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    Medical Imaging

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    sri
    The central slice theorem states that the one-dimensional Fourier transform of a projection obtained at an angle θ is equal to the radial slice of the two-dimensional Fourier transform of the object taken at the same angle θ. It demonstrates the relationship between the projection space and Fourier space domains of an imaging system. The theorem allows reconstructing the object from its projections by using the separability of the two-dimensional Fourier transform.

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    Medical Imaging

    Uploaded by

    sri
    134 views6 pages
    The central slice theorem states that the one-dimensional Fourier transform of a projection obtained at an angle θ is equal to the radial slice of the two-dimensional Fourier transform of the object taken at the same angle θ. It demonstrates the relationship between the projection space and Fourier space domains of an imaging system. The theorem allows reconstructing the object from its projections by using the separability of the two-dimensional Fourier transform.

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    The central slice theorem states that the one-dimensional Fourier transform of a projection obtained at an angle θ is equal to the radial slice of the two-dimensional Fourier transform of the object taken at the same angle θ. It demonstrates the relationship between the projection space and Fourier space domains of an imaging system. The theorem allows reconstructing the object from its projections by using the separability of the two-dimensional Fourier transform.

    Copyright:

    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    134 views6 pages

    Medical Imaging

    Uploaded by

    sri
    The central slice theorem states that the one-dimensional Fourier transform of a projection obtained at an angle θ is equal to the radial slice of the two-dimensional Fourier transform of the object taken at the same angle θ. It demonstrates the relationship between the projection space and Fourier space domains of an imaging system. The theorem allows reconstructing the object from its projections by using the separability of the two-dimensional Fourier transform.

    Copyright:

    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    of 6

    Equations

    Slice Selection : Better Approximation : ideal O2D (x, y ) =

    3D

    (x, y,z) (z zs )dz

    z zs dz O2D (x, y ) = O3D (x, y,z)TopHat 1 z 2

    Radon Transform :
    ~

    P (,z) =

    O(x, y)(x cos( ) + y sin( ) + z)


    dx

    Fourier Transform : g(k ) = Central Slice Theorem :

    G(x)e

    ikx

    k z = k x cos( ) + ky sin( ) z = x cos( ) + y sin( ) Or (x, y ) = 1

    Back Projection :

    P (,z)d
    0 ~

    Map :

    O r (k x ,k y )= P (,k z ) where k z = kx cos( ) + k y sin( )

    More Organized Proof of The Central Slice Theorem

    The PSF associated with the simple Bach projection is: PSF Or (x, y ) = O(x, y )
    BF

    1 r

    1 x2 + y2

    where Or (x, y ) = B{P (,z)} and B = 1

    P ( x cos( ) + y sin( ))d


    1 0

    Or (x, y ) 123 4 4

    O(x, y ) 123

    1 x2 + y2 1 24 4 3 1 k

    Or (k x ,k y ) so

    O(k x ,k y )

    O(k x ,k y ) = k Or (k x ,k y )

    More Organized Proof of The Central Slice Theorem

    1. 2. P ( , z) =

    O(x, y )(x cos( ) + y sin( ) z)dxdy

    Equate the z axis with a tilted reference frame x ' || z, y ' z and x ' = x cos( ) + y sin( ) x = x ' cos( ) y ' sin( ) y = x ' sin( ) + y ' cos( )

    3.

    Substitute # 2 into #1 and change integral to dx ' dy ' (still over all space) P ( , z) =

    O(x cos( ) y sin( ), x sin( ) + y cos( ))(x z)dx dy


    ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' '

    '

    4.

    Integrate along x ' and note that z is only a point along the x ' axis. P , x ' =

    ( ) O(x cos( ) y sin( ), x sin( ) + y cos( ))dy


    ) (
    O x ' cos( ) y ' sin( ), x ' sin( ) + y ' cos( ) e

    5.

    Fourier Transform along x ' p , kx ' =


    ~

    ix ' k

    x'

    dx ' dy '

    More Organized Proof of The Central Slice Theorem

    6. Transform back to the (x, y ) coordinate system p ,kx ' = 7.


    ~

    ) O(x, y )e

    i(x cos( )+ y sin( ))k

    x'

    dxdy

    Define the tilted k space coordinate system. k x = k x ' cos( ) ky ' sin( ) k y = k x ' sin( ) k y ' cos( )

    8.

    Rewrite # 6 as p ,kx ' = p( ,kz ) =


    ~
    ~

    ) O(x, y )e

    i k ' cos( )k ' sin( ) x i k ' sin( )+ k ' cos( )y y y x x

    dxdy

    k ' =0
    y

    O(x, y
    )e ik xeik y dxdy
    x y y

    k ' =0
    y

    = F2D {O(x, y )} k ' =0

    The Central Slice Theorem

    Consider a 2-dimensional example of an emission imaging system. O(x,y) is the object function, describing the source distribution. The projection data, is the line integral along the projection direction.
    P 0o, y =

    ( ) O(x, y )dx

    The Central Slice Theorem can be seen as a consequence of the separability of a 2-D Fourier Transform.
    o(kx ,k y )=
    ~

    O(x, y)e

    ikx x iky y

    dxdy

    The 1-D Fourier Transform of the projection is,


    p(ky ) =
    ~

    P (0 , y)e = O(x, y )e = O(x, y )e


    o

    iky y

    dy

    iky y

    dxdy e dxdy

    iky y i 0x

    = o(0, ky )

    The Central Slice Theorem


    The one-dimensional Fourier transformation of a projection obtained at an angle J, is the same as the radical slice taken through the two-dimensional Fourier domain of the object at the same angle.
    O(x, y )

    Radon transform

    P , y '

    ( )

    2D FT

    1D FT

    o(kx ,k y )

    p ,k y '

    ( )

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