Turkish Press

The death of world football legend Diego Armando Maradona was on the top of the agenda of Turkish media as well as all over the world. Maradona has found a place in Turkish society at different times not only as a football player or manager but also as a rebellious, funny, and astonishing figure. This study consists of two parts in total: The first section focuses on media figures in the globalized world and it provides examples of Maradona with Turkey crossroads. Here, it is investigated by which representations the physical existence is established. Although the identity of the players or coaches worked in Turkey, though, points of intersection with Turkey in recent history, have been of crucial importance for the transport of these attributes until today. In the second part of the study, contents published in the Turkish printing press are investigated during their dissemination in the first week after the death of Maradona,. The study is focused on newspapers, columns, and thematic magazines; The memory, evaluation, and exemplification related to Maradona are evaluated by the "content analysis" methods. Findings of the study; Maradona is not only a footballer, but also a powerful figure with an ideological point of view, and is a celebrity personality that has always been curious; they, with the historical intersections corresponding to the projection of the recent history of Turkey and axles, are forming the meaning of the name Maradona. As a result, it can be said that the examined newspapers and magazines published memories by focusing on Maradona's different identities.

ÖZ
ALEVİLİK OLGUSU BAĞLAMINDA SİVAS OLAYI'NIN TÜRK YAZILI
BASININA YANSIMALARI

Alevilik, yüzyıllardır Anadolu topraklarında yaşayan, özellikle de göçebe
halkın inançları arasında kendisine yer bulmuştur. Ancak bu inanç farklı dönemlerde
farklı yönetimlerin dikkatini üzerine çekmiş ve bu da toplumsal sorunları beraberinde
getirmiştir. Bu sorunlar zaman içinde gelişen bir takım olaylarla daha da belirgin hale
gelmiş ve 'Alevilik' olgusu Türkiye'nin tartışılan konularından biri haline gelmiştir.
Aleviliği ve Aleviliğe dair sorunları Türkiye'nin gündeminden düşürmeyen en
önemli konulardan biri de 2 Temmuz 1993'te yaşanan Sivas Olayı'dır. Medyanın
aracılığıyla tüm Türkiye'nin gözü önünde gerçekleşen olay halen gerek görsel,
gerekse yazılı basında oldukça geniş ölçüde yer almaktadır.
Dört bölümden oluşan bu çalışmada, haber olgusunun ne olduğuna ve basının
işlevine etik bağlamında açıklık getirilmiştir. Alevilik olgusunun ne olduğuna ve
tarihsel süreç içinde Aleviliğe ve toplum içindeki yerine etki eden olaylara
değinilmiş, medyanın toplumsal sorumluluğuna dikkat çekilerek, Alevilik ile ilgili
sorunlar irdelenmiştir. Bunun yanında Alevi inançlı toplumun doğrudan veya dolaylı
etkilendiği olaylara değinilmiş, bu bağlamda 2 Temmuz 1993 yılında meydana gelen
Sivas Olayı hakkında yaygın ve yerel basında çıkan haberler içerik analizi
yöntemiyle incelenmiştir. Öte yandan Alevilik ile ilgili sorunların ele alındığı 2009
Alevi Çalıştayı hakkında tüm yerel ve yaygın basında çıkan haberler de içerik analizi
yöntemiyle incelenmiştir. Çalışmanın sonucunda, olayların veya çalıştayın gündemde
olduğu dönemde yerel ve yaygın basında oldukça yoğun bir şekilde haberlerin yer
aldığı ancak bu haberlerin Aleviliğe dair sorunlara yönelik çözüme katkısı olmadığı
görülmüştür.
Anahtar Kelimeler: Alevilik, 2 Temmuz Sivas Olayı, 2009 Alevi Çalıştayı, Türk
Yazılı Basını, Haber
IV
ABSTRACT
IN CONTEXT OF ALAWİTES PHENOMENON REFLECTİONS
OF SİVAS INCİDENT ON TURKİSH NEWSPAPERS

