Abb Fox Synchronisation r8 RC 1khw002008

ABB Power Systems
FOX515
Synchronisation
User Manual
User Guide FOX Synchronisation (R8)
User Guide
FOX Synchronisation
Platform FOX515 Release R8
Release History:
Release 7B:
Release 8B:
Release 8C:
February 2007
December 2008
August 2009
December 2009
May 2010
Copyright and Confidentiality: All rights of this document remain with ABB
Ltd (ABB). This document contains confidential information which is the
property of ABB. It must be held in confidence by the recipient and may not
be used for any purposes except those specifically authorised by contract or
otherwise in writing by ABB. This document may not be copied in whole or in
part, or any of its contents disclosed by the recipient to any third party,
without the prior written agreement of ABB.
Disclaimer:
ABB has taken reasonable care in compiling this document, however ABB
accepts no liability whatsoever for any error or omission in the information
contained herein and gives no other warranty or undertaking as to its
accuracy.
ABB reserves the right to amend this document at any time without prior
notice.
Document number:
1KHW002008
ABB Ltd
Power Systems
Bruggerstrasse 72
5400 Baden Switzerland
ABB Switzerland Ltd, 2010
The right to modifications or deviations due to technical progress is reserved.
1KHW002008
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ABB
Table of contents
ABB
Precautions and safety
Referenced documents
1 Overview of the NE timing system
The NE timing system

General
PETS/SETS timing and synchronisation functions
SETS with 2 SBUS/ABUS Sectors
9
9
10
11
Clock frequency aspect of the timing system

Block diagram
Source selection
SETS Inter-Sector Synchronisation
Clock recovery
Traffic sources
Dedicated interfaces for timing signals
Status and selection override
13
13
15
15
16
17
17
19
QL-processing aspect of the timing system

UBUS/PBUS traffic units and ESI-PDH
STM-4/1 traffic interfaces and ESI-SDH
ESO-PDH
ESO-SDH
SSI/SSM processing and selection algorithms
20
21
22
24
24
27
Protection
Protection types
SETS Protection
PETS Protection
Status/Maintenance
28
28
28
29
30
Selection of timing sources

Timing sources for PETS
PETS selection algorithms
Clock Recovery
Timing sources for SETS
SETS selection algorithms
Clock Recovery
31
31
31
32
32
32
33
ESO timing signals

ESO-1 3/PDH
ESO-4/SDH
34
34
34
Selection of the equipment timing source
36
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NE without STM-4/1 interface(s)

NE with STM-4/1 interface(s)
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36
37
2 Configuration of the PETS system
41
Traffic (timing) sources
41
Selection algorithm and clock extraction

Timing sources and parameters
Selection Algorithm
Clock Extraction
44
44
46
47
ESO-PDH
Routing Table
Signal squelch
48
48
49
3 Configuration of the SETS system
51
Traffic sources
52

Selection Algorithm
55
55
58
ESO-SDH (Non SETS locked mode)

Selection Algorithm
Signal squelch
59
59
61
62
ESO-SDH (SETS locked mode)

Routing Table
Signal squelch
63
64
65
4 Routing and mapping tables of units
67
Application
67
LOMIF type E12/P12 traffic signal layer
68
MEGIF type E12/P12 traffic signal layer
70
STM-4/1 MS traffic layer

Input Mapping Table
Output Mapping Table
Routing Table
72
72
73
74
5 Status/Maintenance of the NE timing system
75
Generic description
75
PETS layer
Functions and parameters
Use of PETS diagnostic functions and examples
79
79
81
SETS layer
85
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Use of SETS Timing Sources Status and examples
ABB
85
90
ESO-SDH layer
Use of ESO-SDH Timing Sources Status and examples
105
105
108
SETS Protection layer

Use of SETS Protection and examples
111
111
112
Alarms & Notifications

Alarms
Notifications
117
117
117
6 Synchronisation networks
119
Introduction
119
Background information
119
Solution / Recommendation
Allocation of clock domains
Synchronisation network robustness
Configuring master-slave synchronisation networks
120
120
122
130
7 Engineering limits
131
Number of intermediate SEC nodes in SDH networks
131
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For generic information on precautions and safety refer to the user guide
precautions and saftey.
Read carefully through the chapter "Precautions and Safety" before you start
work and ensure that you are familiar with all safety information provided.
Observe all the precautions to limit the risk of personal injury or damage to
equipment. In addition, observe the general safety procedures established
by your company.
Read now "Precautions and Safety".
Referenced documents
1KHW002008
1KHW002000
1KHW002045
SYNIO 305 User Guide
1KHW002044
SYNIF 164, 604 & SYNIC 118, 168 User Guide
1KHW002047
SYNUF 606 User Guide
1KHW002041
SYN4E 610 User Guide
1KHW002059
FOX User Guide
1KHW002001
FOX TDM System & Cross Connections User Guide
1KHW002013
COBUX 212, 213, 219, 223 & COBUV 217, 218, 220, 224 User Guide
1KHW002024
LOMIF 158, 152 & LOMI4 159, 151 User Guide
1KHW002032
PHLC3 127 User Guide
1KHW002041
1KHW002060
UCST / System Operation Basics User Guide
1KHW002061
FOX MCN, Operation and Maintenance User Guide
page 6 of 132
ABB
Technical support
ABB Technical Support is available as follows:
ABB Switzerland Ltd

Power Systems
Utility Communications
Bruggerstrasse 72
5400 Baden
Switzerland
ABB
Phone:
+41 58 589 37 35
or:
+41 844 845 845 (Call Center)
Fax:
+41 58 585 16 82
E-Mail:
utility.communication@ch.abb.com
URL:
www.abb.com/utilitycommunications
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Overview of the NE timing system
The NE timing system

General
The FOX provides the SETS and the PETS system for the NE and traffic
signal synchronisation:
PETS (Plesiochronous Equipment Timing Source)
The PETS system synchronises the PDH traffic signals and the ESO-1
3 timing signal outputs of the NE. The ESI-1 2 accept 2 MHz timing
signals for the PETS system.
It is possible to lock PETS to SETS if required. In this case, the SETS
system provides the leading timing source.
The PETS function is implemented on the COBU<X> control unit.
Two redundant control units provide automatically equipment protection
for the PETS function.
SETS (Synchronous Equipment Timing Source)
The SETS system synchronises the STM-4/1 traffic signals and the
ESO-4 timing signal output of the NE. The ESI-1 accepts a 2 MHz timing
signal for the SETS system
Synchronisation via SETS is independent of PETS. It is however possible
to synchronise the PETS system to SETS.
The SETS function is implemented on selected traffic units with STM-4
and STM-1 interfaces:
SYN4E
(SBUS unit)
SYNUF
(SBUS unit)
SYNIF
(SBUS unit)
168 User Guide
SYNIC
(SBUS unit)
168 User Guide
SYNIO
(SBUS unit)

SYNUF 606 User Guide
SYNIF 164, 604 & SYNIC 118,
SYNIF 164, 604 & SYNIC 118,
SYNIO 305 User Guide
Hence SETS is only available with at least one of the above units implemented in the FOX.
The SYNI<X>, SYNUF, SYN4E and ATIOP units can provide equipment
protection for the SETS function (for details on the availability of the
SETS protection refer to the corresponding unit descriptions and release
notes).
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The COBU<X> control units provide interfaces for external timing signals
(ESI inputs and ESO outputs) as follows:
COBUX, COBUV
support all the interfaces for external timing signals (ESI inputs and ESO
outputs) for the PETS and SETS timing systems.
COBUL, COBUQ
support all the interfaces for external timing signals (ESI inputs and ESO
outputs) for the PETS timing systems only.
Please note that redundancy for the ESO and ESI interfaces always requires
2 control units.
PETS/SETS timing and

synchronisation functions
The PETS and SETS timing systems of the FOX provide the following timing
and synchronisation functions in the NE:
SBUS (and/or ABUS) timing
SETS is
mandatory to operate the SBUS which transports TU-12 and TU-3
traffic synchronously to the STM-4/1 frames between the SBUS units
in the SBUS sector.
not relevant for the operation of the ABUS. The ABUS transports cell
traffic between the ABUS units in the ABUS sector. The ABUS clock
can be locked to SETS or PETS. SETS has no importance for cell
traffic.
However, the ATIOP unit requires SETS for its STM-1 interface.
Selection of a traffic data stream or a timing signal which is input to the
NE for the generation of the NE timing signals:
Configuration of selected timing sources for the generation of timing
signals.
Configuration of the selection algorithm for the timing sources for the
case of failures or degradation of the selected timing signal sources.
Local clock recovery, generation and distribution.
Establishment of the Mapping Tables (if applicable) for the input timing
signals.
Establishment of Routing Tables and Mapping Tables (if applicable) for
the data streams and timing signals leaving the NE.
Implementation of synchronisation information in the data streams leaving the NE.
Since the last 3 functions are implemented on the unit level, the configuration of the timing system affects the NE and the unit level. While the main
part of synchronisation affects the NE, the availability and implementation of
traffic signals depends on the corresponding traffic unit.
The dialogue Timing Sources Status provides diagnostic functions for the
analysis of the NE timing system.
The NE timing system provides separate processing for the clock signals
and their assigned QLs (Quality Levels). The traffic interfaces extract the
quality information from the signal at the input and add the corresponding
quality information to the traffic signal at the output.
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The clocks (frequency) use clock bus structures for the distribution of the
timing signals. The QL-processing relies on the internal communication
structure of the FOX.
Please note that most of the synchronisation aspects have their
relevance mainly with TDM traffic signals and units with TDM
traffic interfaces.
For ATM traffic, most of the synchronisation and QL-information
processing functions are not applicable or relevant.
SETS with 2 SBUS/ABUS
Sectors
Application
The UCST R8<X> allows you to operate the 2 SBUS/ABUS sectors of the
FOX515 simultaneously. Depending on the configured traffic units the same
physical bus of a sector transports the SDH traffic of SBUS units or ATM
cells of ABUS units.
It is not possible to simultaneously operate SBUS and ABUS units on the
same bus. A bus sector is either operated as SBUS or ABUS. The 2
SBUS/ABUS sectors of the FOX515
are independent and self-contained from the traffic signal point of
view.
SDH traffic units (SBUS)
The SBUS allows VC-12 and VC-3 cross connections only within this
sector. It is not possible to access the SBUS from other units than the
units in slots with access to the SBUS/ABUS sector.
The SBUS sector is independent of the other sector (applies for the
FOX515 only).
ATM traffic units (ABUS)

The ABUS transports ATM cells between units only within this sector.
It is not possible to access the ABUS from other units than the units in
slots with access to the ABUS sector.
The ABUS sector is independent of the other sector (applies for the
FOX515 only).
build one logical SETS system that synchronises both SBUS/ABUS sectors (if applicable).
This means that all the
SBUS units and ABUS units with SETS (i.e. ATIOP) of both (if applicable) SBUS/ABUS sectors provide potential sources for the NE
SETS system.
ESI input signals (input via COBUX, COBUV) affect the synchronisation in both sectors the same way.
PBUS and other traffic units (if applicable) can provide timing signals
for the NE SETS system.
SBUS units of both (if applicable) SBUS/ABUS sectors use the same
SBUS clock for their traffic signals.
ATIOP units of both (if applicable) SBUS/ABUS sectors use the same
clock for their SDH traffic signals.
The physical implementation of the logical SETS system relies on the local SETS circuits of each SBUS/ABUS sector. The local SETS circuits in
both SBUS/ABUS sectors run synchronously.
ABB
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Configuration
With the UCST you configure the logical SETS system. The physical SETS
systems (as shown in the block diagram below) are not visible:
The SBUS/ABUS sector where the first SYNI<X>, SYNUF, SYN4E or
ATIOP is (UCST) configured becomes the Prime SETS Sector.
The physical SETS circuit of the Prime SETS Sector provides the master
SBUS synchronisation signal for the NE.
The Prime SETS Sector provides the timing signals for the ESO interfaces of the COBUX or COBUV control units and reads the timing signals
from the ESI interfaces of the COBUX or COBUV.
The other sector automatically becomes the Agent SETS Sector.
The physical SETS of the Agent SETS Sector synchronises its local
SBUS/ABUS clock signal to the master SBUS synchronisation signal.
Protection
It is possible to implement SETS circuit (unit) protection independently for

the Prime and the Agent SETS Sector.
It is not possible to protect the Prime SETS Sector with the Agent SETS
Sector. If the Prime SETS Sector fails, there is no way to recover its SETS
function from the Agent SETS Sector. The Agent SETS sector synchronises
to its local internal clock signal.
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Clock frequency aspect of the timing system

