SETTING RECOMMENDATION For Maharastra State Elect.Trans.

co

APPLN/2008 132kV Protections- Rev. 1

CONFIDENTIAL The information contained in this document is not to be communicated either directly or indirectly to any person not authorised to receive it

SETTING CALCULATION FOR RELAYS

For 132 KV Protection Relays

Customer Project

: Maharastra State Electricity Transmission

Corporation
: Rastapeth - 132 KV Substation

Prepared By Date Approved By Revision

Sreenatha Rao R.S.N.V 04/12/2008 Nagesh Tilwani Rev. 1

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SETTING RECOMMENDATION For Maharastra State Elect.Trans.co

APPLN/2008 132kV Protections- Rev. 1

A. MiCOM P441:
1.Details of Protected Line (E02 & E08 /132KV) Length of protected line Positive Sequence Resistance per KM Positive Sequence Reactance per KM Positive sequence impedance per KM Zero Sequence Resistance per KM Zero Sequence Reactance per KM Zero Sequence Impedance per KM Mutual Resistance per KM Mutual Reactance per KM Positive Sequence Resistance for Prot.line Positive Sequence Reactance for Prot.line Positive Sequence Impedence for Prot.line Positive sequence Impedence angle Zero Sequence Resistance for Prot.line Zero Sequence Reactance for Prot.line Zero Sequence Impedence for Prot.line Zero Sequence Impedence Angle Details of Adjacent Shortest line Length of the adjacent shortest line Pos.Seq. Resistance of Adj. Line per KM Pos.Seq. Reactance of Adj. Line per KM Pos.Seq. Impedence of Adj. Line per KM Positive Sequence Resistance for Prot.line Positive Sequence Reactance for Prot.line Positive Sequence Impedence for Prot.line Positive sequence Impedence angle Details of Adjacent Longest line Length of the adjacent shortest line Pos.Seq. Resistance of Adj. Line per KM Pos.Seq. Reactance of Adj. Line per KM Pos.Seq. Impedence of Adj. Line per KM Positive Sequence Resistance for Prot.line Positive Sequence Reactance for Prot.line Positive Sequence Impedence for Prot.line Positive sequence Impedence angle CT & PT Details CT Primary

7.5 0.0271 0.117 0.12 0.132 0.066 0.147 0 0 0.2032 0.8775 0.9 76.95 0.99 0.495 1.106 26.56
Not given Not given Not given Not given Not given Not given Not given Not given Not given Not given Not given Not given Not given Not given Not given Not given 800

KM Ohms Ohms Ohms Ohms Ohms Ohms Ohms Ohms Ohm Ohm Ohm Degree Ohm Ohm Ohm Degree KM Ohm Ohm Ohm Ohm Ohm Ohm Degree KM Ohm Ohm Ohm Ohm Ohm Ohm Degree Amp

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CT Secondary PT Primary PT Secondary CT/PT Ratio 2. GROUND FACTOR: Grounding Factor Kg = (Z0-Z1)/(3*Z1) Magnitude of grounding Factor Kg = (SQRT((X0-XL)*(X0XL))+((R0-RL)*(R0-RL)))/(3*(SQRT(RL*RL)+(XL*XL))) Angle of Grounding Factor Kg=(arc Tan((X0-XL/(R0-RL)))(arc Tan(XL/RL)) KZ1,KZ2,KZ3. PS1 Angle KG 3. ZONE SETTINGS: Dist Z1(polygon) (80% of Protected Line Impedence*(CTR/PTR)) DIST Z2 (polygon) (120% Protected Line Impedence)x(CTR/PTR) DIST Z3 (polygon) (200% of Protected Line Impedence)*(CTR/PTR) DIST Z4 (polygon) (25% of Zone 1 Impedence) 4.RESISTIVE REACH SETTING: Primary full load current, CTR considered as Full load

1 132 110 0.666

Amp Kilo Volt Volt No Unit

0.323 -102.84 0.323 -102.84

0.479 0.719 1.198 0.119

800 38.10

Resistance at this current=(0.8*(PT Primary*10^3)/1.732)/(2*Primary full load current)

Load Resistance in secondary=Resistance at this current*(CTR/PTR) = RL 25.37 Typically, phase fault distance zones would be set to avoid the minimum load impedance by a margin of 20%, (bearing in mind that the PSB zone surrounds the Zone 3 characteristic) and earth fault distance zones would use a 10% margin. DIST R1,PP(polygon) PS1 (80% of 25.37 Ohms) 20.296 DIST R2,PP (polygon) PS1 (80% of 25.37 Ohms) 20.296 DIST R3,PP (polygon) PS1 (80% of 25.37 Ohms) 20.296 DIST R4,PP (polygon) PS1 (80% of 25.37 Ohms) 20.296 DIST R1,PG(polygon) PS1 (90% of 25.37 Ohms) 22.833 DIST R2,PG (polygon) PS1(90% of 25.37 Ohms) 22.833 DIST R3,PG (polygon) PS1(90% of 25.37 Ohms) 22.833
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APPLN/2008 132kV Protections- Rev. 1

DIST R4,PG (polygon) PS1(90% of 25.37 Ohms) 5.OPERATING TIME DELAYS: Z1 operating time (t1) Z2 operating time (t2) Z3 operating time (t3) Z4 operating time (t4)

