Crowd Funding

Nowadays the widespread users of crowd funding platform and the amount of money raised by this platform continue to increase. However, Malaysia's crowd funding market is still relatively small compared to some other countries such as China, Japan, the United States, and the United Kingdom. This research investigates the factors influencing equity crowd funding investment in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. Applying convenience sampling, 103 respondents have participated in the survey. After analyzing the data by means of reality test, correlation test, and logistic regression test, the results show return on equity crowd funding is a significant factor attracting the investors, while other factors such as easier process, ownership, and social impact are found to be not significant. The results of this research indicate that Malaysia can improve its crowd funding market by attracting the investors through offering high return on the projects.

Despite the clear need to reduce greenhouse gas emissions, lack of access to capital and appropriate financing mechanisms has limited the deployment of renewable energy technologies (RETs). Feed-in Tariff (FIT) programs have been used successfully in many countries to make RETs more economically feasible. Unfortunately, the large capital costs of RETs can result in both the slow uptake of FIT programs and incomplete capture of deployment potential. Subsidies are concentrated in financial institutions rather than the greater population as traditional bank loans are required to fund RET projects. This paper critically analyzes and considers the political, financial and logistical risks of an innovative peer-to-peer financing mechanism. This mechanism has the goal of increasing RET deployment capacity under a FIT program in an effort to equitably distribute both the environmental and economic advantages throughout the entire population. Using the Ontario FIT program as a case study, this article illustrates how the guaranteed income stream from a solar photovoltaic system can be modeled as an investment and how peer-to-peer lending mechanisms can then be used to provide capital for the initial costs. The requirements for and limitations of these types of funding mechanisms for RETs are quantified and discussed and future work to deploy this methodology is described.

The monograph reveals challenging issues of small and medium enterprises development in the
European Union and East-Partnership countries. Special attention is paid to a new paradigm of financing
investments and fostering innovations at all levels of legal entities including SMEs, enhancing
innovative entrepreneurship in conditions of global social and technological challenges as well as determining
priority sectors for small and medium enterprises as drivers of economic growth.
The authors of the monograph emphasize on such European approaches to financing SMEs as
crowd-funding and SME-bonds, analyze experience of applying fiscal instruments to support investment
and innovations. The researchers underline the role of social investment as an innovative strategy for European
SMEs that could be applied in Ukraine and East-partnership countries, suggest new conceptual
approach to the evaluation of innovative business development. They also analyse trends of Ukrainian IT
enterprises development in the context of modern information services in a global market.
Additional attention is paid to the analysis of SMEs’ entrepreneurial potential in conditions of
global social and technological changes, estimation effects of applying electronic governance technologies
to provide administrative services by public authorities of various levels of governance. Finally,
the researchers disclose economic mentality of legal entities as an informal side of financial assets and
substantiate the necessity of creation entrepreneurial universities as drivers of innovative development
of economy.
The materials of the monograph will be useful to scholars, financial managers of companies,
financial analysts, representatives of state bodies who implement the state policy in the field of SMEs
development in the East-partnership countries, as well as students of economic universities.

Social entrepreneurship is the process of providing innovative solutions to social problems.  DRISTI (Directing Rural India towards Social & Technological Integration) is a movement created by a group of students of BIT Mesra to fight against the social issues concerning the adjoining villages of Masu and Panchauli. Over a period of one & half years the concept has been extended to two other engineering & management campuses in Jharkhand & UP. The case analysis involves the study of major challenges faced by the group and how they have countered those.
Some of challenges faced by the group were –
• To make it sink into the mind of people that the group was seeking some long term changes and that it wasn’t a part of some semester project.
• The topography of the area full of jungles and infested by Naxalism.
• Initial funding for the running expenses.
• Identifying problems to tackle out of hundreds concerning the area.
This study also covers sustainability aspect as far as operations, funding, management & expansion of the group is concerned.

In this paper, we show that too strong investor protection may harm small firms and, thus, entrepreneurial initiatives. This situation is particularly relevant in crowdinvesting, which refers to a recent financial innovation originating on the Internet. In general, securities regulation offers exemptions to prospectus and registration requirements. From an analysis of selected countries, we offer first evidence that portals shape the securities contracts they provide to startups based on these exemptions. This, in turn, can limit the amount of capital raised by the firms as well as the type of investors participating in the campaigns. Finally, we offer a ‘law and finance’ analysis of recent reforms of securities regulation in different countries that have been initiated as a means to encourage crowdinvesting.

This book chapter reviews crowdinvesting, which is sometimes referred to as equity crowdfunding. It specifically aims at answering the following question: Is crowdinvesting transforming the crowd into small business angels? In order to answer this question, we review the securities regulation in different jurisdictions and compare crowdinvesting practices in these countries with angel finance. Finally, we offer insights into different avenues for future research. One pertains to the question whether crowdinvesting will complement or substitute angel finance. While this issue cannot be answered unambiguously, we expect that in many cases, crowdinvesting may become a complementary source of funding to angel finance rather than a substitute. This is because crowdinvestors fill funding gaps at the lower end of the market or may at times co-invest with professional investors. In other cases, crowdinvestors may compete with business angels for the same investments since average funding volumes can be similar.

