Code No: 07A7EC36 R07 Set No.

2
IV B.Tech I Semester Examinations,MAY 2011
DIGITAL CONTROL SYSTEMS
Electronics And Instrumentation Engineering
Time: 3 hours Max Marks: 80
Answer any FIVE Questions
All Questions carry equal marks

1. Draw a typical block diagram of a digital control system with state observer and
explain the same. Write the equation for the control signal in terms of reference
signal and observed state vector. [16]
2. Show that geometrically the patterns of the poles near z = 1 in the z-plane are
similar to the patterns of poles in the s-plane near the origin. [16]
3. The input and output of a sampled data system is described by the dierence
equation
c(n + 2) + 3c(n + 1) + 4c(n) = r(n + 1) - r(n)
Determine the Z - transfer function. [16]
4. (a) Explain:
i. Continuous time analog signal.
ii. Continuous time quantized signal.
iii. Sampled data signal.
iv. Digital signal.
(b) Explain any two dierent methods of D/A conversion? [8+8]
5. (a) Write short notes on primary and complementary strips.
(b) Consider the digital system shown in gure 1. [8+8]
Figure 1:
6. A block diagram of a digital control system is shown in Figure 2. Design a com-
pensator D(z) to meet the following specications:
(a) Velocity error constant, Kv 4 Sec.,
(b) Phase margin 400 and
(c) Band width =1.5 rad./sec. [16]
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Code No: 07A7EC36 R07 Set No. 2
Figure 2:
7. Find the state variable models for the following system represented by the dierence
equation
(a) y(k+3)+5y(k+2)+7y(k+1)+3y(k)=0.
(b) y(k+2)+3y(k+1)+2y(k)=5r(k+1)+3r(k). [8+8]
8. (a) State and explain the state controllability and observability of time invariant
systems.
(b) A discrete data control system is described by the state equation where
x(k + 1) =
A
x(k) +
B
u(k); Where A =
_
_
0 0 0
0 0.5 0
0 0 2
_
_
, B =
_
_
1
0
1
_
_
Determine the state controllability of the system. [8+8]

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Code No: 07A7EC36 R07 Set No. 4
IV B.Tech I Semester Examinations,MAY 2011
DIGITAL CONTROL SYSTEMS
Electronics And Instrumentation Engineering
Time: 3 hours Max Marks: 80
Answer any FIVE Questions
All Questions carry equal marks

1. A discrete time system is described the following dierence equation
y(k+2)+5y(k+1)+6y(k)=u(k).
y(0)=y(1)=0, T=1 sec.
(a) Determine the state model in canonical form.
(b) Find the state transition matrix.
(c) For input u(k) =1, k >=1, nd the output y(k). [16]
2. Show that the transfer function U(s) / E(s) of the PID controller shown below is
U(s)
E(s)
= K
0
T
1
+T
2
T
2
_
1 +
1
T
1
+T
2
+
_
T
1
T
2
.s
T
1
+T
2
__
Assume the gain K is very large compared with unity, or K >> 1 as shown in the
gure 3.
[16]
Figure 3:
3. (a) Find the inverse Z-transform of the following:
i. x(z) = (z(z+2))/(z 1)
2
.
ii. (2 Z+ Z)
3
/((Z - 2)
2
(Z-1)).
(b) Explain dierent properties and theorems of Z-transforms. [8+8]
4. (a) Discuss about stability analysis of a closed loop system?
(b) Find the range of K for the system shown in gure 4 to be stable using Jurys
test. [6+10]
5. Obtain the solution of the following dierence equation in terms of x(0) and x(1):
x(k + 2) + (a + b) x(k + 1) + abx(k) = 0
where a and b are constants and k = 0, 1, 2,..... [16]
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Code No: 07A7EC36 R07 Set No. 4
Figure 4:
6. Consider the digital process with the sate equations described by
x(k + 1) =
A
x(k) +
B
u(k)
C(k) =
D
X(k)
Where A =
_
0 1
1 1
_
B =
_
0
1
_
D =
_
2 0

Design a full order observer which will observe the states x1(k) and x2(k) from
the output C(k), having dead beat response. Write the dynamic equation for the
observer. [16]
7. (a) Explain the digital implementation of analog controllers in detail.
(b) Describe the three digital integration rules used for the digital implementation
of controllers and explain bilinear transformation briey. [8+8]
8. Consider the following continuous control system
_
_

x
1
(t)

x
2
(t)
_
_
=
_
1 1
0 1
_ _
x
1
(t)
x
2
(t)
_
+
_
0
1
_
u(t)
y(t) = x
1
(t)
The control signal u(k) is now generated by processing the signal u(t) through a
sampler and zero order hold. Study the controllability and observability properties
of the system under this condition. Determine the values of the sampling period
for which the discretised system may exhibit hidden oscillation. [16]

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Code No: 07A7EC36 R07 Set No. 1
IV B.Tech I Semester Examinations,MAY 2011
DIGITAL CONTROL SYSTEMS
Electronics And Instrumentation Engineering
Time: 3 hours Max Marks: 80
Answer any FIVE Questions
All Questions carry equal marks

