Occupational Health Psychology

This study aimed to extend our theoretical understanding of how mindfulness-based interventions exert their positive influence on measures of occupational health. Employing a randomized waitlist control study design, we sought to (a) assess an Internet-based instructor-led mindfulness intervention for its effect on key factors associated with "recovery from work," specifically, work-related rumination, fatigue, and sleep quality; (b) assess different facets of mindfulness (acting with awareness, describing, nonjudging, and nonreacting) as mechanisms of change; and (c) assess whether the effect of the intervention was maintained over time by following up our participants after 3 and 6 months. Participants who completed the mindfulness intervention (n = 60) reported significantly lower levels of work-related rumination and fatigue, and significantly higher levels of sleep quality, when compared with waitlist control participants (n = 58). Effects of the intervention were mai...

This study characterized and compared the occurrence of Burnout Syndrome (BS) and the Quality of Working Life (QVP) in military police (military police) and civilian police (PCs) from Campo Grande-MS, Brazil. The convenience sample consisted of 474 officers of all ranks, marital status and both sexes. N = 2321 PMs studied n = 240 (148 M, 92 F), N = 966 PCs were sampled n = 234 (127 M, 107F). Schooling prevalent among police officers was the high school and among police officers was college. The total sample showed 56% of the SB, significantly higher for PCs, which also had higher rates than the PMs in the three dimensions of the SB. PCs report higher workload and worse QVT, but more Intrinsic Motivation. The results point to the level of emotional and physical distress that the police are exposed and PCs are more committed.
Key Words- Burnout Professional; Quality of Life; Police; Military police.

İnşaat, Risk, Tehlike, İş Güvenliği, İş Kazası, İş Sağlığı ve Güvenliği, Occupational Health and Safety, İş Güvenliği Uzmanlığı, İş Güvenliği Uzmanı, Mühendislik, Engineering, İş Kazaları, İşçi Sağlığı, İnşaat Sektörü, İnşaat Sektöründe Yaşanan İş Kazaları, İnşaat Sektöründe Yaşanan İş Kazaları ve Nedenleri, Yargıtay Kararları, İş Kazası Örnekleri ve İlgili Yargıtay Kararları, İstanbul, Türkay Ercan Şengöz (Türkay Ercan Şengöz tarafından yayımlanan her çeşit harita, bilgi ve belgelerin her hakkı saklıdır. Her ne şekilde ve amaçla olursa olsun bu bilgi ve belgelerin kaynak belirtilmeden kullanılması, yazılı izin alınmadan elektronik, optik, mekanik veya diğer yollarla dağıtılması, çoğaltılması, basılması, değiştirilmesi, paylaşılması, kopyalanması ve internet sitelerinde kullanılması durumunda gerekli hukuki yollara başvurulacak ve yasal işlem başlatılacaktır. Önemle duyurulur. Bu platformda veya diğer platformlarda paylaşmış olduğum tez veya akademik kapsamdaki çalışmalarımın içerisindeki bütün bilgilerin etik davranış ve akademik kurallar çerçevesinde elde edilerek sunulduğunu, akademik çalışmalarımın tez yazım kurallarına uygun olarak hazırlandığını hatırlatıyor, bana ait olan her türlü ifade ve bilginin kaynağına eksiksiz atıf yapılması gerektiğini bildiriyor, sevgi ve saygılarımı sunuyorum.)

This study characterized and compared the occurrence of Burnout Syndrome (BS) and the Quality of Working Life (QVP) in military police (military police) and civilian police (PCs) from Campo GrandeMS, Brazil. The convenience sample consisted of 474 officers of all ranks, marital status and both sexes. N=2321 PMs studied n=240 (148 M, 92 F), N=966 PCs were sampled n=234 (127 M, 107F). Schooling prevalent among police officers was the high school and among police officers was college. The total sample showed 56% of the SB, significantly higher for PCs, which also had higher rates than the PMs in the three dimensions of the SB. PCs report higher workload and worse QVT, but more Intrinsic Motivation. The results point to the level of emotional and physical distress that the police are exposed and PCs are more committed.

Occupational stress can be defined as Occupational stress can be defined as the harmful physical and emotional responses that occur when the requirements of the job do not match the capabilities, resources, or needs of the worker. Occupational stress contributes not only to life stresses, but has an impact on health among security guards. Occupational stress among security guards was assessed in the present study. Occupational stress of security guards has a strong impact on the physical health and their performance at job. Hence the present study focuses on occupational stress among security guards.  The study was carried out in Lucknow on the male and female security guards using multistage sampling technique. Total samples of 180 security guards were selected from three areas- Banks, academic institutions and residential security. Modified version of occupational stress scale developed by Srivastava A.K. (1976) was used. From the findings of the study it can be concluded that the security guards profession is very difficult. Security guards suffer from high stress and face problem and dissatisfied with their job and salary. Security guards continuously work for long hours and they are not satisfied with their salary. Female security guards have high occupational stress in comparison to male security guards.

