo suficientes para entender la biología y ecología de estos
intrigantes seres, mucho menos para llevar a cabo acciones de conservación y manejo para
mitigar la multitud de riesgos a los que se ven enfrentados. Por esta razón, acuerdos
internacionales, como el Convenio de Lima, son imprescindibles para cuidar estos recursos
compartidos. La colaboración y cooperación entre países y pueblos es esencial – para todos.
Por lo mencionado anteriormente, los países Partes del Convenio de Lima desarrollaron el
Programa Regional para la Conservación de las Tortugas Marinas en el Pacífico Sudeste,
mismo que por su contexto jurídico incluye acuerdos vinculantes. En todo caso, estos
países también son Partes de otros instrumentos cuyos acuerdos son vinculantes, y contienen
medidas importantes para la conservación de las tortugas marinas, así como otros recursos
compartidos, particularmente los del ambiente marino-costero.
Con el fin de cumplir con los objetivos del Programa Regional es fundamental fortalecer la
información de todos los países para crear una síntesis regional, y es por esta razón que
cada uno de los cinco países elaboró un informe nacional que resume la situación relativa a
las tortugas marinas. Esta información muestra que, a pesar de los avances, queda mucho
por hacer. La información sobre distribuciones y estatus de las tortugas marinas en la región
es aún parcial, y entre los vacíos, uno de los más grandes es la comprensión de las
“unidades de manejo”, o estructura poblacional de las cinco especies. Uno de los
requerimientos más críticos es obtener información fidedigna sobre las tendencias
poblacionales para saber en qué estado se encuentran: incrementándose, manteniéndose o
reduciéndose. Con esta información se pueden diseñar programas de conservación y manejo
basados en la realidad de cada población.
Lamentablemente, estamos lejos de contar con esta información clave; se requiere un
mínimo de 15 años de datos levantados a través de protocolos estandarizados,
consistentes y sistemáticos para poder descifrar grandes e impredecibles variaciones en el dinámico ambiente marino-costero, y los múltiples organismos (predadores, parásitos, presas,
competidores, etc.) que interactúan con las tortugas marinas, sin hablar de los fuertes
cambios económicos, sociales y políticos que son motores para cambios en los ambientes
marino-costeros. Nuestro nivel de entendimiento sobre la capacidad de reproducción y
recuperación – tasas de reclutamiento – de estas poblaciones es también muy pobre.
Además, es evidente que hace falta mucha información sobre los riesgos que enfrentan las
tortugas marinas en esta región. Sin duda, en muchos sitios hay alta presión humana por
explotación directa de huevos, hembras anidadoras y otros individuos en el mar. Depredación
por animales silvestres, ferales y domésticos es también crítica en muchos sitios.
Perturbaciones a playas de anidación es un serio problema en varios lugares. La
contaminación toma varias formas; dos de las más evidentes son la contaminación por luz en
las cercanías a las playas de anidación que desorienta a las crías causando gran mortalidad y la
contaminación con plásticos que son consumidos por las tortugas causando obstrucciones
en su sistema digestivo y luego la muerte. Por el momento, parece que las actividades de
turismo en sí no presentan grandes riesgos, aunque los desarrollos relacionados con la industria de turismo sí son grandes amenazas, por múltiples razones.
Una fuente significativa de mortalidad es la interacción con pesquerías; ocurre con todas las especies en todo el mundo. La actividad pesquera es de gran importancia en los cinco países de la región, y por ende la pesca incidental de tortugas marinas es un gran problema regional. Lastimosamente, con pocas excepciones, la información sobre este grave riesgo es muy pobre, y sumado a eso, la poca información generalmente no es sistemática y la información disponible no ha sido analizada para tener una visión sintética de la problemática y
cómo resolverla mejor.
Cada uno de los cinco países ha llevado a cabo un taller FODA para identificar fortalezas,
oportunidades, debilidades y amenazas. Apoyados en estos talleres, cada informe
nacional ha propuesto una serie de recomendaciones, específicas a cada situación
nacional; algunas de los cuales son puntos generales que sobresalen. Urge la
coordinación y cooperación entre instituciones de diferentes ramas de gobierno así como de
diversas organizaciones del sector privado. Urge involucrar a los miembros de las
comunidades de “usuarios” de los recursos y sus hábitats. El mecanismo más eficaz para
promover la comunicación, coordinación y colaboración de actores es el comité (o red)
nacional, y urge institucionalizarlo y fortalecerlo en cada país. Dado que la conservación trata
de actitudes y actividades humanas, urge información fidedigna sobre aspectos socioeconómicos,
desde luego levantada por profesionales en esas disciplinas. Para fomentar la
comunicación eficiente, y establecer bases para estudios científicos, particularmente de largo
plazo, urge poner en marcha a nivel regional un sistema de estandarización de toma de datos
mínimamente necesarios para entender las variables críticas para la conservación y manejo de estos recursos compartidos. Hay que desarrollar mecanismos adecuados de apoyo, siendo innovador con alianzas, con prioridades y objetivos. Evaluaciones objetivas y periódicas son fundamentales.
