Parking Space

Working with the premise that traffic and road congestion is an inevitable outcome of economic improvement, this paper proposes a One Car Policy which aims to regulate car ownership among households and/or other qualified individuals. As the increasing volume of cars, together with parking lot turned parking spaces cause roads to be clogged, this proposed One Car Policy recommends the imposition of tax on the purchase of second and succeeding cars, the requirement of parking space in owning a vehicle, and the conferment of incentives for individuals who observe carpooling. These three foregoing provisions of the proposed One Car Policy, joined together, exert strong pressures to the behavior and decision of individuals toward the acquisition of vehicles through giving incentives and disincentives on car ownership and use. And hence, basing from experience of other countries, this proposed One Car Policy boasts its feasibility and effectiveness.

The main objective of the field visit is to study about financial management, human resources management and general management of the parking area located in the Pashupatinath area. Field visit is schedule to collect general information of elderly homes and Shankaracharya Muth. Another objective of the visit is to practice participative observation and interview in the field. During a visit, the methodological advantage of the participative observation and interview
is analyze in the given context and  time to get an insight of participative observation and interactive interview.

E-BUSINESS STARTUP: SPOT PARKING SMART MOBILE PARKING SYSTEM
Gilang Marhadian
Management and Information System, School of Business Management, Universitas Bina Nusantara
marhadiangilang@gmail.com

ABSTRACT
Economic growth in Indonesia especially in Special Capital Region Jakarta incites growth of vehicles caused by needs of transportation by more and more dynamic lifestyle of its people. One of the impact by increasing usage of vehicle is parking space availability. With limitation of information and scarcity of parking space available, the people will be find difficulties to park their vehicle. The objectives of this research is to create solution with business idea and to analyze the business idea will be feasible or not using five forces porter and consumer behavior, determine SPOT PARKING business model using business model canvas, and develop Android mobile application. Research method that used to analyze SPOT PARKING business opportunity is five forces porter, designing business plan using business model canvas, and designing application system that using analysis and design object oriented through SDLC approach. Result from five forces porter analysis shows that SPOT PARKING enter an attractive industry. While the conclusion from analysis that using business model canvas generate prototype system with features, such as register, login, auto search and reservation (one-click service), search location, reservation, activity and top up.
Keyword: Transportation, Parking, five porter forces, business model canvas, system development, android application, reservation

ABSTRAK

Pertumbuhan ekonomi di Indonesia dapat dirasakan dampaknya khususnya di Ibukota DKI Jakarta memicu perkembangan jumlah kendaraan pribadi dikarenakan kebutuhan transportasi masyarakatnya yang semakin dinamis. Salah satu kebutuhan yang meningkat dari perkembangan jumlah kendaraan adalah kebutuhan akan lahan parkir. Namun, dengan terbatasnya informasi dan ketersediaan lahan parkir membuat pengguna kendaraan parkir menemui kesulitan untuk memarkirkan kendaaraanya. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk menciptakan solusi dengan ide bisnis serta menentukan kelayakan jika ide bisnis ini diimplementasi dengan melakukan analisis peluang bisnis menggunakan analisis lima kekuatan porter dan perilaku konsumen, menentukan model bisnis SPOT PARKING dengan menggunakan business model canvas, dan mengembangkan sistem aplikasi berbasis android. Metode penelitian yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini dengan melakukan analisis peluang bisnis yang menggunakan analisis lima kekuatan porter, perancangan rencana bisnis menggunakan business model canvas, dan perancangan sistem aplikasi dengan menggunakan analisis dan perancangan berorientasi objek melalui pendekatan SDLC. Hasil yang didapat dari analisis lima kekuatan porter dan perilaku konsumen menunjukkan bahwa e-business startup SPOT PARKING berada pada industri atraktif. sementara simpulan dari analisis yang menggunakan business model canvas menghasilkan sistem prototype dengan fitur, antara lain register, login, auto search and reservation (one-click service), search location, reservation, activity dan top up,

Makalah ini berisi mengenai metodologi penelitian dengan mengambil studi kasus pada lahan parkir fakultas teknik di Universitas Syiah Kuala. Terkhusus untuk penataan lahan parkir sepeda motor yang tidak jelas batasan parkir sehingga pengguna sepeda motor sering kali memarkirkan motornya sembarangan yang mengakibatkan tatanan parkir tidak rapi.

