Sorting

A framework for measuring the performance of distributed programs is presented. This framework includes a model of distributed programs, a description of the measurement principles and methods, and a guideline for implementing these ideas. The author describes a measurement system called the Distributed Programs Monitor (DPM), which he has constructed on the basis of these concepts. DPM has been implemented and used for measurement studies on two different operating systems, DEMOS/MP and Berkeley Unix.

Abstract: ASP .NET web applications typically employ server controls to provide dynamic web pages, and data-bound server controls to display and maintain database data. Most developers use default properties of ASP .NET server controls when developing web applications, which allows for rapid development of workable applications. However, creating a high-performance, multi-user, and scalable web application requires enhancement of server controls using custom-made code. In this empirical study we ...

ABSTRACT Central Processing Units (CPUs) are task-parallel, latency-oriented processors, while Graphics Processing Units (GPUs) are data-parallel, throughput oriented processors. Besides their traditional use as graphics coprocessors, the GPUs have been used in recent years for general purpose computations, too. Rapid development of graphics hardware led to an extensive use in both scientific and commercial applications. Numerous papers report high speedups in various domains. This paper presents an effort to bring GPU computing closer to programmers and wider community of users. GPU computing is explored through NVIDIA Compute Unified Device Architecture (CUDA) that is currently the most mature application programming interface (API) for general purpose computation on GPUs.

This paper is intended to develop an algorithm visualization, particularly selection sorting for an Algorithm and Programming course. Algorithm visualization technology graphically illustrates how algorithms work. This visualization can be used to explain how all data move to the proper position in order to be sorted in a display computer for education. This research consists of 6 steps which are concept, design, obtaining content material,
assembly, testing, and distribution. During the testing step, the application is run and checked to confirm that it performs exactly what the author has intended and the students can learn selection sorting algorithm by studying the visualization. Subjects of the research were students at Department of Informatics Universitas Persada Indonesia YAI for implementation of the learning. The data were analysed using the analytic descriptive method and interpreted in a narrative way based on the research findings. The algorithm visualization indicates that students increase their motivation and ability to program variety of sorting in programming language they learn.

The Automatic Sorting Machine is used to sort different types of products or commodities based on the barcode provided on them. This gives a provision to reduce the manual effort and hence human error by replacing the conventional methods of sorting in areas involving hectic sorting. The system comes into play in airports and other industrial distribution centres where the products or commodities have to be sorted into batches in order to take them to their respective destination. The products are put on a conveyer system where they are scanned for the particular barcode provided on them. Depending on the barcode, they are placed on the respective carriers automatically where these carriers dispatch them to the corresponding destinations.

Many freshmen students of computer science are unaware of the requirements and job profiles of their future professional domain. To provide them with a deeper insight into the requirements of their future jobs at an early point of their studies, we designed a software engineering simulation project that focuses on the main tasks a software engineer has to deal with in professional life. More precisely, this project focuses on the major software-technical, methodological and practical competencies every computer scientist-to-be must acquire. Thus, this introductory software engineering project serves as a kind of “kick off meeting” for freshmen students in computer science. It creates an initial insight into and understanding of the overall interrelation of the different tasks and skills that will be a crucial part both of their study process as well as of their future professional career.

Today implementation of sort leads to lower and easier order time. Our purpose in this article are trying to introduce an algorithm with lower cost of Bubble sort and nearly same as Selection sort. A way is in orderly inserting of elements in another array. Sort is an algorithm that arranges all elements of an array, orderly. This algorithm has sequential form. The order of Selection sort complexity is nearly least than Bubble sort.

We present a fast algorithm for two-dimensional median filtering. It is based on storing and updating the gray level histogram of the picture elements in the window. The algorithm is much faster than conventional sorting methods. For a window size of m × n, the computer time required is 0(n).

