Applied Social Science

Given the prominence of Muslim veils—in particular the hijab and full-face veil—in public discourse concerning the place of Muslims in Western society, we examined their impact on non-Muslims’ responses at both explicit and implicit levels. Results revealed that responses were more negative toward any veil compared with no veil, and more negative toward the full-face veil relative to the hijab: for emotions felt toward veiled women (Study 1), for non-affective attitudinal responses (Study 2), and for implicit negative attitudes revealed through response latency measures (Studies 3a and 3b). Finally, we manipulated the perceived reasons for wearing a veil, finding that exposure to positive reasons for wearing a veil led to better predicted and imagined contact (Study 4). Practical and theoretical implications are discussed.

De enero a diciembre del 2004, desde los proyectos del CEPROS se fomentó, proactivamente, a través de capacitación EN EL TRABAJO, el desarrollo de competencias para la recolección, procesamiento, análisis y exposición de información en ciencias sociales.  Al finalizar el año, se procedió a certificar estas competencias.  El documento muestra diferentes modelos de informar sobre ello, por escrito.

This study examined the effects of 2 HIV prevention interventions on condom use and mediators of condom use. College students were randomly assigned to a control condition or an intervention (communication skills or technical skills). Those who received either intervention had greater condom use self-efficacy, more positive condom use attitudes, and stronger intentions to use condoms than did controls. Furthermore, 3-month follow-up data revealed that students in either intervention who were not in a steady dating relationship reported more consistent condom use than did those in the control condition, whereas students who were in either intervention and in a relationship reported somewhat less consistent condom use than did those in the control condition. Analyses suggested that effects of the interventions on condom use were mediated by increased intentions to use condoms.

Past research has demonstrated that physicians' communication styles influence patient satisfaction, loyalty, recall of medical advice, and adherence to this advice. However, the research has failed to identify coherent interactional styles that produce favorable outcomes along all dimensions. The present study used a videotape analogue method to compare the efficacy of two communication styles that vary in terms of the power relations between the parties. Community members adopted the role of the patient and rated a male or female “doctor” using either an authoritative or a consultative communication style. Results indicate that the consultative style yielded superior satisfaction ratings, but not greater recall or adherence. The effects for style were moderated by significant interactions with physician gender and patient age.

... This study assessed the applicability of Tyler and Lind's (1992) relational model of authority to the context of local government policies on solid waste management. ... Morelnv Figure 1. Structural equation model form of Tyler & Lind's (1992) relational model of authority. ...

This study focuses on gender segregation and its implications for the salaries assigned to male- and female-typed jobs. We used a between-subjects design to examine whether participants would assign different pay to 3 types of jobs wherein the actual responsibilities and duties carried out by men and women were the same, but the job was situated in either a traditionally masculine or traditionally feminine domain. We found pay differentials between jobs defined as “male” and “female,” which suggest that gender-based discrimination, arising from occupational stereotyping and the devaluation of the work typically done by women, influences salary allocation. The ways in which the results fit with contemporary theorizing about sexism and with the shifting standards model (Biernat, 1995, 2003) are discussed.

Increasing attention is being paid to children's rights issues in policy and law. However, there is little recent research examining adults’ attitudes toward children's rights. This is an important question given that children's rights are unlikely to be fulfilled if they are not supported by the adults involved in their lives. Attitudes toward nurturance and self-determination rights were examined in 461 undergraduate students from the United States and Canada. Students were asked to think of a “target child” (8, 10, 12, 14, or 16 years) when answering the questions. Students strongly endorsed nurturance rights, but were generally unsupportive of children's rights to self-determination. Canadians showed greater support for self-determination than did Americans. In both groups, endorsement increased significantly with the age of the target child. Commenting on factors they considered when responding to the items, participants perceived children's rights as dependent on personal, interpersonal, and societal factors.

Basing hypotheses on social information processing theory, we tested for evidence of coworkers’ social influence on employees’ organizational cynicism, badmouthing,
and supervisor assessments of employees’ organizational citizenship behavior
(OCB). A significant positive relationship was found between (a) close coworkers’
badmouthing behavior and focal employee organizational cynicism; and (b) focal
employee organizational cynicism and focal employee badmouthing behavior. A
hypothesized negative relationship between organizational cynicism and OCB was
not supported. Future research directions are also considered.

... WENDY M. RODGERS~ LAWRENCE R. BRAWLEY Faculty of Physical Education and Recreation University of Alberta, Canada Department of ... has developed over the last decade (eg, Bandura, 1991; Brawley & Rodgers, 1993; Maddux, Brawley, & Boykin, 1995; McAuley, 1994 ...