Research Interests: Sea Turtles, Marine Turtles, Hawksbill Sea Turtle, Life history and ecology of green sea turtles (chelonia mydas), East Pacific, Marine turtles: conservation and policy, and 7 moreSea Turtle Biology and Conservation, Black sea turtles, Sea turtles and by-catch, Sea Turtle, Green Sea Turtles, Loggerhead Sea Turtles, and CPPS
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MEMORIAS SOBRE EL IV TALLER REGIONAL SOBRE CONSERVACIÓN DE TORTUGAS MARINAS EN LA PENÍNSULA DE YUCATÁN J. Frazier. La presente obra, resultado del IV Taller Regional sobre Programas de Conservación de Tortugas Marinas de la Península de... more
MEMORIAS SOBRE EL IV TALLER REGIONAL SOBRE CONSERVACIÓN DE TORTUGAS MARINAS EN LA PENÍNSULA DE YUCATÁN
J. Frazier.
La presente obra, resultado del IV Taller Regional sobre Programas de Conservación de Tortugas Marinas de la Península de Yucatán, representa la primera publicación de información detallada originada en esta reunión anual. Aquí se presentan los resultados de seis conferencias, resumiendo y sintetizando información de una gran variedad de fuentes; diez trabajos sobre actividades llevadas a cabo en campamentos tortugueros en diferentes sitios de la Península y cuatro contribuciones sobre programas de educación ambiental.
ISBN 968-6843-23-X. 1993. $110.00 pesos
J. Frazier.
La presente obra, resultado del IV Taller Regional sobre Programas de Conservación de Tortugas Marinas de la Península de Yucatán, representa la primera publicación de información detallada originada en esta reunión anual. Aquí se presentan los resultados de seis conferencias, resumiendo y sintetizando información de una gran variedad de fuentes; diez trabajos sobre actividades llevadas a cabo en campamentos tortugueros en diferentes sitios de la Península y cuatro contribuciones sobre programas de educación ambiental.
ISBN 968-6843-23-X. 1993. $110.00 pesos
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Maria Ângela Marcovaldi1, Joca Thomé2 & J. G. Frazier3 1Fundação PróTAMAR, Caixa Postal 2219, Salvador, Bahia, CEP: 40210-970 Brazil (E-mail: neca@tamar.org.br) 2Projeto TAMAR-IBAMA, Av. Paulino Miller 1111, Jucutuquara, Vitória, Epírito... more
Maria Ângela Marcovaldi1, Joca Thomé2 & J. G. Frazier3 1Fundação PróTAMAR, Caixa Postal 2219, Salvador, Bahia, CEP: 40210-970 Brazil (E-mail: neca@tamar.org.br) 2Projeto TAMAR-IBAMA, Av. Paulino Miller 1111, Jucutuquara, Vitória, Epírito Santo, CEP:29042-571, Brasil. 3Conservation and Research Center, National Zoological Park, Smithsonian Institution, 1500 Remount Road, Front Royal, Virginia 22630 USA (Email:kurma@shentel.net)
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General Introduction. Description of the Archipelago: Geography. Climate. Oceanography. Flora and Fauna. Political Status. Historical Summary. Ethnographic Features. Summary of the Fishery. Research History. Feeding Habitats. Nesting... more
General Introduction. Description of the Archipelago: Geography. Climate. Oceanography. Flora and Fauna. Political Status. Historical Summary. Ethnographic Features. Summary of the Fishery. Research History. Feeding Habitats. Nesting Habitats. Species Accounts: Chelonia Mydas (Linnaeus). Common Names in Use. Occurrence. Population Size and Structure. Movements and Migrations. Morphometrics. Growth and Size Comparisons. Scalation. Coloration. Body Condition. Feeding Habits. Breeding Biology. Nest Habitat Utilisation. Eretmochelys Imbricata (Linnaeus). Common Names in Use. Occurrence. Population Size and Structure. Movements and Migrations. Morphometrics. Size Comparisons. Scalation. Coloration. Feeding Habits. Breeding Biology. Nest Habitat Utilisation. Unidentified Species. Non-Human Predation. Human Predation. Epizoa. Habitat Degradation and Destruction. Commercial Exploitation, Past and Present. Legislative Measures, Past and Present. Reserves. Recommendations. General Summary. Ac...