22.833

0.0 Sec 0.4 Sec 1.0 Sec 1.0 Sec

6. POWER SWING SETTINGS: PSB band settings: Typically, the R and X band settings are both set between 10% and 30% of R3ph.Considering 20% of the R3Ph setting of 20% and for catering to the fastest power swings R & X = 0.2 X 20.296 = 4.059 6.1 UNBLOCKING CURRENT THRESHOLDS: Unblocking stages using to trip if any fault when relay blocked on PSB The three unblocking current thresholds namely, IN>, I2> and Imax should be set above the maximum expected residual current unbalance, the maximum negative sequence unbalance and the maximum expected power swing current. IN> 40% I2> 30 % Value of Imax line = 3 Inom NOTE: PSB Block Zone 2, Zone 3, Zone 4 PSB Allowed to trip Zone 1 Unblocking timer: To be set to 2s typically to un block in case of a prolonged power swing. 7. DISTANCE SCHEMES SETTING Program Mode Standard Scheme Standard Mode PUPZ2 Permissive under reach trip transfer scheme Z1Ext Fail Disabled Trip mode 1 pole Z1 & CR Received 8. LOSS OF LOAD: LoL : Mode Status

Disabled

9. SWITCH ON TO FAULT Switch on to fault logic is pre-set in MiCOM P442 Operation on pick up of level detector method and activation of all zones is recommended.

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10.AUTO RECLOSURE: (Settings are applicable only if enabled in Configuration Menu) Reclaim time is recommend as 25 Sec. This is standard practice. In site setting can be modified to match other lines connected to network.
1P Trip Mode 1P Dead Time Reclaim Time Close Pulse Time A/R Inhibit Wind Group 1 Auto Reclose Lockout:

1.000 s 25 s 200.0ms 1.000 s 1111111111111111111 (Block Autoreclose in all other tripping except distance protection operation)

Block A/R

11.CHECK SYNCH: (Settings are applicable only if enabled in Confiuration Menu) 15.00 V (Need to modify if the dead line floating voltage is more than this) V< Dead Line V> Live Line 35.00 V 15.00 V (Need to modify if the dead line floating voltage is more than this) V< Dead Bus V> Live Bus 35.00 V Diff Voltage 6.500 V Diff Frequency 50.00mHz(For % slip 0.1) Diff Phase 15.00 deg Bus-Line Delay 200.0ms NOTE: Check Synchronization is for 3 Phase Auto Reclose only 12.BROKEN CONDUCTOR PROTECTION I2/I1 ratio 0.2 60 Sec. Time Set 13. VT SUPERVISION VTS Time Delay VTS I2> & I0> Inhibit Detect 3P Threshold 3P U< Delta I> 5.000 s (alarm indication time ) 0.2 A Enabled 10 Volts 0.2 A

14. OVER VOLTAGE PROTECTION: V> Measrement Mode Ph-Ph V>1 Function DT
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V>1 Voltage Set V>1 Time Delay V>2 Status V>2 Voltage Set V>2 Time Delay

121 V ( 110%) 5. s Enabled 154 V ( 140%) 0s

NOTE:
These settings are applicable only when the setting configurations are enabled.
B. Overcurrent & Earth fault Protection for Transformer Feeders: E03 & E04 (Relay Type - MiCOM P127) Given Data: 14.6 kA LV side Fault Level: = 21 kA HV side Fault level: = 0.3 Sec (Assumed) LV Side Trip Time = 218.69 A Rated Current = CT & PT Ratio: 400 A CT Primary = 1 A CT Secondary = 132 kV PT Primary = 110 V PT Secondary = Directional Phase Over Current: (67) I> ? = Dir (Forward Direction) I> {(1.1 * FLC)/0.95} = 253.22 A I> in sec = 0.633 A Torque = 45 Trip +/= 90 Delay Type = IEC SI tReset = 0.04 Sec (Considered trip delay as 0.8 sec and calculated the TMS = 0.527
TMS)

I>> ? = I>> {5*FLC} = I>> In sec = Torque = Trip +/= Delay Type = tI>> = tReset = I>>> ? = Directional Earth Fault: (67N) Ie> ? =

Dir 1093.45 2.733 45 90 DMT 0 0.04 No Dir

(Forward Direction) A A

Sec Sec

(Forward Direction) AREVA T&D AUTOMATION SUPPORT 19/1 GST Road, Pallavaram, Chennai -600043 Page 6 of 23

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APPLN/2008 132kV Protections- Rev. 1

Ie> {(0.12 * FLC)/0.95} Ie> in sec Ue> Torque Trip +/Delay Type tReset

= = = = = = =

27.624 0.069 3 135 90 IEC SI 0.04

A A V

Sec
(Considered trip delay as 0.8 sec and calculated the TMS)

TMS = 1.73 Ie>> ? = Dir Ie>> {2*FLC} = 437.38 Ie>> In sec = 1.093 Torque = 135 Trip +/= 90 Delay Type = DMT tIe>> = 0 tReset = 0.04 Ie>>> ? = No Phase Over Voltage Protection: (59) U> ? = Or U> = 121 tU> = 4 U>> ? = Or U>> = 132 tU>> = 0.5 Phase Under Voltage Protection: (27) U< ? = Or U< = 77 tU< = 4 U<< ? = Or U<< = 66 tU<< = 1

