Open Source Software

This paper describes the design and implementation of interactive sound installations using open source software. Aimed at encouraging an audience of non-musicians to explore electronic sounds, the features identified as the key elements in their design were robustness and responsiveness: an interface that is reliable, intuitive and easy to learn, and yields rich and interesting sounds. The main method of achieving this aim was using a single sensor as an input device and mapping the input data in multiple, concurrent ways to sound generation and manipulation parameters.

Researchers have had great success using motion capture tools for controlling avatars in virtual worlds. Another current of virtual reality research has focused on building collaborative environments connected by networks. The present paper combines these tendencies to describe an open source software system that uses motion capture tools as input devices for realtime collaborative virtual environments. Important applications of our system lie in the realm of simulating interactive, multiparticipant physical activities like sport and dance. Several challenges and their respective solutions are outlined. First, we describe the infrastructure necessary to handle full-body articulated avatars as driven by motion capture equipment, including calibration and avatar creation. Next, we outline the PC cluster solution chosen to render our worlds, exploring methods of data sharing and synchronization, both within the PC cluster nodes and between different sites in the distributed system. Finally, virtual sports require physics, and we describe the simulation algorithms used.

1. ABSTRACT Space situational awareness (SSA) is an essential and integral piece of space operations. Although the U.S. military's Space Surveillance Network (SSN) is currently the single best source of SSA in the world, it does not provide the level of SSA currently needed to support space operations. The lack of geographical sensor distribution and coverage outside of the continental U.S., particularly in the Southern Hemisphere, is a significant limitation of the SSN. There exist a large number of individual sensors across the globe and smaller sensor networks which already provide some level of SSA data to various users, and could also provide data to support the U.S. need for SSA. These sensors are being developed for a variety of missions, including space surveillance, missile warning, missile defense and testing, and scientific applications. This paper summarizes the work currently underway as a joint project by the Secure World Foundation and the Center for International...

Sun Microsystems Chief Financial Officer (CFO), Steve McGowan commented, “We achieved impressive operational improvements in fiscal 2005 . . . our 16th consecutive year of generating positive cash flow from operations.” Sun Microsystems employees, investors and analysts recognized that Bill Gates had helped out last year. But what explained this year? Perhaps Sun was righting itself?
“Putting our cash to work, we’ve expanded our product portfolio and announced plans to acquire companies that deepen and broaden our systems strategy. We’ve maintained our R&D commitment and delivered crown jewels like Solaris 10 to the market,” said Scott McNealy, chairman and chief executive officer (CEO) of Sun Microsystems. “Big-time progress in FY05. The company is now in a position to take advantage of the investments we have made over the past few years and we believe there is more to come in FY06.”
McNealy continued, “Our demand indicators for Q4 were positive. We have great partners, lots of cash, and a strong team across the board. FY05 was a year of stabilized revenue and earnings. Our opportunity for FY06 is sustained growth and profitability.”
“Profitability?” was the incredulous reaction of many who had followed Sun’s struggle.

This paper presents a system that translates the captured or recorded melody into musical notations automatically and instantly into a developed stave whereby a musician can compose music directly without any extra process or procedure, in real-time environments. In this translating system, the frequency of a captured or recorded melody is first analyzed through a microphone or musical instrument for its fundamental frequency. The analyzed fundamental frequency is then compared with the predefined frequency of musical notes. The matched musical note frequency will be distinguished at the developed musical stave interface instantly. This developed system can facilitate a composer in automatically translate his melody to musical notes without having to manually writing it down based on the melody he plays.

Open source and free software products have challenged established licensing models for many types of mass market software products. Especially markets in operating systems, development tools, web servers and databases have significant open source and free software products. A software company that wishes to benefit from the nontechnical innovations in open source and free software licenses has to carefully study the markets and characteristics of different open source licensing models. This article contains a preliminary evaluation of several frequently used open source licenses and licensing models from the perspective of a company developing mass market software products for competitive markets. Comparing them to commercial licensing models, the article aims to explain when and how open source licenses make economic sense.