Block diagram
The block diagram below shows the clock frequency aspect of the NE timing
system and the QL/SSI processing at the unit interfaces. The block diagram
shows the full physical system including the SETS systems for both
SBUS/ABUS sectors.
In addition, the diagram shows the interaction between the functional blocks
of the timing systems and the corresponding UCST dialogues.
The diagram does not show the internal QL-processing within the SETS and
PETS timing systems. The paragraph "QL-processing aspect of the timing
system" describes this aspect.
If the Prime SETS Sector features redundancy for the SETS and/or the NE
has redundancy for its PETS function, either of the Working or the Protecting
Unit may provide the active Control and Selection block. The active block
drives the timing signals and processes the QL-information. The protecting
block processes the same timing signals and information in parallel but has
high impedance outputs.
ABB
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Figure 1-1:
Clock frequency aspect of the NE timing system
Agent SETS
Sector
Protecting Unit (Agent SETS Sector)
Unit <n> / SbU <m>

STM-4/1 IF
Working Unit (Agent SETS Sector)
SDH-1 (QL)
SDH-2 (QL)
SDH-3 (QL)
SF
SSM
QLRX
QLAdapted
Mapping
Table
QLTS
Unit <x> / SbU <y>

STM-4/1
SBUS
y
QLOUT
QLAdapted
Protecting Unit (Prime SETS Sector)

Working Unit (Prime SETS Sector)
Unit <n> / SbU <m>

STM-4/1 IF
QLTX
Routing
Table
SETS Input
from Prime
SDH-1 (QL)
SSM/-
Mapping
Table
SETS Inter-Sector
Synchronisation
SDH-2 (QL)
SDH-3 (QL)
Select A
SETS Output
to Agent
SF
Squelch
SSM
QLAdapted
Select C
QLRX
QLTS
ESO-4
Mapping
Table
Internal
QL = 11
Squelch
Unit <x> / SbU <y>

STM-4/1 IF
SBUS
Locked
Select B
Mapping
Table
QLOUT
(PLL)
SETS Inter-Sector
Synchronisation
Holdover
Free-running
SETS Input
from Prime
Prime SETS
Sector
QLAdapted
Internal
Frequency
SETS Output
to Agent
SSM/-
SETG
QLTX
Routing
Table
fO
Source
Monitor
Selection and Control SETS

Unit with STM-4/1 Interface and SETS
PETS locked to SETS

Protecting Unit
Unit <n> / SbU <m>
ESO-4'
Internal source
QL = N
Working Unit
PDH-1 (QL)
PDH-2 (QL)
Select P
PDH-3 (QL)
SSI
SSM
PLL
PBUS
Filter Q
(high/low)
PDH-4 (QL)
SF
ESO-1'
Squelch
QLTS
ESO
PDH
ESI-1'
QLRX
(UBUS)
SSM / SSI /-
QLOUT
ESO-2'
ESO-1
SSI
Unit <x> / SbU <y>
ESO-4
ESO-3'
ESO-2
Routing
Table
QLTX, SSI
ESO-3
ESI-2'
ESI-1
ESI-2
Timing Sources
Selection and Control PETS

COBU<X>
Source Selection
Priorities, QL override
Holdoff time/WTR
ESO-1 ... 3
ESO-4
Squelch
Recovery filter PETS
Equipment Timing Source

Source allocation
Timing Sources Status
Forced synchronisation
Lock out
Temporary
override
SbU n: Synchronisation
Synchronisation
State
Get
Output:
- Routing Table
- QL Mapping Tables
Input:
- QL Mapping Tables
NE Configuration
Unit Configuration
SF Signal Fail
Please note that the FOX512 cannot support the Agent SETS Sector
since it only has 1 SBUS/ABUS sector.
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Source selection
In the block diagram, you can easily identify the generic elements of the
SETS (upper part) and the PETS (lower part) system.
SETS
Select A
The Select A pre-selects the timing source for the ESO-4/SDH output
(via Select C) if this output operates in the mode Non SETS locked.
The Select A has access to all SETS compatible traffic sources and
ESI-1.
Select B
The Select B selects the timing source for the SBUS/ABUS and consequently for all STM-4/1 traffic signals leaving the NE. Simultaneously it provides the timing source for the ESO-4/SDH output (via Select C) if this output operates in the mode SETS locked.
The Select B has access to all SETS compatible traffic sources and
ESI-1. Additionally it can select the frequency of the internal source if
no other source is available or during holdover.
Select C
The Select C selects the timing signal for the timing signal ESO4/SDH interface depending on the ESO-SDH mode:
ESO-SDH: Non SETS locked
The timing signal for the ESO-4/SDH is provided via the Select A
switch. A squelch circuit suppresses the ESO-4 timing signal from
Select A if the QL of the selected source signal matches configurable QL values.
ESO-SDH: SETS locked
The timing signal for the ESO-4/SDH is provided via the Select B
switch. A squelch circuit suppresses the ESO-4 timing signal from
Select B if the QL of the selected source signal matches configurable QL values.
A programmable squelch function allows you to suppress the timing
signal at the ESO-4/SDH output for distinct QL values provided with
the selected timing signal.
PETS
Select P
The Select P selects the timing source for the PETS and the
ESO-1 3/PETS interfaces.
SETS Inter-Sector Synchronisation
The synchronisation between the Prime SETS Sector and the Agent SETS
Sector is established via the SETS Inter-Sector Synchronisation signal
(SISS signal):
A dedicated clock bus line (bi-directional) links the Agent SETS Sector to
the Prime SETS Sector. Both sectors access the bus line via a dedicated
SISS switch that connects the SISS signal as an input or output for their
SETS system.
The Prime SETS Sector provides the timing signal of its SETG via the
switch (set to output) and the clock bus line to the Agent SETS Sector.
The Agent SETS Sector feeds the SISS signal from the clock bus line
via its SISS switch (set to input) to its SETS Select B.
ABB
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If the Prime SETS Sector fails, the Agent SETS sector synchronises to its
local internal clock signal. The working SETS unit in the Agent SETS Sector
creates the SETS Inter-sector Synchronisation fault and the NE issues a
corresponding alarm.
The ESI and ESO signals of the Prime SETS Sector are automatically linked
with the COBUX or COBUV control unit.
Clock recovery
SETG and Holdover

The SETG (Synchronous Equipment Timing Generator) reconditions the
signal of the selected SDH timing source for the synchronisation of the
NE and if applicable for the ESO-4/SDH.
The Internal Frequency circuit provides a reference clock signal of a very
precisely defined frequency. The SETS system uses the clock of the Internal Frequency in two ways:
Internal frequency reference

After a power-up, the Internal Frequency circuit generates a reference
clock signal with a factory pre-set frequency (f0). The SETS system
synchronises to this clock as long as there is no SDH timing source
with a higher priority or QL available.
This selection corresponds to the Internal selection for the SETS system. The Internal Frequency circuit generates the clock (frequency).
The clock operation mode is Free running and the input provides the
QL = 11 (Internal) that is fixed assigned to this clock selection.
Once SETS synchronises to a SDH timing source, the automatic selection algorithm for timing sources can no longer enter this mode.
However, the synchronisation maintenance functions allows you to
override the automatic selection of the timing sources and force the
clock operation mode to Free running.
Holdover
For clock operation modes Locked the Source Monitor circuit monitors the frequency of the selected timing source signal and makes the
Internal Frequency circuit generate a clock signal of the same frequency (with an accuracy of 0.02 ppm).
If the selected source fails, the Internal Frequency circuit instantly
freezes the frequency of its signal and SETG switches immediately to
this clock signal. The SETS system enters the clock operation mode
Holdover. The frequency of SETS now corresponds very accurately
to the frequency of the SDH timing source before the failure.
In Holdover, the SETS system evaluates an alternative timing source
and the Selector B switches the corresponding signal to the SETG input. During this time, the selector B still provides the QL of the failed
timing source. If the new reference signal is available for the SETG,
the SETS system releases the Holdover mode and SETG switches to
the new reference clock signal. The clock operation mode is Locked
again.
If no SDH timing source is available, the Internal Frequency circuit
continues to provide its clock signal (with the frozen frequency) but
now provides the QL (= 11) for Internal. The clock operation mode is
Locked to Internal.
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PETS
The PLL allows you to select a PLL-filter with a high or low Q to adapt the
jitter transfer function of the timing signals.
Traffic sources
The traffic units provide the timing sources that rely on clock signals extracted from the traffic signals. The traffic signal interfaces monitor the quality of the incoming traffic signal and stop providing their clock signal in the
case of TSF (Traffic Signal Fail) or TSD (Traffic Signal Degraded) traffic signal conditions. The interface generates the TSF and TSD flags based on
failures of the layer 1 and other criteria such as TTI mismatch, BER etc.
The subunits extract the SSM and SSI information from the traffic signals at
the traffic signal inputs and adapt the QL if the subunit has a corresponding
Input Mapping Table (SYNI<X>, SYNUF, SYN4E, ATIOP). The subunits provide this QL information (QL-STMIN, QL-PDHIN) for further processing in the
SETS and PETS timing system.
It is possible to assign a traffic source to each of the internal SETS clock
buses and (if applicable) to each of the internal PETS clock buses. In the
mode SETS only the UCST automatically assigns the SETS timing signal
from SETG to the PDH-3 clock bus as the only timing source for the PETS
timing system. In this mode it is not possible to configure timing sources for
PETS.
Please note that the SYN4E has some restrictions with the access
to the internal SETS clock buses and with the selection of PDH
timing signals.
Dedicated interfaces for

timing signals
ABB
The timing systems provide dedicated inputs ESI and outputs ESO for 2048
kHz timing signals. The COBU<X> control unit provides all dedicated interfaces for external timing signals.
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Figure 1-2:
COBU<X> synchronisation interfaces
Please note that the SDH functionalities of the ESI-1 and the
ESO-4 are only available with the COBUX and COBUV control
units!
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Figure 1-3: Summary of synchronisation interfaces characteristics

IF
PETS
SETS
Impedance
Galvanic
75
120
separation
ESI-1
(X)
ESI-2
ESO-1
(X)
ESO-2
ESO-3
ESO-4
(S)
(S)
(X) and (S) tagged features are available with the templates and COBU<X>
hardware as follows:
(X), (S)
COBUX
(X), (S)
COBUV
(X)
(X)
COBUL
COBUQ
(R3)
(R4)
(R5)
(R3)
(R4)
(R5)
145, 146
212, 213
219, 223:
137, 237
217, 218
220, 224:
ROFBU 367 103/1 R2B
ROFBU 367 103/2 R1A
(R3) 215
(R4) 216:
ROFBU 367 215/1 R1B
(R3) 144:
ROFBU 367 114/1 R2C
Older COBU<X> hardware does not support the (X) features.

Older COBUX and COBUV hardware does not support the (S) features.
Status and selection override
A comprehensive status menu allows you to read the status of the NE timing
system and to temporarily override the automatic selection to debug and test
the NE timing:
Force the selection of a timing source
Lockout timing sources from the NE timing system
Keep SETS in the Holdover mode
ABB
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QL-processing aspect of the timing system

The QL (Quality Level) information for synchronisation purposes is a part of
the SSM (Synchronisation Status Message) signalling system for PDH and
SDH signals.
The table below shows the definition of the QL levels according to the ITU-T
standards (PDH according to ITU-T G.704, SDH according to ITU-T G.707):
Four 4-bit patterns for synchronisation levels are agreed to within ITU-T.
Two additional 4-bit patterns are assigned as follows:
One pattern to indicate that the quality of the synchronisation is unknown (bit pattern 0000)
One pattern to indicate that the signal should not be used for synchronisation (bit pattern 1111)
The remaining codes are reserved for quality levels defined by the individual operators.
Figure 1-4:
Allocation of QL with SSM
QL
Bit Pattern
(Note 1)
Synchronisation Quality Level (QL) description
0000
Quality unknown (existing synchronisation network)
0001
Reserved
0010
Rec. G.811
0011
Reserved
0100
SSU-A (Note 2)
0101
Reserved
0110
Reserved
0111
Reserved
1000
SSU-B (Note 2)
1001
Reserved
10
1010
Reserved
11
1011
Synchronous Equipment Timing Source (SETS)
12
1100
Reserved
13
1101
Reserved
14
1110
Reserved
15
1111
Do not use for synchronisation
NOTE 1 The 4-bit patterns are implemented in the Sa-bits of the TS0 for PDH and
in the S1-bits for the SDH traffic signals.
NOTE 2 Synchronisation Supply Unit (SSU) type A and type B align with the clock
definitions in Recommendation G.812.
In the FOX separate processes handle the QL (Quality Level) information of

the timing signal sources. The SETS and PETS system can use the QL of a
timing source as one of the parameters for the selection of their reference
timing source.
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It is possible to manually override the QL of a timing source (with restrictions

however) or to modify the QL-information via mapping tables. If the incoming
signal features no QL information (signals with SSI, none), a default QL will
be assigned to these signals.
The UCST allows you normally (some of the sources provide restrictions) to
assign QL values from 1 14. The FOX uses the QL = 15 to signal Do not
use this traffic signal for synchronisation.
The processing of QL depends on the timing system (SETS, PETS) and the
traffic signal interfaces. The following paragraphs describe some of the most
important processing schemes.
UBUS/PBUS traffic units

and ESI-PDH
The diagram below shows the QL information handling for traffic interfaces
with access to the UBUS/PBUS and for the ESI PDH timing signal interfaces.
Figure 1-5:
QL handling for UBUS/PBUS traffic units and ESI PDH