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"MEMORIAS SOBRE EL IV TALLER REGIONAL SOBRE CONSERVACIÓN DE TORTUGAS MARINAS EN LA PENÍNSULA DE YUCATÁN J. Frazier. La presente obra, resultado del IV Taller Regional sobre Programas de Conservación de Tortugas Marinas de la... more
"MEMORIAS SOBRE EL IV TALLER REGIONAL SOBRE CONSERVACIÓN DE TORTUGAS MARINAS EN LA PENÍNSULA DE YUCATÁN J. Frazier. La presente obra, resultado del IV Taller Regional sobre Programas de Conservación de Tortugas Marinas de la Península de Yucatán, representa la primera publicación de información detallada originada en esta reunión anual. Aquí se presentan los resultados de seis conferencias, resumiendo y sintetizando información de una gran variedad de fuentes; diez trabajos sobre actividades llevadas a cabo en campamentos tortugueros en diferentes sitios de la Península y cuatro contribuciones sobre programas de educación ambiental. ISBN 968-6843-23-X. 1993. $110.00 pesos"
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Five species of marine turtle occur in the Egyptian Red Sea and three are recognised by local fisher men: Eretmochelys imbricata (L.), Chelonia mydas (L.), and Dermochelys coriacea (L.). The last named is rarely sighted, and although the... more
Five species of marine turtle occur in the Egyptian Red Sea and three are recognised by local fisher men: Eretmochelys imbricata (L.), Chelonia mydas (L.), and Dermochelys coriacea (L.). The last named is rarely sighted, and although the other two nest, only Eretmochelys is common; possibly 500 nest yearly, mainly on offshore islands. Both nesting and feeding habitats appear to be extensive for this species. but clutches have am unusually high percentage of yoIkless eggs. The significance of this is not understood, but it indicates that the animals are under pressures not experienced in other parts of their range. The small population of Chelonia is probably due to the scarcity of feeding habitat; marine pastures are generally small in area and standing crop. Derrnochelys may be rarely sighted because local fishermen infrequently venture into epipelagic waters where this animal is most common, but the available data indicate that the species is a vagrant in Egypt. The enormous swarms (Jellyfish that occur in the Egyptian Red Sea evidently do not attract these turles, although seasonal concentrations of jellyfish are often accompanied by Derrnochclys in other seas. Exploitation of' turtles, mainly for meat and eggs, is slight, but habitat perturbations are intense from oil pollution and marine explosions. There is a great need/or more basic information and rigorous management of the marine environment.
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Se realiza una revisión bibliográfica y de especímenes de tortugas de Museos, haciendo una relación histórica de lugares y fechas de observación y/o capturas de tortugas marinas en Chile. A Chile llegan cuatro especies de tortugas;... more
Se realiza una revisión bibliográfica y de especímenes de tortugas de Museos, haciendo una relación histórica de lugares y fechas de observación y/o capturas de tortugas marinas en Chile. A Chile llegan cuatro especies de tortugas; Dermochelys coriacea, Chelonia mydas, Lepidochelys olivacea y Caretta caretta, pero no regularmente en el año. El registro más austral es de Chelonia mydas para Isla Desolación (52° 57' S).
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A review of records of dugongs Dugong dugong from the Gull of Kutch, Gujarat, is presented. Details of an immature male found dead near Bet Dwarka Island are also given, with morphometrics (including rarely measured internal organs),... more
A review of records of dugongs Dugong dugong from the Gull of Kutch, Gujarat, is presented. Details of an immature male found dead near Bet Dwarka Island are also given, with morphometrics (including rarely measured internal organs), stomach contents and parasites. Stomach contents indicate that the small marine angiosperms Halophila ovalis is an important food item. Three intestinal flatworms were found: Haerator caperatus, Rhabdiopoeus taylori, and lndosolenorchis hirudinaceus;
the first two are new records for Indian dugongs. It is concluded !hat, although formerly discounted as consisting of strays, the dugong population in the Gulf of Kutch is significant; there is evidently a resident, breeding population. This population needs to be investigated and protected.
the first two are new records for Indian dugongs. It is concluded !hat, although formerly discounted as consisting of strays, the dugong population in the Gulf of Kutch is significant; there is evidently a resident, breeding population. This population needs to be investigated and protected.
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consists of eight main islands and numerous islets on the atoll rim, surrounding a large and open lagoon. The two largest islands, Wizard and Menai, are those usually visited by scientists. There has been no detailed survey of... more
consists of eight main islands and numerous islets on the atoll rim,
surrounding a large and open lagoon. The two largest islands, Wizard and
Menai, are those usually visited by scientists. There has been no
detailed survey of Cosmoledo at any time, though many expeditions have
called there for brief visits (Table 4) . The main published accounts
are those by Dupont (1907, 8-12), Fryer (1911, 428-430), Travis (1959,
111-156), Baker (1963, 86-92), and Piggott (1961, 27-30; 1968, 53-54).