There is a lack of good pseudo-random number generators capable of utilizing the vector processing capabilities and multiprocessing capabilities of modern computers. A suitable generator must have a feedback path long enough to fit the vector length or permit multiple instances with different parameter sets. The risk that multiple random streams from identical generators have overlapping subsequences can be eliminated by combining two different generators. Combining two generators can also increase randomness by remedying weaknesses caused by the need for mathematical tractability. Larger applications need higher precision. The article discusses hitherto ignored imprecisions caused by quantization errors in the application of generators with prime modulus and when generating uniformly distributed integers with an arbitrary interval length.
A C++ software package that overcomes all these problems is offered. The RANVEC1 code combines a Mersenne Twister variant and a multiply-with-carry generator to produce vector output. It is suitable for processors with vector sizes up to 512 bits.
Some theorists have argued that there is no theoretical proof that the streams from different generators are statistically independent. The article contends that the request for such a proof misunderstands the nature of the problem, and that the mathematical tractability that would allow such a proof would also defeat it. This calls for a more fundamental philosophical discussion of the status of proofs in relation to deterministic pseudo-random sequences.

This study presents findings from an empirical study directed at understanding the roles, forms, and consequences arising in requirements within open source software development efforts. Four open source software development communities are described, examined, and compared to help discover what these differences may be. At least two dozen kinds of software informalisms are found to play a critical role in the elicitation, analysis, specification, validation, and management of requirements for developing open source software systems. Subsequently, understanding the roles these software informalisms take in a new formulation of the requirements development process for open source software is the focus of this study. This focus enables considering a reformulation of the requirements engineering process and its associated artifacts or (in)formalisms to better account for the requirements for developing open source software systems.

Scholarship utilizing the Generative Justice framework has focused primarily on qualitative data collection and analysis for its insights. This paper introduces a quantitative data measurement, contributory diversity, which can be used to enhance the analysis of ethical dimensions of value production under the Generative Justice lens. It is well known that the identity of contributors-gender, ethnicity, and other categories-is a key issue for social justice in general. Using the example of Open Source Software communities, we note that that typical diversity measures, focusing exclusively on workforce demographics, can fail to fully illuminate issues in value generation. Using Shannon's entropy measure, we offer an alternative metric which combines the traditional assessment of demographics with a measure

Obesity among children around the world has now reached an alarming level. Obesity affects one out of every ten children or teenagers all over the world. Parents should be the one responsible for their children well-being. With the advent of mobile technology, various mobile app have been developed to help people to manage their daily lives. This paper discusses on the development and evaluation of the Body Mass Index (BMI) Percentile Monitor, a mobile app for monitoring children's obesity status by parents. The results of the evaluation indicated that the parents highly rated the application in terms of usefulness, ease of use, hedonic motivation, outcome/future Use and satisfaction.

Research Objectives: The purpose of this paper is to provide a roadmap and guidelines for the design of a digital library of theses and dissertations in Libyan universities. Building such a digital library is expected to improve the current state of research activities in Libyan universities and satisfying users' needs and requirements. This paper is expected also to create awareness among policy makers in Libyan universities towards the use and implementation of information technology in the academic environment. Methodology/ Approach: A system design approach is to be used for the design of the proposed digital library. This approach can be defined as the planning of the procedures to be used in an experimental study. In this approach, each phase consists of a number of stages, each stage is subdivided into steps and each step further contains a series of tasks. Consequently, the total work is broken down into manageable portions. This approach can even be applied to recognize if a specific plan achieves a preferred goal.

Open source web applications are really taking over major businesses. The main inspiration claimed for these applications are security, popularity, and availability. In this work, Static analysis of the source code of multiple open-source web applications is performed in order to investigate the security vulnerabilities of these applications. The applications and static analysis tools are selected from open source community based on defined criteria of a number of downloads per week and user reviews. The results achieved are validated through both manual and automated inspections. It was found that most of the open source applications suffer from security issues and common vulnerabilities such as Cross-Site Scripting (XSS), access-modifiers and HTTP response splitting. After a detailed analysis of the results of different open source applications, the root causes identified were lack of programming experience, usage of customized programming constructs, instead of built-in constructs and lack of coding standards.

