Perceptual Dialectology Research Papers

Language experiments have a long tradition in the field of dialectology to investigate phonological, lexical and syntactic variation. Methodologically, the repertoire ranges from written test procedures to standardized language production... more

Es ist Ende Jänner 2020. Der ORF-Korrespondent in China berichtet gerade über einen neuartigen Virus, der in Wuhan die Runde macht. Er sagt dabei: “das Virus”. Dieser Gebrauch, Artikel das, war für mich merkwürdig, hatte sich damals aber... more

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- by Wim Remysen and +1
  Kristin Reinke
- •
- 5
  Sociolinguistics, Language Variation and Change, Language Planning and Policy, Language and Ideology

In this paper, the results are reported of a perception study conducted in Flanders, the Dutch-speaking part of Belgium. 80 informants were subjected to an interview in which direct language-related questions were asked about intralingual... more

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- by Chloé Lybaert
- •
- 4
  Perception, Perceptual Dialectology, Language Attitudes, Tussentaal

How do Italian women want to be called in different parts of Italy? This paper examines Italian women’s responses when called “signora” and “signorina” in the restaurants of five regions of Italy. Over 300 female respondents in Emilia,... more

This paper presents the results of the first study within a perceptual dialectology framework in the Greek-speaking community in Cyprus. Thirty participants from three age groups of equal size took part in a sociolinguistic interview. As... more

This paper presents the results of the first study within a perceptual dialectology framework in the Greek-speaking community in Cyprus. Thirty participants from three age groups of equal size took part in a sociolinguistic interview. As part of the language module component of the interview, they discussed their beliefs about regional variation in Cyprus and completed the so-called 'draw-a-map task'. All participants were residents of urban areas of Nicosia, the capital of Cyprus. The Greek-speaking community in Cyprus is diglossic: Standard Modern Greek is the High variety, while Cypriot Greek-the mother tongue of Greek Cypriots-is the Low variety. The latter is currently undergoing levelling of marked local basilect features and subvarieties. A quantitative analysis of the maps demonstrates that some areas in Cyprus (mainly in the periphery) have a stronger sociolinguistic salience than others. At the same time, the participants' own way of speaking is perceived as unmarked, neutral and one that enjoys wider acceptance over other regional dialects. This study also shows a clear preference for characterizing a (presumed) dialect area with linguistic characteristics, rather than with evaluative commentary contra many similar studies in the literature and suggests a number of reasons why this may be so. Overall, this research shows how studies on language perception can inform and complement studies on language production in a given community. The participants drew an average of just four regional areas on their maps and viewed the different cities and their districts, or combinations thereof, as the different regional dialect areas they perceive to exist in Cyprus. It is argued in this paper that the small number of areas drawn and the emphasis on urban sites are consistent with regional dialect levelling. Consistent with regional dialect levelling is also the finding that the participants' linguistic description of regional variation, while mainly accurate, is superficial and lacks detail. Interestingly, many of the participants also seem to be well aware of regional dialect levelling in their community. Other studies in the literature do not really discuss speakers' awareness of levelling and this should be further explored in future studies.

Perceptual dialectology is a sub-branch of folk linguistics first systematized by Dennis Preston in the 1980s (e.g. Preston 1989, 1999). Through the technique of mental mapping, borrowed from cultural geography, perceptual dialectologists... more