Психология профессионального здоровья – новое научно-практическое направление в современной
психологии. В статье описаны два подхода – европейский и североамериканский – к определению
«психология профессионального здоровья». Рассматриваются основные предметные области
исследований здоровья работающего человека: делается вывод о преобладании проблемно-
ориентированных исследований, прежде всего, изучения проблем профессионального стресса и
социально-психологических факторов риска. Представлены актуальные направления современных
зарубежных исследований; анализируются перспективы развития психологии профессионального
здоровья за рубежом, которые в настоящее время связаны с разработкой и реализацией ее
«позитивного» потенциала, в том числе с формированием позитивной психологии профессионального
здоровья.

This qualitative study investigated the lived experiences of highly sensitive persons (HSPs) to better understand the way they experience careers.  Sensory processing sensitivity (SPS) is the underlying personality trait and is present in approximately 20 percent of the population, equally distributed across gender and racial lines.  SPS is considered a non-normative personality trait in some Western societies and subcultures.  Thus, many HSPs experience difficulty finding an appropriate match between innate temperament and career.   
This qualitative research perspective employed semi-structured interviews with 35 participants recruited through social media web sites and snowball sampling.  Participants in the study were primarily from the U.S., but also from five foreign countries.  Participants were chosen based on answers to a recruitment questionnaire and Elaine Aron’s HSP Self-Test.  Major findings reveal a complex, interwoven dynamic interplay between nine major themes: (1) empathy, (2) childhood’s influence, (3) self-care, (4) a rich inner life, (5) creativity, (6) high sensation-seeking, (7) the sociological perspective, (8) the experience of work, and (9) the integral being.  The significance of this study is that it is the first of its kind to investigate this topic in a systematic, scientific manner.

Most of the research concerning the validity of the selection & assessment interviews has a low degree of validity, relevance, ecological validity and impact. We all have read in the course of the years the classical papers developed from 1940s on the validity of the method of selection & assessment interview. The results show regularly little validity of these selection methods – and seldom a more reliability – and the great prominence of the psychological test: in particular, aptitude and intelligence test (psychometric test), and more structured, or behavioral, interviews and behavioral Assessment Center). To be more specific, the psychometric approach and techniques result as more valid (and reliable) than the “clinical”, psychosocial and psychodynamic approach, in which the human being is viewed as a whole.
In my opinion the great part of this kind of research has little or no real and technical relevance, and no practical evidence, because of the confusion made on a central matter: the professional identity of the interviewer, or assessor.

ÖZET
İş ve sosyal güvenlik hukuku işçi sağlığı ve iş güvenliği konusunda tedbir alma yükümlülüğünü ilk elde işverenlere yüklemiştir. İşverenin yükümlülükleri işçi sağlığına ve iş güvenliğine dair tüm tedbirleri almak, işçinin eğitimini ve bilgilendirilmesini sağlamak ve bilgili kalmasını sağlamak, işyerinde iş sağlığı ve güvenliği ile ilgili yasal zorunluluk olan örgütlenmeyi sağlamak, işçinin alınan tedbirlere uyup uymadığını denetlemek ve gözetlemek, çalıştırma yasağına uymak ve kayıt ve bildirim yükümlülüklerine riayet etmek olarak sıralanmaktadır.
Yüksek yargı işverenin sorumluluğunu, mevzuattaki düzenlemeler ile de sınırlandırmamış, her türlü makul tedbirin alınmasının zorunlu olduğuna hükmetmiştir. İş kazaları ve meslek hastalıklarının gerçekleşmesi hâlinde ise işverenin, bir yandan kamu hukukundan kaynaklanan kusur sorumluluğu, öte yandan ise özel hukuktan kaynaklanan tazminat sorumluluğu bulunmaktadır.

ANAHTAR KELİMELER: İş kazası, meslek hastalığı, iş sağlığı ve güvenliği, kusurlu sorumluluk, kusursuz sorumluluk, çalıştırma yasağı,
rücu.

ABSTRACT
Labour and social security law imposed the obligation to take measures on employee’s health and occupational safety measures, to the employers in the first hand. Employer's obligations are listed as; to take  all the measures about employee’s health and occupational safety, to obtain education of the employee and to keep him informed, satisfy the relevant statutory obligation on occupational health and safety
organization in the workplace, ensure, control that the employee has complied with the measures taken and supervise the installation, obey the prohibitions of employment and to comply with recording and reporting obligations.
The high court do not limit the responsibility of the employer’s responsibility with the legislative regulations, ruled that it’s mandatory to take every reasonable measure. Upon the realization of industrial accidents and occupational diseases, the employer has defects liability that derives from public law on one hand and has the liability for compensation arising from private law on the other.