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This paper contains a research methodology by taking a case study in the parking area of ​​engineering faculty  at Syiah Kuala University. Especially for the arrangement of motorcycle parking lots that are not clear parking restrictions so that motorcycle users often parked their motorcycles carelessly which resulted in an untidy parking order.

I filed and served the above document today on landlord's attorney, one Jeff S. Bennett, Esq. who served the subject Motion to Dismiss (MTD) on me yesterday afternoon by email. The more he lags, the faster I get. In it you will find a summary of current Oregon law addressing common landlord-tenant issues as they apply to MOBILE HOME OWNERS on someone else's land, in this case the land is owned by a corporation and that corporation employs various minions each of whom does some compartmentalized task. All is well until there is a breach, then it becomes and adventure "through the looking glass" to get any human being to communicate in a meaningful way with this legally deaf tenant. The dialogue between is colorful and informative as this is not a typical eviction suit, in fact there is no eviction or defect to be corrected at this point, I only seek to prevent future harm. Defendant seeks attorneys' fees, of course!

One of the primary stressful conditions in town facilities is looking for a parking place. In this study, we come up with a completely unique approach for parking slot identification based mostly on an image processing method that would capture and device the image to discover empty parking regions. After that, the output can be supplied on a console. This system will lessen down the time it takes to find available parking spots and reduce beneficial aid waste. The proposed system aids withinside the counting of parked motors and identifying the extensive style of available parking regions. Instead of the usage of electronic sensors buried withinside the floors, the era uses photographs to stumble on autos. In the automobile parking zone, a virtual digital camera is installed in a high, steady location. As a reference, a photo of an empty parking lot is taken, followed with the resource of the usage of an image of a parking lot with cars. To calculate the extensive style of parking regions available, dispose of every photograph. Software and hardware systems have been used to grow the cautioned system.

Parking space is required to store vehicles when they are not in use, all motor vehicle trips terminate eventually at some form of parking facility. The use of car by students as a primary mode for commuting to and from campus has profound effects on campus parking requirement. The aim of this study is to recognize the impact of different parking space dimension on parking maneuver time

For any new residential development scheme the provision of car parking space plays a fundamental role.
To improve the quality and sustainability of a development, carefully designing the street layouts and parking
is one of the important criteria. In the United Kingdom, it is a common practice that the majority of
new residential development schemes provide on-street car parking. Traditionally, these on-street parking
spaces should be considered as the additional number of car parking spaces for residents who might
already have their individual household car parking space/s, for example as garage, off-street driveway or
as a designated group parking area on private road.
However, on majority situations, these garages with ’minimum’ width are so inadequately designed that
even to get on and off as a driver by only opening the driver side’s door becomes very difficult. e house
with such a garage forces the vehicle owner/s to park their car/s in alternative parking spaces; i.e., on-street.
However, while providing such on-street parking space the layout designer/planner uses minimum street
width that can accommodate car parking only on one side of the street instead of on both sides. If the
car ownership number per household for that particular area is low then this one-sided on-street parking
space could accommodate the required number of car parking spaces. Conversely, on majority of cases
this does not fulfil the minimum number. e residents as well as visitors start parking their car on the
side walkways (footpaths); i.e., they start parking on the kerbside; hence, blocking the footpath spaces.
Few local authorities in the United Kingdom have detail residential parking standards specified for the
number of parking space required for a proposed new residential development scheme. ese standards
are in terms of the total number of parking spaces in proportion to the total number of housing units in the
master plan. In addition, for a very few number of local authorities in the United Kingdom, there are specifications
for the minimum size (length and width) of the garage or parking bay specified for the residential
neighbourhood. However, for the majority of local authorities, the maximum parking requirement for the
new residential development is described as ratio 1:1 or 1:1.5 only; i.e., the number of parking spaces to
the number of household units, depending on the number of bed rooms for each household. In practice,
to meet these maximum parking requirements sometimes it is easy to produce the master plan that could
display the adequate number of parking spaces in layout but in reality, many of those designed car parking
spaces are not useable; it is difficult to get out of the car because there is not enough space inside the garage
to open the door. As a result, the total feasible parking spaces available to the occupier are reduced from
the number of parking spaces originally proposed and later constructed.
In situation where vehicle owners are habituated by parking their car on the kerbside obstructing
and even sometimes ignoring the other road users such as pedestrians, cyclists, mothers with pushchairs,
people with scooters, moped or wheelchairs who have walking disabilities, etc.; then the question arises
whether the quality of life of those residents, who are living in such a newly developed residential neighbourhood,
are affected or not? Ultimately, the quality of life by living such a built environment is affected.
e quality of life for those residents is accommodating this car driver’s behaviour by sacrificing their freedom
of accessing their natural rights to enjoy their neighbourhood’s street life.
Residents complain about the inadequate parking provision is leading to on-street parking in many
new residential development schemes, even leading to neighbour disputes. Using a case study example,
Milton Keynes, this paper describes this residential car parking situation.