(Forward Direction) A A

Sec Sec

(Forward Direction) V sec V sec (Forward Direction) V sec V sec

C. Overcurrent & Earth fault Protection for Transformer Feeder: E06 & E07 (Relay Type - MiCOM P127) Given Data: 14.6 kA LV side Fault Level: = 21 kA HV side Fault level: = 0.3 Sec (Assumed) LV Side Trip Time = 109.349 A Rated Current = CT & PT Ratio: 200 A CT Primary = 1 A CT Secondary = 132 kV PT Primary = 110 V PT Secondary = AREVA T&D AUTOMATION SUPPORT 19/1 GST Road, Pallavaram, Chennai -600043 Page 7 of 23

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APPLN/2008 132kV Protections- Rev. 1

Directional Phase Over Current: (67) I> ? = Dir I> {(1.1 * FLC)/0.95} = 126.61 I> in sec = 0.633 Torque = 45 Trip +/= 90 Delay Type = IEC SI tReset = 0.04 TMS = 0.615 I>> ? = I>> {5*FLC} = I>> In sec = Torque = Trip +/= Delay Type = tI>> = tReset = I>>> ? = Directional Earth Fault: (67N) Ie> ? = Ie> {(0.12 * FLC)/0.95} = Ie> in sec = Ue> = Torque = Trip +/= Delay Type = tReset = Dir 546.745 2.733 45 90 DMT 0 0.04 No Dir 13.18 0.0659 3 135 90 IEC SI 0.04

(Forward Direction) A A

Sec
(Considered trip delay as 0.8 sec and calculated the TMS)

(Forward Direction) A A

Sec Sec

(Forward Direction) A A V

Sec
(Considered trip delay as 0.8 sec and calculated the TMS)

TMS = 0.14 Ie>> ? = Dir Ie>> {2*FLC} = 218.698 Ie>> In sec = 1.09 Torque = 135 Trip +/= 90 Delay Type = DMT tIe>> = 0 **+reset = 0.04 Ie>>> ? = No Phase Over Voltage Protection: (59) U> ? = Or U> = 121 tU> = 4 U>> ? = Or U>> = 132

(Forward Direction) A A

Sec Sec

(Forward Direction) V sec V AREVA T&D AUTOMATION SUPPORT 19/1 GST Road, Pallavaram, Chennai -600043 Page 8 of 23

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APPLN/2008 132kV Protections- Rev. 1

tU>> = 0.5 Phase Under Voltage Protection: (27) U< ? = Or U< = 77 tU< = 4 U<< ? = Or U<< = 66 tU<< = 1

sec (Forward Direction) V sec V sec

D.132/22 kV,50 MVA TRANSFORMER DIFFERENTIAL PROTECTION-P632

TRANSFORMER PROTECTION:
132/22 KV , 50 MVA TRANSFORMER DIFFERENTIAL PROTECTION P632 (E03 & E04) Transformer Details: Power 50 MVA HV side Voltage 132 kV HV side CT Ratio 400/1 Amp LV side Voltage 22 kV LV side CT Ratio 1600/1 Amp % Impedance 10 Vector Group YNyn0 Tap + 10 % at the rate of Available Calculations to verify Bias settings: At normal condition current in HV Bias circuit: (Winding A) Full load Primary Current =50MVA/(1.732 X 132 Kv) = 218.69 Amp Equivalent Current in CT Secondary =218.69 /(400/1) =0.5467 Amp (will be calculated by the relay) Required Ratio Compensation =1 / 0.5467 =1.829 (will be calculated by the relay) At normal condition current in LV Bias circuit: (Winding B) Full load Primary Current =50MVA/(1.732 X 22 kV) = 1312.19 Amp Equivalent Current in CT Secondary =1312.9/(1600/1) Amp = 0.820 (will be calculated by the relay) Required Ratio Compensation =1 / 0.820 =1.219 (will be calculated by the relay) At -10% Tap condition current in HV Bias circuit: Full load Primary Current =50MVA /(1.732 *118.8 Kv) =242.99 Amp Equivalent Current in CT Secondary =0.6074 Amp With the Ratio correction the current at the relay Bias terminal Hence the Differential Current =0.6074 * 1.829 =1.11 Amp =1.11-1.00 AREVA T&D AUTOMATION SUPPORT 19/1 GST Road, Pallavaram, Chennai -600043 Page 9 of 23