Perceptual dialectology is a sub-branch of folk linguistics first systematized by Dennis Preston in the 1980s (e.g. Preston 1989, 1999). Through the technique of mental mapping, borrowed from cultural geography, perceptual dialectologists seek to discover the perceived distribution of speeches, populations, and prevailing ideologies. In the Arabic-speaking context, map task experiments were conducted by Theodoropoulou & Tyler (2014) among students at Qatar University, and by Hachimi (2015) among Moroccans of different age, gender, social class and origin, to identify dialect boundaries and labels across the Arabic-speaking world and to understand the underlying ideologies.
This paper discusses lay speakers’ perception of the linguistic boundaries in Egypt, based on a map-drawing experiment submitted to secondary school students, in the Egyptian Oasis of Siwa. Siwa is a Berber enclave situated 50 km away from the Libyan border, where the beginning of mass Arabization dates back to the 1980s and whose geographical and social peripherality limited dwellers’ mobility and contact with outsiders. The map task, which asked the students to locate on a map of Egypt languages and dialects spoken in the country, was part of a questionnaire administered in 2011, with the aim of understanding the patterns of language use in the oasis, through the study of speakers’ attitudes, beliefs and ideologies (Serreli 2011). The results show that the respondents are aware of the major linguistic boundaries within Egypt, although they did not pay the same attention to all areas: Siwa, the area around Marsa Matruh, the Nile Delta region and Upper Egypt were identified quite clearly by a great number of students, while the Sinai Peninsula was taken into account to a lesser extent and the oases were largely ignored. The paper also presents the respondents’ labelling choices, which tell us something about their ideas and judgements of Egyptian communities and their reciprocal relationships.

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- by Valentina Serreli
- •
- 10
  Arabic, Arabic Sociolinguistics, Egypt, Perceptual Dialectology

Children in Canada, a highly multicultural nation, are exposed to a variety of accented speech. This study examines the linguistic tolerance of 6- to 12-year-old children in Canada. A gamified and matched-guise approach to the written... more

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- by Stefan Dollinger and +2
  Vanessa Chan
  Kate Pasula
- •
- 8
  Multilingualism, English, Perceptual Dialectology, Language Attitudes (Languages And Linguistics)

In traditional dialectology prominent geographical conditions are particularly made responsible for linguistic divergence between neighboring dialect areas (e.g. rivers, mountain ranges, etc.). Also modern national borders, territories of... more

Folk perceptions of language diversity often differ from the criteria laid out by linguists and have particular implications for applied/sociolinguists since the collective identification of language diversity largely determines the ways... more

In this article the problem of perception is highlighted from a philosophical, physiological and psychological point of view. The essay (second update) is followed by a list of publications, journals and websites about perception. The... more

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- by Hans Kuijper
- •
- 264
  Computer Vision, Perception, Phonology, Sensory Ecology

Esta pesquisa apresenta análises sobre avaliação linguistica no português europeu madeirense, através de corpora (entrevistas sociolinguísticas selecionadas a partir da amostra Funchal do CORPORAPOT e Corpus Sociolinguístico do... more

This study investigates developing linguistic prestige of the standard/local varieties in bidialectal kindergarteners whose linguistic environment has a high level of interference between two varieties of different social prestige. To... more

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- by Krisztina Fehér
- •
- 12
  Dialectology, Sociolinguistics, Applied Linguistics, Sociophonetics

Este capítulo pergeña los preliminares teórico-metodológicos de la lingüística y la dialectología populares, y presenta dos imágenes, tres entrevistas, nueve mapas y diez textos recogidos bajo esos enfoques en el Área Metropolitana de... more

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- by Sandro Bachmann and +1
  Gabriela Bart
- •
- 14
  Languages and Linguistics, Dialectology, Germanic linguistics, German Language

The acquisition of sociophonetic variation has been a major topic in variationist research [2, 3, 4, ex multis], but very little work has been carried out for Italian. In this work, we aim at investigating the emergence of sociophonetic... more

Past production research on the California Vowel Shift (CVS) has suggested that the CVS carries social meanings of carefreeness, Whiteness, femininity, and privilege (e.g., Eckert 2008b), but it is unclear whether these social meanings... more

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- by Silvia Giordano
- •
- 5
  Dialectology, Perceptual Dialectology, Language Variation, Piemonte

Individuals moving from one dialect-specific area to another often pick up some characteristics of the new region's speech patterns. Dialect acquisition is subtle in adults and therefore understudied in the field of sociolinguistics. This... more

Individuals moving from one dialect-specific area to another often pick up some characteristics of the new region's speech patterns. Dialect acquisition is subtle in adults and therefore understudied in the field of sociolinguistics. This study collected speech samples from natives of the Catskill Mountains in upstate New York and Catskill residents originally from the New York City Metropolitan Area. A perceptual methodology using a 9-point scale was employed to determine acquisition (Munro et al. 1999). Post-hoc tests showed that ratings of the two groups differed significantly (p < 0.0001), but 33% of migrant ratings fell on the 'Catskill' end of the spectrum. This supported the hypothesis that the migrants would exhibit an intermediate degree of Catskill dialect. Qualitative data from interviews collected in this study pointed to the existence of a social conflict between Catskill natives and migrants from downstate, which poses a possible barrier to acquisition. Both groups exhibited some degree of prejudice toward the other, which can be partially attributed to issues of linguistic prestige in the Catskill dialect.

