Quantic Phisics

RESUMEN 
En la obra de Parra, la relación dialéctico-crítica entre imagen y palabra es utilizada antipoéticamente como satirización de los metarelatos. Convierte esa misma crítica en un acto de literaturización de la vida. En el texto se analiza el juego elocuente con que Parra realiza su antipoesía. Se presenta una lectura de la estética y de los principios, o antiprincipios, con que operan los “artefactos” dialogantes y los slogans que construye.

Palabras clave
Nicanor Parra/ Artefactos / poesía visual /  poesía metafísica / deconstrucción

ABSTRACT
In the work of Parra, the dialectic-critical relation between image and Word is used anti-poetically like satirization of the metarelatos. It turns those same critics as an act of literaturización of the life. In the text, is analyzed the eloquent game whereupon Parra makes its antipoetry. Appears a reading of the aesthetics and the principles, or antiprinciples, whereupon operate the dialogical devices and the slogan that he construct.

Key words
Nicanor Parra / Devices / visual poetry / metaphisical poetry / deconstruction

ABSTRACT
In this graduate work is presented a theoretical research which addresses the identity formation of the contemporary individual focusing mainly on an invitation to self-knowledge as a way of revealing our weaknesses and peculiarities suffered lifelong and find a way of lightness and inner balance to make greater strength in the face of daily pressures. They dealt with some links created by the mind, as the emotional, intellectual and experiences of the human being, exploring the potential of concepts selection of bases forming personalities and reflecting on the same actions as the consequences. To address internal construction issues, and the demands of the contemporary world in continuous inter-relationships between individuals and the information selection processes of the mind and finally to the particular job of making the internal path for self-knowledge, we turn to analysis of scientific area as metapsychology, semiotics, sociology and neuroscience and "philosophies" Eastern considered non-scientific. For this purpose, we analyze theorists such as Stuart Hall, Sigmund Freud, Rosa Cukier, Paulo Paes, Marilena Chauí, et Chalhub All, North & Santaella, Osho, Chopra et All, Fred Travis and Tunner et all. These authors start from sociological perspectives, psychological, neuroscientific, philosophical and spiritual for address the emergence of identity constructions, of which we focus in particular to conflicting characteristics, and the balancing process and unification of the same self-knowledge. And understanding how the appropriation of individual characteristics by the inter-relationship between people, a work of installation presented to the public in theoretical research result without direct reference image, it is proposed to reflect on the artist's responsibility for the use of image as well as our view of ourselves as individuals, considering our uniqueness and of others with whom we deal, as we see and are seen in an invitation to meet and questioning, understanding that before the others must make a critical self-criticism and identify where we operate and how we relate the external environment, with this inner space of ourselves.
Keywords: Identity, Uniqueness, Meditation, Self-Knowledge, Consciousness.

İslâm düşüncesinde önemli bir yeri olan Gazâlî nedensellik anlayışı ile çağının ötesine uzanan etkiler bırakmıştır. Gazâlî’nin nedensellik anlayışının modern fizikle olan benzerlik ve farklılıklarını ortaya çıkartmayı amaçladığımız tezimizde konuyu kavramsal düzeyde ele aldık. Hareket kavramı bağlamında incelediğimiz nedenselliğin zorunluluğu meselesinin, süreklilik ve süreksizlik düşüncelerinin ekseninde değiştiğini göstermeye çalıştık. Gazâlî örneği üzerinden incelediğimiz nedenselliğin felsefi temellerinin ortaya çıkartılması suretiyle bilimin cevap aradığı sorulara olgusal yaklaşım kadar kavramsal düzeyde de yaklaşılmasının gerekliliğini göstermeyi amaçlıyoruz. Bu sayede felsefe ile bilimin birbirlerini destekleyerek gelişmeleri gerektiğini ortaya koymayı hedefliyoruz.
Araştırmamız dört bölümden oluşmaktadır. Birinci bölümde ilkçağ filozoflarından Gazâlî’ye kadar geçen süre içerisinde neden ve nedensellik kavramlarının nasıl ele alındığı incelenmiştir.
İkinci bölümde Gazâlî’nin nedensellik düşüncesi ve buna karşı yöneltilen eleştiriler açıklanmıştır.
Üçüncü bölümde kuantum fiziği Kopenhag yorumunun gelişimi Newton fiziğinden itibaren ele alınarak incelenmiştir.
Son bölümde belirsizlik ilkesinin temel esasları açıklanarak Gazâlî’nin nedensellik anlayışıyla ortak ve farklı yönleri incelenmiştir. Bu kısmın sonunda yaptığımız genel değerlendirmeyle Gazâlî’nin nedensellik anlayışının geliştirilerek modern fiziğin ihtiyaç duyduğu yeni bir epistemoloji inşasına katkıda bulunulabileceğine dikkat çekmeye çalıştık.
Anahtar Kavramlar: Gazâlî, Nedensellik, Belirsizlik ilkesi, Kopenhag yorumu, Kuantum.


