MIR

En la membrana de las células cardíacas se encuentra la bomba Na +-K + , que saca 3 Na + y mete 2 K + , con lo cual el interior contiene concentraciones elevadas de K + y el exterior de Na + , y mantiene el potencial transmembrana en reposo negativo. El potencial de acción tiene varias fases. En la fase 0 el interior de la célula pasa a ser positivo por la entrada de Na + a través de canales rápidos de sodio (los antiarrít-micos de clase I actúan bloqueando este receptor). Después comienza a salir K + (fase I) con lo que tiende a negativizarse, lo cual es compensa-do durante la fase II, o de meseta, por la entrada lenta de calcio. En la fase III vuelve a predominar la salida de potasio negativizando el interior y restableciendo el potencial de membrana en reposo.

Retrieval of multimedia has become a requirement for many contemporary information systems. These systems need to provide browsing, querying, navigation, and, sometimes, composition capabilities involving various forms of media. In this survey, we review techniques for text, image, audio and video retrieval. We first look at indexing and retrieval techniques for text, audio, image and video. We also discuss features visual features for video retrieval such as colour, texture, shape. The indexing techniques are discussed for these features. We also compare most popular techniques used for indexing and retrieval.

"We have developed an audio information retrieval system, named Audio Metaphor. It is designed for use in sound- scape composition. Audio Metaphor accepts natural language queries, and recommends audio files from online collaborative databases. Audio Metaphor uses a sub-query generation algorithm, named SLiCE (String List Chopping Experiment) that accepts a word-feature list, parsed from a natural language query by another component of the Audio Metaphor system. A set of audio file recommendations is returned to the soundscape composer.
Audio Metaphor has been used to recommend recordings from a database of audio files by using the descriptions associated with each recording. It has also been applied in a live context within a contemporary dance production In[a]moment, to provide audio files for soundscape com- position. Audio Metaphor facilitated audience interaction by listening for Tweets that the audience addressed to the performance; in this case, it processed the Twitter feed in realtime to recommend audio files to the soundscape composer."

It was previously thought that epigenetic histone modifications of mammalian transposable elements (TEs) serve primarily to defend the genome against deleterious effects associated with their activity. However, we recently showed that, genome-wide, human TEs can also be epigenetically modified in a manner consistent with their ability to regulate host genes. Here, we explore the ability of TE sequences to epigenetically regulate individual human genes by focusing on the histone modifications of promoter sequences derived from TEs. We found 1520 human genes that initiate transcription from within TE-derived promoter sequences. We evaluated the distributions of eight histone modifications across these TE-promoters, within and between the GM12878 and K562 cell lines, and related their modification status with the cell-type specific expression patterns of the genes that they regulate. TE-derived promoters are significantly enriched for active histone modifications, and depleted for repressive modifications, relative to the genomic background. Active histone modifications of TE-promoters peak at transcription start sites and are positively correlated with increasing expression within cell lines. Furthermore, differential modification of TE-derived promoters between cell lines is significantly correlated with differential gene expression. LTR-retrotransposon derived promoters in particular play a prominent role in mediating cell-type specific gene regulation, and a number of these LTR-promoter genes are implicated in lineage-specific cellular functions. The regulation of human genes mediated by histone modifications targeted to TE-derived promoters is consistent with the ability of TEs to contribute to the epigenomic landscape in a way that provides functional utility to the host genome.

This text offers a personal and very subjective view on the current situation of Music Information Research (MIR). Motivated by the desire to build systems with a somewhat deeper understanding of music than the ones we currently have, I try to sketch a number of challenges for the next decade of MIR research, grouped around six simple truths about music that are probably generally agreed on but often ignored in everyday research.

<p>Hsa-miR-196a-2 is composed of two different mature miRNAs (miR-196a and miR196a*), which are processed from the same stem-loop. The SNP (rs11614913) lies in the mature sequence of miR-196a* but may influence either miRNA by affecting processing of the pre-miRNA to its mature form [<a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0152834#pone.0152834.ref047" target="_blank">47</a>].</p

The anti-inflammatory properties of the flavonol quercetin have been intensively investigated using in vitro cell systems and are to a great extent reflected by changes in the expression of inflammatory markers. However, information relating to the degree at which quercetin affects inflammatory gene expression in vivo is limited. Recently, micro RNAs (miRNAs) have been identified as powerful post-transcriptional gene regulators. The effect of quercetin on miRNA regulation in vivo is largely unknown. Laboratory mice were fed for six weeks with control or quercetin enriched high fat diets and biomarkers of inflammation as well as hepatic levels of miRNAs previously involved in inflammation (miR-125b) and lipid metabolism (miR-122) were determined. We found lower mRNA steady state levels of the inflammatory genes interleukin 6, C-reactive protein, monocyte chemoattractant protein 1, and acyloxyacyl hydrolase in quercetin fed mice. In addition we found evidence for an involvement of red...

RESUMEN Se realiza una reconstrucción teórica acerca de la noción de justicia social presente en tres tradiciones de la izquierda chilena: el Partido Comunista, el Partido Socialista y el Movimiento de Izquierda Revolucionaria (MIR). La historia de estas ...

RESUMEN Se realiza una reconstrucción teórica acerca de la noción de justicia social presente en tres tradiciones de la izquierda chilena: el Partido Comunista, el Partido Socialista y el Movimiento de Izquierda Revolucionaria (MIR). La historia de estas ...