Sports and Media

NEWS IN BOTSWANA
Themes in Contemporary Journalism
By Richard Rooney

Chapter headings:
1 Introduction  4
2 Overview  14
3 Law  39
4 Ethics  61
5 Gender  91
6 LGBTI  112
7 Botswana Television  144
8 Coverage of elections  165
9 Sports pages 186
10 Contribution to governance 201

Men’s rhythmic gymnastics has been developed uniquely in Japan since the late 1940s. It gains a certain amount of domestic reputation to be adopted as the main motif of the dance performance at the Olympics handover ceremony in Rio 2016, though it is neither recognised as Olympic sport nor competed in the world championships. At the ceremony, Japanese pop culture was represented in the video and at the venue Japan’s prime minister played Super Mario and men’s-rhythmic-led dance performance was delivered to the audience. This implies men’s rhythmic is possibly one of ‘Cool Japan’ exports rather than just a kind of gymnastics.However, men’s rhythmic once failed as an export. In the early 2000s, the committee sent coaches overseas with the aim of promoting men’s rhythmic globally. World championships were held in 2003 and 2005 as a result, but since the project was aborted in 2006, men’s rhythmic has not practiced in the countries with a few exceptions in Canada and Russia.In this study, the authors will examine the reason why the coach dispatch project was not successful at least on a long-term basis, and then focus on an example in Canada where men’s rhythmic is still practiced but as a slight different style, to describe what modifications the interviewees regard men’s rhythmic needs to accomplish global success. Through these analyses, the authors will consider men’s rhythmic in terms of three pairs of concepts: global – domestic, sport – culture, and spectacle – gymnastics for all.

La globalització del futbol és un fenomen que ens ha d’interessar com a experts en comunicació. El FC Barcelona i el RCD Espanyol serveixen per a explicar la importància de la comunicació en la repercussió mundial de dues entitats locals.

This article examines the recent move by many television sports broadcasters of streaming their content online behind geographically restricted “geofences.” Despite the increasing use of this distribution method, we argue that Internet users are increasingly bypassing geofences that center sports consumption within a nationalized television broadcasting framework through the use of VPN (virtual private network) technologies. Importantly, the geographic fluidity of the Internet often allows users to do this legally—producing meaningful ruptures in the logic that seeks to replicate the structures of mediation central to the television broadcast model within the space of the Internet. We argue that the streaming of sports content, then, should be understood and analyzed as an enforcement of corporate media strategies and reflection of telecommunication policy, as well as a cultural practice and tactic. Large transnational media corporations, typically the holders of popular sporting rights, attempt to bend digital sports content consumption to the broadcast models that they have historically employed. Yet, amidst this emerging model of digital broadcasting lie the problems of digital geography and the cultural practice of a streaming culture within the conditions of post-convergence. This practice often rejects the restrictions and stipulations of digital broadcasting in favor of a globetrotting, station-hopping exercise of content hunting.

Die Massenmedien haben wesentlich zur Formation und vor allem zur Verbreitung (bzw. Propagierung) der eigenen bzw. fremden nationalen Identität beigetragen. Unser Forschungsparadigma stammt aus dem Bereich der Sportberichterstattung. Den Ausgangspunkt bildet ein internationales Großereignis (die Fußball-WM 2006), das in Deutschland stattgefunden hat. Dabei beschäftigen wir uns mit der allgemeinen Konstruktion von Nation und insbesondere mit dem konstruktiven Diskurs über die Deutschen durch die griechischen Massenmedien. Anhand von Beispielen aus dem Korpus wird der griechische massenmediale Diskurs über die Deutschen veranschaulicht. Gleichzeitig wird die Konstruktion des griechischen Selbstbildes durch Kategorisierung und  Kontrastierung thematisiert

The fixture England versus Germany has caused one of the biggest discussion points in the second half of the 20 th century: the third goal scored by Geoff Hurst in the 1966 World Cup Final has caused debates over whether the ball has crossed the line or not. In the end two English computer scientists from Oxford have concluded that the ball had not crossed the line. Besides this encounter England and Germany have provided interesting games over the course of the 20 th century. Reading the press coverage of the games provides an interesting insight into the English mindset regarding people from other countries. The Anglo-German relations of the last century can best be described as difficult, which is largely due to the political history of two disastrous world wars. The article examines how the English sports press has covered football matches, friendlies as well as competitive games between England and Germany. Three games shall be looked at more closely: the first match after the war in December 1954 when West Germany, the newly crowned World Cup champions came to Wembley. The second game in question is the World Cup final of 1966. For the first time in history England would welcome a number of countries to stay more than just a few days-in the case of Germany more than a month. Finally, thirty years later, England were once more hosting an international tournament: the Euro ´96. Once more Germany would stay a prolonged time in England. This time however, the historical circumstances had changed quite significantly: Germany was no longer divided, raising concerns whether the country at the centre of so much pain and suffering during the 20 th century would steer towards a repetition of history or not. The article will look at how the Germans were portrayed in press reports before and after matches, allowing conclusions how the English press reporters saw their own team. All three matches will be examined through the prism of press coverage. Three papers have been Running head: SPORT AND ITS DOUBLES-CHAPTER 1

Resumen: En la actualidad el deporte está presente en gran parte de los mensajes publicitarios. Tradicionalmente estos anuncios están protagonizados por grandes figuras del deporte en activo. Pero, en un momento de crisis como el actual, los ex-deportistas han adquirido un nuevo protagonismo. Este trabajo analiza su presencia en el panorama publicitario español reciente. El propósito de esta investigación es reconocer sus rasgos distintivos. El análisis se ha realizado sobre 8 anuncios entre 2011 y 2013, correspondientes a distintas firmas comerciales. Los resultados han permitido determinar qué valores propios encarnan los ex deportistas y su manera de presentarlos en la publicidad. Abstract: Nowadays sports are present in many advertising messages. Traditionally most of these are made by famous sports icons that are active. But in these rough times of crisis many of ex-athletes are playing a new role. This paper analyzes their role in the recent Spanish advertising scenario. The main purpose of this research is focused in recognizing different features of these messages. The analysis was performed on 8 advertisements broadcasted between 2011 and 2013, focusing on eight major brands. This research showed what mostly of former athletes values are and how they present them in commercials and advertising field.