Need for Achievement

School adjustment is the process of adapting to the role of being a student and to various aspects of the school environment. Failure to adjust can lead to mental health issues and school refusal or school dropout and may require schoolcounselling. The present study focuses on school adjustment, motivation and academic achievement among school students face many adjustments in school. From year to year, there are changes in teachers, classrooms, school and class rules and procedures, performance expectations, the difficulty of the work, and peers. Their successes in negotiating these challenges predict academic achievement. If a child is well adjusted to his environment, then he or she will be

The objective of this study is to develop and validate an instrument to measure entrepreneurial motivation among the low-income households in Kelantan, Malaysia. The present study attempts to answer the call of existing studies, which reported inadequate entrepreneurship research within developing economies by examining the constructs of Self-Improvement, Self-Confidence, Openness to Change, Pull Factors, and Need for Achievement as components of an instrument to measure Entrepreneurial Motivation. This study adopted a cross-sectional design with quantitative data collected from 800 households in four districts in Kelantan, Malaysia, through a structured interview. Based on the reliability and validity testing, this study finalized the instrument to 25 items yielding five factors, i.e., selfimprovement, self-confidence, openness to change, pull factors, and need for achievement. The findings of the reflective hierarchical model revealed that need for achievement is the highest contributor to entrepreneurial motivation among the lowincome households in Kelantan, Malaysia; followed by self-confidence, pull factors, self-improvement, and openness to change. It is recommended that future researchers continue to develop the instrument by cross-examining the instrument across different income level groups living in both low-income and developed economies.

Bu çalışmada, üniversite öğrencilerinin temel motivasyon kaynaklarının, girişimcilik eğilimleri/niyetleri üzerindeki etkisi incelenmektedir. Çalışmanın örneklemi, Süleyman Demirel Üniversitesi bünyesindeki 4 fakülte ve 6 meslek yüksekokulunda okuyan toplam 902 öğrenciden oluşmaktadır. Öğrencilerin temel motivasyon kaynaklarının girişimcilik eğilimi üzerindeki etkisini ölçmek amacıyla, Yılmaz ve Sümbül'ün (2009) geliştirmiş olduğu "Girişimcilik Ölçeği" kullanılmıştır. Temel motivasyon kaynaklarının incelenmesi için ise Antalyalı ve Bolat'ın (2017) geliştirmiş olduğu "Temel Motivasyon Kaynakları (TMK)" ölçeği kullanılmıştır. Çalışmada temel motivasyon kaynaklarının (güç, başarı, bağlanma, düşünme), girişimcilik faktörlerini (risk, fırsatları değerlendirme, liderlik, gelecek, kararlılık, dış etkenlere karşı bireysel güç) pozitif yönde etkilediği tespit edilmiştir. En etkili motivasyon kaynağının düşünme ihtiyacı olduğu, en düşük etkiye sahip motivasyon kaynağının da bağlanma ihtiyacı olduğu görülmüştür. Ayrıca kadınların girişimcilik eğilimlerinin daha düşük olduğu, yine motivasyon kaynaklarının girişimciliği etkileme gücünün kadınlarda daha düşük olduğu araştırmanın diğer önemli bulgularıdır.

This study examined the relationship between job performance and prosocial behavior at work using several variables that to date have received little or no attention in the literature. It focuses on employees' need for control, need for achievement, and the more commonly studied variable of organizational commitment as direct predictors of prosocial behavior and ultimately as indirect antecedents of job performance. Eight hundred and forty-six employees from 41 organizations participated in the study. Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) supported a direct relationship between need for achievement and job performance. However, no relationship was found between need for control and job performance. Moreover, when both personality variables were controlled for, the effect of prosocial behavior and commitment on job performance disappeared. This finding suggests that further work on the mediating effects of prosocial behavior and commitment on job performance is needed. Additional su...

The hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis plays a key role in the physiological response to stress, preparing the organism for appropriate action. While some research has examined universally relevant threats, other research has suggested that individual differences may moderate the relationship between stress and cortisol release, such that some individuals exhibit modified reactivity to personally relevant stressors or challenges. In the present study we investigated whether one individual difference—the implicit need for achievement—moderates the effect of motive-relevant challenge on salivary cortisol. Participants ’ salivary cortisol and felt affect were measured before and after engagement in an achievement task. In the positive- and no-feedback conditions, individuals high in implicit achievement motivation demonstrated increased cortisol response to the task, whereas in the negative feedback condition, individuals high in implicit achievement motivation demonstrated a da...

Previous research has indicated robust relationships between implicit motives and various indices of career preference and performance, with the implicit need for power ( nPow) and the implicit need for achievement ( nAch) found to associate with leadership and entrepreneurship, respectively. However, relatively little work has examined the relationships between implicit motivation and career intention. In the present study, 149 university students completed questionnaires assessing their intention to embark on entrepreneurial, professional, or leadership careers, while implicit motivation was measured using the picture story exercise. nPow was found to positively predict entrepreneurial intent and to negatively predict professional intent, while higher nPow was positively associated with both entrepreneurial and leadership career choice. nAch did not associate significantly with any of the intent or choice measures. These results tentatively suggest a previously undocumented relati...