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=0.11 Amp = (I1+I2) / 2 = (1.11+1.00)/2 = 1. 055 Amp Operating Currrent of relay will be = Is + (Bias Setting * Bias Current) = 0.2 + (0.2 * 1.055) = 0.411 Amp DIFFERENTIAL CURRENT AT WORST TAP CONDITION SHOULD NOT BE MORE THAN 90% OF OPERATING CURRENT FOR BETTER STABILITY Differential current at worst tap = 0.11 Amp Operating current at worst tap = 0.411 Amp This is less than 30% of Operating current Hence Bias setting of m1 = 20% (0.2) till 1.5 times of Full Load current m2 = 80% for through fault stability At +10% Tap condition current in HV Bias circuit: Full load Primary Current =50MVA/(1.732 * 145.2 Kv) =198.81 Amp Equivalent Current in CT Secondary =0.497 Amp With the Ratio correction the current at the relay Bias terminal =0.497 * 1.829 =0.909 Amp Hence the Differential Current =1.00 0.909 =0.091 Amp Bias Current = (I1+I2) / 2 = (0.909+1.000)/2 = 0.954 Amp Operating Current of relay will be = Is + (Bias Setting * Bias Current) = 0.2 + (0.2 * 0.954) = 0.3908 Amp DIFFERENTIAL CURRENT AT WORST TAP CONDITION SHOULD NOT BE MORE THAN 90% OF OPERATING CURRENT FOR BETTER STABILITY Differential current at worst tap = 0.091 Amp Operating current at worst tap = 0.3908 Amp This is less than 25% of Operating current Hence Bias setting of m1 = 20% (0.2) till 1.5 times of Full Load current m2 = 80% for through fault stability Bias Current /Parameters/Function parameters/Global/MAIN Address | Group | Description 003.030 | MAIN | Protection enabled 010.030 | MAIN | Nominal frequency. fnom 010.049 | MAIN | Phase sequence 019.020 | MAIN | Inom C.T.prim.,end a 019.021 | MAIN | Inom C.T.prim.,end b | Active value | Yes (= on) | 50 Hz | A-B-C | 400 A | 1600 A

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010.002 | MAIN | Vnom V.T. prim. | 132 kV 010.024 | MAIN | Inom device, end a | 1.0 A 010.025 | MAIN | Inom device, end b | 1.0 A 010.009 | MAIN | Vnom V.T. sec. | 110 V /Parameters/Function parameters/General functions/MAIN Address | Group | Description | Active value 019.017 | MAIN | Vnom prim., end a |132 kV 019.018 | MAIN | Vnom prim., end b |22 kV 019.099 | MAIN | Current summation | Without /Parameters/Function parameters/General functions/DIFF Address | Group | Description | Active value 019.080 | DIFF | General enable USER | Yes 019.016 | DIFF | Reference power Sref | 50 MVA 019.010 | DIFF | Vector grp. ends a-b |0 /Parameters/Function parameters/Parameter subset 1/DIFF Address | Group | Description | Active value 072.152 | DIFF | Enable PS1 | Yes 072.142 | DIFF | Idiff> PS1 | 0.20 Iref 072.143 | DIFF | Idiff>> PS1 | 8.0 Iref 072.144 | DIFF | Idiff>>> PS1 | 12 Iref 072.145 | DIFF | m1 PS1 | 0.20 072.146 | DIFF | m2 PS1 | 0.80 072.147 | DIFF | IR,m2 PS1 | 1.5 Iref 072.148 | DIFF | Op.mode rush rst.PS1 | Not phase-selective 072.159 | DIFF | RushI(2f0)/I(f0) PS1 | 20 % 072.155 | DIFF | 0-seq. filt.a en.PS1 | Yes 072.156 | DIFF | 0-seq. filt.b en.PS1 | Yes 072.158 | DIFF | Overflux.bl. en. PS1 | No 072.160 | DIFF | Ov. I(5f0)/I(f0) PS1 | 20 % 132/22 KV , 50 MVA TRANSFORMER REF PROTECTION P632 Relay type MiCOM P632 CTR : 400/1 GROUP 1 REF PROT'N: REF Options Hi Z REF RESTRICTED E/F IREF> Is 100.0mA Stabilizing Resistor calculation: Fault current at 132 kV side neglecting source impedance FLC/%imp = 218.69/0.1 =2186.9 Amp Fault Current in secondary = 2186.9/(400/1) = 5.467 Amp Rct = 4 Ohms AREVA T&D AUTOMATION SUPPORT 19/1 GST Road, Pallavaram, Chennai -600043 Page 11 of 23

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APPLN/2008 132kV Protections- Rev. 1

Lead length = 250 mtrs (assumed) Considering lead resistance of 250meter and 2.5 sq mm cable with 8 ohms/km imp. Voltage developed across relay terminal Vs = If ( Rct + 2RL) =5.467(4+2*8* 0.25) = 43.736 Volts Relay Burden VA = 0.04 VA Rstab = {Vs/Is) - [VA/(Is^2)]} /Is. = {(43.736/0.1)-[0.04/0.1^2]} = 434.36Ohms Hence the recommended Stabilizing Resistor Value is highest of both conditions. Rstab =434.36Ohms /Parameters/Function parameters/General Functions/REF_1 Address | Group | Description | Active value 019.050 | REF_1 | General enable user | Yes 019.100 | REF_1 | select measure input | End a 019.031 | REF_1 |Reference Power Sref | 50 MVA 019.034 | REF_1 | Ref .curr .Iref | Not measured 004.160 | REF_1 | Matching Fact .Kam,N | Not measured 004.163 | REF_1 | Matching Fact .Kam,Y | Not measured 011.039 | REF_1 | Meas.value rel .Id | 0.00 Iref 011.040 | REF_1 | Meas.value rel .IR | 0.00 Iref /Parameters/Function parameters/Parameter subset/REF_1 Address | Group | Description | Active value 072.141 | REF_1 Enable PS1 | Yes 072.149 | REF_1 Operating mode PS1 | High Impedance 080.003 | REF_1 CTS effective PS1 | No 072.150 | REF_1 Idiff> PS1 | 0.20 Iref 072.151 | REF_1 Idiff>>> PS1 | 10 Iref 072.162 | REF_1 m1 PS1 | 0.20 072.163 | REF_1 m2 PS1 | 1.50 072.164 | REF_1 IR,m2 PS1 | 1.00 Iref TRANSFORMER OVERFLUXING PROTECTION /Parameters/Configuration parameters/V/f Address | Group | Description 056.056 | V/f | Function group V/f

| Active value | with

/Parameters/Function parameters/General functions/V/f Address | Group | Description | Active value 019.097 | V/f | General enable USER | No /Parameters/Function parameters/Parameter subset 1/ V/f Address | Group | Description | Active value 081.210 | V/f | Enable PS1 | Yes 081.211 | V/f | V/f (alarm)> PS1 | 1.05 Vnom/fnom 081.212 | V/f | V/f (t) > PS1 | 1.10 Vnom/fnom AREVA T&D AUTOMATION SUPPORT 19/1 GST Road, Pallavaram, Chennai -600043 Page 12 of 23