Alawites existing in Anatolia for hundereds of years, it had been widely
spread in between nomadic peoples belief. Alawites way of believing has been
attractive to different kind of governance and created social problems. These
problems has became visible after some certain incidents and Alawites has became
one of the main issue that being discussed in Turkeys daily agenda. One of the main
reason that Alawites has been discussed so widely in recent years is Sivas Incident
which happened in 2 July 1993. The case covered widely and nearly became alive in
those days memories and still widely being covered by both papers and televisions.
This piece of work has 4 chapters. The focus is about what is news
phenomenon and the function of media from ethical perspective. Additionally the
effect of different incident on identity of Alawites and historical development of the
Alawites phenomenon has been discussed. Besides The Alawite case has been
studied by drawing attention to the social responsibility of media. In addition to this
the incidents that effected alawites directly or in directly are covered and specific
case study 2 July 1993, Sivas Incident has widely studied by content analyzing
method of both local and national news that broadcasted. Apart from that the Alawite
Workshop 2009 examined by same methodology.
Result of this study indicates that during incidents or workshops both local
and national media have covered the case extensively but the approach of media has
not contribute to solution of Alawites problems.
Key Words: The Alawite Sect, 2 July Sivas Incident, 2009 Alawite Workshop,
Turkish Papers, News

The newspaper of Papağan, started to be published by Orhan Seyfi on the date of 23 April 1924, continued its publishing life during 239 issues. In this study, it is examined two-year-publication activity of Papağan whose content was full of literary texts written by humorous style and that gave important information about the period when the newspaper was published. In the first section of the study, consisting of five sections, it is mentioned that development process of Turkish press and made an evaluation about literature and press in the axis of humor and satire. In the second section, Papağan’s start and process of broadcast, editorial policy and shape features are investigated; its writer, poet and cartoonist team is introduced by considering their activities in the newspaper of Papağan. At the end of the second section, genres that make up the content of the newspaper are evaluated. In the third section, there are two indexs: The first one is created according to the names of authors and poets, and the second one is created according to the genres of texts in the newspaper. In the fourth section, selected texts chosen from the newspaper, prepared by considering its features, are transliterated into Latin alphabet. In the fifth section, it is made a general assessment about the charectiristics, significance and content of the newspaper.

Özet:
Bu çalışmada, 2003 Irak Savaşı'nın gerekçesi olarak gösterilen Kitle İmha Silahlarının (KİS) Irak'taki varlığı sorunu araştırılmak istenmiştir. Ayrıca Saddam rejiminin El-Kaide Terör Örgütü ile bağlantısı üzerinde durulmuştur. Dolayısıyla makalede öncelikle, ABD tarafından ileri sürülen bu iki iddia ve onun I.Körfez Savaşı sonrası Irak politikası değerlendirilmiş, akabinde 2001 saldırılarından sonraki ABD'nin dış politikası irdelenmiştir. Çalışmanın üçüncü bölümünde Irak Savaşı'nın birinci yıldönümüne kadar geçen sürede, Dünya medyasından Türk basınına yansıyan haberler değerlendirilmiş, ABD'nin ortaya attığı şekliyle Irak'ta KİS olup olmadığına dair sonuçlar elde edilmeye çalışılmıştır.
Anahtar Kelimeler: ABD, Irak, Kitle İmha Silahları (KİS), Terör, Savaş.

Abstract:
In this study, the problem of the existence of Weapons of Mass Destruction (WMD) in Iraq which was shown as the reason for the 2003 Iraq War was asked to investigated. In addition, Saddam's regime with al-Qaeda Terrorist Organization focused on the connection. Therefore, in this article, firstly, these two claims put forward by United States and its Iraqi policy was evaluated after the first Gulf War. Subsequently, the foreign policy of U.S. after the 2001 was discussed. In the third section of the, the time until the first anniversary of the Iraq War, the world press news was reflected in the Turkish press was evaluated, as proposed by the United States, results for the existence of WMD in Iraq, tried to be taken.
Key Words: USA, Iraq, Weapons Of Mass Destruction (WMD), Terror, War

World War I, which starter in 1914, resulted in the victory of the allied powers. While the states that emerged with a defeat from World War I tried to heal their wounds, the status quo supporter states such as England and France, who left the war with victory, took a stand in favor ofthe preservation of the current situation. The aggressive policy of Germany who ended the World War I with a destructive treaty such as Versailles, and Italy who took side with it brought the world
to the brink of a new war. And, in the World War I, Turkey struggled for life and death in the War of Independence without healing its wounds. Turkey tried to consolidate the roots of the newly established state with his policy before World War II, and even the idea of being a party to a new war was too hard for the country.
People who governed Turkey during the war saw it and gained experience about the war.İsmet İnönü, in particular, based on his experience, kept the country out of war as a principle. During the years of 1939-1945, İnönü’s thoughts were reflected in his parliamentary speeches. And in his opening speech in 1939, he said that his purpose was to prevent progress of war and hoped the end of war. 1939-1942 period, he has voiced in the speeches of the irrelevance of war, while in 1943 the opening speech, İnönü who said that, although Turkey remained out of the war, he felt the harmful effects of war and in his speech in 1944 his positive expressions were seen in favor of the allies. In his speech in 1945; He explained that no one has the right to live on Turkish territory and that they will continue to live as honorable people.
İnönü’s speeches have had a wide impact in the Turkish and foreign press, and articles about his speeches have been written. In this study, every fine detail that is available in the press about
İnönü’s speeches has been included and tried to be conveyed to the reader. During the study, the relevant literature was reviewed and blended with the information in the press.
Keywords: World War Second, İsmet İnönü, Parliament, England, Germany, France