Now becoming a software developer is my challenge cause, last night my mom threw me a challenge and told me that you couldn't be a software developer without programming degree after hearing my mom's reproach, I ask myself and start searching for How do I become a Software Developer without having any programming degree? besides on software development relevant question and answers :

1. How do I become a Software Developer? :

2. How does others are becoming a software developer without any degree?

3. Why isn't possible to me to become a software developer without knowing any programming language?

4. How is it possible to become a software developer without any programming degree?

5. What's the ultimate guide to learn software development?

Here is the interesting fact is my first search term was the ultimate guide to learn software development for zero coders and I found a properly optimized SEO content in programming and thereafter I drive myself towards to the Software Developers through to becoming a successful web developer after that I completely entered myself into the software developers world, Where the developer cum author recorded his learned lessons as:

I said that, it needs a proper planning to learn anything. Thus I will try to provide you advice from my real life experience. I think to learn Software Engineering it is better if it is learnt in eight steps:

First step is to select a platform of your own choice.

Such as, learn web application development to build web application.

Learn android application development to build android application.

The majority of the Software Developers are Web Application Developers as there is a great demand of web application. I think Web Application Developer can build their career easily and quickly.

Second Step is to learn programming in a platform of your own choice.

Such as, learn web programming if web application is your choice.

Third step try to solve 5 of your real life problems through application.

I have solved my problems by developing Pension Calculator BD and GPF Calculator BD

Fourth step know all the steps of the Software Development Life Cycle.

Fifth step learn what work to be done in every steps of the Software Development Life Cycle.

Sixth step learn project planning to develop software. I have faced the following problems during learning about Web Development and tried to solve it through Learn Web Development Easily with a project planning

1. What should be learned to be a Web Developer ?

2. Which language shall I need to learn after completing one language ?

3. How much skilled am I in the language that I have learned ?

4. Is there any mistake in my learning ?

5. What should I do to increase my skill ?

6. Am I skilled enough to learn a new language ?

7. Have I become a Web Developer ?

Seventh step create a skilled team to give real look to the project planning and be skilled to manage the team.

Such as- I have created a team to develop Learn Web Development Easily.

Eighth step after completing Software Engineering of a platform do the Software Development of other platform to be a professional Software Engineer.

After reading this software development guidance, I felt happiness and starting trust on me that I can be a software developer without any computer degree.

What have I learned from this software development guideline (programming career guideline) by WDguideline (a site about software engineering and programming languages)?

I learned form there:

1. The guideline for the beginners

2. The importance of programming language

3. Can I build my Career by Learning Programming Languages?

4. How can I Acquire knowledge on Computer Technology?

5. Programming Career

6. What is Internet?

7. What is Server, IP Address?

8. What are Domain, DNS Server and Web Hosting?

9. How Many Kinds of Domain are there?

10. What is Website?

11.What are WWW and http?

12. Can a website be called Software?

13. What is Web Development?

14. Importance of Web Development

15. How's Web Development as a Profession?

16. Who is Called Web Developer?

17. Types of Web Development.

18. Can I Learn So Many Languages?

19. What is Front-End and Back-End of Website?

20. What is Web Design?

21. Where to learn Web Development?

22. What's My Duty before Learning Web Development?

23. How long will it take to learn Web Development?

25. How to become a Front-End Developer without a degree?

26. How to become a Back-End Developer without a degree?

27. Can't Solve some Problems and Errors in Programming?

28. How to become a Full Stack Developer without a degree?

29. How to become a Webmaster?

building career in programming without any programming degree

30. How to Help Learn Web Development Easily to Learn Web Development?

31. What's My Benefit if Skill is tested at Learn Web Development Easily?

32. What is Freelancing?

33. What is Outsourcing?

34. What is Freelance Marketplace?

35. How Does Freelancing Marketplace Make A Profit?

36. How Does Freelancing Marketplace Work?

37. How do I get the freelance marketplace dollars?

38. How to Become a Freelancer?

39. What Should I Know to be a Skilled Freelancer?

40. How to Establish a Company?

41. How to Establish a Web Development Company?

42. What is Programming Language?

43. What is a Program?

44. How does Programming Language Work?

45. What is Software?

46. How Many Kinds of Software?

47. Who is called a Programmer?

48. How to become a Programmer without a degree?

49. How to Learn Programming Language?

50. Who is Called Software Developer?

51. How to become a Software Developer without a degree?

52. How to Learn Software Development?

53. Who is called a Software Engineer?

54. Who is called a Computer Scientist?

55. What is Software Engineering?

56. What is the Importance of Software Engineering?

57. How to become a Software Engineer without a degree?

58. What is the Software Development Life Cycle?

59. To be a skilled Software Engineer, what issues should be emphasized?

60. Software Engineering Seems Difficult

61. What is Hacking?

62. How Does Hacker Hack?

63. Type of Hacker?

64. How Much a Hacker is Skilled?

65. Wrong Idea about Hacker

66. Career of Hackers

67. Advice

All the above 67 chapters have described in details under the nine sections as:

1. For beginners.

2. About web technology.

3. Guideline for beginner web developer.

4. Freelance career guide.

5. How companies made.

6. About programming.

7. About programming career.

8. Software engineering guideline.

9. About hacking.

Is this site about programming career and programming language was helpful to a degree less developer, especially those are willing to learn and want to be a software developer without any degree in computer science?