Ten members of the Royal Society Expedition to Aldabra visited Menai
and Wizard Islands in March 1968, and five more visited Menai only in
September 1968 : this paper summarises earlier work and adds new information
from the Royal Society surveys .
The main hydrographic survey of Cosmoledo was by W. J . L. Wharton
in 1878, published as Admiralty Chart 718 in 1879 . This chart, with
revisions by H.M.S. Owen in 1964, is still current . The atoll was
covered by aerial· photography in 1960, and Baker (1963, 87, 89, 91, 93)
used air photographs to prepare sketch maps of the geology of the main
islands. Figure 3 is based primarily on the 1960 air photograph cover,
with topographic control and bathymetry from the 1967 edition of Admiralty
Chart 718. This map should not be used for navigational purposes without
further field survey .
surrounding a large and open lagoon. The two largest islands, Wizard and
Menai, are those usually visited by scientists. There has been no
detailed survey of Cosmoledo at any time, though many expeditions have
called there for brief visits (Table 4) . The main published accounts
are those by Dupont (1907, 8-12), Fryer (1911, 428-430), Travis (1959,
111-156), Baker (1963, 86-92), and Piggott (1961, 27-30; 1968, 53-54).
Ten members of the Royal Society Expedition to Aldabra visited Menai
and Wizard Islands in March 1968, and five more visited Menai only in
September 1968 : this paper summarises earlier work and adds new information
from the Royal Society surveys .
The main hydrographic survey of Cosmoledo was by W. J . L. Wharton
in 1878, published as Admiralty Chart 718 in 1879 . This chart, with
revisions by H.M.S. Owen in 1964, is still current . The atoll was
covered by aerial· photography in 1960, and Baker (1963, 87, 89, 91, 93)
used air photographs to prepare sketch maps of the geology of the main
islands. Figure 3 is based primarily on the 1960 air photograph cover,
with topographic control and bathymetry from the 1967 edition of Admiralty
Chart 718. This map should not be used for navigational purposes without
further field survey .
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Introduction Astove, 10°6'S, 47°45'E, is an elevated atoll with a nearly continuous land rim, located 35 km south of Cosmoledo Atoll and 145 km southeast of Aldabra. There have been fewer visits by scientists to Astove than to many of... more
Introduction
Astove, 10°6'S, 47°45'E, is an elevated atoll with a nearly continuous
land rim, located 35 km south of Cosmoledo Atoll and 145 km southeast
of Aldabra. There have been fewer visits by scientists to Astove
than to many of the neighbouring islands, and older records are particularly
scarce. Fryer called there briefly in 1908 (Fryer 1911),
following Dupont in 1906 (Dupont 1907). The main accounts are those by
Vesey- FitzGerald (1942), Baker (1963), and Piggott (196la, 196lb, 1968).
Table 8 lists scientific visitors to Astove. This account is based on
the literature, and on observations made during two visits by Royal
Society Expedition personnel, the first by ten members on 5 March and
the second by five on 14 September 1968. Most of these observations
were made on the western side of the atoll, though some members visited
the northern part of the east side, and Stoddart walked round the whole
land rim. The first hydrographic survey of Astove was by H.M.S. Owen in
1964 (Admiralty Chart 718, 1967); Figure 5 is based on small-scale
aerial photography carried out in 1960, with details added from Baker
(1963) and Piggott (196lb, 1968).
Astove, 10°6'S, 47°45'E, is an elevated atoll with a nearly continuous
land rim, located 35 km south of Cosmoledo Atoll and 145 km southeast
of Aldabra. There have been fewer visits by scientists to Astove
than to many of the neighbouring islands, and older records are particularly
scarce. Fryer called there briefly in 1908 (Fryer 1911),
following Dupont in 1906 (Dupont 1907). The main accounts are those by
Vesey- FitzGerald (1942), Baker (1963), and Piggott (196la, 196lb, 1968).
Table 8 lists scientific visitors to Astove. This account is based on
the literature, and on observations made during two visits by Royal
Society Expedition personnel, the first by ten members on 5 March and
the second by five on 14 September 1968. Most of these observations
were made on the western side of the atoll, though some members visited
the northern part of the east side, and Stoddart walked round the whole
land rim. The first hydrographic survey of Astove was by H.M.S. Owen in
1964 (Admiralty Chart 718, 1967); Figure 5 is based on small-scale
aerial photography carried out in 1960, with details added from Baker
(1963) and Piggott (196lb, 1968).
