Hospital buildings are some of the most complex and fastest “ageing” building structures. The continuous development of technology and the need to adapt hospital buildings to modern needs leads to modernisation work. The aim of this research was to identify the problems associated with the modernisation of hospitals against the background of architectural, functional and operational issues arising from the changing utilisation and legal requirements for this type of facility. Among other things, it was examined what modernisation work had been carried out, what structures and technologies had been used in the hospitals surveyed (which has a significant impact on their susceptibility to changes related to adaptation to contemporary needs and functional requirements). A comparison was made between buildings selected from among all initially analysed hospital facilities in the Lubelskie Voivodeship. The types of modernisation works carried out in the last two decades and the most common problems were identified. The architecture and construction technologies of individual buildings were analysed. Based on the results of the research discussed, it is important to emphasise that when carrying out modernisation work in healthcare facilities, it is necessary to have a long-term plan taking into account the next stages of adaptation to growing needs and operational requirements. Not all buildings are susceptible to such changes, but in the current economic situation of the country and with today’s funding opportunities for public health facilities, as well as rising prices in the construction market, it is still more cost-effective to renovate and modernise existing facilities than to demolish them and build new ones.

The article is written as part of a study of the urban planning foundations of the health system spatial development, one of the components of which are hospitals. The article is aimed to study dynamics of architectural and urban planning hospital systems evolution. The study is performed by using systemic and integrated analysis. This article focuses on challenging the issue of historical evolution analysis and further transformation ways of hospital systems in the aspect of architectural and urban planning design. The basic assumptions have been determined and the historical periods of the formation of hospital organizations have been identified. Dynamic regularities are established, the specificity is described and trends of the typological transformation of hospital systems in various regional contexts of the world`s major countries are indicated. The study was carried out taking into account the conformity to the laws of history and features of the architectural and urban planning evolution of hospital systems, as well as the evolution peculiarities of hospitals as a complex urban planning subsystem within the multilevel system of the urban environment, were discussed. Hospitals gradually changed, transformed under the influence of various external and internal factors, public demands, needs and expectations from healthcare. Reforming the hospital system is an extremely actual, complex and difficult process for any country. Hospital design trends: the enlargement of medical buildings, the formation of complexes; emphasis on the intensity of treatment, the use of day hospitals; individualization of design decisions, rejection of stereotypical hospital forms; the formation of an aesthetic space with healing potential; ecological approach and harmony with the environment.

The article deals with important issues of the ecological approach to the health care facilities design within the general world's attention to the problem of sustainable development of the urban environment. Taking as the example the innovative foreign experience of implemented projects of medical institutions, as well as design, competitive and conceptual proposals revealed the latest idea of coexistence and harmonization of natural and man-made worlds within the medical environment that meets the challenges and needs of the XXI century. It is the concept of the hospital-park, that synthetically combines the architectural environment, natural environment, as well as man-made oasis and creates the basis for emergent results both in the medical field and in the need for a neat attitude to our planet. The article reveals the possibilities of designing a hospital-park of different stories and in different initial conditions: in a dense urban environment with a minimum size of the ...

The paper proposes a reflection and a point of view on the design of the contemporary hospital and the architectures for health according to “vertical” or “horizontal” typologies. The aim is to identify in various configurations, the relationships between the quality of the spaces and specific requirements in relation to the most recent developments in medicine both from the organizational and functional points of view and the social component. The method consists in defining a framework of demanding and performance comparison of different hypotheses, supported by indirect and direct analysis of the outcomes, through an analysis matrix related to case studies, considered as best practices among the architectures for health.

The hospitals that served in the name of 'darussifa' in Seljuk Empire period in Anatolia continued their service during Ottoman Empire period. The health institutions in different areas in Ottoman period were replaced by 'Gureba hospitals' in 19th century. The change in Anatolia was realised, after the declaration of the Republic and with the development of its economy, and lived in every area; hospital buildings were constructed first as 'Gureba hospitals' then as 'country hospitals' in Anatolia cities like Konya after the big cities like İstanbul, Ankara and İzmir. In this study, the change and development of the hospital architecture in Konya are discussed and the change from 'Gureba hospital' of early 20th century to the today's state-affiliated comprehensive research hospitals is illustrated. The change of hospitals is evaluated via bed capacity, building size and formal differentiations.

Architecture and health are closely dependent. Architecture more positively influences human health as appropriating to its needs. However, humanization of hospital spaces wasn’t always evident. Since the end of Second World War, in fact, the hospitals are good buildings if they meet only the technological and functional requirements. Dealing with humanization and its architectural quality means to focus the human needs and understand their interaction with the environment. In these terms, it is not easy to define the architectural quality, because it is based on principles, which in turn are not quantifiable. Although, there are several studies from different disciplines which allow choices in terms of “added value that can be achieved”. In this paper, we propose the results of a research about this issue. Focusing on the psychological need of man, treasuring contributions of these disciplines (particularly about environmental psychology, expressive arts, Ergonomics, Evidence-based...

Architecture and health are closely dependent. Architecture more positively influences human health as appropriating to its needs. However, humanization of hospital spaces wasn’t always evident. Since the end of Second World War, in fact, the hospitals are good buildings if they meet only the technological and functional requirements. Dealing with humanization and its architectural quality means to focus the human needs and understand their interaction with the environment. In these terms, it is not easy to define the architectural quality, because it is based on principles, which in turn are not quantifiable. Although, there are several studies from different disciplines which allow choices in terms of “added value that can be achieved”. In this paper, we propose the results of a research about this issue. Focusing on the psychological need of man, treasuring contributions of these disciplines (particularly about environmental psychology, expressive arts, Ergonomics, Evidence-based...

As one of requirements of human life is health and hygiene, so, some places should be forecasted for these affairs to being true. Hygiene and health will be divided to physical and mental branches which researchers states that if mental health is provided, physical health can be easily available and finally, human can easily take his course during treatment which obtain healthy life. It finally causes creating great works and massive movements in human life. One characteristics of a good medicinal center is easy and rapid access, so that patients can have access to these centers with minimum time. This access is defined from the place where the patient resides to the interior spaces of medical centers, and many factors affect the quality of this path. On factor is the human view of form, how to create a different form by designing an external shell and embedding the original structure under this shell so that it can be developed and expanded at the same time, and at the same time be inviting, so that clients and users move towards these centers and walk indoors comfortably and away from double stress. Doing studies and data collection and information evaluation is of the basics of designing and requires a full research design. The present study is to provide a comprehensive cognitive understanding of all those involved in architectural design for hospital building and patients. Besides, studying and collecting all available written and verbal references, principles and optimized guidelines of designing an efficient hospital were extracted in order to meet medicinal and psychological needs of patients.

The hospitals that served in the name of ‘darussifa’ in Seljuk Empire period in Anatolia continued their service during Ottoman Empire period. The health institutions in different areas in Ottoman period were replaced by ‘Gureba hospitals’ in 19th century. The change in Anatolia was realised, after the declaration of the Republic and with the development of its economy, and lived in every area; hospital buildings were constructed first as ‘Gureba hospitals’ then as ‘country hospitals’ in Anatolia cities like Konya after the big cities like İstanbul, Ankara and İzmir. In this study, the change and development of the hospital architecture in Konya are discussed and the change from ‘Gureba hospital’ of early 20th century to the today’s stateaffiliated comprehensive research hospitals is illustrated. The change of hospitals is evaluated via bed capacity, building size and formal differentiations. Keywords: Hospital architecture, change of hospitals, Konya, Anatolia.