Of course, It's resourceful and helpful to me cause and I have learned a lot in programming and web development over the above 67 chapters those has helped me to become a complete software developer that's because of I would like to invite you to visit- Programming Career Guideline (English) if you have any thirstiness in software programming.

Author


SEO Consultant Momenul Ahmad founding the owner of The SEO Siri

Momenul Ahmad is the owner of The SEOSiri.com SEO, SEOCopywriting, SMM, SEM, SMO, Marketing, Content Marketer @seosiri, the one who help biz's To Gen Lead & Love Social Networking.Online marketing and advertising expertise famed and named him as an SEO Consultant Momenul Ahmad.

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This paper looks at e-learning initiatives in education in Samoa, focusing on developments at the National University of Samoa (NUS) and the Ministry of Education Sports and Culture (MESC). The main aims of these developments are the provision of access to learning, bridging the technological divide, and the promotion and pursuit of open education resources (OERs) The API Environmental series is an example of collaborative course development by 7 universities to increase access in the Asia Pacific region to online courses in areas identified as having relevance and importance across the region such as environmental studies and disaster management. The NUS CISCO academy funded by a partnership between International telecommunications Union (ITU), UNDP and CISCO was set up as part of CISCO and ITU's LDC initiative to build capacity in least developed countries like Samoa, in an attempt to bridge the digital divide. Developments at MESC include broadcasting lessons for primary schools and the SchoolNet project aimed at providing computers in secondary and primary schools, the development of OERs hosted on a portal and the provision of community access after hours. But perhaps the most viable and prominent of these is our involvement in the Commonwealth of learning developments such as the FLOSS4EduPacific for the promotion of use of open source software, and the advances made within the Virtual university (VUSSC). VUSSC activities include participation in the online course development bootcamps, training in the wiki-educator workshops for NUS staff, and outreach for the Community tele-centres and the SchoolNet centres.

Resumen. Un problema importante que se presenta en sistemas de salud compuesto por muchos efectores es poder interoperar entre ellos manteniendo una persona en forma única en todo el sistema de salud evitando la duplicación de los datos. La utilización de estándares como FHIR con la definición de una arquitectura orientada a servicios es fundamental para lograr un diseño que solucione en forma efectiva el problema. En este trabajo se presenta una propuesta de arquitectura utilizando software open source para permitir la integración de los datos de las personas y la interoperabilidad entre distintos sistemas. El objetivo es la utilización del estándar FHIR para la definición de los componentes que permitan obtener una aplicación que cumple con los requerimientos de un Índice Maestro de Pacientes.

Context Numerous open source software projects are based on volunteers collaboration and require a continuous influx of newcomers for their continuity. Newcomers face barriers that can lead them to give up. These barriers hinder both developers willing to make a single contribution and those willing to become a project member. Objective This study aims to identify and classify the barriers that newcomers face when contributing to Open Source Software projects. Method We conducted a systematic literature review of papers reporting empirical evidence regarding the barriers that newcomers face when contributing to Open Source Software (OSS) projects. We retrieved 291 studies by querying 4 digital libraries. Twenty studies were identified as primary. We performed a backward snowballing approach, and searched for other papers published by the authors of the selected papers to identify potential studies. Then, we used a coding approach inspired by open coding and axial coding procedures f...

Mobility impairments pose an increasing burden on our ageing society, urging researchers and clinicians to invent new assistive technologies and improve medical treatment. However, their efforts are impeded by a gap in our understanding of biological motion. Even though individual branches of neuroscience and biomechanics have produced a wealth of knowledge of the components comprising biological motion, the fundamental question of how the neural, muscular and skeletal systems operate together to produce efficient and purposeful motion remains largely unanswered.