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The concept of "sustainable development " (susdev) is high1.y relevant to those of us who specialize or1 marine turtles. The term has become a major social phenomenon, and is one of the most influential contemporary concepts/logos... more
The concept of "sustainable development " (susdev) is high1.y
relevant to those of us who specialize or1 marine turtles. The term has
become a major social phenomenon, and is one of the most influential
contemporary concepts/logos dominating national and international policy
with respect to the human condition; business actions and initiatives;
national and international policies and actions; and the planning and
funding of science and biological conservation, including marine turtles
and their habitats. Sustainable development has become a growth
industry, and the term "sustainable" ("S.") is used as a fashionable
modifier for countless concepts and phenomena. A selection includes: S.
use (S . utilization) (S . extraction) ; S . agriculture; S . forestry; :;.
fisheries and aquiculture; S. ecosystem; S. ecology (Ecological
Sustainability) ; S. landscape; S. tourism; S. enterprise; S. economy; S..
industry; S. life; S. improvement in quality of life; S. society; S.
future; S. planet; U.S. Sustainability.
relevant to those of us who specialize or1 marine turtles. The term has
become a major social phenomenon, and is one of the most influential
contemporary concepts/logos dominating national and international policy
with respect to the human condition; business actions and initiatives;
national and international policies and actions; and the planning and
funding of science and biological conservation, including marine turtles
and their habitats. Sustainable development has become a growth
industry, and the term "sustainable" ("S.") is used as a fashionable
modifier for countless concepts and phenomena. A selection includes: S.
use (S . utilization) (S . extraction) ; S . agriculture; S . forestry; :;.
fisheries and aquiculture; S. ecosystem; S. ecology (Ecological
Sustainability) ; S. landscape; S. tourism; S. enterprise; S. economy; S..
industry; S. life; S. improvement in quality of life; S. society; S.
future; S. planet; U.S. Sustainability.
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There are few records of cetaceans from East Africa, and none from Kenya. Best (1971) gave records for the African region, listing only the beaked whale, Mesop/odon pacij'il'US Longman, from Somalia and the false killer-whale,... more
There are few records of cetaceans from East Africa, and none from Kenya. Best
(1971) gave records for the African region, listing only the beaked whale,
Mesop/odon pacij'il'US Longman, from Somalia and the false killer-whale,
Pseudorca crassidens (Owen), from Zanzibar. Howell & Pearson (1977) reported
two new records of delphinids from Tanzania, and eastern Africa: the speckled
dolphin, Sousa plumbea (G. Cuvier), and the long-beaked dolphin, Stene/la
longirostris (Gray). This note documents three new records of cetaceans from
Kenya.
(1971) gave records for the African region, listing only the beaked whale,
Mesop/odon pacij'il'US Longman, from Somalia and the false killer-whale,
Pseudorca crassidens (Owen), from Zanzibar. Howell & Pearson (1977) reported
two new records of delphinids from Tanzania, and eastern Africa: the speckled
dolphin, Sousa plumbea (G. Cuvier), and the long-beaked dolphin, Stene/la
longirostris (Gray). This note documents three new records of cetaceans from
Kenya.
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... the halls of power; if practitioners of the scientific endeavor want their information to impact society outside the ivory towers of academia, it is essential that we learn how to “package” the information in digestible,... more
... the halls of power; if practitioners of the scientific endeavor want their information to impact society outside the ivory towers of academia, it is essential that we learn how to “package” the information in digestible, understandable, interesting, and convincing ways (Frazier, 2005e). ...
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... and this special issue of the MTN dedicated completely to Africa is a much-needed advance, thanks to the forethought and efforts of MTN editors Matthew Godfrey and Lisa Campbell, and the invited guest editors Manjula Tiwari,... more
... and this special issue of the MTN dedicated completely to Africa is a much-needed advance, thanks to the forethought and efforts of MTN editors Matthew Godfrey and Lisa Campbell, and the invited guest editors Manjula Tiwari, Angela Formia, Sue ... NZUKI, S. (ed.) 2006. ...
Research Interests: Africa and Marine Turtles
... and the Gulf (Kohl 1979), and there are diverse representations of marine turtles in the latter (see reviews in Frazier 2003a, 2004). ... by Çrivijaya included not only turtles, camphor, valuable kinds of wood, spices such as cloves... more
... and the Gulf (Kohl 1979), and there are diverse representations of marine turtles in the latter (see reviews in Frazier 2003a, 2004). ... by Çrivijaya included not only turtles, camphor, valuable kinds of wood, spices such as cloves and cardamom, pearls, perfumes, ivory and coral ...
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Billfishes have long been known to impale a great variety of objects, but there are only two brief, obscure records of marine turtles being speared. Details are presented on these two, as well as on two other confirmed records; data from... more
Billfishes have long been known to impale a great variety of objects, but there are only two brief, obscure records of marine turtles being speared. Details are presented on these two, as well as on two other confirmed records; data from two additional unconfirmed records are also presented. In total, three species of marine turtles are known to have been
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... John G. Frazier', Harry L. Fierstine2, Sallie C. Beavers 334 Federico Achaval', Hiroyuki Suganuma6, Robert L. , Pitman3, Yuichiro Yamaguchi' & Carlos... more
... John G. Frazier', Harry L. Fierstine2, Sallie C. Beavers 334 Federico Achaval', Hiroyuki Suganuma6, Robert L. , Pitman3, Yuichiro Yamaguchi' & Carlos Ma. Prigion? I Centro de Investigacibn y de Estudios Avanzados de1 IPN-Unidad Merida Apartado 73 'Cordemex', Mtrida ...