Les espaces de stationnements sont à la fois le lieu d'une fuite du communautaire et du discours critique et un impensé de la recherche sur les théories de l'espace. Cet article propose une courte introduction aux problématiques de l'espace de stationnement en milieu urbain, ainsi que de sa représentation dans le cinéma post-moderne de Joel et Ethan Coen.

Many researches have focused on parking demand to gain information for traffic management recommendations and decision-making where real-world car park statistics is of great importance. This paper seeks to obtain one-day long statistical analysis of a multipurpose off-street parking space in downtown Abu Dhabi, using a single-camera vacancy detection system. The proposed methodology to collect one-day long statistics uses pattern recognition to determine occupancy states based on visual features extracted from parking spots. This vacancy detection system has two major advantages. First, it relies on only few pixels compared with other methods, being able to cover more than 150 parking spots within a single camera frame. Second, the system works well in both nighttime and daytime – robust to changing light conditions. The accuracy is 99.9% for occupied spots and 97.9% for empty spots for this period of study. This study also proposes a better indication of parking demand when the park is near its full capacity, as the utilization rate does not capture the parking demand from the motorists who fail to find parking spaces.

Smart Cities are having lot of challenges and issues to solve while facilitating citizens better place and environment to live. One of such challenges is getting a free parking lot to park the vehicle. In absence of parking rules and regulations or necessary infrastructure, people may park their vehicles at wrong place and or in wrong direction. This can lead to inconvenience to pedestrians, obstacles to moving traffic, traffic jam and similar unwanted problems. This paper has discussed the Software technology and ICT based Smart Parking solution "SmartPark" to avoid such problems. There are various techniques and solutions available for enabling Smart Parking systems, this paper has briefly covered details of some of such solutions as well as proposed the smart parking system based on image processing, Mobile App and Client Server technologies.

Toulouse, Héliport de Toulouse au Marché Parking Victor-Hugo, 1964/ [  Toulouse, Toulouse Heliport at the Victor-Hugo Parking Market, 1964 - Toulouse, helipuerto de Toulouse en el mercado de estacionamiento Victor-Hugo, 1964 -  圖盧茲，圖盧茲直升機場在Victor-Hugo停車場市場上，1964年 ]

Société des Grands Garages-Parkings du Sud-Ouest.

En 1959, sous le mandat de Louis Bazerque,, le marché-parking actuel voit le jour en relation avec l’essor démographique, aéronautique et le tout automobile dans les métropoles françaises. La mairie décide d’adapter ses marchés aux besoins  de place de parking.  Les architectes Pierre Lafitte, Joachim et Pierre Guénard  propose un marché parking héliport, premier parking payant de Toulouse avec plus de 670 places à l’époque.

In 1959, under the mandate of Louis Bazerque, the current parking market was created in connection with the demographic, aeronautical and all-automotive boom in French metropolitan areas. The town hall decides to adapt its markets to the needs of parking space. The architects Pierre Lafitte, Joachim and Pierre Guénard offer a heliport parking market, the first paying car park in Toulouse with more than 670 spaces at the time.