KEYWORDS: Work accident, industrial accident, occupational disease, occupational health and safety, defects liability, strict liability, prohibition of employment, recourse

FRANCAIS
Objectifs : réaliser un examen descriptif et critique des recherches sur la relation soignant-soigné (RSS), incluant les principales problématiques étudiées, les approches théoriques et méthodologiques employées, les antécédents et conséquences considérés etc. Méthodes : une recherche bibliographique par mots clés a été effectuée sur huit bases de données (N résultats = 2714). Après élimination des articles en double, ni francophones ou anglophones, non conformes ou inexploitables, 1416 articles ont été classés selon de neuf critères dans différentes catégories (e.g. critère : approche méthodologique ; catégories : quantitative par questionnaires, qualitative par entretiens etc.) Les principales tendances représentatives de la littérature ont été identifiées en hiérarchisant ces catégories en fonction du nombre d’articles classés. La fréquence avec laquelle les variables associées à la RSS ont été considérées dans les mêmes articles (cooccurrences) a ensuite été analysée. Résultats : outre l’identification de tendances majoritaires (études essentiellement empiriques et quantitatives, se concentrant sur les médecins…), les résultats révèlent l’existence de neuf champs d’étude relativement distincts structurés par trois variables transversales : satisfaction du patient, compétences communicationnelles du soignant et choix du traitement. Peu d’études incluent simultanément le patient et le soignant dans l’évaluation de la qualité relationnelle et, surtout, de ses conséquences (focus asymétrique). Conclusions : ces résultats mettent notamment en avant la nécessité de favoriser les études adoptant un focus symétrique soignant/soigné, analysant le processus par lequel ils ajustent réciproquement (ou non) leurs attitudes et comportements. Conformément à ce constat, la notion d’ajustement relationnel est introduite, définie et discutée quant à sa pertinence.

ENGLISH
Objectives: to carry out a descriptive and critical review of the healthcare provider-patient relationship (PPR) research, including the main issues studied, the theoretical and methodological approaches used, the antecedents and the consequences considered etc. Methods: A bibliographical research was performed in eight databases (N = 2714 results). After removal of duplicates, of articles neither in French nor in English, irrelevant or with missing information, 1416 articles were classed in different categories according to nine criteria (e.g. criterion: methodological approach used; categories: articles using a quantitative approach with questionnaires, a qualitative approach with interviews etc.). The main representative trends of the literature were identified by ranking these categories according to the number of classed articles. The frequencies with which the variables associated with the PPR were studied in the same articles (co-occurrences) were also analyzed. Results: In addition to identify the most representative trends of the literature (e.g. studies mostly empirical and quantitative, focused on physicians), the results reveal the existence of nine relatively distinct research areas structured around three key cross-cutting variables: patient satisfaction, communication skills of the healthcare provider and treatment choice. Overall, few studies included at the same time the patient and the healthcare provider in the assessment of the quality and consequences of their relationship (asymmetrical focus). Conclusions: There is especially a need for promoting studies adopting a symmetrical focus, i.e. analyzing the process by which the protagonists adjust reciprocally (or not) their attitudes and behavior. Accordingly, the concept of relational fit is introduced, defined and discussed.

Ergonomics Risk Factors (ERFs) at computer works are commonly related to Musculoskeletal Disorders (MSDs) such as repetitive movements, doing work in awkward postures and static postures while prolonged seating at works. The main objective of this study was to investigate the ergonomic risk factors associated with MSDs among employees in computer workstation. In this study, the data were obtained by structured interview using self-reported questionnaire and direct observation. The results show that there is significant association between neck and stress score with musculoskeletal symptoms and among office workers. As a conclusion, by assessing ERFs at workplace, the effectiveness of workplace interventions can be evaluated without waiting for changes in the prevalence of MSDs.

This study attempted to review the history of the development of mental health in Taiwan's workplaces, focusing mainly on the direction of government policies against the backdrop of social context as a reference. This study begins with a brief description of the development history of employee assistance programs and occupational health psychology in the related fields in the United States. Next up, the study segued into the field of mental health in Taiwan's workplace practice and
policy aspects to do a review, the findings, excluding some isolated cases without policy guidance in the early period, can be divided into four periods: labor counseling, the implementation of employee assistance programs, the EAP implementation by the government and multi-oriented occupational health promotion. Based on the development of history, this study provides the future development direction of Taiwan's occupational mental health field, including professional deepening, cross disciplinary cooperation and integration, and localization. It’s expected that by taking
stock of the historical review in this study, the future direction of mental health in the workplace can be provided for scholars, public sectors, and workers in this regard.

The study of occupational stress is hindered by the lack of compact and comprehensive standardized measurement tools. The Pressure Management Indicator (PMI) is a 120-item self-report questionnaire developed from the Occupational Stress Indicator (OSI). The PMI is more reliable, more comprehensive, and shorter than the OSI. It provides an integrated measure of the major dimensions of occupational stress. The outcome scales measure job satisfaction, organizational satisfaction, organizational security, organizational commitment, anxiety--depression, resilience, worry, physical symptoms, and exhaustion. The stressor scales cover pressure from workload, relationships, career development, managerial responsibility, personal responsibility, home demands, and daily hassles. The moderator variables measure drive, impatience, control, decision latitude, and the coping strategies of problem focus, life work balance, and social support.