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The Aldabran giant tortoise is one of the few testudines that feeds in dense herds, and in so doing the animals frequently exhibit a conspicuous orientation away from the sun. This orientation is most marked when ambient temperature is... more
The Aldabran giant tortoise is one of the few testudines that feeds in dense herds, and in so doing the animals frequently exhibit a conspicuous orientation away from the sun. This orientation is most marked when ambient temperature is high, and it breaks down when the tortoises are shielded from direct sunlight. It was previously hypothesized that negative heliotaxis is related to thermoregulation-to reduce heat inflow to the exposed anterior appendages and instead expose the protected posterior of the shell. There has been no test of the thermoregulatory function, and pilot experiments indicate that orientation away form the sun occurs to reduce direct glare into the tortoise's eyes. The glare of the sun seems to interfere with accurately oriented biting movements and reduce feeding efficiency. Speed and intensity of reaction to solar glare is inversely related to the animal's body size. The possibility of a thermoregulatory component to the away-from-the-sun orientation c...
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Successful management of marine turtles in Seychelles will depend on the solution of a variety of general problems as follows:1 Availability of information—basic biological data, particularly on the status and distribution of the two... more
Successful management of marine turtles in Seychelles will depend on the solution of a variety of general problems as follows:1 Availability of information—basic biological data, particularly on the status and distribution of the two common species, must be gathered, so that up-to-date information is available for decision-makers and Government. It is essential that the information gathering programme be recurrent, in order to monitor changes in the populations and their habitats. The Republic of Seychelles has neither the finances nor the expertise to execute such programmes, so that international support is essential.
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SUPPLEMENTAL INFORMATION Small, irregular isolated bones identified as remains of leatherback turtles (Dermochelys coriacea) were recovered from Mid to Late Holocene sites at Ra’s al-Hamra and Ra’s al-Hadd, coastal Oman. These provide... more
SUPPLEMENTAL INFORMATION
Small, irregular isolated bones identified as remains of leatherback turtles (Dermochelys coriacea) were recovered from Mid to Late Holocene sites at Ra’s al-Hamra and Ra’s al-Hadd, coastal Oman. These provide the third instance of this animal being documented from any prehistoric site anywhere, and the records provide one of the oldest, if not the oldest, dates for this distinctive chelonian—even though they do not refer to fossils. Decades of research in this region has yielded vast amounts of archeological information, including abundant evidence of intense exploitation and utilization of marine turtles from about 6,500 to 4,000 BP. During part of this period, turtle remains in human burials have
been extraordinary; the turtle involved, Chelonia mydas, has been abundant in the region during modern times. Yet despite intense and varied forms of prehistoric marine resource exploitation, and major, long-term archeological work, no other turtle species has been previously authenticated from these, or other coastal sites. The documentation of remains of the largest and most distinctive of living marine turtles, D. coriacea, at Ra’s al-Hamra and Ra’s al-Hadd, presented herein, provide
detailed information that serves as the basis for future interpretations and discussions regarding incomplete, disarticulated remains from the Mid to Late Holocene, particularly in reference to taphonomic questions and diverse environmental conditions.
peerj-25823-Frazier_et_al._-_SUPPLEMENTAL_INFORMATION_-_R2_-_clean.docx
Small, irregular isolated bones identified as remains of leatherback turtles (Dermochelys coriacea) were recovered from Mid to Late Holocene sites at Ra’s al-Hamra and Ra’s al-Hadd, coastal Oman. These provide the third instance of this animal being documented from any prehistoric site anywhere, and the records provide one of the oldest, if not the oldest, dates for this distinctive chelonian—even though they do not refer to fossils. Decades of research in this region has yielded vast amounts of archeological information, including abundant evidence of intense exploitation and utilization of marine turtles from about 6,500 to 4,000 BP. During part of this period, turtle remains in human burials have
been extraordinary; the turtle involved, Chelonia mydas, has been abundant in the region during modern times. Yet despite intense and varied forms of prehistoric marine resource exploitation, and major, long-term archeological work, no other turtle species has been previously authenticated from these, or other coastal sites. The documentation of remains of the largest and most distinctive of living marine turtles, D. coriacea, at Ra’s al-Hamra and Ra’s al-Hadd, presented herein, provide
detailed information that serves as the basis for future interpretations and discussions regarding incomplete, disarticulated remains from the Mid to Late Holocene, particularly in reference to taphonomic questions and diverse environmental conditions.