PRECC is a UNIX utility that has been designed to extend the capabilities of the familiar LEX and YACC front-end design and implementation tools. The utility i s a compiler-compiler that takes unlimited lookahead and backtracking, the extended BNF notation, and parametrized grammars with (higher order) meta-parameters to the world of C programming. The generated code is standard ANSI C and is`plug compatible' with LEX-generated lexical analysers prepared for YACC. In contrast to YACC, however, the generated code is modular and thus allows parts of scripts to be compiled separately and linked in incrementally. B u t it remains e cient in practice, and the generated code has run as fast or faster than YACC-generated code in trials with real programming language speci cations.

Peer review is a necessary and essential quality control step for scientific publications but lacks proper incentives. Indeed, the process, which is very costly in terms of time and intellectual investment, not only is not remunerated by the journals but it is also not openly recognized by the academic community as a relevant scientific output for a researcher. Therefore, scientific dissemination is affected in timeliness, quality and fairness. Here, to solve this issue, we propose a blockchain-based incentive system that rewards scientists for peer reviewing other scientists’ work and that builds up trust and reputation. We designed a privacy-oriented protocol of smart contracts called Ants-Review that allows authors to issue a bounty for open anonymous peer reviews on Ethereum. If requirements are met, peer reviews will be accepted and paid by the approver proportionally to their assessed quality. To promote ethical behaviour and inclusiveness the system implements a gamified mech...

<p>The necessity of sustainable development for landscapes has emerged as an important theme in recent decades. Moreover, past landscape reconstruction enables a better understanding of human resilience to climatic and environmental changes in different periods and locations, and illustrates examples of sustainable development in the past. Free and open-source (FOSS) datasets of satellite imagery offer considerable opportunities for landscape heritage stakeholders both for recording and monitoring activities. In this research, a completely FOSS-cloud procedure to enhance the detection of palaeo-landscape features is presented. Sentinel - 2 satellite imagery has been retrieved in the Google Earth Engine dataset collection and analysed through a Python script code realized in Google Colaboratory. A multi-temporal approach has been adopted to investigate the potential of satellite imagery to detect buried features along with Spectral Index (i.e., RGB, False Short Wave Infrared Colour and Bare Soil Index) and Spectral Decomposition analysis (i.e., Hue, Saturation and Value, Tasselled Cap Transformation and Principal Component Analysis). This procedure has been tested in the Po Plain (Northern Italy), chosen because it is characterized by human-landscape interaction since the Mid-Holocene. Thanks to its complex settlement and land-management history, the Po Plain represents an ideal laboratory to assess the potentiality of satellite imagery to enhance riverscapes’ palaeo-features.  The outputs obtained can be visualized directly in the Google Colaboratory browser or downloaded via Google Drive for further graphical applications or spatial analysis. The buried features detected have been checked through the available geomorphological and archaeological literature; published case studies interpreting the occurrence of buried features served as a benchmark to validate the script code developed. This research represents one of the first applications of the GEE Python API in landscape studies. The main advantages of this procedure consist of: i) being FOSS, all the software used here are open-licensed; ii) working in cloud, no powerful hardware is necessary to run the script code; iii) high adaptability, changing the ROI is possible to calculate SI and SD outputs for any area of the world; iv) very basic coding skills are required to adapt the code to a ROI with different environmental characteristics. The development of FOSS-cloud procedures could support the identification, conservation and management of cultural and natural heritage anywhere around the world. In remote areas or where local heritage is threatened as a result of political instability, climate change or other factors, FOSS-cloud protocols can facilitate the application of new scientific methods and enable the dissemination of and access to scientific information.</p>

The Landscape of Artificial Intelligence in Open, Online and Distance Education: Promises and concerns

Editorial

“Only the unknown frightens men. But once a man has faced the unknown, that terror becomes the known.” Antoine de Saint-Exupéry, 1939.

