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    Equivalent Hydraulic Diameter

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    Syeilendra Pramuditya
    The equivalent hydraulic diameter is a concept used to model non-circular cross sectional flows with a circular channel that is hydraulically equivalent. It allows calculation of properties like flow area, perimeter, and velocity using a single equivalent diameter value. For a rectangular pin array typical in nuclear reactors, the equivalent hydraulic diameter is calculated as 4 times the flow area divided by the hydraulic perimeter. Using the equivalent diameter preserves important properties like the wall surface area passed by the fluid per unit time, resulting in equivalent heat transfer and friction effects between the actual and modeled geometries.

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    Equivalent Hydraulic Diameter

    Uploaded by

    Syeilendra Pramuditya
    5K views3 pages
    The equivalent hydraulic diameter is a concept used to model non-circular cross sectional flows with a circular channel that is hydraulically equivalent. It allows calculation of properties like flow area, perimeter, and velocity using a single equivalent diameter value. For a rectangular pin array typical in nuclear reactors, the equivalent hydraulic diameter is calculated as 4 times the flow area divided by the hydraulic perimeter. Using the equivalent diameter preserves important properties like the wall surface area passed by the fluid per unit time, resulting in equivalent heat transfer and friction effects between the actual and modeled geometries.

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    http://syeilendrapramuditya.wordpress.com Nuclear Engineering Reaktor Nuklir

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    The equivalent hydraulic diameter is a concept used to model non-circular cross sectional flows with a circular channel that is hydraulically equivalent. It allows calculation of properties like flow area, perimeter, and velocity using a single equivalent diameter value. For a rectangular pin array typical in nuclear reactors, the equivalent hydraulic diameter is calculated as 4 times the flow area divided by the hydraulic perimeter. Using the equivalent diameter preserves important properties like the wall surface area passed by the fluid per unit time, resulting in equivalent heat transfer and friction effects between the actual and modeled geometries.

    Copyright:

    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Download as DOC, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as doc, pdf, or txt
    5K views3 pages

    Equivalent Hydraulic Diameter

    Uploaded by

    Syeilendra Pramuditya
    The equivalent hydraulic diameter is a concept used to model non-circular cross sectional flows with a circular channel that is hydraulically equivalent. It allows calculation of properties like flow area, perimeter, and velocity using a single equivalent diameter value. For a rectangular pin array typical in nuclear reactors, the equivalent hydraulic diameter is calculated as 4 times the flow area divided by the hydraulic perimeter. Using the equivalent diameter preserves important properties like the wall surface area passed by the fluid per unit time, resulting in equivalent heat transfer and friction effects between the actual and modeled geometries.

    Copyright:

    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Download as DOC, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as doc, pdf, or txt
    of 3

    http://syeilendrapramuditya.wordpress.

    com

    Equivalent Hydraulic Diameter

    The concept of equivalent hydraulic diameter is introduced to obtain a circular-channel-


    hydraulically-equivalent flow condition for flows which have non-circular cross sectional flow
    area, especially in term of heat transfer and friction effects on the fluids.

    Consider a rectangular pin array typical of PWR core:

    Let us say that the pitch is 3 cm and the rod diameter is 2 cm, therefore:

    flow area = A1 = p 2 − π ( d F / 2 ) = 5.85841 cm2 (actual geometry)


    2

    hydraulic perimeter = P1 = π × d F = 3.14159 cm (actual geometry)


    The equivalent hydraulic diameter is expressed as:
    4 × flow area 4 × 5.85841
    De ,hyd = = = 7.45916 cm
    hydraulic perimeter 3.14159
    By using the equivalent hydraulic diameter, flow area and hydraulic perimeter are calculated
    as follow:

    flow area = A2 = π ( De, hyd / 2 ) = π ( 7.45916 / 2 ) = 43.69882 cm 2


    2 2
    (using equivalent hydraulic

    diameter)

    hydraulic perimeter = P2 = π × De, hyd = 23.43364 cm (using equivalent hydraulic diameter)

    Fluid mass flow is calculated as follow:


    m& 1
    m&= ρ Av ⇔ v = ×
    ρ A

    http://syeilendrapramuditya.wordpress.com 1
    http://syeilendrapramuditya.wordpress.com

    Let us assume that m&/ ρ = 1 , therefore v = 1/ A :


    1 1
    v1 = = cm/s (actual geometry)
    A1 5.85841
    1 1
    v2 = = cm/s (using equivalent hydraulic diameter)
    A2 43.69882
    The very idea of the introduction equivalent hydraulic diameter concept is that for the same
    fluid mass flow, the actual fluid and the modeled fluid must pass through a same area of rod
    wall surface per unit time, such that the two fluids will experience the same heat transfer and
    friction effects, or in other word, they are hydraulically equivalent. And let us now calculate the
    wall surface which is passed through by the two fluids in 1 second:
    3.14159
    wall surface area = v1 × P1 = = 0.53625 cm 2 (actual geometry)
    5.85841
    23.43364
    wall surface area = v2 × P2 = = 0.53625 cm 2 (using equivalent hydraulic diameter)
    43.69882
    That’s all about equivalent hydraulic diameter, quite simple huh?

    http://syeilendrapramuditya.wordpress.com 2
    http://syeilendrapramuditya.wordpress.com

    For Rectangular array geometry (Light Water-cooled Reactor/LWR)

    For Triangular array geometry (Liquid Metal-cooled Reactor/LMR)

    http://syeilendrapramuditya.wordpress.com 3

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