“Ciudad y campo: adquisición del dialecto en las montañas Catskill de Nueva York, al norte del estado”

Las personas que se mudan de una zona dialectal a otra frecuentemente asimilan características del discurso de la nueva región. La adquisición del dialecto no está muy marcada en adultos y, por lo tanto, apenas se estudia en el ámbito de la sociolingüística. En este estudio, se recogieron muestras del discurso de nativos de las montañas de Catskill, en el norte del estado de Nueva York, y de los residentes de Catskill procedentes de la zona metropolitana de la ciudad de Nueva York. Se empleó una metodología perceptiva que utiliza una escala de 9 puntos con el fin de determinar la adquisición (Munro et al. 1999). Posteriormente, las pruebas han demostrado que los grupos difieren significativamente (p < 0,0001), pero que el 33% de los ratios de inmigrantes cayeron en el extremo del espectro de Catskill. Estos resultados apoyan la hipótesis de que los inmigrantes exhiban un grado intermedio de dialecto de Catskill. Los datos cualitativos de las entrevistas recogidas en este estudio señalan la existencia de un conflicto social entre nativos de Catskill e inmigrantes del sur del estado, lo que podría plantearse como un posible obstáculo para la adquisición. Ambos grupos mostraron prejuicios en distintos grados hacia el otro, lo que, probablemente, pueda atribuirse a cuestiones de prestigio lingüístico en el dialecto de Catskill.

En este estudio se han investigado las creencias de los mexicanos respecto a las variantes del español en México.

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- by G. Loer
- •
- 3
  Perceptual Dialectology, Linguistics, Mexico

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- by Lisa Jeon and +1
  Patricia Cukor-Avila
- •
- 7
  Language, Space and Place, Language and Ideology, Perceptual Dialectology, Language Variation

Due to Gwent’s position on the border between Wales and England, the historic region shares a hybrid identity of both Welshness and Englishness. During the age of traditional dialectology (e.g. 19th century until the mid-20th century),... more

The issue of linguistic distinctions in creole continua has been extensively debated. Are creole continua comprised of just an "acrolect" and a "basilect," or do they also comprise additional varieties? Studies of variation in creole... more

The issue of linguistic distinctions in creole continua has been extensively debated. Are creole continua comprised of just an "acrolect" and a "basilect," or do they also comprise additional varieties? Studies of variation in creole continua have been typically based on directly observed linguistic data. This study argues that perceived sociolinguistic distinctions can offer one point of departure for establishing what linguistic components constitute creole continua. Following a protocol developed within "Perceptual Dialectology" (see, e.g., Preston 1999) this study describes perceived sociolinguistic distinctions via folk linguistic descriptors elicited by means of linguistic map-drawing and labeling tasks. The aim of this study is to investigate perceived language variation in the Caribbean island of Trinidad, where Standard English historically co-exists as an official language with creolized varieties of English, which the literature generally refers to as "Trinidadian Creole English." " The main finding of this study is that Standard English has a strong perceptual association with Trinidad's historic urban centers, while nonstandard varieties collectively referred to as "dialect" or "creole" are associated with the rest of the island. The study discusses indications that linguistic boundaries-largely parallel to ethnoracial boundaries-are perceived within the standard and non-standard part of the Trinidadian continuum. One major perceived linguistic criterion for differentiation within the non-standard part of the continuum is the presence or absence of Standard English elements. The saliency of "mixed" varieties suggests that a variety located halfway between Standard English and Trinidadian Creole English could be emerging. The study concludes that the urban-rural divide and ethnoracial distinctions constitute two salient social fault lines that future studies of language variation in Trinidad should take account of while searching the Trinidadian continuum for objectively verifiable linguistic boundaries.