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081.213 081.214 081.217 081.218 081.219 081.220 081.221 081.222 081.223 081.224 081.225 081.226 081.227 081.228 081.229 081.230

| V/f | V/f | V/f | V/f | V/f | V/f | V/f | V/f | V/f | V/f | V/f | V/f | V/f | V/f | V/f | V/f

| V/f > > PS1 | tV/f > PS1 | t at V/f=1.05 PS1 | t at V/f=1.10 PS1 | t at V/f=1.15 PS1 | t at V/f=1.20 PS1 | t at V/f=1.25 PS1 | t at V/f=1.30 PS1 | t at V/f=1.35 PS1 | t at V/f=1.40 PS1 | t at V/f=1.45 PS1 | t at V/f=1.50 PS1 | t at V/f=1.55 PS1 | t at V/f=1.60 PS1 | tV/f >> PS1 | Reset time PS 1

| 1.50 Vnom/fnom 1s | 1000 s | 1000 s | 150 s | 90 s | 60 s | 35 s | 15 s |5s | 3s |2s | 1.4 s | 1.3 s |0s |0s

E. 132/11kV,25 MVA TRANSFORMER DIFFERENTIAL PROTECTION-P632

TRANSFORMER PROTECTION:
132/11 KV , 25 MVA TRANSFORMER DIFFERENTIAL PROTECTION P632 (E06 & E07) Transformer Details: Power 25 MVA HV side Voltage 132 kV HV side CT Ratio 200/1 Amp LV side Voltage 11 kV LV side CT Ratio 1600/1 Amp % Impedance 10 Vector Group YNyn0 Tap + 10 % at the rate of Assumed Calculations to verify Bias settings: At normal condition current in HV Bias circuit: (Winding A) Full load Primary Current =25MVA/(1.732 X 132 Kv) = 109.34 Amp Equivalent Current in CT Secondary =109.34/(200/1) =0.5467 Amp (will be calculated by the relay) Required Ratio Compensation =1 / 0.5467 =1.829 (will be calculated by the relay) At normal condition current in LV Bias circuit: (Winding B) Full load Primary Current =25 MVA/(1.732 X 11kV) = 1312.29 Amp Equivalent Current in CT Secondary =1312.29/(1600/1) Amp = 0.8205 (will be calculated by the relay) Required Ratio Compensation =1 / 0.8205 = 1.218 (will be calculated by the relay) AREVA T&D AUTOMATION SUPPORT 19/1 GST Road, Pallavaram, Chennai -600043 Page 13 of 23

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At -10% Tap condition current in HV Bias circuit: Full load Primary Current =25 MVA /(1.732 *118.8 Kv) =121.5 Amp Equivalent Current in CT Secondary =0.6075 Amp With the Ratio correction the current at the relay Bias terminal =0.607 * 1.829 =1.111 Amp Hence the Differential Current =1.111-1.00 =0.11 Amp Bias Current = (I1+I2) / 2 = (1.111+1.00)/2 = 1. 055 Amp Operating Currrent of relay will be = Is + (Bias Setting * Bias Current) = 0.2 + (0.2 * 1.055) = 0.411 Amp DIFFERENTIAL CURRENT AT WORST TAP CONDITION SHOULD NOT BE MORE THAN 90% OF OPERATING CURRENT FOR BETTER STABILITY Differential current at worst tap = 0.111 Amp Operating current at worst tap = 0.411 Amp This is less than 30% of Operating current Hence Bias setting of m1 = 20% (0.2) till 1.5 times of Full Load current m2 = 80% for through fault stability At +10% Tap condition current in HV Bias circuit: Full load Primary Current =25MVA/(1.732 * 145.2 Kv) =99.408 Amp Equivalent Current in CT Secondary =0.497 Amp With the Ratio correction the current at the relay Bias terminal =0.497 * 1.829 =0.909 Amp Hence the Differential Current =1.00 0.909 =0.091 Amp Bias Current = (I1+I2) / 2 = (0.909+1.000)/2 = 0.954 Amp Operating Current of relay will be = Is + (Bias Setting * Bias Current) = 0.2 + (0.2 * 0.954) = 0.3908 Amp DIFFERENTIAL CURRENT AT WORST TAP CONDITION SHOULD NOT BE MORE THAN 90% OF OPERATING CURRENT FOR BETTER STABILITY Differential current at worst tap = 0.091 Amp Operating current at worst tap = 0.3908 Amp This is less than 25% of Operating current Hence Bias setting of m1 = 20% (0.2) till 1.5 times of Full Load current AREVA T&D AUTOMATION SUPPORT 19/1 GST Road, Pallavaram, Chennai -600043 Page 14 of 23