Gazzali has an important place in the Islamic thought and he left an impression beyond his age with his understanding of causality. In this thesis, we attempted to draw the similarities and differences between Gazzali’s understanding of causality and modern physics on a conceptual basis. The purpose is to show that the indispensability of causality, which is examined in the context of the concept of action, is variable according to the idea of continuation and non-continuation. Another purpose of this thesis is to indicate that revealing the philosophical bases of causality, by scrutinizing Gazzali’s thought, depends on conceptual approaches as much as the factual approaches in order to find proper answers for the questions of modern science. By the way, the ultimate goal is to show that philosophy and science should develop through supporting each other.
This thesis is composed of four parts. In the first chapter of the thesis, the concepts of cause and causality from antiquity to Gazzali are analyzed in historical perspective. In the second chapter Gazzali’s idea of causality is analyzed and the critics of this idea are depicted. In the third chapter, the development of Copenhagen interpretation in quantum physics is researched starting from Newton physics. In the last chapter, the fundamentals of the uncertainty principle are explained situating the common and different aspects of this principle in face of Gazzali’s understanding of causality. In the end of this chapter, we remarked that by improving Gazzali’s understanding of causality we can contribute to the formation of a new epistemological construction which is required in the modern physics.       
Key Concepts: Gazzali, Causality, The principle of Uncertainty, the Copenhagen interpretation, Quantum.

Resumen
Las paradojas muestran algo irracional pero de un modo perfectamente racional, mostrando que sólo contra el telón de fondo de una cierta definición de racionalidad algo resulta irracional. La paradoja no es pues un argumento a dilucidar o un problema a esclarecer, sino una perplejidad frente a la recursividad del lenguaje y al principio de información faltante, un agujero en el centro de nuestra lógica. Por ello la emancipación de la razón posmoderna requiere nuevas lógicas, polivalentes, de la vaguedad o paraconsistentes, para habérselas con los sistemas complejos y los desafíos a la que nos enfrentan la física cuántica, retos que exigen nuevas discursividades, así como cartografías lo suficientemente plásticas para desplazarse en medio de un universo de espejos, cuerdas y agujeros negros.  Así las paradojas pueden ser pensadas como un inevitable "nudo gordiano cognitivo", imposible de desatar en las condiciones y con los modos de pensar con que lo creamos, pero que se desvanece en otro espacio conceptual.
Dr. Adolfo Vásquez Rocca

Se plantea que antes de que existiera el Universo físico, ha existido una imagen invisible de éste, suficientemente descriptivo en un formato comprimido fractal-holográfico, del que surge y se sostiene la realidad visible cotidianamente. Este artículo es continuación de otro previo: “El Diseño del Universo Fractal-holográfico: Repercusiones”. En esta segunda parte, el estudio se centra en la perspectiva energética y psíquica, encontrando nexos entre las diferentes especialidades del saber humano, como las terapias naturistas, la psicología, el conocimiento sobre el cerebro y el corazón, la psicogeometría, la teoría de cuerdas y las matemáticas de conjuntos infinitos. Esta exploración multidisciplinaria arroja importante luz sobre la forma como está construido el tejido fractal-holográfico del Universo, su funcionamiento en nuestro organismo y cómo nos podemos servir de ello.