Desde un enfoque constructivista del espacio urbano como producto social, en el presente artículo presentamos algunos aspectos teóricos y metodológicos para el análisis de las representaciones geosociales y la identidad urbana para luego... more

Features of the California Vowel Shift (CVS; Eckert 2008) have been found throughout the American West (Fridland et al. 2016). One CVS feature, TRAP backing, is associated with California and Californian values (Villarreal 2016). It... more

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- by Dan Villarreal and +1
  Mary Kohn
- •
- 4
  Language Variation and Change, Sociophonetics, Perceptual Dialectology, Language Attitudes

ABSTRACT Since the 1960s, sociolinguists have been examining the social factors that influence language variation and the attitudes speakers have towards those variations. In this study, the language attitudes about the perceived Spanish... more

ABSTRACT

Since the 1960s, sociolinguists have been examining the social factors that influence language variation and the attitudes speakers have towards those variations. In this study, the language attitudes about the perceived Spanish dialects in Mexico are analyzed using a maptask. A group of Mexican immigrants in the U.S. was asked to draw on a map of Mexico where they felt that people speak Spanish differently. They were then asked to explain/elaborate on the divisions that they drew. These maps and interviews were used to determine the perceived major dialects of Mexican Spanish according to the majority of participants. Perceptions of dialects are measured via reoccurring themes that were brought up by a majority of interviewees. Salient themes include language contact, such as influence of English or indigenous languages, and whether a dialect was deemed urban or rural.

RESUMEN

“Percepciones de los inmigrantes mexicanos de los dialectos del español de México: un estudio de actitudes lingüísticas”
Desde los años 60, los sociolingüistas han estudiado los factores sociales que influyen en la variación lingüística y las actitudes de los hablantes hacia esa variación. En este estudio, se analizan, usando una técnica de mapeo, las actitudes lingüísticas hacia los dialectos percibidos del español en México. Se pidió a un grupo de inmigrantes mexicanos que marcara en un mapa de México dónde consideraban ellos que la gente habla español de manera diferente. Asimismo, se les solicitó que explicaran las divisiones que habían establecido. Estos mapas, así como diferentes entrevistas, fueron empleados para determinar los principales dialectos percibidos de acuerdo con la mayoría de los participantes. Las percepciones de los dialectos se midieron a través de temas recurrentes que habían sido mencionados por la mayoría de los entrevistados. Algunos de los temas destacados fueron el contacto de lenguas, la influencia del inglés, las lenguas indígenas o la consideración de un dialecto como urbano o rural.

This paper presents some preliminary comments aiming to explain the vitality of the geolect of Val de Xálima (Cáceres province, Spain), the so-called a fala. Having in consideration that recently the community of Xálima has faced various... more

Features of the California Vowel Shift (CVS; Eckert 2008) are found throughout the American West (Fridland et al. 2016). One CVS feature, TRAP backing, is associated with California and supposed Californian values in the popular media... more