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m2

= 80% for through fault stability

/Parameters/Function parameters/Global/MAIN Address | Group | Description | Active value 003.030 | MAIN | Protection enabled | Yes (= on) 010.030 | MAIN | Nominal frequ. fnom | 50 Hz 010.049 | MAIN | Phase sequence | A-B-C 019.020 | MAIN | Inom C.T.prim.,end a | 200 A 019.021 | MAIN | Inom C.T.prim.,end b | 1600 A 010.002 | MAIN | Vnom V.T. prim. | 132 kV 010.024 | MAIN | Inom device, end a | 1.0 A 010.025 | MAIN | Inom device, end b | 1.0 A 010.009 | MAIN | Vnom V.T. sec. | 110 V /Parameters/Function parameters/General functions/MAIN Address | Group | Description | Active value 019.017 | MAIN | Vnom prim., end a |132 kV 019.018 | MAIN | Vnom prim., end b |11 kV 019.099 | MAIN | Current summation | Without /Parameters/Function parameters/General functions/DIFF Address | Group | Description | Active value 019.080 | DIFF | General enable USER | Yes 019.016 | DIFF | Reference power Sref | 25 MVA 019.010 | DIFF | Vector grp. ends a-b |0 /Parameters/Function parameters/Parameter subset 1/DIFF Address | Group | Description | Active value 072.152 | DIFF | Enable PS1 | Yes 072.142 | DIFF | Idiff> PS1 | 0.20 Iref 072.143 | DIFF | Idiff>> PS1 | 8.0 Iref 072.144 | DIFF | Idiff>>> PS1 | 12 Iref 072.145 | DIFF | m1 PS1 | 0.20 072.146 | DIFF | m2 PS1 | 0.80 072.147 | DIFF | IR,m2 PS1 | 1.5 Iref 072.148 | DIFF | Op.mode rush rst.PS1 | Not phase-selective 072.159 | DIFF | RushI(2f0)/I(f0) PS1 | 20 % 072.155 | DIFF | 0-seq. filt.a en.PS1 | Yes 072.156 | DIFF | 0-seq. filt.b en.PS1 | Yes 072.158 | DIFF | Overflux.bl. en. PS1 | No 072.160 | DIFF | Ov. I(5f0)/I(f0) PS1 | 20 % 132/11 KV , 25 MVA TRANSFORMER REF PROTECTION P632 Relay type MiCOM P632 CTR : 200/1 GROUP 1 REF PROT'N: REF Options Hi Z REF RESTRICTED E/F AREVA T&D AUTOMATION SUPPORT 19/1 GST Road, Pallavaram, Chennai -600043 Page 15 of 23

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APPLN/2008 132kV Protections- Rev. 1

IREF> Is 100.0mA Stabilizing Resistor calculation: Fault current at 132 kV side neglecting source impedance FLC/%imp =109.34/0.1 =1093.4 Amp Fault Current in secondary =1093.4/(200/1) = 5.467 Amp Rct =4 Ohms Lead length =250 mtrs (assumed) Considering lead resistance of 250meter and 2.5 sq mm cable with 8 ohms/km imp. Voltage developed across relay terminal Vs = If ( Rct + 2RL) =5.467(4+2*8* 0.25) = 43.736 Volts Relay Burden VA = 0.04 VA Rstab = {(Vs/Is)- [VA/(Is^2)]} = {(43.736/0.1)-(0.04/0.1^2)} = 434.36Ohms Hence the recommended Stabilizing Resistor Value is highest of both conditions. Rstab = 434.36Ohms /Parameters/Function parameters/General Functions/REF_1 Address | Group | Description | Active value 019.050 | REF_1 | General enable user | Yes 019.100 | REF_1 | select measure input | End a 019.031 | REF_1 |Reference Power Sref | 25 MVA 019.034 | REF_1 | Ref .curr .Iref | Not measured 004.160 | REF_1 | Matching Fact .Kam,N | Not measured 004.163 | REF_1 | Matching Fact .Kam,Y | Not measured 011.039 | REF_1 | Meas.value rel .Id | 0.00 Iref 011.040 | REF_1 | Meas.value rel .IR | 0.00 Iref /Parameters/Function parameters/Parameter subset/REF_1 Address | Group | Description | Active value 072.141 | REF_1 Enable PS1 | Yes 072.149 | REF_1 Operating mode PS1 | High Impedance 080.003 | REF_1 CTS effective PS1 | No 072.150 | REF_1 Idiff> PS1 | 0.20 Iref 072.151 | REF_1 Idiff>>> PS1 | 10 Iref 072.162 | REF_1 m1 PS1 | 0.20 072.163 | REF_1 m2 PS1 | 1.50 072.164 | REF_1 IR,m2 PS1 | 1.00 Iref TRANSFORMER OVERFLUXING PROTECTION /Parameters/Configuration parameters/V/f Address | Group | Description 056.056 | V/f | Function group V/f