Questo rapporto ha lo scopo di fornire per la prima volta un set di dati relativi alla quantità e qualità della presenza nei cosiddetti “campi Rom” a Roma, comprendendo con ciò i residenti nei campi autorizzati e tollerati, quelli negli insediamenti informali, nelle aree golenali e nelle occupazioni abusive. Presenta la tipologia, la qualità e il numero delle misure disegnate e implementate, e la base teorico metodologica su cui si fondano, con un focus specifico per ciascuna delle aree di intervento sociale. Il rapporto fornisce, per la prima volta, una base dati uniforme su un segmento di popolazione residente su cui, nonostante la sua esiguità numerica e il suo essere stata oggetto di numerosi interventi nel corso di questi decenni, non si possedevano dati sociali e sociodemografici precisi, salvo quelli dei rilevamenti annuali della SPE della Polizia Locale di Roma Capitale.
Il rapporto statistico illustra nel dettaglio il lavoro di sistematizzazione dati e di ricerca svolto in questi cinque anni di consiliatura e presenta gli interventi effettuati all’interno del Piano per il superamento dei campi e l’inclusione della Popolazione Rom, Sinti e Caminanti, analizzandoli diacronicamente (dove era possibile farlo per la presenza di una baseline acquisita in precedenza) e sistematizzandoli dal punto di vista della messa in qualità dei dati.
Questi dati, e questo follow up di cinque anni, potranno venire utilizzati per analizzare e individuare, sulla base dei dati empirici, dell’analisi qualitativa della popolazione bersaglio e dei suoi bisogni, le azioni intraprese per poter costruire in futuro politiche sempre più efficaci in termini di impatto e di costi-benefici.
In conclusione questo report è un bilancio, ma anche uno strumento operativo e di riflessione per le Amministrazioni locali, regionali e nazionali.  Sono infatti le istituzioni che hanno la responsabilità di disegnare gli interventi per l’inclusione, implementarli finanziariamente e amministrativamente, e provvedere ad un adeguato follow-up per tenere conto dell’impatto delle politiche implementate, misurando adeguatamente successi e insuccessi.

By comparing exercise and health domains, the current experiment extends recent findings that within-participant analyses of attitudes and subjective norms predict behavioral intentions well (Finlay, Trafimow, & Moroi, 1999). Within-participant analyses show that health behaviors are particularly likely to be influenced by subjective norms, and those that are relatively normatively influenced are intended to be performed more than those that are not. However, neither was true of exercise behaviors. Additionally, other potential predictors for exercise (e.g., indirect attitudinal measures and goal-oriented attitudes and intentions) correlated more strongly with exercise behavioral intentions than did general health attitudes and intentions.

Contiene informe de actividades realizadas durante el año sabático, que autorizado por UQROO para el periodo 1 de febrero del 2006 al 30 de enero del 2007. Turnado a la Comisión Académica Permanente de nuestra Universidad, para su análisis, evaluación y resolución.

Los documentos están accesible a texto completo.

Page 1. Perceptions of Children's Credibility in Sexual Assault Cases1 BETTE L. BOTTOMS~ GAIL S. GOODMAN University of Illinois at Chicago Universify of California at Davis Children's testimony often plays a central role in prosecutions of child sexual abuse. ...

Durante los cincuenta años que median entre 1968 y 2018, Xavier Gamboa Villafranca es, ante todo, investigador de las relaciones sociales. En particular, desde el ángulo de visión de la sociología política es que escudriña lo macro y micro de la dirección, magnitud y sentido del desarrollo integral de México.  El producto de su perenne estudiarlo se ubica en uno, dos o los tres niveles de conocimiento científico que son convencionalmente aceptados. Siempre generando información que tiene un componente de aplicación práctica a planes, programas y proyectos; tanto estratégicos como tácticos. Los difunde, tan luego como le es posible; en algunos casos, icluso, mientras están ocurriendo los eventos que coloca en el portaobjetos de su microscopío, para observar lo micro social; y telescopio, para visualizar lo macro. 
La obra PUNTUAL publicada por él se orienta, no solo a comprender, sino básicamente a incidir sobre aspectos específico-coyunturales de la lucha por el cambio estructural que diversas fuerzas sociales dán, en la parte de los Siglos XX y XXI mexicano que le toca vivir.  Es, no solo vasta; también diversa.  Abarca tres gruesos volúmenes que, para hacer comprensible el todo y las partes, ha sido menester organizar internamente.  Visto lo realizado en retrospectiva, una selección de los más de setecientos materiales producidos por él, se han agrupado, aquí, en 19 categorías de la lid. 
El presente volúmen I incluye los  escritos catalagables en 7 de estos tipos de aporte.  El tomo II, en su totalidad, aglutina a los que caen en sólo una de estas categorías. A su vez,  el ejemplar III aglutina a los que corresponden a 11 títulos, de esta suerte de catálogo. El      Volumen I que enseguida se presenta, tiene 8 apartados. Los primeros siete son, uno por cada tipo de lucha.  El último apartado, presenta los escritos que provienen directamente del epistolario público-personal del auto, con notas, escritos y correspondencia cursada en 2013, 2014 y 2015; siempre en relación a los siete tipos de lucha mencionads antes.