Features of the California Vowel Shift (CVS; Eckert 2008) are found throughout the American West (Fridland et al. 2016). One CVS feature, TRAP backing, is associated with California and supposed Californian values in the popular media (Pratt and D’Onofrio 2014). It remains to be seen what regional identities or values TRAP backing indexes in communities undergoing the CVS outside of California. This study investigates the local construction of meaning for a supra-local sound change by examining how college students in Kansas, a region undergoing front lax vowel retraction, perceive TRAP backing.
Fifty-one listeners participated in a perceptual task involving stimuli read by young Kansan speakers; this task combined properties of dialect recognition tasks (Williams et al. 1999) and matched-guise tasks (Campbell-Kibler 2007). In each trial, listeners identified speakers’ regional origin and rated speakers on 14 affective Likert scales. Four critical stimuli belonged to one of two matched guises, which were acoustically manipulated such that only TRAP F2 differed between matched guises (Villarreal 2016). Conservative guises contained fronted (higher F2) TRAP and shifted guises contained backed (lower F2) TRAP.
A Bayesian analysis of regional identification found that listeners identified the shifted guise as significantly more likely to be from California than the conservative guise, indicating some association between TRAP backing and California among listeners in Kansas; guise did not affect other regional identification categories, however. A principal components analysis revealed three principal components that together accounted for 61% of the variance in ratings. PC1, measuring “general prestige,” combined seven scales, including likeable, polite, and educated; PC2, measuring “Kansan-ness,” combined two scales: Kansan and small town; and PC3, measuring “innovativeness,” combined three scales: young, feminine, and fast.
PC1 and PC3 significantly correlated with guise, with shifted guises rated higher on “general prestige” and “innovativeness” than their conservative counterparts. Conversely, PC2 significantly correlated with listeners’ regional identifications, as stimuli rated high for “Kansan-ness” were most likely to be identified as being from Kansas and least likely to be identified as being from New York or California. These results suggest that in Kansas, TRAP backing is associated with California despite local participation in the sound shift. Instead of associating TRAP backing with local identity, as Californians do, this sound change appears to index both prestige and youth in Kansas, perhaps motivating the spread of this sound change in the region. These results highlight the local construction of meaning for a sound change, while also providing some clues to the rapid supra-local spread of the CVS.

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- by Dan Villarreal and +1
  Mary Kohn
- •
- 6
  Sociolinguistics, Language Variation and Change, Sociophonetics, Perceptual Dialectology

Esta pesquisa apresenta análises sobre avaliação linguistica no português europeu madeirense, através de corpora (entrevistas sociolinguísticas selecionadas a partir da amostra Funchal do CORPORAPOT e Corpus Sociolinguístico do Funchal... more

Perceptual dialectology researchers have reported that in “draw-a-map” tasks focused on nonlinguists’ perceptions of dialect regions, the South is one of the most commonly identified regions in the United States, and that many subjects... more

Perceptual dialectology researchers have reported that in “draw-a-map” tasks focused on nonlinguists’ perceptions of dialect regions, the South is one of the most commonly identified regions in the United States, and that many subjects further differentiate the South into smaller core and peripherally Southern subregions. As a state with a “complex” and “complicated” relationship with the South (Johnstone 1999), Texas may be included in the South, but is often grouped with the West or labelled as its own region (Lance 1999, Niedzielski and Preston 1999, Preston 1986). This “complicated” relationship also has ramifications for Southern identity; research in Texas and other Southern “border” states suggests that residents of these states may claim both Southern and non-Southern identity (Cramer 2010, Hall-Lew and Stephens 2011, Johnstone 1999).

This dissertation explores perceptual notions of “southernness” by examining perspectives in one East Texan community regarding internal differentiation within the Southern dialect region and the meaning of Southern identity. 90 subjects from Deer Park, Texas, indicated which states they considered part of the South, identified smaller subregions within the South, and chose the one state that they considered most Southern. At a more local level, subjects were asked to compare their city to the nearby cities of Pasadena and Houston, which differ from Deer Park in size, ethnic diversity, median income, and education level. 9 of these subjects completed a follow-up task which involved the generation and ranking of identity labels along a magnitude continuum to explore the importance of regional identity and the meaning of particular identity labels for these subjects.

The results suggest that these respondents were heavily influenced by their local point of reference and by notions of Texan distinctiveness; the subregions within the South that subjects identified emphasized distinctions between Texas and other states, and subjects within the youngest age group were particularly likely to single out Texas as its own region. Analysis of the city-level commentary highlights salient distinctions between the Deer Park community and surrounding communities, particularly regarding ethnic diversity and “urbanness,” and suggests that subjects are able to engage with the concept of southernness at a more local level than has been explored in previous perceptual dialectology research. The results of the identity task provide evidence of the importance of regional identity for these subjects and illustrate the ways in which Deer Park residents index meaning through contrasting and overlapping regional identity labels.