| Active value | with

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/Parameters/Function parameters/General functions/V/f Address | Group | Description | Active value 019.097 | V/f | General enable USER | No /Parameters/Function parameters/Parameter subset 1/ V/f Address | Group | Description | Active value 081.210 | V/f | Enable PS1 | Yes 081.211 | V/f | V/f (alarm)> PS1 | 1.05 Vnom/fnom 081.212 | V/f | V/f (t) > PS1 | 1.10 Vnom/fnom 081.213 | V/f | V/f > > PS1 | 1.50 Vnom/fnom 081.214 | V/f | tV/f > PS1 1s 081.217 | V/f | t at V/f=1.05 PS1 | 1000 s 081.218 | V/f | t at V/f=1.10 PS1 | 1000 s 081.219 | V/f | t at V/f=1.15 PS1 | 150 s 081.220 | V/f | t at V/f=1.20 PS1 | 90 s 081.221 | V/f | t at V/f=1.25 PS1 | 60 s 081.222 | V/f | t at V/f=1.30 PS1 | 35 s 081.223 | V/f | t at V/f=1.35 PS1 | 15 s 081.224 | V/f | t at V/f=1.40 PS1 |5s 081.225 | V/f | t at V/f=1.45 PS1 | 3s 081.226 | V/f | t at V/f=1.50 PS1 |2s 081.227 | V/f | t at V/f=1.55 PS1 | 1.4 s 081.228 | V/f | t at V/f=1.60 PS1 | 1.3 s 081.229 | V/f | tV/f >> PS1 |0s 081.230 | V/f | Reset time PS 1 |0s

BUSBAR PROTECTION SETTINGS:

Index
1. Substation Information 2. Setting criteria of MiCOM P741 Central unit 3. Setting criteria of MiCOM P742 Peripheral unit 4.Settings summary 1. SUBSTATION INFORMATION Settings and configuration of the P740 Numerical busbar protection scheme is arrived based on the substation information provided by MSETCL as detailed below. CTR of all feeders CT knee Point : 800/1 :1200 V
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APPLN/2008 132kV Protections- Rev. 1

CT resistance Max Load level in a feeder Minimum load current in a feeder Minimum Short circuit level Maximum Short circuit level Maximum loading of 1 bar Number of independent bars Maximum breaking time of CB

: 4 ohms : 730 A : 110 A (Considered lightly loaded feeder) : 50 A : 21 kA : 730 A : : 100 msec (assumed 40msec breaker op. time + arcing time)

2. Setting criteria of micom P741 Central unit

6 values have to be entered in MiCOM P741 central unit Note: All values in CU is for base current of 1000A. 1.ID>1 (from 0.01 to 0.5 A (secondary value)) During normal operation the differential current in the scheme should be zero or negligible. Any abnormality is detected via a given threshold ID>1. This element is using for CT supervision. Recommended setting should be more than 2 % of maximum CT ratio and less than Minimum Loaded feeder Current. Recommended setting is 80 mA (sec in CU), i.e. 80 A (prim). 2. Slope k1 setting range is from 0% to 90%. Recommended setting is 0% , as the minimum loading current is very less and CTs are of same ratio & similar magnetising characteristics.
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3.Slope k2 setting range is from 0% to 90%, and recommendation is 65% , as the CTs are of same ratio & similar magnetizing characteristics and to provide stability for through faults. A trip is only permitted if this differential current exceeds the set slope of the bias characteristic. Recommended value for normal application is 65%. 4. Slope KCZ setting range is from 0% to 90% , it should be less than Icc min (1 bar) / (((Independent bar - 1) x IloadMax (1 bar)) + Icc min (1 bar)). Recommended setting is 30%. 5.ID>2 (from 0,1 to 4 A (secondary value)) as low as possible The main differential current element of MiCOM P740 will only be able to operate if the differential current reaches a threshold ID>2. In general, this setting will be adjusted above highest normal full load current in order to avoid maloperation even max loaded feeder CT fails . Normally recommended setting is more than 110 -180%of max load level. We shall choose ID>2, more than max loading considering (high instantaneous loading) and less than 50% of minimum short circuit level. Recommended setting is 800*1.2 =960 A. 6. ID>1 Alarm Timer (from 0 to 100 s) shall be greater than the longest protection time (such as line, overcurrent, etc) Recommended time delay is 5 secs. GROUP 1 DIFF BUSBAR PROT GROUP 1 Diff Phase Fault GROUP 1 CZ Parameters Phase Slope kcz = 30.00% IDCZ>2 Current = 960 Amp GROUP 1 Zone Parameters Phase Slope k2 = 65.00% ID>2 Current = 960 Amp GROUP 1 Common ID>1 Current = 80 Amp ID>1 Alarm Timer = 5.00 sec Diff Earth Fault = Disable P741 Central unit blocking modes: GROUP1 Busbar Option: CZ circ flt mode = Alarms Latched Zx circ flt mode = Alarms Latched Circ flt reset time = 60 secs Circ flt block mode = Block / phase. Cz PU error = Alarms Latched Zx PU error = Alarms Latched PU error timer = 5 secs PU error reset time = 60 secs 3.SETTING CRITERIA OF MICOM P742 PERIPHERAL UNITS
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SETTING RECOMMENDATION For Maharastra State Elect.Trans.co

CT & VT RATIOS: Phase CT Primary Phase CT Sec'y RBPh / RBN Power Parameters: Standard Input Knee Voltage Vk 1000V RCT Sec'y Eff. Burden Ohm CB Fail: I< (under current)

APPLN/2008 132kV Protections- Rev. 1

= = = = = = =

800 Amp 1 Amp _____ ( ** Need to measured at site) British Standard 1200 V as per the Name plate 4 Ohms ** Ohm ( **Need to measured at site) Recommended setting is 20% of load current. Recommended setting is 200mA, ie 160A prim.