How to Cite
Sharma, R. C., Kawachi, P., & Bozkurt, A. (2019). The Landscape of Artificial Intelligence in Open, Online and Distance Education: Promises and concerns. Asian Journal of Distance Education, 14(2), 1-2. Retrieved from http://www.asianjde.org/ojs/index.php/AsianJDE/article/view/432

Open Source Software (OSS) Projects are gaining popularity these days, and they become alternatives in building software system. Despite many failures in these projects, there are some success stories with one of the identified success factors is modularity. This paper presents the first quantitative software metrics to measure modularity level of Java-based OSS Projects called Modularity Index. This software metrics is formulated by analyzing modularity traits such as size, complexity, cohesion, and coupling of 59 Java-based OSS Projects from sourceforge.net using SONAR tool. These OSS Projects are selected since they have been downloaded more than 100K times and believed to have the required modularity trait to be successful. The software metrics related to modularity in class, package and system level of these projects are extracted and analyzed. The similarities found are then analyzed to determine the class quality, package quality, and then combined with system architecture measure to formulate the Modularity Index. The case study of measuring Modularity Index during the evolution of JFreeChart project has shown that this software metrics is able to identify strengths and potential problems of the project.

Software plays an ever increasing role in the critical infrastructures that run our cities, manage our economies, and defend our nations. In 1999, the Presidents Information Technology Advisory Committee (PITAC) reported to the United States President the need for software components that are reliable, tested, modelled and secure supporting the development of predictably reliable and secure systems that underscore our critical infrastructures. Open source software (OSS) constitutes a viable source for software components. Some believe that OSS is more reliable and more secure than closed source software (CSS)-due to a phenomenon dubbed 'many eyeballs'-but is this truly the case? Or does OSS give the cyber criminal an edge that he would likewise not have? In this paper, we explore OSS from the perspective of the cyber criminal and discuss what the community of software developers and users alike can do to increase their trust in both open source software and closed source software.

The long-awaiting freedom in the Software industry was installed by Richard Stallman. No sooner, the giants of Software developers, Microsoft and others embraced this freedom, though without a suicide on their business ventures. This development established a dichotomy called Free and Open Source software (FOSS) and Proprietary Software (PS) in the industry. While there are many authors that have compared the two software types, yet literature showed that no research has made such comparison considering the average user rating of the software nor has advanced statistical approach been utilized. This research used a statistical tool called Double Sampling for Stratification to estimate the mean and total of average user rating and the corresponding variance of the estimate both for the FOSS and PS. This method considers the survey cost to make estimation. Data were randomly collected from two largest online software repositories www.sourceforge.net (for FOSS) and www.download.com (for PS). The estimated mean showed that FOSS (4.6) is highly rated than PS (3.6) and the optimum Variance comparison established that FOSS is more efficient than PS from the average user ratings perspective. The Coefficient of variation gave the quality (precision) of estimated average user rating in FOSS over PS. The numerical efficiency, as revealed by relative efficiency, showed that FOSS is approximately 11 (eleven) times efficient over PS. Recommendations were, further, documented for software repositories and users.

A cloud OS is a simplified Operating System that runs in web browser, providing access to a variety of web based applications that allow the user to perform many simple tasks without booting a full-scale operating system. In this paper we will make a study on the function of cloud OS and a brif survey of cloud OS.

This paper shows how agent-based modelling technique is a suitable approach for social scientists to model complex adaptive systems , using computer as experimental environment. Unfortunately advanced tools are lacking as well as an unified language supporting its development. We present JAS, a new agent-based simulation tool, developed with the aim to improve AB models designing. We give a brief methodological introduction to its use and a short description of its architecture.

This business case demonstrates how the implementation of the open source web content management system (WCMS) Joomla will help to address the current business goals and needs of the Australia Institute (TAI).  In addition the business case outlines the benefits and value of adopting an open source solution, makes recommendations and justifies investment in WCMS.  Its also addresses some of the challenges and issues associated with the implementation and ongoing maintenance of a WCMS.  This business case does not cover any financial cost benefit analysis of adopting a WCMS.  It is assumed that such analysis would be carried out after general support for the implementation of this technology is obtained.

DETECCIÓN DE ROSTROS EN IMAGENES, CON Python y "opencv". Es sabido que una de las posibilidades que nos ofrece la librería "opencv" es la de detectar distintos tipos de elementos en una imagen, vídeo, grabación.., mediante el uso de clasificadores, los cuales, consisten, basicamente en archivos "xml", que contienen el dataset que se encargará de ir analizando cada región de la imagen, y determinando (mediante sucesivas pruebas) si la información de dicha región se corresponde con el elemento a detectar. Así, existen, ya creados, clasificadores, diseñados específicamente, para detectar elementos muy variados (personas, ojos, manos, vehículos, matriculas, animales…etc). En esta ocasión vamos a aplicar un clasificador orientado a la detección de rostros humanos en una imagen, el cual aplicaremos sobre un archivo llamado "abba.png", que mostramos a continuación:

Open Source Software (OSS) Projects are gaining popularity these days, and they become alternatives in building software system. Despite many failures in these projects, there are some success stories with one of the identified success factors is modularity. This paper presents the first quantitative software metrics to measure modularity level of Java-based OSS Projects called Modularity Index. This software metrics is formulated by analyzing modularity traits such as size, complexity, cohesion, and coupling of 59 Java-based OSS Projects from sourceforge.net using SONAR tool. These OSS Projects are selected since they have been downloaded more than 100K times and believed to have the required modularity trait to be successful. The software metrics related to modularity in class, package and system level of these projects are extracted and analyzed. The similarities found are then analyzed to determine the class quality, package quality, and then combined with system architecture measure to formulate the Modularity Index. The case study of measuring Modularity Index during the evolution of JFreeChart project has shown that this software metrics is able to identify strengths and potential problems of the project.

This conceptual note deals with how Linux (and particularly Linux kernel development) is a fascinating case study of collaborative intelligence, how it incorporates elements of biological evolution and its sociological impacts on us not as just users of technology but as elements of a complex social structure.

I’ve always been fascinated by the Linux operating system. It was in 2001 that I first laid eyes on Red Hat Linux (it was version 6 if I remember correctly) and since then the obsession has grown. I learnt about installing, operating and tweaking distributions of Linux to suit my own needs. I soon had dual-booted my own machine with Windows and Linux. Today in 2014, I can safely say that I know why I was so fascinated by it. The concept that software can be free had an innately attractive ring to it. Today my fascination with Linux is not just limited to the distribution (any “flavor” of Linux can be called a distribution) but the FOSS movement. FOSS stands for Free and open Source Software.

Instruction execution pipeline is a key part of computer architecture. This paper discusses and
explains our implementation of a generalised graphical simulator to understand the working
of an instruction pipeline. We also analyse and compare the advantages and disadvantages of
different staged pipelines.

The present paper deals with the Information sources and services in the era of globalisation. Globalisation has enormous impacts on all the aspects of human life. In the present day world with the help of ICT (Information and communication technology), information sources and services have really reached everybody's doorstep. With the help of ICT digital libraries and institutional repositories are available at the click of the mouse. The paper also deals with the open source software for the development of institutional repositories such as Greenstone, Dspace, Fedora and Eprints Archive Software which are easily and freely available for the help of library professionals and end users.

Community-based Open Source Software (OSS) projects are usually self-organized and dynamic, receiving contributions from distributed volunteers. These communities' survival, long-term success, and continuity demand a constant influx of newcomers. However, newcomers face many barriers when making their first contribution to an OSS project, leading in many cases to dropouts. Therefore, a major challenge for OSS projects is to provide ways to support newcomers during their first contribution. In this paper, our goal was to evaluate how the newcomers' perceived efficacy is influenced by the use of an environment that organizes the project information for developers who want to place their first contribution to an OSS project. To accomplish this goal, we created FLOSScoach, a portal aiming to support newcomers to OSS projects, which was implemented based on a model of barriers proposed in previous research. Then, we conducted a study, in which 46 students, split in case and control group, were asked to contribute to an OSS project. We assessed the newcomers' self-efficacy by conducting a questionnaire before and after the assignment. We found that presenting the information according to the model of barriers had a positive influence on newcomers' self-efficacy, empowered the newcomers, making them more confident and comfortable during the contribution process. However, there is also some indication that FLOSScoach did not lower the technical barriers.

We present the ALPS (Algorithms and Libraries for Physics Simulations) project, an international open source software project to develop libraries and application programs for the simulation of strongly correlated quantum lattice models such as quantum magnets, lattice bosons, and strongly correlated fermion systems. Development is centered on common XML and binary data formats, on libraries to simplify and speed up code development, and on full-featured simulation programs. The programs enable non-experts to start carrying out numerical simulations by providing basic implementations of the important algorithms for quantum lattice models: classical and quantum Monte Carlo (QMC) using non-local updates, extended ensemble simulations, exact and full diagonalization (ED), as well as the density matrix renormalization group (DMRG). The software is available from our web server at http://alps.comp-phys.org/.

