IPV

Scheduled Caste (SC) women, one of the most oppressed and neglected groups in India, have the highest prevalence of intimate partner violence (IPV), yet no study has analyzed correlates of IPV within this group, or analyzed them using nationally representative data. This study is an attempt to fill this gap. Information on 11,076 married SC women from the
National Family Health Survey-4 was analyzed. A cross-sectional study design was followed. Binary logistic regression was applied to examine the factors associated with IPV. About 40% of married SC women in India suffered physical, mental, or sexual violence from their husbands. Alcohol consumption by husband (OR = 2.99, 95% CI = 2.62–3.41), employment
status (OR = 1.26, 95% CI = 1.07–1.48), parity especially having 4 or more children (OR = 2.36, 95% CI = 1.82–3.06; OR = 2.10, 95% CI = 1.61–2.73) were associated with higher odds of IPV. Women from southern, eastern, and central regions of India were more likely to experience IPV. We conclude that there is a need to recognize the diverse experiences of vulnerable subgroups within SC women and undertake suitably designed
targeted interventions to lower the high levels of IPV prevalent among these women.

"Gender Violence & the Visual.
An explorative study on the representation of intimate partner violence.
Birgit Wolf (2010)

ABSTRACT:

Concerning violence against women, today we can account on its acknowledgment as societal problem by international and European conventions, although we still find high prevalence rates in all countries, the United Nations say it is problem of pandemic proportions from 14 up to 44 % (UNIFEM). One of the main global objectives to end VAW is information and awareness raising. Across the EU Audiovisual is most important source of information on domestic violence with 92 % of Europeans having heard of domestic heard of it through TV (European Commission 2010).
The study aims to create a panorama providing a more specific and profound insight on what does violence against women, particularly intimate partner violence mean in its whole complexity and how is violence against women (in intimate partnership) displayed in different forms of representation. As a modus operandi for the exploration on gender violence and the visual, the societal phenomenon is contextualised with theoretical approaches of gender, symbolic and cultural violence. The discussion of the state of the art concerning representations of violence against women in news media, advertising and film show the biases transmitted by media; reproducing instead of clarifying the circulating myth and stereotypes. The analysis of an explorative sample of visuals provided by anti-violence activities (by UNIFEM, Council of Europe, and in Spain and Austria) results in tendencies of displaying paternal attitudes and of representing ambivalences, stereotypes and victimisation; but also shows a potential to challenge myths and stereotypes, to refer to the social dimension, to cultural/symbolical violence, as well as to provide visionary/innovative images.
As main aspects of this study, we can conclude, that the social use of displaying and reproducing sexist violence in the visual is completely normalised. The culture and cultivation of violence is perpetuated through the powerful impact of images, and the ‘outliers’ of new, visionary and resistive images are the visual key to break with. The visual contains the potential for reinforcing, reproducing or challenging, rupturing the phenomena of sexist violence." READ ARTICLE based on this PHD pre-study: http://revistes.iec.cat/index.php/TC/article/view/67175/66970

... in number of tests per second We conducted three basic performance comparison tests over ... 4.3 TCP Connection Time Table 1 shows that various connection times in each experiment ... We also intend to investigate the performance of IPv6 when exploiting IPv6 features (such as ...

Abstract—With the expansion of Internet, the current protocol address space (IPv4) is faced with a shortage and the new generation Internet (IPv6) is raised in order to solve this problem. Also with increasing interest of users in real-time and multimedia applications, the Internet and how to implement these applications to improve the quality of service (QoS) has become a significant challenge. In this paper, a network with both IPv4 and IPv6 protocols is simulated by using OPNET Modeler and implementation of QoS is tested on it. Packet loss, end-to-end delay and jitter were evaluated as network performance metrics. The results showed that satisfying the needs of multimedia applications on IPv6 are slightly weaker than IPv4, but the benefits have evolved more and more and the difference is negligible. Also according to the methods used in terms of this study, the combination of DiffServ and MPLS QoS implementation is the best option for both Internet Protocol versions.

Security network systems have been an increasingly important discipline since the implementation of preliminary stages of Internet Protocol version 6 (IPv6) for exploiting by attackers. IPv6 has an improved protocol in terms of security as it brought new functionalities, procedures, i.e., Internet Control Message Protocol version 6 (ICMPv6). The ICMPv6 protocol is considered to be very important and represents the backbone of the IPv6, which is also responsible to send and receive messages in IPv6. However, IPv6 Inherited many attacks from the previous internet protocol version 4 (IPv4) such as distributed denial of service (DDoS) attacks. DDoS is a thorny problem on the internet, being one of the most prominent attacks affecting a network result in tremendous economic damage to individuals as well as organizations. In this paper, an exhaustive evaluation and analysis are conducted anomaly detection DDoS attacks against ICMPv6 messages, in addition, explained anomaly detection types...