Select ed Source
Traf f ic signal
Input
QLRX
Ext ract ion of

QL, SSM
QLTS
Override by
QLFix
QLIn
Timing Source
Select ion
QLOut
Override QL by
Rout ing Table
Traf f ic signal
Out put
QLTX
PETS
Received
QLFix
ESI PDH
Do not use
Can be used
QLIn
QL based
select ion
Priorit y based
select ion
Override by
QLFix
QLFix
Unit Conf igurat ion
NE Conf igurat ion
The traffic sources may or may not use SSM and therefore the traffic signal
interface is able or not able to extract a QLRX from the incoming traffic signal:
Traffic source provides a timing signal with SSM
It is possible to configure the timing system so that the
QLTS is forwarded as received
QLTS is overwritten with a specified value
to generate QLIn for the Timing Source Selection.
Timing source without SSM (SSI, none)
It is possible to assign a specified QL to the timing source. Before you
can assign a QL, you have to select a priority for the timing source since
the default of the source is "disabled".
The timing signals that are provided via the ESI PDH interfaces do not carry
SSM information. It is also possible to assign a QL for these signals.
ABB
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Values for QL that you assign are "artificial values" without direct
relation to the quality of the timing source.
The traffic signals leaving the NE carry normally SSM information that corresponds to the selected timing source (SETS and PETS). However it is possible to override this information via the
Output Routing Table
The routing table defines for each traffic signal (leaving the NE) whether
the signal can be used or not used for synchronisation purposes.
Depending on the selected source the Routing Table marks the traffic
signal with "Can be used" or "Do not use".
Only the NE with a QL based selection mode interprets the "Do not
use" in the traffic signal. If the signal is input to an NE with a Priority Table based selection algorithm the traffic signal might be used
for synchronisation according to its priority.
STM-4/1 traffic interfaces
and ESI-SDH
The diagram below shows the QL information handling for STM-1 traffic
interfaces and for the ESI SDH timing signal interface.
Figure 1-6:
Traf f ic signal
Input
QLRX
Ext ract ion of

QL, SSM
QL handling for STM-1 traffic units and ESI SDH
QLTS
Input M apping
Table f or QL
QLAdapt ed
QLTS QLAdapted
Override by
QLFix
QLIn
Received
QLFix

ESI SDH
Override by
QLFix
QLIn
QLFix
Select ed Source
QLIn
Timing Source
Select ion
QLOut
Out put M apping

Table f or QL
QLAdapt ed
Override QL by
Rout ing Table
Traf f ic signal
Out put
QLTX
SETS
QLOut QLAdapt ed
QLIn
Do not use
Can be used
QL based
select ion
Priorit y based
select ion
NE Conf igurat ion
1KHW002008
page 22 of 132
ABB
The STM-4/1 traffic based synchronisation system provides the following

functional blocks for the QL processing at the input:
Input Mapping Table
The Input Mapping table for the STM-4/1 traffic signals maps the QLRX information that is extracted from the traffic signal to new QL values
QLAdapted.
Override by QLFix
It is possible to configure the timing system so that the
QLAdapted is forwarded as received
QLAdapted is overwritten with a specified value
to generate QLIn for the Timing Source Selection.

ESI SDH
The timing signal that is provided via the ESI SDH interface does not
carry SSM information. It is also possible to assign a QL for this signal.
Before you can assign a QL, you have to select a priority for the timing
source since the default of the source is "disabled".
Values for QL that you assign are "artificial values" without direct
relation to the quality of the timing source.
The traffic signals leaving the NE normally carry SSM information that corresponds to the selected timing source (SETS and PETS). However it is possible to override this information via the
The Output Mapping Table for STM-4/1 traffic signals maps the QLOUT for
the NE timing to new values QLAdapted.
Output Routing Table
The routing table defines for each traffic signal (leaving the NE) whether
the signal can be used or not for synchronisation purposes.
Depending on the selected source the Routing Table marks the traffic
signal with "Can be used" or "Do not use".
Only the NE with a QL based selection mode interprets the "Do not
use" in the traffic signal. If the signal is input to an NE with a Priority Table based selection algorithm the traffic signal might be used
for synchronisation according to its priority.
ABB
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ESO-PDH
Figure 1-7:
QL handling for the ESO-1 3/PDH outputs

Selected Source
from Timing
Signal Sources
for PETS
QLIn
Timing Source
Selection
QLOut
Output Mapping
Table for QL
Squelched
Override QL by
Routing Table
PETS
(SETS for "SETS
only")
Squelch
Do not squelch
ESO- 1 3
PDH
Timing signal
without QL
Do not use
Can be used
QL based selection
Priority based
selection
Timing Signal is suppressed for
- "Squelch" and
- "Do not use" respectively
NE Configuration
The timing source selection for the ESO-1 3/PDH depends on the selected Equipment Timing Source:
SETS and PETS
The PETS system has its own sources which steer the Routing Tables of
the ESO-1 3/PDH outputs.
SETS only (PETS locked to SETS)
The PETS system is locked to the SETS system which provides the timing sources to steer the Routing Tables of the ESO-1 3/PDH outputs.
The Output Mapping Table for QL allows you to squelch (suppress) the timing signal for selectable QL values. A squelched timing signal is suppressed
and no longer available at the ESO interface.
The Routing Table suppresses the timing signal for an ESO depending on
the selected reference timing source. For this purpose it is possible to configure the Routing Table "Do not use" or "Can be used" for all timing sources
of the ESO-1 3/PDH.
If any of the Mapping Table or Routing Table sets the timing signal to "Do
not use" the corresponding ESO interface is switched off.
ESO-SDH
The ESO-4/SDH operates in 2 principally different modes:

SETS locked mode
Non SETS locked mode
SETS locked mode
1KHW002008
In the SETS locked mode, the SETG of the SETS system provides the timing signal for the ESO-4/SDH. The timing sources for the ESO-4/SDH are
the same as for the Select B.
page 24 of 132
ABB
Figure 1-8:
QL handling for the ESO-4 SDH output

SETS locked mode
Select ed Source
f rom Timing
Signal Sources
f or SETS
QLIn
Timing Source
Select ion
SETS
ESO SETS locked
(Select B)
QL based
select ion
Priorit y based
select ion
ESO-4
SDH
Out put M apping
Table f or QL
QLAdapt ed
QLOut
Squelch (Do not use)

QLOut QL = 15
Do not squelch
(Can be used)
QLOut QLOut
Override QL by
Rout ing Table
Timing
signal
w it hout QL
Do not use
Can be used
Timing Signal is suppressed

f or
- " Squelch" and
- " Do not use" respect ively
NE Conf igurat ion
and no longer available at the ESO interface.
The Routing Table suppresses the timing signal for the ESO depending on
the selected reference timing source. To this purpose, it is possible to configure the Routing Table "Do not use" or "Can be used" for all timing sources
of the ESO-4/SDH.
If any of the Mapping Table or Routing Table sets the timing signal to "Do
not use" the ESO-4/SDH interface is switched off.
ABB
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In the Non SETS locked mode, the ESO-4/SDH uses its own selector switch
(Select A) for the selection of the timing signal. The Select A provides the
same timing sources as the Select B but the internal source. The selection
processes and parameters implemented for the Select A are the same as for
the Select B but without the holdover function and the free running mode.
Figure 1-9:
f rom Timing
Signal Sources
f or SETS
QLIn
QL handling for the ESO-4 SDH output

Timing Source
Select ion
QLOut
ESO SDH
Non SETS locked
(Select A)
QL based
select ion
Priorit y based
select ion
Out put M apping

Table f or QL
ESO-4
SDH
QLAdapt ed
Timing signal
w it hout QL
Squelch (Do not use)

QLOut QL = 15
Do not squelch
(Can be used)
QLOut QLOut
Timing Signal is suppressed
f or
- " Squelch" (" Do not use" )
NE Conf igurat ion
and is no longer available at the ESO-4/SDH interface.
Due to the individual selector switch for the Non SETS locked ESO-4/SDH
the function of the Output Routing Table becomes obsolete. The selection
switch allows you to eliminate timing signals from sources not suitable for
the ESO-4/SDH.
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ABB
The FOX allows the simultaneous operation of timing sources and output
devices that use traffic signals with SSI and SSM.
SSI/SSM processing and

selection algorithms
This parallel processing of synchronisation status protocols creates special

cases for the QL-handling and the selection of timing sources when the priority based selection algorithm is selected.
Figure 1-10:
Input
SSI
0
QL processing for SSI/SSM inputs and timing source selection for priority based selection algorithms
QL IN
State
Input
Selected QL SELECTED
source
SSM
(0) -
15
1 (15) -
QL IN
LOS
15
15
15
15
114
114
LOS
15
1)
1)
1)
15
4)
To Mapping Tables
and squelch
SSI
SSM
QL SELECTED
3)
QL SELECTED
3)
QL SELECTED
3)
Failed
New S.
Ok
Input
Failed
New S.
Ok
Input
2)
QL IN
QL SELECTED
3)
Ok
Input
2)
QL IN
QL SELECTED
3)
OK
Input
2)
QL IN
QL SELECTED
3)
Failed
New S.
QL SELECTED
3)
2)
QL IN
15
15
4)
4)
LOS Loss Of Signal

1)
A fixed assigned QL or an input Mapping Table (where applicable) define or change these QLs.
2)
Input is selected if the priority based selection algorithm selects the

input as the highest priority timing source.
3)
The Output Mapping Tables (squelch for given QL) and Output Routing Tables (squelch for selected timing source) can override the QL
SELECTED of the selected timing source and transmit an adapted QL
with the output signal.
4)
It is possible to select a timing source with QL = 15.
If the selection algorithm for the NE timing source is QL based, the selection
of the timing source looks for the best QL level, which is at least the QL = 14
of the internal source.
ABB
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Protection
Protection types
In the block diagram shown in the paragraph "Clock frequency aspect of the
timing system" you can identify Working and Protecting Units (thus 2 units)
for each of the SETS (Prime, Agent) and the PETS selection and control
systems:
SETS Control and Selection
The protecting block is required to implement the SETS equipment protection. Each SETS control block resides on a SYNI<X>, SYNUF, SYN4E
or ATIOP unit.
You can implement SETS equipment protection independently for each
of the SBUS/ABUS sectors.
However, it is not possible to protect the Prime SETS Sector function with
the units of the Agent SETS Sector.
PETS Control and Selection
The protecting block is required to implement PETS equipment protection. Each PETS control block resides on a COBU<X> control unit.
It becomes also evident that the redundancy of the ESI and ESO interfaces always requires equipment protection of the control unit.
The SETS/PETS equipment protection is system inherent and thus requires
no special configuration for the timing systems but the implementation of
protecting units.
SETS Protection
SETS equipment protection requires the implementation of two

SYNIF/SYNIC/SYNUF/SYN4E units (SBUS) or two ATIOP units (ABUS) in
pre-defined paired slots within the SBUS/ABUS sector:
The unit in the left slot of the SBUS/ABUS sector provides the working
(master) SETS circuit which is active under regular operating conditions.
The unit in the right slot of the same SBUS/ABUS sector provides the
protecting (slave) SETS circuit.
You can implement SETS equipment protection for the Prime and/or the
Agent SETS Sector (if applicable). The Prime and Agent Sectors can host
any mixtures of SBUS and ABUS (STM-4/1 interfaces provided).
The structure of the SBUS implies some rules for the slot allocation
of the SYNIF/SYNIC/SYNUF/SYN4E and ATIOP units that shall
provide SETS equipment protection.
Normally, the working and the protecting SETS circuits are synchronised to
the same timing source. Both circuits thus provide identical timing signals for
the NE. However, only the timing signals of the active unit drive clock lines,
while the outputs of the line drivers of the standby unit are high impedance.
Even if the synchronisation is a NE feature and is configured at the NE level,
the unit with a SETS circuit provides the alarms for the failures of its SETS
circuit. Consequently, both units normally generate the same SETS related
alarms (if any) and there are no particular alarms for the SETS protection
function.
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page 28 of 132
ABB
For details on these alarms, refer to the user guides of the corresponding
units.
The following events can trigger a SETS switchover:
Figure 1-11:
Events and switchover of the SETS circuit
Event
Switchover
Description
UC
Failure of the SETS

circuit
yes
One or more of the monitored internal clock

signals is/are missing.
Unit or circuit failures
yes
Failure of the local microprocessor system