S’il faut une preuve que ce ne sont pas les plus grands génies qui guident la vie du monde, nous pourrons également la trouver dans le fait que, lorsqu’Einstein voulut scruter le dense brouillard du futur social humain, il ne sut parvenir à aucune conclusion d’une véritable hauteur, et retomba dans ces peu géniales formules que lui avait transmises un passé usé, et il ne tenta même pas, lui le puissant iconoclaste de la pensée, de se dégager de ce misérable piège.

Objective The relations between thought and reality are studied in many fields of philosophy and science. Examples include ontology and metaphysics in general, linguistics, neuroscience and even mathematics. Each one has its postulates, its language, its methods and its own constraints. It would be unreasonable, however, for them to ignore each other. In the pages that follow we will try to identify areas of proximity between the ideas of contemporary philosophers of language and those issued mainly by Ontology of Knowledge (see below) but also by mathematics and neuroscience. We will try to take advantage of the clarity and the perfect structuring of the lecture « La philosophie contemporaine du langage » (the contemporary philosophy of language) given by Professor Denis Vernant (see below). We will make use of this lecture, both for the ideas presented and as a reference process. The goal of this article is to bring out, through a benevolent confrontation, new ideas for the benefit of knowledge in general.

Und wenn jemand noch einen Beweis dafür braucht, dass der gesellschaftliche Werdegang nicht von großen Denkern abhängt, könnte man anführen, dass Albert Einstein, als er den dichten Nebel der gesellschaftlichen Zukunft durchdringen wollte, nichts Wesentliches zu sagen wusste und nur die alten und schal gewordenen Phrasen wiederholte - er, der große Ikonoklast des Denkens, unternahm auch nicht den geringsten Versuch, sich ihrer elenden Fesseln zu entledigen.

Il 25 marzo 1950, durante la Conferenza annuale della Société française de Philosophie, Gaston Bachelard, illustra le caratteristiche fondamentali del Razionalismo. Ci troviamo a cavallo fra la prima e la seconda epistemologia, dove l’influenza delle immagini e della rêverie materiale,
suggerisce un maggiore approfondimento di ciò che s’intende per ragione. Nell’introdurre lo schema dei principi che si trovano alla base della costruzione razionalista, Bachelard, ritrae l’homme des ving-quatre heures, l’uomo delle ventiquattro ore, un individuo che vive nella totalità
del giorno e della notte la propria vita. Laddove la notte rappresenti il mondo oscuro del sogno, del fantastico e del poetico e il giorno il mondo della lucidità, della chiarezza e del risveglio, l’uomo delle ventiquattro ore, si avvale dei due poli opposti per intraprendere con maggiore omogenia e
totalità il proprio essere razionalista.
E’ nel ri-cominciare, nel ri-svegliarsi che un oggettivo arricchimento del sapere può avvenire. Rispetto alla ricezione di un apparente eclettismo filosofico del filosofo francese, occorre fare una riflessione sulla costruzione del suo pensiero e della sua opera. Figura discussa e controversa del panorama filosofico contemporaneo, quella di Gaston Bachelard è ancora oggi, una personalità molto accattivante. La sua opera, come il suo pensiero sono stati mira di lunghe critiche rispetto le quali la scissione fra epistemologia e poetica.

Olimpia Lombardi. 
CONICET - Universidad de Buenos Aires

La comparación de tres cosmovisiones -Aristotélica, Einsteniana y Newtoniana- nos permite comprender el progresivo descentramiento que ha sufrido el sujeto en cuanto a su posición en el cosmos y a su conocimiento de lo real.

Todo número perteneciente a un nuevo universo con al menos 3 propiedades: cantidad, direcciòn y sentido (al igual que un vector) cuyo valor de cantidad, direcciòn y sentido sea entre 0 e Infinito, tomando en cuenta su pertenencia y aplicación a dimensiones infinitas de puntos, rectas y planos serà condiserado como un número cuàntico. n = n * n = Nùmero Natural n* = Número Cuàntico Propiedades:

Theory on matter, dark matter, dark energy and light 1. Time, together with matter that we know, has the property of a wave and as a whole they move as a wave, that is, wave motion. In addition to the known properties. 2. Matter takes time with it, and both are the same moving package. Development At first there was a clash of energies. We today see matter moving in expansion. The cause is that we are in a constructive wave resulting from the initial shock. Dark matter and dark energy are the results of a phenomenon similar to that of an emission spectrum band. Fig 1 Fig. 1 This is how the different types of matter would look in a spectral band of the Universe. Altogether everything is in expansion movement. So the constructive wave includes the known matter plus the time. 4 % White matter (us) 73% Dark energy 4% Dark matter White matter: known matter, constructive wave in expansion.©

O objeto do presente trabalho corresponde ao estudo da Espiritualidade em um nível antropológico, fazendo um link com o Direito Sistêmico, diante das novas ferramentas que passam a ser utilizadas na resolução dos conflitos, tais como a Constelação Familiar. Assim,

In the article, the report «Dialectics of innovative technologies and ecological culture: philosophical reflections» offered a new vision in relation to the phenomenon and the process of cavitation. In addition to the statement famous Soviet Academician V.I. Vernadsky that the radiation source is free (in addition being) energy, and "Cavitation is a source of free energy". This means that cavitation may be converted, where appropriate, in addition being a source of energy. Thus, it is time to radically change the situation in the heating system: become extensive to abolish the existing heating system, replacing it with intensive heating system. The article also has an assertions claiming a two scientific discoveries: 1. "The phenomenon of cavitation - not just a source of additional energy, cavitation, or more precisely - the ancestress of the free energy opposes the spontaneous growth of entropy in nature, as well as natural radiation". 2. «The birth and creating of ball lightning have cavitation in conventional zippers, i.e. they also formed, as in the air-steam plasma, bubbles, and - charged: they too collapse, and everything else - just as in a normal vortex cavitation phenomenon, but, because of the power of combination and cavitation or magnetism and cavitation unusual will travel speed in the space and high permeability».

Observations of neutral-current nu interactions on deuterium in the Sudbury Neutrino Observatory are reported. Using the neutral current (NC), elastic scattering, and charged current reactions and assuming the standard 8B shape, the nu(e) component of the 8B solar flux is phis(e) = 1.76(+0.05)(-0.05)(stat)(+0.09)(-0.09)(syst) x 10(6) cm(-2) s(-1) for a kinetic energy threshold of 5 MeV. The non-nu(e) component is phi(mu)(tau) = 3.41(+0.45)(-0.45)(stat)(+0.48)(-0.45)(syst) x 10(6) cm(-2) s(-1), 5.3sigma greater than zero, providing strong evidence for solar nu(e) flavor transformation. The total flux measured with the NC reaction is phi(NC) = 5.09(+0.44)(-0.43)(stat)(+0.46)(-0.43)(syst) x 10(6) cm(-2) s(-1), consistent with solar models.

The Sudbury Neutrino Observatory (SNO) is a 1,000 tonne heavy water Cerenkov-based neutrino detector situated 2,000 meters underground in INCO's Creighton Mine near Sudbury, Ontario, Canada. For the neutrinos from 8B decay in the Sun SNO observes the Charged Current neutrino reaction sensitive only to electron neutrinos and others (Neutral Current and Elastic Scattering) sensitive to all active neutrino types and thereby can search for direct evidence of neutrino flavor change. Using these reactions and assuming the standard 8B shape, the ve component of the 8B solar flux is φe = 1.76- 0.05+0.05(stat.)- 0.09+0.09 (syst.) × 106 cm-2s-1 for a kinetic energy threshold of 5 MeV. The non-ve component is fgr μτ = 3.41- 0.45+0.45(stat.)- 0.45+0.48 (syst.) × 106 cm-2s-1, 5.3σ greater than zero, providing strong evidence for solar ve flavor transformation. The total flux measured with the NC reaction is fgr NC = 5.09- 0.43+0.44(stat.)- 0.43+0.46 (syst.) × 106 cm-2s-1, consistent with solar models. For charged current events, assuming an undistorted 8B spectrum, the night minus day rate is 14.0% +/- 6.3%-1.4+1.5% of the average rate. If the total flux of active neutrinos is additionally constrained to have no asymmetry, the ve asymmetry is found to be 7.0% +/- 4.9%-1.2+1.3%. A global solar neutrino analysis in terms of matter-enhanced oscillations of two active flavors strongly favors the Large Mixing Angle (LMA) solution.