Regard historique sur l’image touristique de Toulouse.
Mirada histórica a la imagen turística de Toulouse.
Historical look at the tourist image of Toulouse.
歷史看圖盧茲的旅遊形象。

Nowadays, in all the cities, there is an acute problem of a lack of parking spaces. The number of vehicles are becoming more and more larger, not only in megacities, but in small cities of the country, as well and there are no more parking places - the pace of solving the problem is several times slower than the rate of the transport growth among the citizens. The article is dedicated to the determination of the optimum sizes parking place for designing vehicles on a parking space, which is an element of the roads. The optimum amount parking places are determined on examples of the passenger cars and trucks. The results of research on dimensioning of parking spaces and recommendations to use the results for design of objects of transportation infrastructure are presented. According to the research, authors included the term "design vehicle" and gave its definition. The authors developed a template for 7 types of design vehicles and their sizes and also recommended sizes fo...

Parking problems are common in most major cities. The limited availability of parking results in traffic congestion, air pollution as well as driver frustration. The price for parking expansion is usually prohibitive or extremely high. Recently researchers turned to apply technologies for efficient parking management. It is realized that this simple invention could be applied to monitor vehicles in parking places can be implemented. In this system, the driver can get the status of the parking slot through the website. The system can then inform drivers of the number of available parking spaces. The system should be performed over the less network-traffic and minimize the database server interruptions maintaining the synchronization in the client data fast and accurate response. The system should apply to large and small areas. The system should provide reliable performance.

The aim of this paper is to study the impacts of bottom-up information provision about on-street parking places on parking dynamics under heterogeneous conditions. Using an agent-based simulation model, performance is compared between a bottom-up vehicle-to-vehicle communication strategy and a strategy that combines parking sensors and vehicle-to-vehicle communication. In the latter approach onstreet parking places are all equipped with sensors capable of disseminating their status. The results show that search time is decreased for informed 'smart' cars, especially under spatially heterogeneous conditions, for the sensor-based strategy. Furthermore, for the case of the sensor-based strategy, the results point out that smart cars outperform regular cars in terms of walking distance under all circumstances. The positive impacts for the vehicle-to-vehicle strategy are limited to walking distance improvements only.

It is the design proposal of studio work during studying master in Tokyo.
For some cities (e.g Sano), it is not good to destroy the physical structure of the city, but it can change the behaviors of human beings through architectural design methodologies, to let people accept this and to create the new connection in the city.

Increased levels of motorization have resulted in an increase of parking demand within urban areas in the Klang Valley, Malaysia. Local authorities need to respond with better parking management methods in order to effect better parking control. This paper illustrates two different parking management systems as operated by two neighbouring local authorities. Users were requested, through a survey, to provide various parking usage characteristics and their perception of the quality of parking service offered. The results showed that the Pay and Display system was more satisfactory than the traditional parking coupon system. Application of better parking management systems, through the use of technology, has not only proved beneficial in terms of increased revenue for the local authorities concerned but has also brought benefits to the users and private parking operators.

Knowing the rhythm of daily life is more important in investigating some travel behaviours of people. Most importantly, improving parking behaviour in urban cities is one an useful characteristics in reducing traffic congestion problems. The aim of this study is to shed light on the parking behaviours for both off and on-street parking in urban areas. The methodology of this study could be summarized by collecting data from sixteen off-street and eight on-street parking facilities within the CBD area in AL-Hillah city. Mainly, the investigated parking characteristics are average turnover, occupancy, duration, purpose of trip, origin and destination. In addition, the type of vehicle parking has been investigated such as parallel, inclined angle and double or single parking style. In fact, the based-data results indicate that parking duration for medical activities has more duration than commercial and other activities. Similarly, the average turnover for medical land use is less than other land uses. Furthermore, it was found that there are a total of 2275 parking spaces in the study area, of which 1296 are in off-street parking spaces. While other spaces 979 are along the streets. Moreover, most on-street parking was illegal (about 68.5%). Finally, the reduction in capacity and speed for streets with on-street parking activities are 20% and 62.5%, respectively.