(bootloader, ESW, clock and watchdog
reset)
SETS Source out of

limits
yes
The SETS circuit produces a clock signal

with a frequency or phase shift that is/that
are out of the tolerated limits.
SETS not calibrated
The internal reference frequency is not

calibrated or the corresponding entry in the
inventory data block is corrupted.
No switchover. This condition initiates the
distribution of the QL (Quality Level) value
DNU (Do Not Use) with the timing signals
within the SETS timing signal domain.
Manual
yes
Command issued via the Timing Sources

Status dialogue of the UCST.
Legend:
UC
Unconditional switchover
The local clock drivers are shut down independently of whether a protecting unit is available or not. If a protecting unit is available, it now
provides the SETS function for the NE.
Conditional switchover
If a protecting unit is available the local clock drivers are shut down to
allow the protecting unit to take over the SETS function for the NE.
The switchover from the working to the protecting unit and vice
versa is not hitless for the internal clock signals and thus may affect the synchronisation and the traffic signals.
PETS Protection
The equipment protection for the control unit provides at the same time the
PETS equipment protection.
For details on the protection of the control unit, refer to the COBUX/COBUV
User Guide.
ABB
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Status/Maintenance
The UCST provides status/maintenance functions for SETS/PETS protection

via the
Timing Sources Status dialogues in the NE configuration menu that allow you to control manually the activation of redundant SETS circuits
(NEs with COBUX and COBUV only).
Board layer Status/Maintenance dialogues of the COBU<X> that allow
you to manually control the operation of redundant control units and thus
the PETS timing system.
The block diagram that is shown in the paragraph "Clock frequency aspect
of the timing system" indicates the interaction between the functional blocks
of the timing system and the corresponding UCST dialogues.
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ABB
Selection of timing sources

Timing sources for PETS
The PETS system provides the following timing sources and internal clock
buses:
PDH-1 4 which can provide timing signals from units with PBUS and
UBUS access and corresponding traffic interfaces. The suitability of a
traffic signal as timing source can depend on the interface operation
mode and the extraction of the timing information (e.g. CES signals of the
ACONV). For details of this aspect, refer to the unit descriptions.
If the NE uses the synchronisation mode SETS only, the SETG provides
the timing signal for PETS via the PDH-3 bus.
The UBUS units have access to the PDH-1 and 2 buses only. It is possible to use the timing signals on these two buses for PETS and SETS.
The COBU<X> provides the ESI-1 2/PDH interfaces for external
2048 kHz timing signals.
COBU<X> internal PDH timing source
The PETS system can use the internal PDH timing source on the
COBU<X> if there is no other timing source available.
This source has an accuracy of 50 ppm according to ITU-T G.703. It is
possible to assign a QL from 12 to 14 to the internal source.
Normally all timing sources of the PETS system provide a QL and a priority.
PETS selection algorithms
The PETS system selects its reference timing source from among the available timing signals with the criteria SF, QL and Priority in the following order:
1
SF (Signal Fail) for the timing source
QL (Quality Level) provided with the timing source
Priority of the timing source
This selection mode implies that all timing sources provide an appropriate
priority and QL value. Depending on the selected algorithm, the QL criterion
is omitted for the selection of the reference source.
Selection via Priority
The PETS system selects the timing source with the highest priority. If
the selected source fails, the algorithm selects the source with the next
highest priority (available). If a source with a higher priority becomes
available, the algorithm selects this source (revertive switching).
If the selected level of priority has more than one timing source, the algorithm selects any of the sources. In the case where the selected timing
source fails, another source of the same level of priority is selected (nonrevertive switching).
The selection algorithm does not consider the QL criterion!
Selection via QL
The algorithm selects the timing source with the highest QL. If there are
signals with the same QL, the priorities assigned to the timing sources
decide on the selection.
The selection algorithm considers the QL and the Priority criterion!
ABB
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1KHW002008
For details on source selection in systems with SSI and SSM timing sources,
refer to the paragraph "SSI/SSM special" in the description of the QLprocessing aspect of the timing system.
Clock Recovery
The Clock Extraction provides a filter with a selectable filter characteristic.

A wide (low Q) or narrow (high Q) filter characteristic allows the adaptation
for a pre-defined jitter transfer function:
Standard setting for multiplexer in public networks.
Low Q:
High Q: For multiplexers with interfaces to ONP.
For more information, refer to the COBUX/COBUV User Guide.
Timing sources for SETS
The SETS system provides the following internal timing sources and clock
buses:
SDH-1 3 which can provide timing signals from STM-4/1 traffic
sources.
PDH-1 2 which can provide timing signals from units with PBUS and
UBUS access.
If the NE uses the synchronisation mode SETS only, the SETG provides
the timing signal for PETS via the PDH-3 bus.
The COBU<X> provides the ESI-1/SDH interface for an external
2048 kHz timing signal.
SYNI<X>/SYNUF/SYN4E/ATIOP internal SDH timing source
The SETS system can use the internal SDH timing source on a unit with
an STM-4/1 interface (SYNI<X>/SYNUF/SYN4E/ATIOP) if there is no
other timing source available.
The internal timing source has an accuracy of 4.6 ppm. The internal
source has a fixed priority of 8 and a fixed QL of 11.
Normally all timing sources of the SETS system provide a QL and a priority.
It is possible to specify for each of the SETS timing sources a Hold-off and
WTR (Wait To Restore) time:
Hold-off time
The Hold-off time ensures that short (re-)activations of the SF (Signal
Fail) are not passed to the timing source selection process.
WTR time
The WTR time ensures that the selection process only considers a previously selected and failed timing source as available again if this source
remains fault free for the WTR time.
The Hold-off and WTR time de-bounce the selection of timing sources if the
sources provide temporary unstable timing signals.
SETS selection algorithms
1KHW002008
The SETS system selects its reference timing source from among the available timing signals with the criteria SF, QL and Priority. The SETS system
uses the same selection processes as PETS. For more information, refer to
the paragraph "PETS selection algorithms".
page 32 of 132
ABB
The following parameters and functions influence the selection process of

the SETS system:
Hold-off and WTR time
Holdover circuit
For details on source selection in systems with SSI and SSM timing sources,
refer to the paragraph "SSI/SSM special" in the description of the QLprocessing aspect of the timing system.
Clock Recovery
ABB
The SETS system does not provide configurable parameters for this function.
page 33 of 132
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ESO timing signals

ESO-1 3/PDH
The ESO-1 3/PDH provide the clock signal of the PETS system. If the
Equipment Timing Source is SETS only, the PETS system synchronises to
SETS as the only source and provides the clock for ESO-1 3/PDH.
ESO-4/SDH
The ESO-4/SDH has 2 modes of operation with significant differences for the
timing signal:
SETS locked mode
The ESO-4/SDH provides a timing signal from the SETG clock recovery
circuit (via Select B). SETG reconditions the timing signal for the ESO4/SDH.
The ESO-4/SDH provides the timing signal from the selected timing
source (via Select A). The signal of this timing source is switched directly
to the ESO-4/SDH interface without clock recovery circuits or jitter reconditioning.
Reconditioning of the clock and elimination of jitter is required for timing signals extracted at the end of a chain with serial timing provisioning via several
NEs. The Non SETS locked ESO-4/SDH allows external reconditioning of
the extracted timing signal from an SDH interface and its feed back to the
NE e.g. via ESI-1/SDH as a new synchronous timing reference.
Figure 1-12:
Reconditioning of the SDH timing

SDH-1 2
PDH IF
unit
PDH-1 2
"Poor Quality"
SDH Clock
STM-1
2 Mbit/s
Select
A
Squelch
ESI-1/SDH
2 MHz
SASE
NE
Timing Sources
STM-1 IF
unit
Select
C
ESO-4/SDH
COBU<X>
COBU<X>
SETS
Select
B
2 MHz
Clock Recovery
&
Jitter
Elimination
Squelch
SETG
(PLL)
NE internal timing
SBUS, STM-1
Internal
"High Quality" SDH Reference Clock

2 MHz
SASE Stand Alone Synchronisation Equipment

The "poor quality" SDH timing source (SDH or PDH) is input to the Select A
which routes this clock via the Select C to the ESO-4/SDH. The external
SASE reconditions this clock signal and eliminates the jitter.
1KHW002008
page 34 of 132
ABB
The output of the SASE is a "high quality" SDH clock signal that the SASE
feeds to the ESI-1/SDH of the NE.
The NE selects the signal at its ESI-1/SDH as an SDH timing source with
high priority and high QL for the SETG (via Select B).
ABB
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1KHW002008
Selection of the equipment timing source

To configure the NE timing system select the menu
NE Configuration Timing Sources.
The dialogue that pops up is context sensitive. This means that the dialogue
provides parameters and tabs for functional layers depending on
Availability of STM-4/1 interfaces
Synchronisation mode of the PETS system if STM-4/1 interfaces are
available.
For an explanation of the functions and the relationship between the functions, refer to the previous paragraphs ("Overview of the NE timing system").
The following paragraphs describe the configuration and parameters of the
timing system.
Please note that your NE should now contain all units that provide
traffic signals or which contribute functions to the timing system of
the NE.
The configuration of the units and subunits should correspond to
the final configuration, especially the configuration of the relevant
parameters implied with synchronisation (SSM-, SSI-mode, Terminated etc.).
The menu File Print... <Print Object = Timing Sources> allows you to
print the configuration of the timing system.
For more information on the print function and print samples, refer to UCST /
System Operation Basics User Guide.
1KHW002008
The Timing Sources dialogue for NEs without STM-1 interface(s) has no
tabs for the functional layers of SETS or selections for related parameters.
The default dialogue looks as follows:
page 36 of 132
ABB
Figure 1-13:
Timing Sources sample dialogue

The tab Traffic sources only provides the

PDH clock buses PDH-1 4
for the selection of traffic (timing) sources.
The other tabs allow the configuration of the PDH timing system (PETS,
ESO-PDH, ESO-PDH QL).
The default value for all traffic (timing) sources is "Not used".
For details on the configuration of the PDH timing system, refer to the descriptions "Configuration of the PETS system".
ABB
The Timing Sources dialogue for NEs with STM-4/1 interface(s) provides
tabs for the functional layers of SETS, PETS and related parameters. The
default dialogue looks as follows:
page 37 of 132
1KHW002008
Figure 1-14:
Timing Sources sample dialogue for SETS and PETS

The tab Traffic sources provides the

SDH clock buses SDH-1 3
PDH clock buses PDH-1 4
for the selection of traffic (timing) sources.
The other tabs allow the configuration of the SDH timing system (SETS,
ESO-SDH, ESO-SDH QL) and the PDH timing system (PETS, ESO-PDH,
ESO-PDH QL).
The default value for all traffic (timing) sources is "Not used".
The first step of configuration for a timing system with SETS is the definition
of the Equipment Timing Source. This selection decides whether your NE
has independent timing systems for PETS and SETS or not.
1KHW002008
Select
SETS and PETS
from the Equipment Timing

Source field in the dialogue if you
need independent PDH and SDH
timing systems (refer to the dialogue above).
or select
SETS only
from the Equipment Timing

Source field in the dialogue if you
want to lock the PDH timing system to the SDH timing system (refer to the dialogue below).
page 38 of 132
ABB
Figure 1-15:
Timing Sources sample dialogue for SETS only

NE with SYNIF STM-1 interface
Since this selection of the Equipment Timing Source mode is the

leading parameter for the NE synchronisation, a later change
modifies automatically the configuration of your timing system.
You lose parts of your configuration if you switch back and forward
between the settings!
ABB
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ABB
Configuration of the PETS system
The following paragraphs describe the configuration of the PETS system in

an NE that has
STM-4/1 interface(s)
Equipment Timing Source parameter: SETS and PETS.
The configuration of PETS in an NE without STM-4/1 interface(s) is identical
for the PETS part. However, the context suppresses all SETS relevant parameters and functional layers in the dialogue.