Retrip timer TBF1/tBF3: A re-trip can be applied after a time tBF1/tBF3. As redundant trip coil (TC2) is not available, retrip is disabled by keeping TBF1 & 3 equal to TBF2 & 4. CBF timer TBF2/tBF4: When both the local trip & retrip have failed, the countdown continues with a second timer adjusted to have a value of tBF2/tBF4. Recommended setting is maximum breaking time of CB + 100 msec. Recommended tBF2 & 4 setting is 200msec. GROUP 1 CB FAIL Control By I< Current Set I> Status GROUP 1 Internal Trip CB Fail Timer 1 CB Fail Timer 2 GROUP 1 External Trip CB Fail Timer 3 CB Fail Timer 4 = = = = = = = I< 160 Amp Disabled 200.0ms 200.0ms 200.0ms 200.0ms

Dead Zone setting for all feeders:

Dead zone tripping is provided to sense the fault in-between CT and breaker when breaker is open. Dead zone setting shall be more than maximum loading & less than 80 % of the minimum fault current. Time delay of 50 m secs shall be given to avoid mal operation during arcing period, CB scattering during fault, where CB Open has been realised by PU. I>DZ Current setting = 960 Amp I> DZ time delay = 50 m sec

Group 1 Io supervision :
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Internal CT / AD convertor of PU can be monitored by comparing the measured 3Io and derived neutral (IN =IR + IY + IB). Error co efficient shall be kept at 40% in order to detect internal CT (PU) failure. Error factor KCE = 40% Alarm delay = 5 secs 4. Settings Summary for Central Unit P741: All the settings are in primary values.
Sl No Protection Details Setting range Min Max Recommended setting Remarks

Group1 DIFF BUSBAR PROT 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Phase slope KCZ IDCZ>2 current Phase slope K2 ID>2 current ID>1 current Phase slope K1 ID>1 Alarm timer 0% 50A 20% 50A 10A 0% 100ms 90% 30.0kA 90% 30.0kA 500A 50% 600secs 30% 960 A 65% 960 A 80A 0% 5 secs Check zone slope Check zone threshold Main zone slope Main zone threshold Circuitry fault pickup Circuitry fault slope Circuitry fault alarm delay Resetting mode of CZ circuitry fault Resetting mode of main zones circuitry fault Circuitry fault reset time Blocking modes on circuitry fault

Group1 Busbar Option 1 CZ circ flt mode Blocking latched, Alarms latched, self reset, Alarms & no block, Alarms SR & no block Blocking latched, Alarms latched, self reset, Alarms & no block, Alarms SR & no block Alarms latched

Zx circ flt mode

Alarms latched

Circuitry t reset

5 secs

600 secs

60 secs

Circ block mode

Blocking/ phase , 3 phase block

Blocking / phase

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APPLN/2008 132kV Protections- Rev. 1

Resetting mode of PU during CZ error Resetting mode of PU during main zone error Alarm delay of PU error Reset time of PU error

CZ PU Error mode

Blocking latched, Alarms latched, self reset, Alarms & no block, Alarms SR & no block Blocking latched, Alarms latched, self reset, Alarms & no block, Alarms SR & no block 2secs 5secs 600 secs 600 secs

Alarms latched

Zx PU Error mode

Alarms latched

7 8

PU Error timer PU Error reset

5secs 60secs

4. Settings Summary for Central Unit P742: All the settings are in primary values.
Sl No Protection Details Setting range Min Max Recommended setting Remarks

CT, VT Ratios: 1 2 Phase CT Primary Phase CT Secondary 1A 1A 30.0 kA 5A 800 A 1A CT Primary Rating CT Secondary Rating Ratio of Phase & neutral CT leads resistance CT Standard CT Knee point Voltage CT sec resistance Effective burden of lead DZ Over current threshold

RBph/RBN

0.5

10

**

4 5 6 7

Standard Input Knee Voltage Vk RCT Sec Effective Burden ohm

British Standard / IEC 20 V 100 m ohm 100 m ohm 5000 V 50 ohm 200 ohm

British Standard 1200V as per the Name plate 4 ohm **

Group1 Dead Zone Protection: 1 I> DZ Current Set 100 A 8000A 960 A

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APPLN/2008 132kV Protections- Rev. 1

DZ time delay DZ Neutral current threshold CB Fail timer reset mode Under Current threshold Internal retrip timer Internal backtrip timer Ext retrip timer Ext backtrip timer IO error supervision threshold Alarm delay for IO error

2 3

I> DZ Time Delay IN> DZ Current Set

0 sec Enable

100 sec Disable

50 msec Disable

Group1 CB Fail: 1 Control by I<, 52a, I< & 52A I<

2 3 4 5 6

I< CB Fail Timer 1 CB Fail Timer 2 CB Fail Timer 3 CB Fail Timer 4

200 mA 0 sec 0 sec 0 sec 0 sec 10 sec 10 sec 10 sec 10 sec

160 A 200 msec 200 msec 200 msec 200 msec

Group1 Supervision: 1 Error Factor Kce 1% 100% 40%

Alarm Delay Tce

0 sec

10 sec

5 sec

* * to be measured / verified in site

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