"It is the contention of this paper that posthuman creativity is already taking place, rather than solely existing in the domain of a biomechanical cyberpunk dream. Manifesting work in both cyberspace and meatspace, the posthuman in this case understood to be someone who embraces digital creative technologies (both hardware and software), taking advantage of the artistic opportunities they afford.

The effects of Moore's law over the last two decades has led to a profuse amount of cheap and obsolete computer equipment, both open and closed system. These castaway gadgets have become an abundant raw material, sparking the burgeoning movement of creative hardware hackers.

The internet has enabled the creative subversion of technology, through the dissemination of new creative tools and techniques. Closed video games consoles are been repurposed into new expressive platforms and tools. Indeed, the retro video gaming movement has grown beyond the digital domain, bringing pixels to oil painting to and the new flesh to performance art.

The posthuman aesthetic conceived in science fiction and nurtured online is now very real and tangible."

Purpose -The paper has three purposes: the first is to provide a deeper understanding of the ideology and work practices of free and open source software development, the second to characterize the free software movement as a new type of computerization movement and the third to present a conceptual diagram and framework with an analysis showing how the free software computerization movement has evolved into an occupational community. Design/methodology/approach -Qualitative data were collected over a four year period using a virtual ethnography in a study of free and open source software development and, in particular, a study of a free software community, GNUenterprise, located at www.gnuenterprise.org, which has the goal of developing a free enterprise resource planning software system. Findings -It is concluded that the ideology of the free software movement continues to be one of the factors which mobilize people to contribute to free and open source software development. This movement represents a new type of computerization movement which promotes the investment of time in learning a new software development process instead of investment of money in the acquisition and use of new technology.

A low-cost data logging platform is presented that provides long-term operation in remote or submerged environments. Three premade " breakout boards " from the open-source Arduino ecosystem are assembled into the core of the data logger. Power optimization techniques are presented which extend the operational life of this module-based design to >1 year on three alkaline AA batteries. Robust underwater housings are constructed for these loggers using PVC fittings. Both the logging platform and the enclosures, are easy to build and modify without specialized tools or a significant background in electronics. This combination turns the Cave Pearl data logger into a generalized prototyping system and this design flexibility is demonstrated with two field studies recording drip rates in a cave and water flow in a flooded cave system. This paper describes a complete DIY solution, suitable for a wide range of challenging deployment conditions.

'Open Source' is a 20 Á/40 year old approach to licensing and distributing software that has recently burst into public view. Against conventional wisdom this approach has been wildly successful in the general software market */probably because the openness lets programmers the world over obtain, critique, use, and build upon the source code without licensing fees. Linux, a UNIX-like operating system, is the best known success. But computer scientists at the University of California, Berkeley began the tradition of software sharing in the mid 1970s with BSD UNIX and distributed the major internet network protocols as source code without a fee. Medical informatics has its own history of Open Source distribution: Massachusetts General's COSTAR and the Veterans Administration's VISTA software have been distributed as source code at no cost for decades. Bioinformatics, our sister field, has embraced the Open Source movement and developed rich libraries of open-source software. Open Source has now gained a tiny foothold in health care (OSCAR GEHR, OpenEMed). Medical informatics researchers and funding agencies should support and nurture this movement. In a world where open-source modules were integrated into operational health care systems, informatics researchers would have real world niches into which they could engraft and test their software inventions. This could produce a burst of innovation that would help solve the many problems of the health care system. We at the Regenstrief Institute are doing our part by moving all of our development to the open-source model.

A Fortran90 program for the determination of the Wulff construction, starting solely from the directions of the bounding facets (defined by the user), is presented. SOWOS stands for solid of Wulff open source, and the program is distributed freely with no charge to the user, being readily available to the community for immediate use. Its simple algorithm (which will be explained) allows the determination of complex solids with hundreds of facets in just seconds on any machine, requiring only a small amount of memory. It is able to determine even the smallest facets and shortest edges and to distinguish almost adjacent vertices. The output files give a complete range of information about the structure: the coordinates of the vertices and the facets common to them, the extension of the facets and bounding vertices, and the length of the edges and extreme vertices. These details enable the reconstruction of the shape in any other (commercial) software for further processing. Visualization is straightfor-ward via the free program gnuplot. A feature for the creation of cubic crystal atomistic models of the resultant solids is included. The program may be a useful tool for crystallography, nanostructures and any other field where crystal facets are involved.