The PETS system uses 3 types of timing sources
ESI-PDH timing signal inputs
Internal timing source
This paragraph describes the allocation of the Traffic (timing) sources for the
PETS system. The other timing sources do not require such an allocation.
Select the menu

A dialogue as shown in the previous paragraph pops up.
ABB
Select the tab
Traffic Sources
if not already selected.
Select from the
Unit/SubUnit
combo boxes that belong to the

lines assigned to the Traffic
Sources PDH-1 4.
The combo boxes display all available timing sources for the selected Traffic Source as a list of
<Unit> <Subunit>.
page 41 of 132
1KHW002008
Figure 2-1:
Timing Sources / Traffic Sources sample dialogue

Please note that:

It only is possible to allocate UBUS units (such as the MEGIF)
to the Traffic Sources PDH-1 and 2 but not to the Traffic
Sources PDH-3 and 4!
You can allocate the PBUS units to the Traffic Sources
PDH-1 4.
It is not possible to use the UNIDA and DATA<X> subunits (n x
64 kbit/s etc.) as Traffic Sources!
You must allocate the Units/Subunits that you need for the
PETS and the SETS system to the Traffic Sources PDH-1 and
2 since these sources are available for the SETS and the PETS
system.
It is not recommended to use the SYNAC subunits as PETS
traffic sources!
The dialogue below shows the allocation of the PETS Traffic Sources.
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Figure 2-2:

The allocation of the SDH-1 3 Traffic Sources is part of the configuration

of the SETS system.
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The selection algorithm for PETS requires that each PETS timing source has
Priority
Quality Level QL
This and the following paragraphs describe the allocation of these parameters to the timing sources of the PETS system.
Select the menu
Select the tab
PETS if not already selected.
Figure 2-3:
Timing Sources / PETS sample dialogue

The dialogue displays a line for each timing source of the PETS system. The
lines with the traffic (timing) sources appear only if allocated previously.
With the exception of the Internal source all the timing sources are disabled
(column Priority). It is not possible to disable the internal timing source.
Assign a
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Priority
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to each of the sources:

- Highest priority:
1
- Lowest priority:
7
ABB
It is possible to assign the same

priority to more than one source.
Disable sources that cannot contribute to synchronisation.
Define the
Quality Level
handling for each of the sources:

- QL as received with source
- Assign a QL
For sources providing a QL value
the parameter is normally set to:
Received (= default)
For timing sources that provide no
QL or if you want to fix the QL for a
source assign a QL.
- Highest QL: 1
- Lowest QL:
14.
The use of some of the QL values is standardised (according to

ITU-T G.704 for PETS and ITU-T G.707 for SETS).
The dialogue below shows a sample of fully configured PETS timing sources.
Figure 2-4:
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Timing Sources / PETS sample dialogue

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If you want to use exclusively the selection algorithm Priority Table based,
you do not need to configure the QL part for the traffic sources.
Please note that:
It is not possible to assign 15 as a QL. This is because a QL =
15 means for the system "Do not use" the timing source.
If the SSM function of a unit is not active (e.g. Sa mode = SSI
G.704 for LOMIF), it is not possible to set the QL to "Received".
The MEGIF cannot handle SSM. It is not possible to set the QL
to "Received".
The ESI-1 2/PDH provide parameter ranges as follows:
Priorities: 1 6
QLs:
1 14
Internal/PDH provides parameter ranges as follows:

Priorities: 1 7
QLs:
Selection Algorithm
12, 13 and 14
Select the menu
Select the tab
PETS
Tag the box
Priority Table based in the field Selection Algorithm to

make the PETS selection priority
table based (the selection algorithm disregards the QLs).
or tag the box
Quality Level based to make the PETS selection QL

based (the selection algorithm
considers first the QL and then the
Priority!).
Please note that:

If some timing sources forward their QL as Received and others sources have assigned QLs, make sure that the assigned
QLs do not always prime the received QLs.
If each timing source in a QL based source selection system
has an assigned QL, the selection algorithm corresponds to a
14 level priority scheme.
The definition of the PETS selection algorithm as described above requires
one of the following basic conditions for the NE timing system:
NE with PDH equipment only (no STM-4/1 interfaces)
Equipment Timing Source: SETS and PETS
The PETS systems requires no selection algorithm in the case of the Equipment Timing Source SETS only (PETS locked to SETS) because the SETS
system provides the one and only timing source for the PETS system.
The dialogue below illustrates this fact:
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Figure 2-5:

SETS only (PETS locked to SETS)
The dialogue does not provide the functional layer for PETS (tab PETS) and
the corresponding parameters. However, the functional layers for the ESOPDH (Routing Tables) and the ESO-PDH QL (Squelch Functions) are still
available. It is possible to configure all the parameters of these functional
layers.
The PDH-3 traffic source locks the PETS system to the SETS timing signal .
Clock Extraction
Select the menu
Select the tab
PETS if not already selected.
Tag the box
Low Q
for a wide band clock recovery.

This is the standard setting.
or tag the box
High Q
for narrow band clock recovery.

This setting is used for NEs with
interfaces to ONP networks.
For detailed information on these filters and the clock recovery, refer to
COBUX 212, 213, 219, 223 & COBUV 217, 218, 220, 224 User Guide.
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ESO-PDH
Routing Table
The Routing Table for the ESO-PDH defines whether the output provides its
timing signal depending on the selected timing source.
Select the menu
Select the tab
ESO-PDH
Figure 2-6:
Timing Sources / ESO-PDH sample dialogue

The default value for all ESO-PDH and timing sources is "Can be used".
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Tag the
combo box
in the column allocated to the ESO

and in the line allocated to the timing source for which you want to
change the parameter.
Select
Do not use
in the combo box for the outputs

you want to become inactive in
the case where the corresponding
timing source is selected.
or select
Can be used

you want to remain active in the
case where the corresponding timing source is selected.
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Signal squelch
The Squelch Function for the ESO-PDH QL defines whether the ESO transmits its timing signal or not depending on the QL of the selected timing
source.
Select the menu
Select the tab
ESO-PDH QL
Figure 2-7:
Timing Sources / ESO-PDH QL sample dialogue

The default value for all ESO-PDH QL is "Not squelched".

Tag the
box
in the column allocated to the QL

and in the line allocated to the
ESO for which you want to change
the parameter.
The tagging toggles the setting between timing signal Squelched =
[] and
Not Squelched = [ ].
Press
ABB
[OK]
to apply your new configuration

and quit to the main menu.
[Cancel]
to disregard all the changes of

your configuration and quit to the
main menu.
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Configuration of the SETS system
The following paragraphs describe the configuration of the SETS system in

an NE with STM-4/1 interface(s).
Please note that the SBUS/ABUS sector in which you have configured your first SYNI<X>/SYNUF/SYN4E/ATIOP unit becomes irrevocably the Prime SETS Sector.
If you want to change this allocation, you must delete all the
SYNI<X>/SYNUF/SYN4E/ATIOP units from your configuration
and restart the configuration by configuring the first
SYNI<X>/SYNUF/SYN4E/ATIOP in the SBUS/ABUS sector
that should become the Prime SETS Sector.
You can control the assignment of the Prime SETS Sector under the SETS tab in the Timing Sources dialogue.
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Traffic sources
The SETS system uses 3 types of timing sources
ESI-SDH timing signal input
Internal timing source
This paragraph describes the allocation of the Traffic (timing) sources for the
SETS system. The other timing sources do not require such an allocation.
Select the menu
Select the tab
Traffic Sources

A dialogue that may show no configuration or a configuration for
PETS pops up.
Figure 3-1:

before the configuration of the SDH-<x> sources
The SETS system allows the allocation of Traffic Sources for the sources
SDH-1 3
The SETS system uses these sources exclusively. It is not possible to
use these sources for the PETS system. The only possible sources are
STM-4 and STM-1 interfaces.
PDH-1 and 2
The SETS and the PETS system share these sources. It is possible that
these sources are already allocated to Traffic Sources for the PETS system (configured with the PETS system).
To allocate Traffic Sources
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ABB
select from the
Unit/SubUnit

Sources SDH-1 3.
<Unit> <Subunit>.
and if applicable
Unit/SubUnit

Sources PDH-1 2.
<Unit> <Subunit>.
Figure 3-2:

when configuring the SDH-<x> sources
Remark:
The "SYNAC <6> Termination-2" in the dialogue above is not part of the
SDH-1 timing source selection but is the selected timing source for PDH-2.
Please note that:
It only is possible to allocate UBUS units (such as the MEGIF)
to the Traffic Sources PDH-1 and 2 but not to the Traffic
Sources PDH-3 and 4!
You can allocate the PBUS units to the Traffic Sources PDH-1
4.
It is not possible to use the UNIDA and DATA<X> subunits (n x
64 kbit/s etc.) as Traffic Sources!
You must allocate the Units/Subunits that you need for the
PETS and the SETS system to the Traffic Sources PDH-1 and
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2 since these sources are available for the SETS and the PETS
system.
The dialogue shows the integrity of the SETS system: There is
only 1 SETS system for all the SDH units in the 2 SBUS/ABUS
sectors of the FOX515.
Do not use SYNAC subunits as SETS traffic sources!
The dialogue below shows a typical allocation for the SETS (and PETS)
Traffic Sources.
Figure 3-3:
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The selection algorithm for SETS requires that each SETS timing source has a
Priority
Quality Level QL
This and the following paragraphs describe the allocation of these and other
parameters to the timing sources of the SETS system.
Select the menu
Select the tab
SETS if not already selected.
Figure 3-4:
Timing Sources / SETS sample dialogue

The dialogue displays a line for each timing source of the SETS system. The
lines with the traffic (timing) sources appear only if allocated previously.
The right hand status field at the bottom of the dialogue indicates
which of the 2 SBUS/ABUS sectors is the Prime SETS Sector
(here the left hand sector).
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With the exception of the Internal source all the timing sources are disabled
(column Priority). It is not possible to disable the internal timing source or
to change its priority.
Assign a
Priority
to each of the sources:

- Highest priority:
1
- Lowest priority:
7
It is possible to assign the same
priority to more than one source.
Disable sources that cannot contribute to synchronisation.
Define the
Quality Level
handling for each of the sources:

- QL as received with source
- Assign a QL
For sources providing a QL value
the parameter is normally set to:
Received (= default)
For timing sources that provide no
QL or if you want to fix the QL for a
source assign a QL.
- Highest QL: 1
- Lowest QL:
14.
The use of some of the QL values
is standardised.
Select the
Hold-off Time
for each of the sources:

- Range:
0 60 s
- Default value:
0s
It is not possible to assign a Holdoff Time for Internal.
Select the
WTR Time
for each of the sources:

- Range:
0 720 s
- Default value:
30 s
It is not possible to assign a WTR
Time for Internal.
The dialogue below shows a sample of fully configured SETS timing

sources.
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Figure 3-5:
Timing Sources / SETS sample dialogue

The above given values for the Hold-off and WTR times are proven
values for practical use. The UCST offers these values in the
combo boxes.
The UCST allows you to edit the selected value in the combo box
and select values as follows:
Hold-off time:
n x 100 ms (0, 0.1, 0.2 59.9, 60.0 s)
WTR time: n x 1 s (0, 1, 2 719, 720 s)

These ranges largely include the requirements of the EN 300 4176-1 standard.
If you want to use exclusively the selection algorithm Priority Table based,
you do not need to configure the QL part for the traffic sources.
Please note that:
It is not possible to assign 15 as a QL. This is because a QL =
15 means for the system "Do not use" the timing source.
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If the SSM function of a unit is not active (e.g. no SSM on the

MS layer of the SYNI<X>/ATIOP), it is not possible to set the
QL to "Received".
The MEGIF cannot handle SSM. It is not possible to set the QL
to "Received".
The ESI-1/SDH provides parameter ranges as follows:
Priorities: 1 7
QLs:
1 14
Internal/SDH provides fixed parameters as follows:

Priority: 8
QL:
Selection Algorithm
11
Select the menu
Select the tab
SETS
Tag the box
Priority Table based in the field Selection Algorithm to

make the SETS selection priority
table based (the selection algorithm disregards the QLs).
or tag the box
Quality Level based to make the SETS selection QL

based (the selection algorithm first
considers the QL and then the Priority!).
Please note that:

If some timing sources forward their QL as Received and others sources have assigned QLs, make sure that the assigned
QLs do not always prime the received QLs.
If each timing source in a QL based source selection system
has an assigned QL, the selection algorithm corresponds to a
14 level priority scheme.
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ESO-SDH (Non SETS locked mode)

The configuration of the ESO-SDH parameters depends on the selector
switch that provides a timing signal for the ESO-SDH. The paragraph below
describes the configuration for the ESO-SDH in the Non SETS locked
mode (timing signal via the Select A).
Select the menu
From the field
ESO-SDH
Figure 3-6:
select the parameter non SETS

locked if not already selected.