Credit risk concentration is one of the leading topics in modern finance, as the bank regulation has made increasing use of external and internal credit ratings. Concentration risk in credit portfolios comes into being through an uneven distribution of bank loans to individual borrowers (single-name concentration) or in a hierarchical dimension such as in industry and services sectors and geographical regions (sectorial concentration).To measure single-name concentration risk the literature proposes specific concentration indexes such as the Herfindahl–Hirschman index, the Gini index or more general approaches to calculate the appropriate economic capital needed to cover the risk arising from the potential default of large borrowers.However, in our opinion, the Gini index and the Herfindahl–Hirschman index can be improved taking into account methodological and theoretical issues which are explained in this paper.We propose a new index to measure single-name credit concentration risk and we prove the properties of our contribution.Furthermore, considering the guidelines of Basel II, we describe how our index works on real financial data. Finally, we compare our index with the common procedures proposed in the literature on the basis of simulated and real data.

1. LATAR BELAKANG Pencarian (searching) merupakan suatu pekerjaan yang sering dikerjakan dalam kehidupan sehari-hari. Ada kalanya kita mencari sesuatu dengan tujuan hanya untuk mengetahui apakah data tersebut ada dalam sekumpulan data atau tidak, sementara di lain waktu mungkin kita menginginkan posisi dari data yang dicari tersebut. Dalam Algoritma pencarian (searching,) ada beberapa metode pencarian Seperti: Metode linier (Linear Search), Metode Biner (Binary Search), Metode interpolasi (Interpolation Search). Masing-masing algoritma memiliki prasyarat dan cara serta waktu pelaksanaan yang berbeda. Pemilihan atas metoda pencarian dilakukan berdasarkan keadaan dan keinginan pengguna metoda yang biasanya tergantung pada jumlah data, jenis data dan struktur data yang digunakan. Sedangkan sorting mempunyai beberapa metode dalam pengurutan, diantaranya: Bubble Sorting, Selection Sorting, Insertion Sorting, Merge Sorting, Quick Sorting. Judul laporan praktikum matakuliah praktikum algoritma dan pemrograman III ini adalah Searching dan Sorting. Searching dibagi menjadi dua bagian, yaitu: Sequential Search dan Binary Search. Salah satu tujuan membuat laporan praktikum ini adalah sebagai syarat kelulusan matakuliah praktikum Algoritma dan Pemrograman III. 2. RUMUSAN 1. Bagaimana merancang searching dan sorting. 2. Bagaimana mengimplementasikan program searching dan sorting.PHP?

Plato in the Myth of Er alters the traditional view of the cosmos in Ancient Greece to allow for the doctrine of metempsychosis. The modification is threefold. A new topography is needed so that souls can circulate forever through heaven and the underworld. New social rites
are called for by an expanding demography: many souls being in transit, Plato suggests taking to the cosmos military and religious practices adapted to bigger crowds, and also adapts the traditional practice of drawing lots to big numbers. New analogies are also needed to give to
the many a representation of the mechanism of the universe: Plato brings the fuse of the spinner into the Sky in order to achieve that goal.
Platon, dans le Mythe d’Er, modifie la représentation traditionnelle du cosmos en Grèce ancienne pour y faire place à la doctrine de la transmigration des âmes. La modification concerne la topographie du Ciel et des Enfers de telle sorte que puisse s’y dérouler une circulation perpétuelle des âmes. Il s’agit aussi d’une modification démographique et sociale : le cosmos est traversé par un grand flux d’âmes, et Platon est amené à y transposer des pratiques militaires et religieuses adéquates aux collectivités, et à envisager une modification de la pratique traditionnelle du tirage au sort pour l’adapter aux grands nombres. Enfin, il donne une nouvelle analogie technique à la représentation de l’univers, avec la reconstitution grandiose de la mécanique céleste à partir du fuseau de la fileuse.

