Active Database

Distinct software metrics have been proposed for programs. By contrast, metrics for databases have been neglected on the grounds that databases were mere plain files that do not affect considerably information systems maintainability. However, later enhancements on database systems ...

In this paper we describe a technique for implementing compensating transactions, based on the active database concept of triggers. This technique enables specification and enforcement of compensation logic in a manner that facilitates consistent and semi-automatic compensation. A web service, with its loosely- coupled nature and autonomy requirements, represents an environment well suited for this compensation mechanism.

Invention of XML as a universal standard for data representation triggered enormously wide efforts for its adaptation into almost every IT activity. Databases took one of the focusing places of the XML research. This paper investigates the development path of XML from its origins to its current place in distributed database systems. Through enumeration of features and analysis of the problems related to XML and distributed database systems it forms a platform for understanding the consequences of adopting XML to this area of IT.

Background. Quantitative electroencephalography (QEEG) databases have been developed for the eyes closed (EC) condition. The development of a cognitive activation database is a logical and necessary development for the field. Method. Brain activation was examined by QEEG during several tasks including EC rest, visual attention (VA), auditory attention (AA), listening to paragraphs presented auditorily and reading silently. The QEEG measures obtained in the EC and simple, non-cognitive attention task that were significantly related to subsequent cognitive performance were not the same variables which accounted for success during the cognitive task. Results. There were clear differences between relative power, microvolt, coherence and phase values across these different tasks. Conclusions. The conclusions reached are (1) the associations among QEEG variables are complex and vary by task; (2) the QEEG variables which predict cognitive performance under task demands are not the same as the variables which predict to subsequent performance from the EC or simple, non-cognitive attention tasks; (3) a cognitive activation database is clinically useful; and (4) an hypothesis of brain functioning is proposed to explain the findings. The coordinated allocation of resources (CAR) hypothesis states that cognitive effectiveness is a product of multiple specific activities in the brain, which vary according to the task; and (5) the average response pattern does not involve the variables that are critical to success at the task, thus indicating an inefficiency of the normal human brain.

It is presented an approach based on data-driven active rules for the maintenance of derived data (calculated data) and integrity constraints (data restrictions) in screen forms and other user interfaces to databases. The approach aims to improve the capabilities of current application development tools, by combining the power of active rules, as proposed in the context of active databases, with the simplicity and datadriven nature of spreadsheets. The proposed data-driven active rules define derived data items as functions of other data items, by explicitly reading and writing their values, conditionally or unconditionally. They are defined essentially as unordered action-only rules with implicit triggering events, and are executed essentially as ordered (prioritized) event-action (EA) rules, possibly in combination with other event-action (EA) or eventcondition-action (ECA) rules originated from different sources. The specialized nature of the actions performed by these rules allo...

This paper describes real-time extensions to the Open Object-Oriented Database system using the RTSORAC data model. This model combines an objectoriented data model, real-time requirements, flexible transactions, semantic relationships among objects, and active database features. Several extensions to the Open Object-Oriented Database system, including development of interfaces for real-time objects and realtime transactions, use of a real-time operating system, incorporation of real-time object management, and incorporation of real-time transaction management, are also described.

Robust and informed decisions are important for the efficient and effective operation of installed production facilities. The paper discusses Information fusion (IF) including a generic model for IF, and situations for decision-making. The paper also discusses current ...

Program Slicing has been studied primarily in the context of procedural programming language. In such languages, slicing is typically performed by using a control flow graph or a dependency graph. As object oriented software becomes popular recently researchers have applied program slicing to object-oriented programs to handle various object oriented features such as class, object, inheritance, polymorphism, dynamic binding etc. A slicer has been proposed in this paper for handling C++ programs.

Abstract: Active databases are DBMS which are able to detect certain events in the environment and trigger actions in consequence. Event detection has been subject of much research, and a number of different event specification languages is extant. However, this is far from ...

Invention of XML as a universal standard for data representation triggered enormously wide efforts for its adaptation into almost every IT activity. Databases took one of the focusing places of the XML research. This paper investigates the development path of XML from its origins to its current place in distributed database systems. Through enumeration of features and analysis of the problems related to XML and distributed database systems it forms a platform for understanding the consequences of adopting XML to this area of IT.

Active Database Management Systems (ADBMSs) have been developed to sup- port applications with detecting changes in databases. This includes support for specifying active rules that monitor changes to data and rules that perform some control tasks for the applications. Active ...

It is presented an approach based on data-driven active rules for the maintenance of derived data (calculated data) and integrity constraints (data restrictions) in screen forms and other user interfaces to databases. The approach aims to improve the capabilities of current application development tools, by combining the power of active rules, as proposed in the context of active databases, with the simplicity and datadriven nature of spreadsheets. The proposed data-driven active rules define derived data items as functions of other data ...

Abstract: This paper presents a method to design a logic controller as an Event-Condition-Action (ECA) system, where the Modular Finite State Machine (MFSM) framework has been used to build the model for the controller. The resulting model, called an ECA MFSM, is in essence a MFSM model with a special structure that enables the processing of logic to follow the ECA paradigm. The ECA rule based method has a solid theoretical root and has been the paradigm followed to design active database systems. Copyright c©2005 IFAC

Current needs of industry required the development of advanced database models like active mobile database systems. An active mobile database system can be designed by incorporation of triggering rules into a mobile computing environment in which the users are able to ...

The paper deals with the analysis of Research and Technology Development (RTD) in the Central European countries and the relation of RTD with economic and social parameters of coun- tries in this region. A methodology has been developed for quantitative and qualitative ranking and estimates of relationship among multidimensional objects on the base of such analysis. The knowl- edge has

Distinct software metrics have been proposed for programs. By contrast, metrics for databases have been neglected on the grounds that databases were mere plain files that do not affect considerably information systems maintainability. However, later enhancements on database systems ...

It is presented an approach based on data-driven active rules for the maintenance of derived data (calculated data) and integrity constraints (data restrictions) in screen forms and other user interfaces to databases. The approach aims to improve the capabilities of current application development tools, by combining the power of active rules, as proposed in the context of active databases, with the simplicity and datadriven nature of spreadsheets. The proposed data-driven active rules define derived data items as functions of other data ...