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Controlled infection with SARS-CoV-2 of people who hadnât previously been exposed to the virus reveals how molecular and cellular signatures of the immune response portend effective defence against COVID-19.
A sheet of graphene sandwiched between electrolytes can host independently tunable proton and electron currents â setting the stage for a device that serves both computer-memory and logic functions.
A little-studied sensory structure called the Krause corpuscle is responsible for detecting light touch and is essential for normal sexual behaviour in mice. The findings have interesting implications for human sexual intimacy.
Scientists have long sought to explain how fish can sense the direction of sound, given the challenges that hearing underwater poses. An experimental study testing a variety of models now provides some answers.
The number of errors produced by an LLM can be reduced by grouping its outputs into semantically similar clusters. Remarkably, this task can be performed by a second LLM, and the methodâs efficacy can be evaluated by a third.
Evidence from neuroscience and related fields suggests that language and thought processes operate in distinct networks in the human brain and that language is optimized for communication and not for complex thought.
This Perspective considers the implications of advances in human physiology, single-cell and spatial transcriptomics and long-term culture of resected human brain tissue for the study of network-level activity in human neuroscience.
This Perspective views brain development in terms of developmental tempo along the human lineage and reviews the contributions of recent technical advances to our understanding of neurodevelopment.
A molecule called IL-27 is involved in several immune responses. Congenital alterations in the gene encoding a subunit of the IL-27 receptor result in susceptibility to severe infections with the EpsteinâBarr virus. However, IL-27 is also required for the proliferation of virus-infected B cells that become cancerous, so deficiency in the receptor might have a protective role against cancers associated with EpsteinâBarr virus.
Imaging of all synaptic connections of individual neurons in larval zebrafish across several days and nights indicates that sleep is necessary, but not sufficient, for the sleep-associated loss of synapses. Both the need to sleep accumulated during wake â known as sleep pressure â and the sleep state itself are required for synapse removal.
A simple peptide has been found to make disordered interactions with water, forming a self-healing glass that can also be used as an adhesive coating. The findings point the way to sustainable alternatives to conventional glass.
Certain air sacs have evolved in multiple lineages of soaring birds, and it emerges that these probably function to reduce the force required from the major flight muscles as they hold the wings in place during gliding and soaring.
The enzyme angiogenin functions in stress responses and aids the formation of blood vessels. It emerges that the ribosome takes a break from its usual role of making proteins to activate angiogenin and position it to cleave transfer RNA.
A strategy for training a robotic exoskeleton through simulation takes the user out of the equation â saving users of wearable devices time and energy, and smoothing the transition between different types of movement.
A newly characterized neural circuit enables the brain to sense and monitor inflammatory responses in the body, and in turn shape the course of the immune reaction. Artificial activation of components of this bodyâbrain circuit in mouse models of inflammation and immune disorders prevented uncontrolled and dysregulated inflammatory reactions.
Focusing on the role of external forcing, an investigation of the causes of observed changes in the tropical Pacific surface warming pattern over recent decades discusses a possible shift in the drivers of this pattern.
The Cavendish Laboratoryâs director, Brian Pippard, comments on the landscape of physics research in 1974, plus the benefits of applying thermodynamics to physiology, in the weekly dip in Natureâs archive.
In June 2004, the results of an ambitious Antarctic ice-drilling project brought insight into hundreds of thousands of years of climatic changes. The extraordinary sample still has much to offer climate research â even as its successor is being drilled.