The common vision of smart systems today, is by and large associated with one single concept, the internet of things (IoT), where the whole physical infrastructure is linked with intelligent monitoring and communication technologies through the use of wireless sensors. In such an intelligent vibrant system, sensors are connected to send useful information and control instructions via distributed sensor networks. Wireless sensors have an easy deployment and better flexibility of devices contrary to wired setup. With the rapid technological development of sensors, wireless sensor networks (WSNs) will become the key technology for IoT and an invaluable resource for realizing the vision of Internet of things (IoT) paradigm. It is also important to consider whether the sensors of a WSN should be completely integrated into IoT or not. New security challenges arise when heterogeneous sensors are integrated into the IoT. Security needs to be considered at a global perspective, not just at a...

L’emergenza epidemiologica causata da covid-19 e le conseguenti misure intraprese dal governo italiano per contrastare il virus hanno avuto un impatto non indifferente sui centri antiviolenza e le case rifugio. Le operatrici si sono infatti repentinamente trovate a riorganizzare il loro modo di lavorare nei centri e nelle case e a doversi interfacciare con le istituzioni in una situazione di crisi. In questo contesto, il presente studio ha l’obiettivo di capire la profondità dell’impatto del covid-19 sul lavoro dei centri antiviolenza e delle case rifugio assieme alla percezione delle operatrici rispetto al quadro di crisi. Per raggiungere quest’obiettivo, sono state condotte interviste in profondità a 10 collaboratrici di centri antiviolenza e case rifugio in tutta Italia. Dall’analisi tematica di tali interviste risulta che le operatrici abbiano trovato molta difficoltà ad adattarsi alle indicazioni delle istituzioni sia per la natura del loro lavoro che per mancanza di supporto i...

Abstract.  The Internet presents a unique environment in which to study adoption. This is because of its composition of autonomous entities that are otherwise strongly interrelated. Our model of Internet standards adoption (ISA) combines diffusion of innovation and economics of adoption literature to present an integrative model. This model proposes that the adoption of Internet-based standards is dependent upon two dimensions: the usefulness of the features to the potential adopter, and the conduciveness of the environment to adoption of the standard. This model accounts for not only the traditional dichotomous view of adoption, but also includes the notion of ‘partial adoption’, where both old and new standards can coexist for extended periods of time. As a demonstration, we apply the ISA model to the next generation Internet protocol Internet Protocol version 6 (IPv6). Despite its ostensible superiority, IPv6 has not been widely adopted. In this paper we discuss the reasons why this might be the case. Our analysis also draws wider conclusions about the adoption of Internet standards: in particular, the importance of transitional technologies between the old and new standards and the need for co-ordinated government polices which encourage adoption. Our analysis also indicates that geopolitical boundaries may have a considerable impact on the adoption of Internet standards.

Advanced Telecommunications runs during the second semester of Junior Sophister academic year. In each week, there are three lectures. Attendance at all lectures is compulsory. There are also two projects that need to be completed during the course of the semester. Aims This option concentrates on building upon the students JF and SF years knowledge and introduces them to advanced topics in the area of data communications and telecoms. In particular the area of high speed local area networks operating at speeds of 100 megabits and higher are examined. A more detail study is made of the TCP/IP protocols and strategies to introduce Quality of Service (QoS) and Mobility are examined. Topics in the area of telecommunications protocols such as ISDN and ATM are studied. The students are also introduced to the areas of Network Security. Learning Outcomes When students have successfully completed this module they should: Gain in-depth knowledge of advanced computer networking and telecommun...

The Network performance optimization, configuration depends on proper design of complete network. The network layer is concerned with getting packets from source all the way to destination. The packets may cross many networks to reach the destination. To achieve its goals, the network layer must know about the topology, communication subnets and the version of the IP addresses used. Considering the present scenario, we are using IP v4 which needs to communicate with IP v6. The present networks are using only IP version 4 it is necessary to design and deploy certain methods which will help in communicating with the future generation of IP addresses. The present applications are still using IP version 4 to communicate and hence it is necessary to securely migrate them with the latest IP version. We present a secure tunneling mechanism that has some advantages over the other models. The model discussed here can be used to establish hybrid communications between the two different versio...