There are a number of factors to consider when developing new parking lots and modifying existing structures. The present research reports the results of two studies designed to assess perceived problems of parking facilities. In the first study, 319 participants were asked to generate a set of parking facility-related problems from their life experience. These were categorized into different problem categories. The second had participants rate the 30 problem categories. Five main factors were identified (a) Compliance and Visibility, (b) Layout and Design, (c) Safety and Crowding, (d) Difficulties at Access Points and Environment, and (e) Aesthetics. Aspects of each of these factors have implications for improving parking facilities.

Nowadays, in all the cities, there is an acute problem of a lack of parking spaces. The number of vehicles are becoming more and more larger, not only in megacities, but in small cities of the country, as well and there are no more parking places - the pace of solving the problem is several times slower than the rate of the transport growth among the citizens. The article is dedicated to the determination of the optimum sizes parking place for designing vehicles on a parking space, which is an element of the roads. The optimum amount parking places are determined on examples of the passenger cars and trucks. The results of research on dimensioning of parking spaces and recommendations to use the results for design of objects of transportation infrastructure are presented. According to the research, authors included the term "design vehicle" and gave its definition. The authors developed a template for 7 types of design vehicles and their sizes and also recommended sizes fo...

Searching for the parking space is a time-consuming task while visiting for shopping or unknown cities. Real-time parking management gets benefited for the development of the smart city and also reduces time for finding the parking place. In this chapter, different two types of modules for car parking are simulated using a combination of Hough transform, edge detection, and color enhancement method. Different car parking modules are circular shape-based: (i) parallel parking with a different radius and (ii) angle parking with the same radius. Real-time video is captured using an android smartphone with an IP camera. The proposed research work can enhance the solution for real-time parking solution in big malls and theater. Limitation and future scope of this will give motivation toward research work on an intelligent transportation system (ITS) development in India. For small-scale version here, we have used toy cars and bus with a different color for parking modules.

El proyecto tiene como finalidad diseñar un sistema inteligente de parqueo y la implementación de un prototipo de prueba capaz de procesar las señales de video captadas por una cámara IP para el parqueadero de la Facultad de Eléctrica y Electrónica de la Escuela Politécnica Nacional.
Con la realización del prototipo se pretende mostrar que es posible detectar e informar los espacios disponibles en un parqueadero de manera automática mediante procesamiento de señales de video y a su vez llevar un registro para cualquier anomalía, para lograrlo se utilizan las herramientas de MATLAB para el procesamiento digital de señales.

Verkeer dat zoekt naar een straatparkeerplaats levert veel onnodige uitstoot en brandstofverbruik op. Dankzij voertuig-voertuigcommunicatie kunnen auto’s in de nabije toekomst onderling informatie uitwisselen over beschikbare parkeerplaatsen. Welke impact heeft dat op het zoekverkeer? Onderzoekers van de Radboud Universiteit Nijmegen bestudeerden deze onderzoeksvraag met een simulatiemodel.

Knowing the rhythm of daily life is more important in investigating some travel behaviours of people. Most importantly, improving parking behaviour in urban cities is one an useful characteristics in reducing traffic congestion problems. The aim of this study is to shed light on the parking behaviours for both off and on-street parking in urban areas. The methodology of this study could be summarized by collecting data from sixteen off-street and eight on-street parking facilities within the CBD area in AL-Hillah city. Mainly, the investigated parking characteristics are average turnover, occupancy, duration, purpose of trip, origin and destination. In addition, the type of vehicle parking has been investigated such as parallel, inclined angle and double or single parking style. In fact, the based-data results indicate that parking duration for medical activities has more duration than commercial and other activities. Similarly, the average turnover for medical land use is less than other land uses. Furthermore, it was found that there are a total of 2275 parking spaces in the study area, of which 1296 are in off-street parking spaces. While other spaces 979 are along the streets. Moreover, most on-street parking was illegal (about 68.5%). Finally, the reduction in capacity and speed for streets with on-street parking activities are 20% and 62.5%, respectively.

This study proposes a system which provides the parking characteristics and an application service platform. This system can be used to assist in selecting the parking space for drivers. The system can identify the contours of vehicles, such as cars and motorcycles by using the Canny algorithm. The data can be used to create the dataset and calculate the Parking density. Next, we use the k-nearest neighbour (K-NN) algorithm to produce the parking pattern. The model makes predictions for different conditions at different time.