Romani LGBTIQ people experience specific non-normative (queer) intersectionalities within mainstream, Romani and LGBTIQ communities. Yet, their lived experiences are understudied, leading to invisibility and inadequate awareness of needs.

Guided by the research question ‘What are the experiences of Romani LGBTIQ people in and beyond Europe?’, this qualitative research is concerned with investigating and highlighting the experiences of Romani LGBTIQ people; and unpacking, uncovering and exploring the strategies deployed by Romani LGBTIQ people when negotiating multiple ethnic, sexual and gender identities and identifications, oppression, (in)visibility, exclusion, as well as inclusion, recognition, and belonging (or lack thereof) with, in and/or to mainstream societies, as well as Romani and LGBTIQ communities. The fieldwork for this research was undertaken between summer 2015 and autumn 2016. Data was collected in 14 interviews, 2 focus groups and at 2 conferences where participant observation was undertaken. Thematic analysis sensitive to queer theoretical concepts, and to queer assemblages in particular, was used to identify key themes. 

This thesis proposes to employ queer intersectionalities to help us understand identities and identifications as rhizomic, fluid assemblages that are not anchored in the notion of fixed ‘groupness’; and to identify and interrogate the workings of interlocking axes of inequality whilst not assuming the supremacy of one axis over the other.

The research found that Romani LGBTIQ people experience intersectional stigmatisation as both Roma and LGBTIQ due the interlocking negative social valuation of Romani ethnicity, non-heteronormative sexuality and/or non-cis-normative gender identity. Antigypsyism is a key aspect of the lived experiences of many Romani LGBTIQ people that often eclipses other forms of oppression; but not the only one. These specific queer intersectionalities are inextricably linked to various degrees of ethnicised/racialised, sexed, gendered and queer intersectional (in)visibilities, including hyper-visibility. Romani LGBTIQ people (re)negotiate the boundaries of various degrees of (in)visibilities delineating difference and sameness in the notional spaces of ‘the closet’ and/or passing that are constituted and reconstituted through social contexts and relationships, including through families and/or communities where both inclusion and exclusion are present. The dimension of gender, particularly with respect to femininity associated with some ‘passive’ gay men (receivers) and (trans)womanhood, is key to the specific queer intersectionalities experienced especially by Romani lesbian women, some gay men, and trans and intersex people.

Some Romani LGBTIQ people seek to create commonality, and indeed, strategic sameness: a relational use of identities and identifications whereby connections are created across marked essentialist difference for strategic purposes; a positionality resisting norms and binaries that does not read through assimilation, conformity and/or normalisation and enables the queer bearer to deploy sameness in order to do away with social norms, orthodoxies and dualisms. Queer non belonging by identification and disidentification is a transgressive, subversive non/counter-normative positionality assumed by some Romani LGBTIQ people assume that enables re-conceptualisations of identities and identifications by identifying with aspects of ethnic/racial, sexual/gender and other identities that are empowering while disidentifying with those aspects that are hostile, restrictive and/or oppressive. Espousing a marked (stigmatised) category of identification can be understood as a strategically subversive act undermining key hegemonic systems of oppression: white-normativity, heteronormativity, cis-normativity and patriarchy.
The research addresses a significant gap in knowledge by shedding light on an area of inquiry which remains understudied. The lived experiences investigated are regionally diverse, allowing the research to highlight commonly shared experiences of queer intersectionalities. The investigation contributes to queer(y)(ing) Romani Studies by challenging dominant essentialist, homogenising conceptualisations of Romani identities; and to ongoing discussions about the under-development of sexuality within intersectionality, and the under-development of intersectionality within queer theorising. This investigation may benefit service providers, civil society organisations, community initiatives and institutions in the area of application and policy recommendations and may potentially feed into larger national and transnational policy frameworks.

Responsible tourism is emerging out as a tourism strategy that focuses on the maximization of tourism benefits. It not only emphasizes on the environmental protection but also remembers the tourism stakeholders their socio - economic and environmental responsibilities to a certain place and to its people. In this background, the current paper has tried to access two Community Based Tourism (CBT) initiatives namely (1) Sundarban Jungle Camp, and (2) Tora Eco resort and Life Experience Centre in the Bali village of Indian Sunderbans –those have been emerged as two successful Responsible Tourism Models and have immense contribution towards the sustainable rural development of Bali village, Indian Sunderbans and are also inspiring others to follow their footprints. The researchers have adopted the qualitative approach for collecting the empirics of the paper. Both primary and secondary data have been collected to provide evidences to support the concluding remark that these two Communit...

Have you ever volunteered in community programs?  Programs that can give services to the people within the society such as; Lingap Barangay, Medical missions, Job Fairs and etc. And have you ever seen or know someone who do works for the society? Those deeds falls into the category of Applied Social Sciences; the Social Work. These questions was raised to deepen our knowledge this topic;  How does social work defined by different institutions and practitioners in the global setting? Whether social work is for everyone  or special population? And lastly, how does social work helps our society?