Turkey has become the first and main transition hub for Syrian refugees. Furthermore, Turkey is spatially as well as culturally simultaneously referred to as European and Asian or Middle Eastern depending the point of view. Therefore, the representation of refugees in the Turkish press proves significant for the knowledge produced about refugees. Accordingly, this chapter strives to investigate the coverage of Syrian refugees in newspapers, which constitutes only one aspect of the overall reception of the issue in Turkey, and therefore does not claim to be exhaustive. Yet, because daily newspapers are still among the most important media sectors in Turkey, they constitute a special case of knowledge production worth investigating.

Bu yazının amacı, “zina tartışmasını” konu alan köşe yazılarındaki kamusal/özel yaşam tahayyüllerinin eleştirel bir değerlendirmesini yapmaktır. Bu köşe yazılarında zinanın bireyin özel yaşamıyla ya da genel toplumsal çıkarlarla ilişkili olarak tanımlanmasında kamusal/özel ayrımına yönelik temel bazı varsayımlardan hareket edilmiştir. Çalışmada öncelikle, kamusal ve özel ayrımının tarihsel boyutlarına ve bu ayrımın yapılanma biçimine yönelik eleştirilere yer verilecektir. Ardından zinayla ilişkili olarak, liberal ve toplulukçu görüşlerin temel argümanları özel yaşam, kamusal yarar ve ortak iyi gibi kavramlar çerçevesinde ele alınacaktır. Son bölümde köşe yazarlarının zinaya yönelik görüşlerinin farklı kamusal ve özel yaşam kavrayışlarıyla nasıl eklemlendiği ve hukuki bir düzenlemeye ilişkin kamusal tartışmanın hangi noktalarda düğümlendiği sorgulanacaktır.

At the heart of the United States is the philosophy of an organization of immigrants. Everyone, including both the white people and the ones who took place in the foundation of USA are immigrants yet none of the states do not want to have immigrants or refugees and do not want to share the limited resources.  Hollywood TV sector also has such policies and diversity is given prominence. But, racism takes place where diversity exists, and this is a big problem for the USA. While struggle with this problem the American media companies also make anti-racist policies and pronounce their discourses in this way. And this can be even the USA president who pronounces this discourse. This article examines the way racist discourses of Trump, the USA president, take place in the USA press within the context of antiracism policies and also discusses whether the same news keeps the anti-racism context in Turkish media. 3 USA press organizations in which Trump’s discourses about Muslims, Mexicans and the women before the USA elections have been reported as news and 3 important Turkish press are evaluated.

Starting from the 2000s, when the neo-liberal conservative AKP (Justice and Development Party) came to power in Turkey, the neo-Ottomanist idea and identity became more visible as a political discourse in the public sphere. Increased use of neo-Ottomanist references, especially within the past ten years, has also appeared through popular cultural products such as books, feature films, TV commercials and TV series. Redefining the concept of Turkish nationalism and Turkish–Islamic synthesis within the neo-Ottomanist context, these products transferred these Ottomanist references into the popular arena. These attempts are not always welcomed by the AKP due to disagreements about the definition of Turkish conservatism and have sparked criticism. In this study, press coverage of Prime Minister Recep Tayyip Erdoğan’s neo-Ottomanist reaction and criticism towards the very content of a TV series, titled Muhteşem Yüzyıl/The Magnificent Century (Tims Productions, Star TV, 2011–14), has been analysed. The research sample consisted of three national dailies, Cumhuriyet, Radikal and Yeni Şafak, and the newspapers were examined using the method of content analysis. As a result, it can be argued that the sample newspapers have supported different ideological backgrounds around the discussions and speculations regarding the The Magnificent Century.