In order to produce synthesis gas (syngas), four reforming processes including two stand-alone primary and secondary reformers and two combined configurations are investigated. With changing operating parameters and arrangement of the reformers (i.e. stand-alone, parallel, and series), the syngas may be obtained for different applications such as methanol, Fischer-Tropsch (FT), and ammonia synthesis. After study of several arrangements, the selected cases are simulated. Due to the shift some reforming duty from the primary reformer to the secondary one, the primary size and the total fired duty are reduced. The Non-Sorting Genetic Algorithm II (NSGA-II) optimization method is applied for the problem based on the practical point of view. It is shown that the parallel case is preferable in accordance to the high productivity object. For an optimum point, parallel case has 58% of productivity of syngas more than that of series one. However, the series configuration consumes lower fuel (361.1 kmol h−1, in comparison to the parallel case with 437.19) and releases lower amount of CO2 emission. It is shown that the series arrangement has an average of 13.22% of released CO2 molar flow less than that of parallel arrangement.

Unlike several studies, which employed mostly descriptive and exploratory approaches in explaining malpractice, this study contributes to knowledge by empirically examining the malpractice phenomenon with respect to its: common manifestations, initiator and relationship with selected demographic and psychological factors. The survey involved the administration of questionnaires to a conveniently selected sample of 350 Undergraduates from three Universities (a federal, a state and a private owned University) in Edo State, Nigeria. Data obtained were analyzed using both descriptive and inferential statistics. Result obtained revealed that "Giraffing" was the commonest form of malpractice among undergraduates. Intention to engage in malpractice was found to be higher among males and students in public Universities. Level of preparation and perceived difficulty of examination were found to be the most significant psychological variables affecting intention to engage in malpractice. Curbing malpractice will therefore require Government and University authorities to strategize on managing these two variables.

Arrivés dans le courant des années 1990, les mineurs non accompagnés sont des individus de moins de 18 ans qui, après un parcours migratoire, se trouvent sur le territoire français sans leur représentant légal. Enfants en danger devant être pris en charge inconditionnellement par les services départementaux compétents, pourquoi ces mineurs sont-ils devenus les objets d’une politique du tri et du contrôle ? Comment ces considérations ont-elles pu s’inviter dans le champ de la protection de l’enfance ? Qui sont les acteurs impliqués dans ce basculement du parcours dédié aux mineurs non accompagnés ? Mineurs à protéger d’un côté et étrangers à contrôler de l’autre, cette population est perçue à travers des représentations bipolaires qui ont conduit à l’édification de frontières administratives, institutionnelles et symboliques jalonnant aujourd’hui le parcours de l’accueil de ces jeunes. Alors que leur minorité et leur isolement devraient suffire à justifier une prise en charge, le soupçon qui plane sur ces jeunes a fait de ces deux critères des données scrupuleusement vérifiées par les autorités. La contribution revient sur la logique de sous-traitance de la mission d’évaluation et de mise à l’abri ayant permis d’exclure ces mineurs du circuit traditionnel de la protection de l’enfance. Associations, organisations humanitaires, société civile, ministère de la Justice incarnent les nouveaux protagonistes d’un paysage de l’accueil, où les idéaux et les engagements en matière de défense du droit des enfants ont été relégués au second plan.

Mots-clés : mineurs non accompagnés, sous-traitance, protection de l’enfance, politique migratoire, discrimination, associations, contrôle, tri

Arrived in the course of the 1990s, unaccompanied minors are individuals under 18 who, after a migratory journey, are on French territory without their legal representative. Children at risk to be cared for unconditionally by the relevant departmental services, why these minors have become the objects of a policy of sorting and control? How could these considerations have been invoked in the field of child protection? Who are the actors involved in this changeover of the path dedicated to unaccompanied minors? Minors to protect on one side and foreigners to control on the other, the bipolarity of representations that surrounds this population has led to the construction of administrative, institutional and symbolic boundaries that today mark the course of the reception of these youth. While their minority and their isolation should be sufficient to justify a care, the suspicion that hangs over these young people made these two criteria data scrupulously verified by the authorities. The contribution goes back to the logic of subcontracting the evaluation and shelter mission which made it possible to exclude these minors from the traditional circuit of child protection. Associations, humanitarian organizations, civil society, the Ministry of Justice, embody the new protagonists of a welcoming landscape where ideals and commitments to the defense of the rights of children have been relegated to the background.

Keywords: unaccompanied minors, subcontracting, child protection, migration policy, discrimination, associations, control, sorting