Onshore

Re-shoring means bringing back home production and supply chains to the country where the good-service is consumed. This trend took academic glance in 2010 (Cranfield WhitePaper, 2015 p.6) when the world economic system was trying to effectively cope with the world financial crisis, hiking transportation costs and decreasing wage gaps (Gibson, 2014 p. 15). Consequently, it become an actual movement in the US when Harry Moser founded the non-profit organisation Reshoring Initiative in 1993, whose activity eased the achievement of a balance between US offshored and reshored jobs in 2014 (Reshore Initiative). Nowadays, the re-shoring policy which is pledged by the Conservative Government is assessed to be the pivot through which actualising the UK's unexplored potential of the economy, that is to say setting positive spillover effect on employment levels, GDP and international trade by offsetting those uncertainties occurring when offshoring. The drivers of this phenomenon stems mainly from the industry sector ranging from capital intensive and skilled work such as automotive and aerospace, to R&D intensive sectors such as pharmaceutical and electronic and optical products (EY, 2015 p.13)1, although IT and Support Services represent further components of the trend. However, Britain's industry accounts for the 10% only of GDP leaving the whole economy reliant over the service market and driven primarily by consumer spending which is deeply affected by (low) interest rates, hence in need of diversification. " Re-shore UK " is just 1 of those public initiatives aiming at easing the return of British businesses on British soil by providing funds, liaising with foreign investors to enhance local supply chain, supporting capital investment and intervening on Corporate tax (Reshore UK, 2014). Indeed, re-shoring is claimed to be a reliable way to mend the legacy of the world financial crisis and to support the settlement of a more resilient economy, although it is believed that going back to relative industry output previous to Thatcherism is impossible and the long term sustainability of these jobs is questionable 2. History of on-off-re-shoring in the Uk The growing national and international interest about reshoring, has shifted the international attention from moving the production of good and services into developing countries to assessing the multifaceted framework of delocalisation of supply chain. Indeed, both the Academia and Governments are assessing and trying to harness its potential impact on national economies by forecasting GDP and employment reactions. Nowadays, 1 In this regards, it is estimated that from a regional perspective, the North West would benefit the most from reshoring primarily aerospace, basic metals and casting along with automotive and electronics which could create an extra £2.4 billion GDP. The South East outside London would be thriving with a £2 billion boost within Defence followed by the West Midlands with £1.8 billion thanks to the automotive segment. Additionally, Yorkshire and the Humber and the East Midlands would also benefit respectively from petroleum products (+ £1.7 billion GDP) and electronics (+ £1.4 billion GDP), and more than 315,000 jobs would be created nationwide (EY, 2015 p.15). 2 Oxford Economics has calculated that the external return – the return not captured by the company making the investment – from the £149bn R&D spending by British manufacturing is almost 30 per cent. The external return from aerospace R&D is almost 60 per cent. The benefit to the wider economy is significant thereby justifying interventions such as R&D tax breaks. The spillovers form one company alone, for instance Rolls Royce, are estimated to be worth £3.4bn to the UK economy (Scottish Trade Union Congress, 2015 p.6).

Petrol fiyatlarının artışını hızla sürdürdüğü, küresel ısınmaya dayalı tarım ve gıda sorunlarının baş gösterdiği günümüzde çevreye duyarlı temiz enerji kaynaklarına yönelik araştırma ve uygulamalar önemini bir kez daha belirgin bir biçimde göstermektedir. Rüzgar enerjisi dönüşüm santralleri, Fotovoltaik güneş panelleri, yakıt hücresi uygulamaları, küçük ölçekli hidrolik santrallerin yanı sıra dalga enerjisinin elektriğe dönüştürüldüğü sistemler üzerindeki araştırmalar da hızla devam etmektedir. Bu yazıda, dalga enerjisinin kullanımı ile ilgili olarak yapılan bir literatür çalışmasının sonuçları incelenmekte ve dalga enerjisinin kullanım süreci ve günümüzdeki önemi ele alınmaktadır. Bu inceleme ve değerlendirmeler çerçevesinde de dalga enerjisinin yarın yani gelecek yıllardaki kullanım potansiyeli ve önemi üzerinde durulmaktadır.

Offshoring and outsourcing have become the buzzwords of the IT community and the popular media discourse about the current era of globalization in services. Acknowledging the geographic perspective expressed in these dominant terms, in this article I examine the processes and activities that are oriented in the opposite direction. Capturing this inversion, I develop the concept of ‘onshoring’ and use research material from fieldwork conducted with IT firms in St Petersburg, Russia and their affiliates, agents and clients in the USA to provide an empirical case study. Onshoring encompasses the corporeal, representational, material and legal practices of offshore firms developing a presence onshore, with Russia as offshore and the USA as onshore in this case. The lack of an established Russian professional diaspora in the USA created a context in which developing a recognizable onshore presence was necessary for firms based in Russia. By explicitly recognizing that the efforts, risk-taking and experimental strategies of offshore firms to create connections, networks and contacts onshore in the USA are a constitutive part of offshore outsourcing, I document and examine the less acknowledged complex flows and practices of onshoring. I argue that although these actors and processes may seem marginal to the widely recognized narrative of offshore outsourcing, in fact, they are creative and strategic compensations that reveal how the globalization of services is enacted at the micro-level.