In this mode, the functional layer ESO-SDH provides the same functions for
the selection of a timing source as the SETS functional layer.
The selection algorithm for the ESO-SDH requires that each timing source
has a
Priority
Quality Level QL
ABB
Select the menu
Select the tab
ESO-SDH
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Figure 3-7:
Timing Sources / ESO-SDH sample dialogue

ESO-SDH non SETS locked
The dialogue displays a line for each timing source of the SETS system. The
lines with the traffic (timing) sources appear only if allocated previously. Internal is not available as a timing source for the ESO-SDH.
For the configuration and parameters, refer to the corresponding paragraphs
for the functional layer SETS.
The dialogue below shows a sample of fully configured SETS timing
sources.
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Figure 3-8:
Selection Algorithm
Timing Sources / ESO-SDH sample dialogue

Select the menu
Select the tab
ESO-SDH
For the configuration and parameters, refer to the corresponding paragraphs

for the SETS functional layer.
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Signal squelch
The Squelch Function for the ESO-SDH QL defines whether the ESO transmits its timing signal depending on the QL of the selected timing source.
Select the menu
Select the tab
ESO-SDH QL
Figure 3-9:
Timing Sources / ESO-SDH QL sample dialogue

The default value for all ESO-SDH QL "Not squelched".

Tag the
box
in the column allocated to the QL

and in the line allocated to the
ESO for which you want to change
the parameter.
The tagging toggles the setting between timing signal Squelched =
[] and
Not Squelched = [ ].
Press
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[OK]

[Cancel]

main menu.
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ESO-SDH (SETS locked mode)

The configuration of the ESO-SDH parameters depends on the selector
switch that provides a timing signal for the ESO-SDH. The paragraph below
describes the configuration for the ESO-SDH in the SETS locked mode
(timing signal via the Select B).
Select the menu
From the field
ESO-SDH
Figure 3-10:
select the parameter SETS locked


In this mode, the functional layer ESO-SDH provides a Routing Table for the
ESO-4/SDH.
ABB
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Routing Table
The Routing Table for the ESO-SDH defines whether the output provides its
timing signal depending on the selected timing source.
Select the menu
Select the tab
ESO-SDH
Figure 3-11:
Timing Sources / ESO-PDH sample dialogue

ESO-SDH SETS locked
The default value for all timing sources of the ESO-4/SDH and is "Can be
used".
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Tag the
combo box
in the line allocated to the timing

source for which you want to
change the parameter.
Select
Do not use

you want to become inactive if
the corresponding timing source is
selected.
or select
Can be used

you want to remain active if the
corresponding timing source is selected.
Press
[OK]

[Cancel]

main menu.
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Signal squelch
The Squelch Function for the ESO-SDH QL defines whether the ESO-4/SDH
transmits its timing signal or not depending on the QL of the selected timing
source.
Select the menu
Select the tab
ESO-SDH QL
The parameters are identical to the parameters of the ESO-SDH in the Non
SETS locked mode. For the configuration and parameters, refer to the corresponding paragraphs for the ESO-SDH in the Non SETS locked mode.
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Routing and mapping tables of units
Application
The routing and mapping tables for traffic signals belong to the unit level.
Since both functions are a part of the overall NE timing system, the following
paragraphs provide some basic information on the configuration of these
functions in the units.
The availability of the routing and mapping tables depends on the unit and
the traffic signal (SSM, SSI, none).
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LOMIF type E12/P12 traffic signal layer

The LOMIF type E12/P12 traffic layer is used in most traffic units with E12
interfaces and/or P12 functionality. This implementation of the E12/P12 traffic layer is generic for the FOX and the corresponding traffic units.
Depending on the P12- and the Sa-mode the LOMIF type E12/P12 traffic
layers provide
SSM, SSI or none
Routing Table
For details on these functions and corresponding parameters, refer to the
corresponding traffic unit descriptions/user guides or LOMIF 158, 152 & LOMI4
159, 151 User Guide.
Select menu
Figure 4-1:
Unit Configuration Parameters

to open the Unit Configuration
Parameters dialogue
LOMIF: Unit Configuration Parameters sample dialogue
Select Sa mode
and configure SSI, SSM G.704 or a NT1 mode.
Press
[ ]
in the column Routing table in the

line allocated to the subunit you
want to configure.
The PDH Routing Table dialogue
pops up.
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Figure 4-2:
E12/P12: PDH Routing Table sample dialogue
The Routing Table allows you to define for each PDH timing source, what
synchronisation information the traffic signal leaving the subunit (2 Mbit/s
traffic signal layer) carries when a particular timing source becomes active.
Accordingly, it is possible to select between 2 states for any of the possible
timing sources:
Do not use
means, that the traffic signal carries information that says that the signal
should not be used for synchronisation purposes. The corresponding parameters are set as follows:
SSI:
SSM:
Sa5 = 0
QLTX = 15
Can be used
means, that the traffic signal carries information that says that the signal
can be used for synchronisation purposes. The corresponding parameters are set as follows:
Press
SSI:
SSM:
Sa5 = 1
QLTX as provided with the NE timing signal
[OK]

and quit to the traffic layer.
[Cancel]

traffic layer.
For more information on the configuration of SSI- and SSM-mode, refer to

the corresponding Unit Descriptions and User Guides.
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MEGIF type E12/P12 traffic signal layer

This implementation of the E12/P12 traffic layer applies only for legacy traffic
units (e.g. MEGIF, TUNOP etc.).
The interfaces of the MEGIF type E12/P12 traffic layer provide
SSI or none
Routing Table
Select menu
Figure 4-3:
Press

Parameters dialogue
MEGIF: Unit Configuration Parameters sample dialogue
[ ]
in the column Routing table in the

want to configure.
The PDH Routing Table dialogue
pops up.
Figure 4-4:
2 Mbit/s: PDH Routing Table sample dialogue
The Routing Table allows you to define for each PDH timing source, what
synchronisation information the traffic signal leaving the subunit (E12/P12
However, it is not possible to alter the synchronisation information in the traffic signals leaving the MEGIF unit for some of the timing sources:
Traffic Sources allocated to the PDH-3 and 4 clock buses
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ESI-2/PDH
For all the other timing sources, you can select between 2 states. Since the
MEGIF provides only the SSI mode, the traffic signal uses the Sa5 bit for information:
Do not use
means that the traffic signal carries information that says that the signal
should not be used for synchronisation purposes:
SSI:
Sa5 = 0
Can be used
can be used for synchronisation purposes:
Press
SSI:
Sa5 = 1
[OK]

[Cancel]

traffic layer.
For more information on the configuration of SSI- and SSM-mode, refer to

the corresponding Unit Descriptions and User Guides.
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STM-4/1 MS traffic layer

The STM-4/1 MS traffic layer is used in traffic units with STM-4/1 interfaces
and is generic for the FOX and the corresponding traffic units.
The STM-4/1 MS functional layer (SYNI<X>/SYNUF/SYN4E/SYNOT and
ATIOP) provides
SSM or none (note that on SYN4E SSM is always enabled)
Routing Table
Input Mapping Table
For details on these functions and corresponding parameters, refer to the
corresponding traffic unit SYNIO 305 User Guide and PHLC3 127 User Guide.
Select menu

Parameters dialogue.
Select the tab
MS
Figure 4-5:
Input Mapping Table
Press
if not already selected. The SSM

Mode is enabled if the corresponding subunit (STM-<X>) is a Traffic
(timing) Source for SETS.
SYNIO: Unit Configuration Parameters / MS

sample dialogue
[ ]
in the column Input Mapping

Table in the line allocated to the
subunit you want to configure.
The Input Mapping Table dialogue pops up.
Figure 4-6:
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STM1-<X>: Input Mapping Table

sample dialogue
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The Input Mapping Table translates the QLTS that the subunit extracts from
the incoming traffic signal to any value QLAdapted. The default translation is a
1:1 translation (QLAdapted = QLTS). The QLAdapted is now valid for the corresponding traffic source.
It is possible to assign any value from 1 15 to any of the QLTS.
Press
[OK]

[Cancel]

traffic layer.
Please note that the configuration of the Input Mapping Table is

rare!
For most applications, the Mapping Table provides a 1:1 QL translation.
Press
[ ]
in the column Outing Mapping

Table in the line allocated to the
subunit you want to configure.
The Output Mapping Table dialogue pops up.
Figure 4-7:
STM-<X>: Output Mapping Table

sample dialogue
The Output Mapping Table translates the QLOut of the SETS timing signal to
any new value QLAdapted. The default translation is a 1:1 translation (QLAdapted
= QLOut). The QLAdapted is now valid for the SETS timing signal.
It is possible to assign any value from 1 15 to any of the QLOut.
Press
[OK]

[Cancel]

traffic layer.
Please note that the configuration of the Output Mapping Table is

rare!
For most applications, the Mapping Table provides a 1:1 QL translation.
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Routing Table
Press
[ ]
in the column Routing Table in the

want to configure.
The SDH Routing Table dialogue
pops up.
Figure 4-8:
STM1-<X>: SDH Routing Table

sample dialogue
The Routing Table allows you to define for each SDH timing source, what
synchronisation information the traffic signal leaving the subunit (STM-1 MS
Accordingly, it is possible to select between 2 states for any of the possible
timing sources:
Do not use
should not be used for synchronisation purposes:
SSM:
QLTX = 15
Can be used
can be used for synchronisation purposes:
Press
SSM:
QLTX as provided with the NE timing signal

[OK]

[Cancel]

traffic layer.
For more information on the configuration of units with STM-4/1 traffic interface units, refer to the corresponding Unit Descriptions and User Guides.
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Status/Maintenance of the NE timing system
Status/Maintenance of the
NE timing system
Generic description
The UCST provides diagnostic functions that allow you to read the status of
the timing sources and of the NE timing system. For maintenance purposes,
it is possible to manually override the automatic selections.
The main purpose of these maintenance functions is to dynamically
test/debug the NE synchronisation system and if applicable to monitor the
influence on the network synchronisation.
To access these functions
select the menu
NE Configuration Timing Sources Status .
To use the diagnostic functions the UCST requires management

communication with the NE!
If the communication path is not yet available the UCST requests
you to connect the EM to the NE.
For more information on the management communication, refer to
the corresponding chapters in UCST / System Operation Basics
User Guide.
The Timing Sources Status dialogue provides functional layers for the
PETS, SETS, ESO-SDH (Non SETS locked mode) system.
The dialogues are generic for all 3 functional layers. However, the availability of some functions and parameters depends on the corresponding
functional layer (tab PETS, SETS and ESO-SDH).
additionally the SETS Protection tab for NEs with SETS equipment protection.
The Timing Sources Status dialogue comes automatically with this tab if
the NE has SETS equipment protection.
The SETS Protection layer is different from the PETS, SETS and
ESO-SDH layers.
The paragraphs under "SETS protection layer" at the end of this
chapter describe the corresponding dialogue and functions.
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The dialogue below illustrates the structure and parameters of the diagnostic
menu with an example of the status dialogue for the SETS layer (examples
shown with the SETS Protection tab).
Figure 5-1:
Timing Sources Status / SETS sample dialogue
The Timing Status dialogues provide 2 types of data: Timing system configuration data and status information.
Configuration data (static information)
The UCST reads the corresponding values back from the Timing Sources
configuration data:
Source identification
Priority of the timing sources
Selection Algorithm for clock extraction
Status data (dynamic information)

The UCST reads the values from the NE (management communication!):
QLs (Quality levels) of the timing sources
Status of the timing sources and maintenance functions
Selected Source
Output Status (ESO-<X>)
etc.
The dialogues group this data and display the corresponding parameters as
follows (overview):
Timing Sources and associated parameters (in columns)
Source
Source provides the identification of the timing source. The names
correspond to the allocated timing sources of the PETS, SETS or
ESO-SDH layer.
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Priority
Priority displays the priority of the allocated timing source.
QL
QL reflects the value QLIn of the allocated timing source.
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Status
Status describes the disposability of the allocated timing source.
The possible reported states depend on the functional layer.
Command
Command provides a field that has a double function:
You can force the selected timing source to change its (system)
state for maintenance purposes.
It provides information on the forced status of the timing source.
These manual commands override the automatic selection. They
however are not configuration data and thus not stored in the MIB database.
The commands available depend on the selected functional layer.
Source selected
The field displays the presently selected timing source for the functional
layer.
Miscellaneous control and monitor functions
The bottom part of the Timing Source Status dialogue gives room to 4
fields. Corresponding fields of the functional layers always take the same
position in the dialogue. The availability of the fields depends on the selected functional layer. The 4 fields provide functions as follows (left to
right):
Selection Algorithm
This field indicates the configured Selection Algorithm for the timing
sources of the selected functional layer:
Priority Table based
Quality Level based
This field is available with all the PETS, SETS and ESO-SDH layers.
Clock Operation Type