peerj-25823-Frazier_et_al._-_SUPPLEMENTAL_INFORMATION_-_R2_-_clean.docx
Research Interests: Zooarchaeology, Archaeozoology, Neolithic & Chalcolithic Archaeology, Archaeology of Oman, Archaeology of Oman peninsula, and 8 moreEarly Bronze Age (Archaeology), Sea Turtles, Marine Turtles, Arabian/Persian Gulf Studies, Vertebrate taphonomy, Ancient Fishing, Arabian/Persian Gulf Archaeology, and Leatherback Turtles
Small, irregular isolated bones identified as remains of leatherback turtles (Dermochelys coriacea) were recovered from Mid to Late Holocene sites at Ra's al-Hamra and Ra's al-Hadd, coastal Oman. These provide the third instance of this... more
Small, irregular isolated bones identified as remains of leatherback turtles (Dermochelys coriacea) were recovered from Mid to Late Holocene sites at Ra's al-Hamra and Ra's al-Hadd, coastal Oman. These provide the third instance of this animal being documented from any prehistoric site anywhere, and the records provide one of the oldest, if not the oldest, dates for this distinctive chelonian-even though they do not refer to fossils. Decades of research in this region has yielded vast amounts of archeological information, including abundant evidence of intense exploitation and utilization of marine turtles from about 6,500 to 4,000 BP. During part of this period, turtle remains in human burials have been extraordinary; the turtle involved, Chelonia mydas, has been abundant in the region during modern times. Yet despite intense and varied forms of prehistoric marine resource exploitation, and major, long-term archeological work, no other turtle species has been previously authenticated from these, or other coastal sites. The documentation of remains of the largest and most distinctive of living marine turtles, D. coriacea, at Ra's al-Hamra and Ra's al-Hadd, presented herein, provide detailed information that serves as the basis for future interpretations and discussions regarding incomplete, disarticulated remains from the Mid to Late Holocene, particularly in reference to taphonomic questions and diverse environmental conditions.
Research Interests: Zooarchaeology, Archaeozoology, Neolithic Archaeology, Neolithic & Chalcolithic Archaeology, Coastal and Island Archaeology, and 10 moreArchaeology of Oman, Archaeology of Oman peninsula, Early Bronze Age (Archaeology), Sea Turtles, Marine Turtles, Arabian/Persian Gulf Studies, Vertebrate taphonomy, Ancient Fishing, Arabian/Persian Gulf Archaeology, and Leatherback Turtles
2003 - Questions about why conservation & research are done, and how to evaluate
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Herpetological Review 22 (2): 42
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All five pantropical species of marine turtles have been recorded in the Maldives. Two, Chelonia mydas (L.) and Eretmochelys imbricata (L.) breed regularly and occur throughout the Archipelago. The other three species, Lepidochelys... more
All five pantropical species of marine turtles have been recorded in the Maldives. Two, Chelonia mydas (L.) and Eretmochelys imbricata (L.) breed regularly and occur throughout the Archipelago. The other three species, Lepidochelys olivacea (Eschscholtz), Dermochelys coriacea (L.) and Caretta caretta (L.) in order of frequency, are common to rare. The populations are dispersed and small - evidently much depleted from half a century ago. Changing traditions are increased exploitation on both turtles and their habitats, coupled with bourgeoning human populations and habitat perturbations, pose difficult questions for the future of these resources.
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Comment on Spracklandus Hoser, 2009 (Reptilia, Serpentes, ELAPIDAE): request for confirmation of the availability of the generic name and for the nomenclatural validation of the journal in which it was published
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The Gulf of Papagayo off the northwestern coast of Costa Rica is one of a series of upwelling localities along the coast of Central America. We surveyed its marine avifauna during the non-upwelling season in 1988, using transects at sea... more
The Gulf of Papagayo off the northwestern coast of Costa Rica is one of a series of upwelling localities along the coast of Central America.
We surveyed its marine avifauna during the non-upwelling season in 1988, using transects at sea and inspection of islands for nesting birds.
The most common species at sea was Black Tern Chlidonias nigra, although these were only seen on one transect. We found a density of
3.76 (SD 6.8) birds/km2 or 2.1 birds/km2, if the Black Terns are removed. Despite differences in transect methods and timing, these values
are generally comparable to estimates from the Bay of Panama upwelling but much lower than from upwellings off Peru and California. Sea
surface temperature did not appear to affect bird numbers. Breeding numbers on the islands were small, either because of human disturbance
or because it was the non-upwelling period. These small upwellings may be important to North American seabirds as migratory stopovers
or wintering grounds.
We surveyed its marine avifauna during the non-upwelling season in 1988, using transects at sea and inspection of islands for nesting birds.
