Inclusive Design

Evaluar la creatividad en diseño industrial suele centrarse en los resultados artefactuales más que en las
habilidades cognitivas que la soportan, reduciendo
el enfoque evaluativo a una dimensión instrumental.Esto puede suceder porque la cognición es un proceso discreto, que ocurre en la mente del sujeto sin ser observable de manera directa, a diferencia del resultado artefactual final. De ahí la pregunta por cómo evaluar las habilidades de la cognición creativa en los procesos de enseñanza-aprendizaje del diseño enmarcada en la evaluación para el aprendizaje. Para dar respuesta a ello se formuló un modelo de evaluación para favorecer la enseñanza de las habilidades de la cognición creativa en los procesos proyectuales en diseño industrial, no solo desde un enfoque psicométrico, sino como insumo para gestionar los procesos de enseñanza-aprendizaje. El modelo midió cuatro variables propias del pensamiento divergente: fluidez, flexibilidad, originalidad y elaboración en las dos fases del proceso proyectual de diseño: problematización e ideación. Este ejercicio visibilizó algunas habilidades cognitivas creativas mediante el diseño de instrumentos de medición e interpretación de las variables, lo que permitió que estudiantes y profesores conocieran su nivel de desarrollo, haciendo consciencia sobre dichas habilidades aplicadas al proyecto de diseño industrial.

This book presents the productions of the first international MasterClass hosted by Metrolab in January and February of 2017, on the topic of inclusion in urban spaces and urban projects. The event is the first stage of a larger project conducted at Metrolab and involving collective and collaborative research. We would like to begin with a word about this project that is dear to us.

The Culture Creates Bonds study defines key drivers, scenarios, and conditions that create natural human bonds, those of cultural activities and practices, in a residential or immediate neighbourhood. Historical and contemporary research indicates that cultural contexts, content, and activities act as mechanisms and factors that create a sense of identity, engagement, and relationships within and between communities. Research explores constraints as well as conditions that lead to successful bonding. The study applies a mixed methods approach that includes a literature review; interviews with stakeholders; an analysis of the data and results from the 2017 Culture Track Canada report (Cohen et al., 2018); and a series of case studies. The following are the conclusions and recommendations of the report:
1. Maintain a broad definition of arts and culture: Include food, festivals, popular culture, classical music, Big C culture, to small c culture. Combine activities for impact. Support professional and amateur. Place value on cultural activity as a means to enhance communication, community resilience and social capital.
2. Engage communities through arts and culture. Arts and culture bring civic benefit. Mobilize residents to respond to their own realities through the creation of arts and culture. Co-design, inclusive design, and working with difference are essential to effective community planning and design when creating cultural infrastructure. Strengthen communities’ creativity by developing coordinated partnerships among a range of stakeholders and organizations with diverse skills that can generate powerful cultural products.
3. Professional artists, curators, programmers and creative makers are essential. Integrate arts and cultural workers into communities and rely on their professional skills to enable inclusive activities and formalize emergent activities within a community.
4. Diversity. Recognizing diversity results in a more exciting, engaged, and healthy culture that traverses diverse languages and cultural formats and represents contemporary Toronto. Resilience results from the ability for individuals and groups to feel confident in their own identities and reach across their cultures and boundaries. Place value on Indigenous strategies and attitudes towards communities, including relational interaction, careful preparation, trust, and respect for a common set of emergent rules and values.
5. Scale Matters. Create cultural hubs as part of neighbourhoods, and support cultural activity in a range of infor-mal, flexible locations. Adopt critical considerations of scalability that consists of key principles, ethics, and knowledge that inform how initiatives can grow. At the same time, large-scale initiatives can galvanize and transform neighbourhoods and bring residents together.
6. Human-centric Digital: Integrate digital technology in subtle ways that augment and support people’s every-day social and physical interactions. In this way, the digital and physical are layered onto cultural activities to support community identity and social bonding.
7. Planning for well-being: Expand the view of care and wellness to include a broader understanding of human engagement (trust, mental health, joy, aesthetic pleasure, sharing, community safety, life affirmation, and some-times healing) and provide support in diverse ways. Strengthen evaluation processes to assess the impacts of arts and culture in relation to health and well-being.
8. Investment: Include support through monetary investments in arts and culture spaces at all scales through flex-ible funding programs. Organize coalitions to develop local cultural resources.

Este manual está dedicado a la accesibilidad e inclusión en sus múltiples facetas (física, orgánica, sensorial, mental, social, cultural, etcétera) al patrimonio cultural y natural, y en especial a los museos y exposiciones en su más amplia acepción, tanto por lo que respecta a la museología (arquitectura, personal, política de la institución, formación, atención al público, etcétera) como a la museografia. Para ello, han participado en su redacción algunos de los más prestigiosos expertos de España y Brasil en cada una de las materias que abordan los diferentes capítulos. El texto contiene numerosos ejemplos de buenas prácticas, referencias a instituciones y recursos en línea, así como una completa bibliografía. Se abordan cuestiones de diseño, tecnologías de la información y la comunicación, formación del personal, atención al público, planificación o política de la institución, entre otras, y se propone un decálogo consensuado por todos los autores.