This study lends additional support to previous research which has argued that responses to perceptual dialectology tasks are sensitive to scale and that distinctions which are salient at the local level may be obscured in studies which examine dialect differences at the national level (Bucholtz et al. 2007, Evans 2013b). The identity interviews also illustrate the salience of regional identity in border states and permit a more nuanced understanding of how subjects identify with the South. By centering the task on one dialect region, this study allows for a more fine-grained examination of the South as understood by members of a peripherally Southern community.

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- by Meghan Oxley
- •
- 6
  Social Identity, Sociolinguistics, Perceptual Dialectology, Identity

RESUMO: Reconhecendo a importância dos estudos sobre as atitudes linguísticas para a compreensão da variação e mudança linguística, no âmbito da Sociolinguística Variacionista de Labov (1972), este trabalho resulta de duas investigações... more

RESUMO: Reconhecendo a importância dos estudos sobre as atitudes linguísticas para a compreensão da variação e mudança linguística, no âmbito da Sociolinguística Variacionista de Labov (1972), este trabalho resulta de duas investigações empíricas realizadas na ilha da Madeira, cujos questionários contêm um conjunto de perguntas que apelam aos juízos de valor dos falantes sobre variantes sintáticas (padrão e não-padrão) em uso no português, nomeadamente, as de realização pronominal anafórica do objeto direto (OD), ou seja, variantes com: clítico acusativo O (eu vi-o), pronome nominativo ELE (eu vi ele) ou ainda com clítico dativo LHE (eu lhe vi). Os inquéritos sociolinguísticos desta investigação apresentam configurações distintas: um primeiro conjunto de dados foi recolhido entre abril e dezembro de 2013, junto de 126 indivíduos de sete comunidades linguísticas da ilha da Madeira (18 por localidade), estratificados por idade, sexo e nível de escolaridade; já o segundo, realizado em outubro de 2015, foi aplicado a 412 estudantes da Universidade da Madeira, no Funchal, a capital da ilha. A análise, quantitativa e qualitativa, será conduzida, tendo em consideração dados retirados do Corpus do Português Falado no Funchal e os estudos recentes sobre vários aspetos da variação sintática em variedades do português (europeias, brasileiras e africanas). Os resultados das tarefas de julgamento realizadas por falantes madeirenses permitem (i) confirmar a relevância dos fatores sociais na consciência linguística da variação inerente dos sistemas linguísticos, por um lado, e, por outro, (ii) contribuir para a discussão do papel desempenhado por este tipo de dados subjetivos nos processos de mudança linguística.

Palavras-chave: Atitudes linguísticas; Sociolinguística Variacionista; Variantes sintáticas do português; falantes madeirenses.

ABSTRACT: Recognizing the importance of studies on linguistic attitudes to the understanding of variation and linguistic change, in the scope of Variationist Sociolinguistics of Labov (1972), this work results from two empirical investigations carried out in the island of Madeira, whose questionnaires contain a set of questions that Call for the judgments of value of the speakers on syntactic variants (standard and non-standard) in use in Portuguese, namely, the pronominal anaphoric realization of the direct object (OD), that is, variants with: accusative clitic –O, Nominative pronoun ELE (I saw him) or with Datif Clitic -LHE. The sociolinguistic surveys of this research have different configurations: a first set of data was collected between April and December 2013, with 126 individuals from seven linguistic communities located on the island of Madeira (18 informants by locality), stratified by age, sex and level of education.The second, held in October 2015, was applied to 412 students from the University of Madeira, in Funchal, the capital of the island. The quantitative and qualitative analysis had be conducted also, taking into account data taken from the Corpus of Portuguese Spoken in Funchal and recent studies on various aspects of syntactic variation in Portuguese Varieties (European, Brazilian and African). The results of the judgment tasks carried out by Madeiran speakers allow (i) to confirm the relevance of social factors in the linguistic awareness of the inherent variation of linguistic systems, on the one hand, and (ii) to contribute to the discussion of the role played by This kind of subjective data in the processes of linguistic change.