The most common species at sea was Black Tern Chlidonias nigra, although these were only seen on one transect. We found a density of
3.76 (SD 6.8) birds/km2 or 2.1 birds/km2, if the Black Terns are removed. Despite differences in transect methods and timing, these values
are generally comparable to estimates from the Bay of Panama upwelling but much lower than from upwellings off Peru and California. Sea
surface temperature did not appear to affect bird numbers. Breeding numbers on the islands were small, either because of human disturbance
or because it was the non-upwelling period. These small upwellings may be important to North American seabirds as migratory stopovers
or wintering grounds.
Research Interests:
Small, irregular isolated bones identified as remains of leatherback turtles (Dermochelys coriacea) were recovered from Mid to Late Holocene sites at Ra’s al-Hamra and Ra’s al-Hadd, coastal Oman. These provide the third instance of this... more
Small, irregular isolated bones identified as remains of leatherback turtles (Dermochelys coriacea) were recovered from Mid to Late Holocene sites at Ra’s al-Hamra and Ra’s al-Hadd, coastal Oman. These provide the third instance of this animal being documented from any prehistoric site anywhere, and the records provide one of the oldest, if not the oldest, dates for this distinctive chelonian—even though they do not refer to fossils. Decades of research in this region has yielded vast amounts of archaeological information, including abundant evidence of intense exploitation and utilization of marine turtles from about 6,500 to 4,000 BP. During part of this period, turtle remains in human burials have been extraordinary; the turtle involved, Chelonia mydas, has been abundant in the region during modern times. Yet despite intense and varied forms of prehistoric marine resource exploitation, and major, long-term archaeological work, no other turtle species has been previously authenticated from these, or other coastal sites.
The documentation of remains of the largest and most distinctive of living marine turtles, D. coriacea, at Ra’s al-Hamra and Ra’s al-Hadd, presented herein, provide detailed information that serves as the basis for future interpretations and discussions regarding incomplete, disarticulated remains from the Mid to Late Holocene, particularly in reference to taphonomic questions and diverse environmental conditions.
The documentation of remains of the largest and most distinctive of living marine turtles, D. coriacea, at Ra’s al-Hamra and Ra’s al-Hadd, presented herein, provide detailed information that serves as the basis for future interpretations and discussions regarding incomplete, disarticulated remains from the Mid to Late Holocene, particularly in reference to taphonomic questions and diverse environmental conditions.
Research Interests: Material Culture Studies, The Persian Gulf, Neolithic Archaeology, Arabian Gulf, Archaeology of Oman, and 15 moreArchaeology of Oman peninsula, Early Bronze Age (Archaeology), Neolithic, Sea Turtles, Marine Turtles, United Arab Emirates, Journal of Oman Studies, Archaeology of shell middens, Fishing, Arabian/Persian Gulf Studies, Arabian/Persian Gulf Archaeology, Turtles, Sultanate of Oman, Green Turtle, and Green Sea Turtles
Marine Turtle studies during the past decade have greatly increased in both number and scope, and it has become difficult to keep abreast of developments, especially in remote areas . As Marine Turtles are endangered in many areas, there... more
Marine Turtle studies during the past decade have greatly increased in both number and scope, and it has become difficult to keep abreast of developments, especially in remote areas . As Marine Turtles are endangered in many areas, there is a great need to coordinate activities and to give especial and immediate attention to activities which are most
likely to conserve the animals.
This report outlines, area by area, the status of Marine Turtle species;· legislation, nesting reserves, and other conservation measures that exist; which worker has studied the area, and when; and what further work, legislation and developments are needed or warranted. The total region under consideration is· bounded in the west by the eastern coast· of
Africa or, in South Africa, East Longitude 30. The southern boundary is South Latitude 50. The eastern boundary is East Longitude 80, with the inclusion or Sri Lanka. The ·northern limit is bounded by the Indian and Arabian sub-continents, including the Persian and Arabian Gulfs and the Red Sea.
Obviously with a region this vast and remote it is difficult to avoid omissions in every area - one important function of t h i s report, hopefully, will be to stimulate better coordination.
likely to conserve the animals.
This report outlines, area by area, the status of Marine Turtle species;· legislation, nesting reserves, and other conservation measures that exist; which worker has studied the area, and when; and what further work, legislation and developments are needed or warranted. The total region under consideration is· bounded in the west by the eastern coast· of
Africa or, in South Africa, East Longitude 30. The southern boundary is South Latitude 50. The eastern boundary is East Longitude 80, with the inclusion or Sri Lanka. The ·northern limit is bounded by the Indian and Arabian sub-continents, including the Persian and Arabian Gulfs and the Red Sea.
Obviously with a region this vast and remote it is difficult to avoid omissions in every area - one important function of t h i s report, hopefully, will be to stimulate better coordination.