Bottom-tier films, those productions that are made with the domestic audience foremost in mind, can face significant economic challenges when confronted with a small domestic media market. Drawing on a review of academic literature and findings derived from policy analysis, archival research and interviews, this paper takes an institutional political economy perspective to illustrate how Boy (2010), despite being the highest grossing New Zealand feature at the domestic box office of all times, was economically unsuccessful for its filmmakers. As a result, Boy’s filmmakers needed to turn to an online crowd-funding platform, Kickstarter, to raise the means necessary for the film’s international (American) release. This paper attempts to make a further contribution in industry structure and change in communication, media management and film studies, with special emphasis on multi-platform distribution cash flow, new revenue models and value chain.

This study has the objective to assess the impact of the decision of the United Kingdom to leave the European Union, after the Referendum that was held on 23-6-2016 (the "Brexit" Referendum), on entrepreneurship, through a case study on the Equity Crowdfunding Industry.

The First Chapter presents the evolution of FINTECH in general and ALTFIN in particular, with emphasis to Equity-Based Crowdfunding, which is the case examined in this study. Four different methods are applied in order to size the EBC Market, overall justifying the importance of EBC for startups in their first funding stages. Further on, we set out the context of the main issue of the study, Brexit, by referring to the egulatory burden that this specific Industry faces, the established way of doing business by utilising the tools that MIFID and MFID II provide (the most important being Business Passporting) and present why Brexit matters for this particular Industry.

The Second Chapter is the Literature Review. We present the views of the FCA, UK's Capital Markets Regulator, the ESMA, EU's Capital Markets Coordinator and Supervising Body, as well as of the BBA, the British Banker's Association that faces most of the problems that FINTECH does in connection with Brexit. Finally, since there is inadequate Academic Research on the issue, we present an number of articles published in the Press on the various aspects of the subject matter.

The Third Chapter presents the conclusions, correlating the findings of the literature review in order to assess the impact of Brexit on Equity-Based Crowdfunding, as well as on entrepreneurship.

Purpose: The objective of the study is to critically examine the concept of Smart data and its influence in creating Social entrepreneurship involving community engagement. Design/Methodology/Approach: The study involves an in-depth exploratory approach in finding out the technological platform for social entrepreneurship in social engagement. Findings: Finding the best solution to a problem varies in terms of approach. The term Social Entrepreneurship-sounds vague for some, and the possibilities of its application are virtually limitless, which encompasses a need for boundaries to demarcate its true purpose. Practical Implications: In today's modern world, attempting to draw out the context of business techniques with the aid of information technology to solve social problems is being regarded as an emerging approach referred to as social entrepreneurship. Social Implications: The study confirms the idea of social entrepreneurship is being attributed to its underlying function of fostering community engagement in an attempt to draw out solutions to long-standing social problems. Originality/Value: The vague understanding of social entrepreneurship requires a more in-depth exploration in which this article intends to achieve.

Web mediated crowd funding is a talented paradigm used by project launcher to solicit funds from backers to realize projects. Kickstarter is one such largest funding platform for creative projects. However, not all the campaigns in Kickstarter attain their funding goal and are successful. It is therefore important to know about campaigns' chances of success. As a broad goal, authors intended in extraction of the hidden knowledge from the Kickstarter campaign database and classification of these projects based on their dependency parameters. For this authors have designed a classification model for the analysis of Kickstarter campaigns by using direct information retrieved from Kickstarter URLs. This aids to identify the possibility of success of a campaign.

In questo E-Book sono trattati gli aspetti della Finanza Straordinaria
La Finanza Straordinaria è un argomento nuovo in Italia, o almeno considerato fino ad oggi solo per le grandi aziende, mentre negli ultimi anni gli strumenti tipici della Finanza Straordinaria sono diventati più nazionalpopolari sia per gli imprenditori sia per gli investitori.
Quotarsi in borsa o accedere a canali alternativi di finanziamento alternativi alla banca sono in crescita, così come la necessità di utilizzare processi di aggregazione tra aziende e business per raggiungere i livelli di competitività che ormai la globalizzazione impone per rimanere concorrenziali.
Conoscere questi strumenti permette di capire meglio sia le potenzialità per la propria impresa, ma anche le alternative di investimento per i propri investimenti in strumenti sicuramente meno liquidi, ma anche più remunerativi nel lungo periodo.

In February 2013, media scholar Professor Will Brooker launched My So Called Secret Identity; a collaborative web-comic (with work from Sarah Zaidan and Suze Shore, amongst others) that offers a different depiction of women in comics than was largely evident in previous works. As writer of the comic, Brooker blurs and crosses the divides between fan, producer and academic. In this interview, we explore these issues, while also touching upon Brooker’s work in fan studies and the current state of the field, the somewhat limited representations of gender in comics, and how MSCSI is engaging successfully and innovatively with an online readership.

Purpose: The objective of the study is to critically examine the concept of Smart data and its influence in creating Social entrepreneurship involving community engagement.Design/Methodology/Approach: The study involves an in-depth exploratory approach in finding out the technological platform for social entrepreneurship in social engagement.Findings: Finding the best solution to a problem varies in terms of approach.  The term Social Entrepreneurship - sounds vague for some, and the possibilities of its application are virtually limitless, which encompasses a need for boundaries to demarcate its true purpose.Practical Implications: In today’s modern world, attempting to draw out the context of business techniques with the aid of information technology to solve social problems is being regarded as an emerging approach referred to as social entrepreneurship.Social Implications: The study confirms the idea of social entrepreneurship is being attributed to its underlying function of fo...