1. Explain the steady -state error analysis of continuous - data control and discrete -
data control systems. [16]
2. (a) Determine the Z- transform of the following sequence:
f(k) =
_
1 k = 0, and even integers
1 k = odd integers
(b) State Z - transform and obtain the relation between Z- plane and S- plane
transformations. [8+8]
3. (a) Explain the conditions for complete state controllability and complete state
observability in the z - plane.
(b) Investigate the controllability and observability of the following system
_
x
1
(k + 1)
x
2
(k + 1)
_
=
_
0 1
0.4 1.3
_ _
x
1
(k)
x
2
(k)
_
+
_
0
1
_
u(k)
_
y
1
(k)
y
2
(k)
_
=
_
0.8 1

_
x
1
(k)
x
2
(k)
_ [6+10]
4. (a) State and explain the theorem required to satisfy to recover the signal e(t)
from samples e*(t).
(b) What are the advantages and disadvantages of digital control system over
analog control system.
(c) State dierent types of sampling operations [6+6+4]
5. Consider the digital control system X[(k+1)T] =AX(kT)+Bu(kT)
where A =
_
0 1
1 1
_
; B =
_
0
1
_
.
The state feedback control is described by u(kT) = -KX(kT) where K = [K
1
K
2
].
Find the values K
1
and K
2
so that the roots of the characteristic equation of the
closed loop system are at 0.5 and 0.7. [16]
6. Given the dierence equation y(k+2) - 1.3y(k+1) + 0.4y(k) = u(k) with y(k) = 0,
k<0 and y(0) = -1, y(1) = 1, obtain the solution if
(a) u(k) =
_
0 if k < 0
1 if k 0
(b) u(k) =
_
1 if k = 0
0 if k = 0
[16]
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Code No: 07A7EC36 R07 Set No. 1
7. (a) State the properties of state transition matrix.
(b) Given the following state model of the system.
X(K + 1) =
_
_
0 1 0
0 0 1
1 4 3
_
_
X(K) +
_
_
1 0
0
1
1
1
_
_
u(K)
Y (K) =
_
0 1 1
1 2 1
_
X(K)
Obtain the
i. State transition matrix
ii. X(Z), given X(0) = [1 1 1]
T
Consider zero input condition. [4+12]
8. (a) Discuss about stability analysis of a closed loop system?
(b) Consider the system described by y(k+2) = 2y(k+1)- 5y(k) + 10r(k+2) -
3r(k+1) + 4r(k). Where r(k) is the input and y(k) is the out put of the
system. Determine the stability of the system. [6+10]

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Code No: 07A7EC36 R07 Set No. 3
IV B.Tech I Semester Examinations,MAY 2011
DIGITAL CONTROL SYSTEMS
Electronics And Instrumentation Engineering
Time: 3 hours Max Marks: 80
Answer any FIVE Questions
All Questions carry equal marks

1. Determine the discrete state variable representation for the pulse transfer functions
given below:
(a) G(Z) =
2 + Z
- 1
1 + Z
- 1
.
(b) G(Z) =
5Z
Z
2
+ 2Z + 1
. [8+8]
2. Explain the necessity of sampling and its applications in detail. [16]
3. The input and output of a sampled data system is described by the dierence
equation.
c(n+2) + 3c(n+1) +4c(n) = r (n+1) - r(n)
Determine the Z-transfer function. Also obtain the weighting sequence (discrete
impulse response) of the system. [16]
4. Consider the system dene by
X(k + 1) =
_
_
0 1 0
0 0 1
0.5 0.2 1.1
_
_
X(k) +
_
_
0
0
1
_
_
U(k).
Determine the state feed back gain matrix K such that when the control signal is
given by u(k)=-K x(k), the closed loop system will exhibit the dead beat response
to any initial state X(0). [16]
5. Consider the system shown in Figure 5 and design lead compensator G
C
(z) in w-
plane for this system to meet the following specications:
(a) damping ratio =0.7,
(b) Settling time, t
s
=1.4 sec., and
(c) Velocity error constant K
v
= 2sec
1
. [16]
Figure 5:
6. Investigate the controllability and observability of the following systems:
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Code No: 07A7EC36 R07 Set No. 3
(a) X(k + 1) =
_
1 1
0 1
_
X(k) +
_
0
1
_
u(k)
y(k) =
_
1 1

X(k)
(b) X(k + 1) =
_
1 2
1 1
_
X(k) +
_
1 0
0 1
_
u(k)
y(k) =
_
1 0
0 1
_
X(k). [16]
7. Solve the following dierence equation by Z transform method.
x(k + 2) = x(k + 1) + x(k)
Given that x(0) = 0 and
x(1) = 1. [16]
8. (a) Consider the discrete - time unity feedback control system (with sampling
period T=1 sec) whose open loop pulse transfer function is given by
G(z) =
K(0.3679z+0.2642)
(z0.3679)(z1)
. Determine the range of gain K for stability by using
the Jury stability test.
(b) What is bilinear transformation? Explain briey the stability analysis using
bilinear transformation and Routh stability? [10+6]

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