This field allows you to force the Clock Operation Mode for the SETS
and PETS system:
Auto selection
Forced free-run
Forced holdover (SETS only)
This field is not available with the ESO-SDH layer.
Clock Operation Mode

This field monitors the present operation mode of the SETS system:
Locked
Free-running
Holdover
This field is not available with the PETS and the ESO-SDH layers.
Output Status (not shown in the sample dialogue above)

This field monitors the status of the timing signals at the ESO for the
PETS and the ESO-SDH systems:
Active
Squelched
This field is not available with the SETS layer.
ABB
page 77 of 132
1KHW002008
The UCST adapts the layers of the Timing Sources Status dialogue to the
configuration of the NE and the timing system. Thus, it is possible that the
Timing Sources Status dialogue provides at that time the functional layers
for
1
PETS, SETS, ESO-SDH
SETS and PETS

PETS, SETS
SETS and PETS

SETS, ESO-SDH
SETS only: PETS locked to SETS

SETS

PETS
No STM-4/1 interfaces
For timing systems with the SETS layer but no ESO-SDH layer (ESO-SDH:
SETS locked, cases 2 and 4 above) the SETS layer provides the ESO-SDH
monitor.
Refer to the paragraphs below for detailed information on the functions and
parameters of the Timing Sources Status menu.
1KHW002008
page 78 of 132
ABB
PETS layer
Select the menu
NE Configuration Timing Sources Status.
Select the tab
PETS
for the PDH timing system.
Press
[Get]
to update the parameters of the

dialogue.
Figure 5-2:
Timing Sources Status / PETS sample dialogue
The PETS layer provides the following commands and status monitors for
the allocated timing sources:
Priority (column Priority):
Priority displays the configured priority of the allocated timing source.
Parameter range: 1 7
QL (column QL):
QL reflects the value QLIn at the input of Select P of the allocated timing
source.
States (column Status):
- Available
Timing source and timing signal

are available.
Failed

are not available (= signal is not
usable for synchronisation purposes).
Not Supervised
Configured timing source that is

disabled ("Priority" = "Disabled").
Commands (Command column):

The commands override the automatic selection of timing sources:
ABB
page 79 of 132
1KHW002008
Forced switch
forces the selection algorithm to

synchronise the PETS system to
this source.
If the source is not available (=
failed) Internal is selected.
Set lock out

disregard this timing source for the
selection of a timing source.
Release
removes any existing forced"

state.
After selection, the UCST confirms the acceptance of the command in

the field as
<Command> (Done)
The UCST always issues this confirmation independently of whether the
command is active in the NE (for rules, refer to notes below). To confirm
the real state read the status back from the NE via a Get command.
Commands Status (Command column):
The [Get]-function allows you to refresh the status information in the Timing Sources Status dialogue. The Command column displays "forced"
states for the corresponding timing source as follows:
-
Forced switch active
indicates that a maintenance

command forces the PETS system
to synchronise to the corresponding timing source.
Locked out
indicates that a maintenance

command disqualifies the corresponding timing source for the
PETS system.
Please note that:

The PETS layer allows you to apply one command (e.g. the
Lock out command) to one timing source at a time. This means
practically:
It is not possible to have more than 1 timing source of the
PETS system with a "forced" state.
If you force a state for a new source while some other
source is already in a "forced" state, the latter is released
and the last selected source now enters a "forced" state.
The Release command removes any forced" state independently of the timing source for which you apply the command.
The PETS layer provides the following commands and monitor functions for
synchronisation and the ESO interfaces:
1KHW002008
page 80 of 132
ABB
Clock Operation Type:

- Auto selection
Forced free-run
allows the PETS system to use the

configured Selection Algorithm to
select the timing source for synchronisation.
forces the PETS system to synchronise to the internal PDH timing
source.
Output Status (ESO-1 3/PDH):

The Output Status monitors the states of the ESO-PDH as follows:
-
ESO-<X> Active
indicates that the corresponding

output can provide its timing signal.
ESO-<X> Squelched
indicates that the corresponding

output cannot provide its timing
signal. The signal is squelched
due to the
- ESO Routing Table
- ESO Squelch function.
The [Get]-function allows you to refresh the display of the timing system
status. You select the ESO-<X> via the scroll bars to the right of the display.
The application of "forced" states (sources, selection) generates
the COBU<X> alarm:
Board
Use of PETS diagnostic

functions and examples
Sync. maintenance function active
The following examples illustrate the use and possibilities of the Timing
Sources Status menu.
Please note that:
The examples are for demonstration of the diagnostic functions
only!
The configurations shown do not claim to be examples for the
implementation of the NE timing system.
It is not recommended to use SYNAC subunits as a timing
source for the PETS system.
Consider the special cases of QL processing and timing source
selection as described in the paragraphs "SSI/SSM processing
and selection algorithms".
ABB
page 81 of 132
1KHW002008
Figure 5-3:
PETS maintenance sample
The example illustrates the behaviour for the Priority Table based Selection
Algorithm. The states and (for the example) relevant parameters of the
PETS system are:
Sources
Failed:
None
Command Status: None
Source selected:
SYNAC <6> Termination-2
Auto selection
Output Status:
ESO-1:
ESO-2:
ESO-3:
Active
Squelched
Active
The "Not Supervised" state in the status column indicates a configured timing source that is disabled ("Priority" = "Disabled" in the
Timing Sources dialogue).
1KHW002008
page 82 of 132
ABB
Lock out a source
Lock out source
SYNAC <6> Termination-2
Press
[Get]
Figure 5-4:
The state and relevant parameters of the PETS system are now:
Sources
Failed:
Command Status:
None
SYNAC <6> Termination-2 Locked out
Source selected:
LOMIF <1> 2Mbit/s-4 yourLabelSub-4
Auto selection
Output Status:
ESO-1:
ESO-2:
ESO-3:
Active
Active
Squelched
The Output Status changes due to the selected source (Routing Table) and
to the QL (QL Squelch) of the new source.
Force switch
ABB
For some reason the source LOMIF <1> 2Mbit/s-4 fails.

Force switch
LOMIF <1> 2Mbit/s-4
Press
[Get]
page 83 of 132
1KHW002008
Figure 5-5:
The state and relevant parameters of the PETS system are now:
Sources
Failed:
Command Status:
LOMIF <1> 2 Mbit/s-4 (QL = 15!)

LOMIF <1> 2 Mbit/s-4 Forced switch active
Source selected:
Internal
Auto selection
Output Status:
ESO-1:
ESO-2:
ESO-3:
Squelched
Squelched
Squelched
The command forces the synchronisation to LOMIF <1> 2 Mbit/s-4 which is

apparently not available (Failed). The PETS system synchronises to Internal.
Of course it is possible to switch to any available timing source.
Leaving the NE with "forced" states might create failures of synchronisation.
"Forced" states persist until you remove them!
1KHW002008
Select the tab
SETS or ESO-SDH
to access the maintenance functions for the corresponding layer.
Press
[Close]
to close Timing Sources Status

page 84 of 132
ABB
SETS layer
All the SETS status and diagnostic functions are for the logical
SETS system which is physically the SETS system in the Prime
SETS Sector.
Select the menu
Select the tab
SETS
for the SDH timing system.
Press
[Get]

dialogue.
Depending on the operation mode of the ESO-SDH, the SETS layer provides the field for Output Status parameters (ESO-4):
The SETS Status dialogue has no Output Status indication for
1
PETS, SETS, ESO-SDH
SETS and PETS

SETS, ESO-SDH

Figure 5-6:
Timing Sources Status / SETS

ESO-SDH Non SETS locked sample dialogue
The SETS Status dialogue has an Output Status indication for
ABB
PETS, SETS
SETS and PETS

SETS

page 85 of 132
1KHW002008
Figure 5-7:
Timing Sources Status / SETS

ESO-SDH SETS locked sample dialogue
The SETS layer provides the following commands and status monitors for
the allocated timing sources:
Parameter range: 1 7, 8 for Internal
QL (column QL):
QL reflects the value QLIn at the input of the Select B of the allocated timing source.
- Not Supervised
Available
is the state information for disabled

inputs of the SDH timing system (=
no source allocated).
are available.
The source enters this state after
the elapse of the WTR time.
Holdoff
is indicated for the source after the

source failed (after a short time or
permanently) and while its Holdoff
time is running.
Failed

The source enters this state after a
permanent failure and the expiry of
the Holdoff time.
1KHW002008
page 86 of 132
ABB
WTR (Wait To Restore)
is indicated for the source if the

source is available again after a
(permanent) failure and while its
WTR time is running.

-
Forced switch

synchronise the SETS system to
this source.
failed) Internal is selected.
Manual switch

synchronise the SETS system to
this source.
However, the switch request is
only honoured if the (for the switch
command) selected source is
available. A source is not available
if its state is:
- Failed
- WTR
- Forced switch active
etc.
Clear switch
releases Forced switch active for

the selected timing source.
Set lockout

Clear lockout
releases Locked out for the selected timing source. The source
becomes selectable again.
Clear WTR
clears the WTR state for the selected timing source. The source
becomes available.

the field as
<Command> (Done)
status. The Command column displays a "forced" status for the corresponding timing source as follows:
-
ABB
page 87 of 132
indicates that a diagnostics command forces the SETS system to

synchronise to the corresponding
timing source.
1KHW002008
Manual switch active
indicates that a diagnostics command forces the SETS system to

synchronise to the corresponding
timing source.
Locked out
indicates that a diagnostic command disqualifies the corresponding timing source for the SETS
system.
Please note that:

The SETS layer allows you to apply the Set lockout command
to several sources at a time.
It is only possible to have Forced switch active for 1 timing
source at a time. If you apply a Forced switch to a new source,
the UCST clears the Forced switch active state for the other
source.
It is not possible to override a Locked out source with a switch
command (Although confirmed with "Forced/Manual Switch
done", [GET] provides the current state Locked out). However,
it is possible to lock out a source with a Forced switch active
state.
It is only possible to apply a Manual switch command if you
remove a pending Forced switch active previously.
The Clear commands remove the corresponding "forced" state
only from the timing source for which you apply the command.
The SETS layer provides the following commands and monitor functions for
the synchronisation system:
- Auto selection
allows the SETS system to use the

configured Selection Algorithm to
select the timing source for synchronisation.
Forced free-run
forces the SETS system to synchronise to Internal.
Forced holdover
forces the SETS system to enter

the holdover state. The SETS system synchronises to Internal.
Internal provides a clock frequency
that corresponds closely to the
clock frequency that the selected
source provided at the time of the
forced holdover.
Clock Operation Mode:

- Locked
1KHW002008
Free-running
page 88 of 132
indicates that the SETS system is

synchronised (= locked) to the selected timing source.
indicates that the SETS system
has no timing source and synchronises to Internal.
ABB
Holdover
indicates that the SETS system is

in the Holdover state and synchronises to Internal.
Internal provides a clock frequency
that corresponds exactly to the
clock frequency that the selected
source provided at the time of the
(forced) holdover.
ESO-SDH SETS locked only Output Status (ESO-4):

The Output Status monitors the state of the ESO-SDH as follows:
-
ESO-4 Active
indicates that the ESO-4 interface

can provide its timing signal.
ESO-4 Squelched

cannot provide its timing signal.
The signal is squelched due to the
status.
The application of "forced" states (sources, selection) generate the
COBU<X> alarm:
Board
ABB
page 89 of 132
1KHW002008
Use of SETS Timing Sources The following examples illustrate the use and possibilities of the SETS status
menu.
Status and examples
Please note that:
only!
Do not use SYNAC subunits as a timing source for the SETS
system.
Figure 5-8:
SETS maintenance sample
After any command (especially the Holdover command), allow the

system to synchronise before you press [Get]. This may last a couple of seconds.
The example illustrates the behaviour for the Priority Table based Selection
Algorithm. The states and relevant parameters of the SETS system are:
Sources
Failed:
Holdoff:
WTR:
Command Status:
None
None
None
SYNIF <4> STM1: Locked out
Source selected:
ESI-1
Auto selection
Locked
All the Holdoff and WTR times are 60 s.
1KHW002008
page 90 of 132
ABB
Holdoff, WTR and Holdover
The source ESI-1 fails.