Türkiye’de 1993 yılında Anayasa’da yapılan değişiklikle yayıncılık alanındaki devlet tekelinin kaldırılmasıyla
özel radyo ve televizyon kanalları hızla çoğalmıştır. Söz konusu değişikliğin ardından 3984 sayılı Radyo ve Televizyonların
Kuruluş ve Yayınları Hakkında Kanun kabul edilmiş ve kanunla birlikte ticari radyo ve televizyon yayınlarını
düzenleyici kurum olarak Radyo ve Televizyon Üst Kurulu (RTÜK) kurulmuştur. Yayıncılık alanındaki hızlı
gelişmeler ve yasal gereklilikler, söz konusu kanunun üzerinde 20 civarında değişiklik yapılmasına yol açmış ve nihayet
yeni bir yasa yapmak kaçınılmaz olmuştur. 3 Mart 2011’de yürürlüğe giren 6112 Sayılı Radyo ve Televizyonların
Kuruluş ve Yayın Hizmetleri Hakkında Kanun, özellikle yasal gerekçeleri ve iletişim teknolojisindeki gelişmeleri dikkate
alarak AB tam üyelik müzakereleri kapsamında ve AB Görsel-İşitsel Medya Hizmetleri Yönergesi çerçevesinde
yapılmıştır. Yeni yasanın içerdiği önemli değişiklikler; radyo ve televizyon yayıncılığını AB standartlarına uyumlu
hale getirmesinin yanında yabancı payını %50’ye çıkarması, reklâm gelirlerinden ödenen payı %3’e indirmesi, IPTV,
WebTV, MobilTV gibi yeni yayın tekniklerine ve isteğe bağlı yayıncılığa imkân tanıması, kamu yayıncılığını yalnızca
TRT’ye tahsis etmesi, sayısal-karasal yayına geçilmesini takvime bağlaması olarak sıralanabilir. Bu çalışma, 3984
sayılı yasayı ve AB müktesebatını dikkate alarak 6112 sayılı yasanın içerdiği önemli değişiklikleri değerlendirmeyi
ve yeni dönemde ortaya çıkabilecek sorunlara ilave perspektifler sunmayı amaçlamaktadır.

The Soviet Union, one of the two most powerful states in the war with America after the end of World War II, have found a number of demands from Turkey. He started to put pressure on Turkey, especially on the Straits. In the face of this attitude of the Soviets, Turkey has been looking for an ally from the West. The United States emerged as the country in which it could be ally in seeking. On the one hand while striving to build relationships with America, on the other hand has been tried to constitute democracy because of foreign policiy concerns in Turkey by multiparty life.
The Republican People’s Party saw that the Democratic Party (DP) established on January 6, 1946, after multiparty life passion, quickly gathered supporters and wanted to secure its government for another four years by taking one year. DP was not organized in the whole country because the elections were about 6 months. The organization of the party in Ayvalık corresponds to May. In this respect, the election work for the Ayvalik DP organization has become much more difficult.
Although multi-party allegations were passed, anti-democratic clauses in the Election Law and the attitudes of administrators stained the 1946 General Elections. In Ayvalık, parallel discussions have been made to the rest of the country, it was claimed that the Ayvalik DP organization was cheating in the elections and that it was against the Election Law, on the other hand, The CHP has suggested that the elections are held in full honesty and fraternity. Similar events took place in the elections of the Provincial General Assembly after the general elections, the opposition blamed the government. Both in the 1946 general election and in the election of the provincial general assembly, those living in Ayvalık constituted an example of Turkey's new political atmosphere.

The subject of this study is, in scope of the Allied began to gain power at the fronts and they evaluated Turkey as a manpower resource in order to defeat Germany in a short time, and as a result of this the meetings which made by British Foreign Minister Eden and Turkey's Foreign Minister Menemencioglu at the Second World War period and took place in Cairo. In this context, the study will focus on the negotiations of the foreign ministers of the two Allied countries, which started in Cairo on 5-6 November 1943. As a result of this focusing, the study aims to detect the presentation of the evaluations and comments both in Turkey’s and foreign press to the public when negotiations begin. Within the scope of this aim, by using the document scanning method in the National Library Periodical Publications Department, the implementation of the process is explained in the light of the informations obtained from the national press of that era, especially the reviews of the editorials. In conclusion, it is understood that Ankara and Istanbul press apply the official communiqué which was published after the Cairo Interviews with different evaluations. The study includes an originality that is different from its peers in the literature, because it’s explaining the Cairo meetings from the press of the era.
Key Words: The Second World War, 1943 Cairo Meetings, Anthony Eden, Numan Menemencioğlu, Turkish Press.