Keywords: Linguistic attitudes; Variationist Sociolinguistic; Syntactic variants of Portuguese; Speakers Madeiran

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- by Aline Bazenga and +1
  Lorena Rodrigues
- •
- 9
  Portuguese Studies, Sociolinguistics, Perceptual Dialectology, Linguistic Variation

Resum: Les Belles-Sœurs és una obra de Michel Tremblay escrita el 1965 i representada al teatre Rideau Vert de Mont-real el 1968, en plena Revolució tranquil·la. Així, Les Belles-Sœurs es caracteritza pel ferm compromís social i la forta... more

The article introduces the research into the dialectal self-awareness of the young inhabitants of the cities of Šiauliai and Panevėžys. The data of the dialectal mental map, which is one of the most important tasks in perceptive... more

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- by Laura Brazaitienė
- •
- 3
  Dialectology, Perceptual Dialectology, Geolinguistics

Resum: La llengua i la cultura catalanes s’han vist exposades, particularment durant els darrers anys, a forces exògenes que fragmenten llur percepció col·lectiva, la seva sociosfera, dins el marc d’un procés d’aculturació. Davant... more

En este estudio se han investigado las creencias de los neerlandeses respecto a las variantes del neerlandés en los Países Bajos.

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- by G. Loer
- •
- 3
  Perceptual Dialectology, Linguistics, Netherlands

In this paper, the first results of a perception study in Flanders are reported. In order to gain insight in the way Flemish language users perceive the Flemish linguistic landscape, 80 informants were subjected to a qualitative interview... more

Detey, S., Lyche, C., Racine, I., Schwab, S. & Le Gac, D. (2016). The notion of norm in spoken French : production and perception. In Detey, S., Durand, J., Laks, B. & Lyche, C. (eds), Varieties of Spoken French. Oxford: OUP, 55-67.

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- by David Le Gac
- •
- 13
  Languages and Linguistics, Phonology, Phonetics, Dialectology

This is the first major sociolinguistic work on Indian diasporic communities in Germany. It investigates accent perceptions and attitudes to variation in Indian varieties of English. The study shows that metalanguage allows to understand... more

In this paper I analyzed the Spanish-speaking Caribbean´s dialectal perceptions (Cubans, Puerto Ricans and Dominicans), in order to know the mental delimitation of the linguistic area to which their varieties are circumscribed, the... more

In this paper I analyzed the Spanish-speaking Caribbean´s dialectal perceptions (Cubans, Puerto Ricans and Dominicans), in order to know the mental delimitation of the linguistic area to which their varieties are circumscribed, the elements through which they distinguish it and the way in which they perceived themselves linguistically in the Spanish-speaking context in general. The analysis has been based on the postulates of Perceptual Dialectology. From the methodological point of view, a questionnaire was applied in the capitals of the three countries in which four questions addressed the linguistic perceptions. The sample was formed from a fixed quota sampling, for a total of 198 informants surveyed in the three countries, of which the variables sex, age and level of education were controlled. Some of the most important concluding ideas of the study are that the Antillean perceive their varieties of Spanish as inserted in a common dialectal space, although with variable limits. In a triangle of relationships, Puerto Ricans and Cubans perceive their respective varieties of Spanish as much closer and more like each other than to the Spanish in the Dominican Republic. Dominicans, on the other hand, show a weaker awareness of the link between the three varieties. As for the differentiating perceptions, is evident a perceptual distance from other variants (such as the Spanish, Colombian, Mexican and Argentine), based on arguments that show the prestige granted to these modalities of language. 1. Introducción El modo en que los hablantes perciben sus lenguas, así como las creencias que subyacen en el proceso de percepción de la realidad lingüística, han devenido objeto de estudio de la dialectología perceptual como disciplina. Si bien los trabajos dialectológicos perceptuales sobre lenguas como el inglés, el alemán o el japonés, han tenido fuerza en los últimos años (Preston 1999a; Long y Preston 2002), sobre el español el interés es notablemente reciente y se contabilizan solo algunos pocos. De ellos, una parte se ha enfocado en la percepción hacia las variedades hispánicas de manera global (Quesada 2014; Moreno 2015) y otros se acercan al tema analizando las variedades nacionales. Esta última línea de investigación ha sido hasta el momento la más desarrollada y se localizan investigaciones relacionadas con las variedades de España (Moreno y

Perceptual Dialectology

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