This study was designed to investigate the relationship among leadership behavior of degree college principals, selected organizational and personal characteristics, and faculty job satisfaction, acceptance of leader and job expectancies. The moderators included task structure, role ambiguity, stress, need for autonomy, need for achievement, perception about ability and locus of control. Responses were received from 854 college faculty members. Correlation analysis indicated that leadership styles were positively related to job expectancies and negatively related to acceptance of leader and job satisfaction. There were no differences between male and female respondents on any dependent measure. Majority was satisfied with their work on the job, supervision, coworkers and job in general and were dissatisfied with their pay and the promotion policy. Regression analysis indicated that only experience and length of service under current principal had significant affect on acceptance and...

In a country of weaken economy, entrepreneurs are the building blocks of progress and improvement towards the economy. In this research, the characteristics of the entrepreneurs are being evaluated. Particularly, the locus of control and the need for achievement are being examined with what their impact towards the entrepreneurial performance of the entrepreneurs. This research is a quantitative research with questionnaire as the primary data collection method. A total of 50 young entrepreneurs are being selected as the research samples. The sampling method in this research is convenience sampling. The data analysis method is being done by Partial Least Square method using the SmartPLS 2.0. Research result shows that both the locus of control and need for achievement have a significant effect towards their entrepreneurial performance. The benefits of this research is to provide entrepreneurs with a different perception of what actually contributes to the characteristics of them. The benefits of future researcher as a reference towards their research. This research is different from others because it specifically look into the two characteristics that often people neglect or dont know. The research is conducted within entrepreneurs so that we really know if it really affect them or not. And more importantly, we use sample of entrepreneurs who owns a business solely, as such their effect will be more influenced towards their business instead of multiple leadership or long organizational structure.

This article focuses on Confucian dynamism, affective commitment to the organization, and need for achievement in relation to service quality. Participants were 94 property managers in Hong Kong. The findings reveal that affective commitment partially mediates the relationship between Confucian dynamism and service quality, and that need for achievement moderates the indirect effect of Confucian dynamism on service quality via

This study examined the relationship between job performance and prosocial behavior at work using several variables that to date have received little or no attention in the literature. It focuses on employees' need for control, need for achievement, and the more commonly studied variable of organizational commitment as direct predictors of prosocial behavior and ultimately as indirect antecedents of job performance. Eight hundred and forty-six employees from 41 organizations participated in the study. Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) supported a direct relationship between need for achievement and job performance. However, no relationship was found between need for control and job performance. Moreover, when both personality variables were controlled for, the effect of prosocial behavior and commitment on job performance disappeared. This finding suggests that further work on the mediating effects of prosocial behavior and commitment on job performance is needed. Additional su...

Achievement motivation can be defined as the need f or success or the attainment of excellence. Individuals will satisfy their needs through differ ent means, and are driven to succeed for varying reasons both internal and external. Achieve ment motivation is based on reaching success and achieving all of our aspirations in lif e. Achievement goals can affect the way a person performs a task and represent a desire to sh ow competence (Harackiewicz, Barron, Carter, Lehto, & Elliot, 1997). Vaughan (2002) defi nes spiritual intelligence as relating to individual’s own inner life of mind and spirit. It implies an awareness of spirit and deep understanding of existential questions and insight into different states of consciousness. The present study aimed to study the effect of achievem ent motivation and gender on spiritual intelligence. Achievement Motivation Scale (AMS) gi ven by Deo-Mohan (1985) and Spiritual Intelligence Self Report Inventory (SISRI) develope d by King and DeCicco (...

This study examined the relationship between job performance and prosocial behavior at work using several variables that to date have received little or no attention in the literature. It focuses on employees' need for control, need for achievement, and the more commonly studied variable of organizational commitment as direct predictors of prosocial behavior and ultimately as indirect antecedents of job performance. Eight hundred and forty-six employees from 41 organizations participated in the study. Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) supported a direct relationship between need for achievement and job performance. However, no relationship was found between need for control and job performance. Moreover, when both personality variables were controlled for, the effect of prosocial behavior and commitment on job performance disappeared. This finding suggests that further work on the mediating effects of prosocial behavior and commitment on job performance is needed. Additional su...

This paper presents a descriptive, quantitative study devised in order to test hypothesis related to psychological traits of Romanian entrepreneurs and middle and top managers. The purpose of the present study is to describe the theoretical model proposed for the relationship between risk-taking and need for achievement in a business context and to test it against data gathered from Romanian business people. The sample consisted of 137 Romanian business people with managerial experience, who met at least one of the following sampling criteria: (1) founder or current owner of a Romanian company, (2) currently employed in a top management position, (3) currently employed on a position with managerial status. For testing the relation between variables we have used an independent sample test. The findings of the study reveal that it is very fruitful to consider the inclination towards risk taking as a determinant of the need for achievement, whereas most researches have considered the relationship to be the other way around.