The objective of this paper is a Study on Power Generation Analysis of Floating
PV System Considering Environmental Impact. The floating photovoltaic system is a
new concept in energy technology to meet the needs of recent time. The system
integrates existing land based Load with a newly developed floating photovoltaic
technology. Because module temperature of floating PV system is lower than that of
overland PV system, the floating PV system has 10% better generation efficiency than
overland PV system. Offshore Solar Generation is better present technology. The
paper has demonstrated application of off shore solar generation for AC and DC load

This paper proposes a geophysical survey, consisted of onshore and into shallow water (intertidal or surface zone) geoelectrical resistivity tomography (ERT) to define the buried lithologies and geometry of the sedimentary structures. The study area is localized on the Solent estuarine system at the southern margin of the Hampshire Basin (Fareham, England), an elongated asymmetrical downwarp with mainly Tertiary deposition. The Lower Cretaceous Wealden Beds, which consist of freshwater marls and estuarine/shallow marine shales, are the oldest outcropping strata. These beds are overlain by Lower Greensand and shallow marine clays and sands of the Albian Gault and Upper Greensand. The actual Solent Sy stem is the result of the middle section of the Holocene ‘Solent River’ system, a lowland riverine system which,
during the Pleistocene, integrated all the consequent rivers of the basin and formed one of the major tributaries of the English Channel (British Geological Survey, 2017). The shallow zone is characterized by several river terrace order. River terrace sequences are important frameworks for archeological and geotechnical engineering purposes. Our area named ‘Chilling’ is located near to Fareham town and it presents only terrace of 2 order (Briant et al., 2012). The 2 order terrace outcrops the Bracklsham Group. The Bracklesham Group consists of four geological formations: Wittering, Earnley, Marsh Farm and Selsey (Curry et al., 1977). The sediments are mostly sands and silts and are rapidly eroded when exposed to tidal action. We carried out N.6 electrical resistivity / IP survey acquired with sea-land geometry and so we processed the coupled datase

Nove vrtne technologie - vŕtanie hlbokých vrtov na vrtných supravach bez rotacneho stola Je jasne, že pocas posledných desiatich rokov sa hlbinne vŕtanie bez rotacneho stola stalo dominantnou metodou na morských vrtných plosinach pri vŕtani prieskumných a ťažobných sond na uhľovodiky. Odkedy boli tieto jednotky vyvinute rozsirili sa po celom svete. Vacsina týchto systemov bola instalovana na mori. Je vsak zaujimave, že aj vrtný priemysel na pevnine sa v sucastnosti dostava do stadia adaptacie tejto technologie. Dnes je vrtne zariadenie bez rotacneho stola vitalnou sucasťou vrtneho procesu. Ku klasickemu vŕtaniu bez rotacneho stola firmy Maritime Hydraulics bola vyvinuta prenosna verzia Portable Top Drive (PTD). Zariadenie je kompaktne, mobilne a prisposobive pri prenose z jednej vrtnej veže na druhu. Cieľom tohoto clanku je poskytnuť najnovsie poznatky o technologii Top Drive - vŕtania bez rotacneho stola.

The lower Ebro is a bedrock-alluvial mixed incised valley with a persistent degradational stacking architecture developed from latest Serravallian(?) to Holocene. This degradational pattern was probably controlled by isostatic rebound in NE Iberia and punctuated by major relative sea level changes that temporally accentuated or attenuated the palaeovalley entrenchment and sediment retention. Six allostratigraphic units in the palaeovalley constitute the onshore record of its evolution and the opening and connection of the Ebro Basin with the Mediterranean. This paper deals with the analysis and reinterpretation of these units in order to precise the sequence of events that took place on the onshore part of the Catalan continental margin during the Ebro River drainage entrenchment. Plausible chronology and palaeogeographic evolution of the Neogene-Quaternary drainage incision in the lower Ebro are also proposed. The early evolutionary stages of the incised palaeovalley (Latest Serrav...

Accurate formation pore pressure prediction is the most important requirement for safe and effective drilling. It essentially contributes to the reduction of drilling risks and provides cost-effective drilling of wells. Even though there are methods that rely on well logs, seismic data and effective stress models to predict pore pressure, there is no model available for real-time pore pressure prediction ahead of the bit. This study explains how to design and apply a steady-state Kalman filter to predict real-time formation pore pressure optimally by combining outputs from both Eaton's model and from Logging While Drilling (LWD). The objectives of this study are to minimize the noise on pore pressure predicted from well logs (or LWD) measurements and to compute the next estimate of pore pressure ahead of bit using only the most recent measurement. Data obtained from well logs usually have noise measurements. The noise measurements lead to changes of the results acquired from well logs. Therefore, uncertainties occur on the estimated pore pressure. The designed Kalman filter is a recursive data processing algorithm to produce optimal estimate of pore pressure ahead of the drill bit. The estimates tend to be more refined than those based on measurements from well logs alone. First, Eaton's method, which is one of the most widely used pore pressure prediction methods, was modeled and represented in the state-space form required for Kalman Filter modeling. Parameters used in the Kalman Filter algorithm were also identified in state-space form. A computer code to implement the designed Kalman filter algorithm has been developed. Additionally, field data were used to evaluate the performance of the proposed algorithm. Based on the results, it is concluded that Kalman filter can be a very effective tool for detecting overpressure zones to avoid drilling problems before entering such zones. The most important achievement is that the developed algorithm can be used as a design tool in offshore and onshore drilling operations along with real-time LWD data to optimally estimate the formation pore pressure of the next interval ahead of the bit during the drilling operation.