To illustrate the Holdover process and the Holdoff and WTR times, refer to
the dialogues below.
Press
Figure 5-9:
[Get]
The state and relevant parameters of the SETS system are now:
Sources
Failed:
Holdoff:
WTR:
Command Status:
None
ESI-1 (QL = 3)
None
Source selected:
ESI-1
Auto selection
Holdover
The SETS system immediately switches to Holdover as a Clock Operation

Mode. The SETS system keeps this mode (with the old ESI-1 QL = 3) until
the Holdoff time for the ESI-1 source (= Holdoff status) expires.
Read the Timing Sources Status again after the expiry of the Holdoff time:
Press
ABB
[Get]
page 91 of 132
1KHW002008
Figure 5-10:
Sources
Failed:
Holdoff:
WTR:
Command Status:
ESI-1 (QL = 15)

None
None
Source selected:
SYNIF <2> STM1
Auto selection
Locked
The selection algorithm selects SYNIF <2> STM1 as the new timing source
since SYNIF <4> STM1 is Locked out and not available for selection.
The ESO-1 source becomes available again.
Press
1KHW002008
[Get]
page 92 of 132
ABB
Figure 5-11:
Sources
Failed:
Holdoff:
WTR:
Command Status:
None
None
WTR (QL = 15)
Source selected:
SYNIF <2> STM1
Auto selection
Locked
Until the WTR time of the now available ESI-1 source expires (= WTR
status), the SETS system continues to synchronise to SYNIF <2> STM1.
Via the Clear WTR command, it is possible to cut the WTR period and force
the synchronisation back to the ESI-1 source:
Select
ABB
Clear WTR
page 93 of 132
command for the ESI-1 timing

source (no [Get] this time!).
1KHW002008
Figure 5-12:
After the Clear WTR command or the expiry of the WTR time, the SETS
timing system is back again to its initial state.
Press
Figure 5-13:
[Get]
The states and relevant parameters of the SETS system are:

Sources
Failed:
Holdoff:
WTR:
Command Status:
1KHW002008
page 94 of 132
None
None
None
ABB
Manual and forced switches
Source selected:
ESI-1
Auto selection
Locked
The ESI-1 has failed.

Read the Timing Sources Status again after the expiry of the Holdoff time:
Press
Figure 5-14:
[Get]
Sources
Failed:
Holdoff:
WTR:
Command Status:
ESI-1 (QL = 15)

None
None
Source selected:
SYNIF <2> STM1
Auto selection
Locked
Select
ABB
Manual switch
page 95 of 132
for the ESI-1 timing source (no

[Get] this time!).
1KHW002008
Figure 5-15:
Press
Figure 5-16:
[Get]
The state and relevant parameters of the SETS system are the same as before! There is no change of the timing system and source selection.
The UCST cannot honour the Manual switch request since the timing source
involved has failed.
1KHW002008
Select
Force switch
Press
[Get]
page 96 of 132
for the ESI-1 timing source.
ABB
Figure 5-17:
Sources
Failed:
Holdoff:
WTR:
Command Status:
ESI-1 (QL= 15)

None
None
ESI-1:
Source selected:
Internal
Auto selection
Holdover
The command forces the SETS system to synchronise to ESI-1 although this
source is not available. The SETS system synchronises to Internal and the
Clock Operation Mode becomes Holdover.
ABB
page 97 of 132
1KHW002008
Clock Operation Types
If a selected source fails all the synchronisation recovery attempts create the
Clock Operation Modes Holdover or Locked. The UCST provides commands to allow you to change the Clock Operation Modes and also select
the mode Free-running.
The dialogue below shows the initial state of the SETS system:
Figure 5-18:
The state and relevant parameters of the SETS system are:
1KHW002008
Sources
Failed:
Holdoff:
WTR:
Command Status:
None
None
None
Source selected:
ESI-1
Auto selection
Locked
Select
Forced free-run
Press
[Get]
page 98 of 132
for Clock Operation Mode to disable the selection algorithm.
ABB
Figure 5-19:
Sources
Failed:
Holdoff:
WTR:
Command Status:
None
None
None
Source selected:
ESI-1
Forced free-run
Free-running
The SETS system synchronises now to Internal (frequency f0). The ESI-1
remains the pre-selected timing source.
If the ESI-1 source fails, the source enters the Holdoff state. After the expiry
of the Holdoff time, the selection algorithm pre-selects the source SYNIF
<2> STM1.
Press
ABB
[Get]
page 99 of 132
1KHW002008
Figure 5-20:
The Clock Operation Mode remains Free-running and the SETS system
synchronises to Internal.
Select
Auto selection
Press
[Get]
Figure 5-21:
for Clock Operation Mode to reenable the automatic selection algorithm.
Sources
Failed:
Holdoff:
WTR:
Command Status:
1KHW002008
ESI-1 (QL = 15)

None
None
page 100 of 132
ABB
Source selected:
SYNIF <2> STM1
Auto selection
Locked
The SETS system synchronises to the pre-selected timing source and the
Clock Operation Mode is now Locked.
It is also possible to force the SETS system to Holdover.
Select
Forced holdover
Press
[Get]
for Clock operation Mode to disable the selection algorithm and

enter Holdover.
After the Holdover command, allow the holdover circuit to synchronise before you press [Get]. This may last a couple of seconds.
Figure 5-22:
Sources
Failed:
Holdoff:
WTR:
Command Status:
ESI-1 (QL = 15)

None
None
Source selected:
SYNIF <2> STM1
Forced holdover
Holdover
The SETS system is now in Holdover with the frozen frequency of the
SYNIF <2> STM1 timing source (and its QL).
ABB
page 101 of 132
1KHW002008
If the ESI-1 source becomes available again, the SETS system pre-selects
the ESI-1 only after the expiry of the WTR. You can use the command Clear
WTR to clear the WTR time or wait until the WTR time expires.
If you use the Forced switch (Manual switch is not possible) command during the WTR time, the SETS system pre-selects Internal until the WTR time
expires:
Select
Forced switch
to force the selection of the ESI-1.
Press
[Get]
while the WTR time runs.
Figure 5-23:
Sources
Failed:
Holdoff:
WTR:
Command Status:
None
None
ESI-1
ESI-1:
Source selected:
Internal
Forced holdover
Holdover
During the WTR time Internal is pre-selected since the ESI-1 is not yet available (WTR state). After the WTR time expires the SETS system pre-selects
the ESI-1.
Press
1KHW002008
[Get]
page 102 of 132
ABB
Figure 5-24:
Since the Clock Operation Type was Holdover during the whole
selection process, the holdover circuit still freezes the frequency of
SYNIF <2> STM1.
Select
Auto selection
as Clock Operation Type to reenable the automatic selection algorithm.

The switch command still overrides the selection (although here
both create the same selection).
Press
Figure 5-25:
[Get]
The SETS system is now Locked again to the ESI-1 source.
ABB
page 103 of 132
1KHW002008
Leaving the NE with forced synchronisation conditions might create failures of synchronisation.
"Forced" states persist until you remove them or the NE has a
power reset!
1KHW002008
Select the tab
PETS or ESO-SDH
Press
[Close]

page 104 of 132
ABB
ESO-SDH layer
This layer is not available if the ESO-SDH is locked to SETS!

The ESO-SDH requires the mode Non SETS locked.
Select the menu
Select the tab
ESO-SDH
for the ESO-SDH timing system.
Press
[Get]

dialogue.
Figure 5-26:
Timing Sources Status / ESO-SDH

SETS locked sample dialogue
The ESO-SDH layer provides the following commands and status monitors
for the allocated timing sources:
QL (column QL):
QL reflects the value QLIn at the input of the Select A of the allocated timing source.
- Not Supervised
ABB
Available
page 105 of 132
is the state information for disabled

inputs of the ESO-SDH timing system (= no source allocated).
are available.
1KHW002008
The source enters this state after

the elapse of the WTR time.
-
Holdoff
is indicated for the source after the

source failed (after a short time or
permanently) and while its Holdoff
time is running.
Failed

The source enters this state after a
permanent failure and the expiry of
the Holdoff time.
WTR (Wait To Restore)
is indicated for the source if the

source is available again after a
(permanent) failure and while its
WTR time is running.

-
Forced switch

synchronise the ESO-SDH timing
to this source.
failed) ESO-SDH is squelched.
Manual switch

synchronise the ESO-SDH timing
to this source.
However, the switch request is
only honoured if the (for the switch
command) selected source is
available. A source is not available
if its state is:
- Failed
- WTR etc.
Clear switch
releases Forced switch active for

the selected timing source.
Set lockout

Clear lockout
releases Locked out for the selected timing source. The source
again becomes selectable.
Clear WTR
clears the WTR state for the selected timing source. The source
becomes available.

the field as
<Command> (Done)
1KHW002008
page 106 of 132
ABB

status. The Command column displays a "forced" status for the corresponding timing source as follows:
-
indicates that a diagnostics command forces the ESO-SDH timing

Manual switch active
indicates that a diagnostics command forces the ESO-SDH timing

Locked out
indicates that a diagnostic command disqualifies the corresponding timing source for the ESO-SDH
timing.
Please note that:

The ESO-SDH layer allows you to apply the Set lockout command to several sources at a time.
It is only possible to have Forced switch active for 1 timing
source at a time. If you apply a Forced switch to a new source,
the UCST clears the Forced switch active state for the other
source.
It is not possible to override a Locked out source with a switch
command. However, it is possible to lock out a source with a
Forced switch active state.
The Clear commands remove the corresponding "forced" state
only from the timing source for which you apply the command.
The ESO-SDH layer provides the following monitor functions for the synchronisation system:
ESO-SDH SETS locked only Output Status (ESO-4):
The Output Status monitors the state of the ESO-SDH as follows:
-
ESO-4 Active

can provide its timing signal.
ESO-4 Squelched

cannot provide its timing signal.
The signal is squelched due to the
status.
The application of "forced" states (sources, selection) generates
the COBU<X> alarm:
Board
ABB
page 107 of 132
1KHW002008
Use of ESO-SDH Timing

Sources Status and examples
The ESO-SDH provides a subset of the diagnostic functions that the SETS
layer provides. The ESO-SDH has no Clock Operation Type and Mode functions.
The following examples illustrate some particularities of the ESO-SDH status
menu. The example illustrates the behaviour for the Priority Table based Selection Algorithm.
Please note that:
only!
Do not use SYNAC subunits as a timing source for the SETS
system.
Some of the timing sources of the ESO-SDH system might fail:
Press
Figure 5-27:
[Get]
to update the state.
ESO-SDH maintenance sample
The states and relevant parameters of the ESO-SDH system are:
1KHW002008
Sources
Failed:
Holdoff:
Not supervised:
Command Status:
None
SYNIF <2, 4>, SYNIO <15>, SYNAC <6>
ESI-1
None
Source selected:
SYNIF <4> STM1
Output Status:
ESO-4:
Active
page 108 of 132
ABB
After failure, the failed timing sources are in the Holdoff state. The ESO-SDH
still synchronises to SYNIF <4> STM1.
The block diagram of the synchronisation system shows that the Select A for
the ESO-SDH has no access to Internal and has no Holdover circuit. Therefore, the ESO-SDH system disposes of no recovery process during the
Holdoff time.
The ESO-4/SDH interface is not able to provide a timing signal
during Holdoff time.
After the expiry of the Holdoff time, the system reports the timing sources as
Failed and the selection algorithm can switch to the only remaining timing
source.
Press
Figure 5-28:
[Get]
ABB
Sources
Failed:
Holdoff:
Not supervised:
Command Status:

None
ESI-1
None
Source selected:
MEGIF <10> 2Mbit/s-2
Output Status:
ESO-4:
Active
Select
Lock out
Press
[Get]
page 109 of 132
for the source MEGIF <10>

2Mbit/s-2
1KHW002008
Figure 5-29:

Sources
Failed:
Holdoff:
Not supervised:
Command Status:

None
ESI-1
MEGIF <10> 2Mbit/s-2:
Locked out
Source selected:
None
Output Status:
ESO-4:
Squelched
The ESO-SDH system now has no timing source for synchronisation!

The same Source Selected (None) results if you force the ESO-SDH system
to switch to ESI-1 (disabled) or one of the failed timing sources.
Leaving the NE with forced synchronisation conditions might create failures of synchronisation.
"forced" states persist until you remove them!
1KHW002008
Select the tab
PETS or SETS
Press
[Close]

page 110 of 132
ABB
SETS Protection layer

Please note:
This layer is only available if the UCST recognises a configuration with SETS equipment protection in the Prime SETS Sector!
There is no status and diagnostic possible for SETS equipment
protection in the Agent SETS Sector.
Select the menu
Select the tab
SETS-Protection
to access the maintenance and

status control for SETS equipment
protection.
Press
[Get]
to update the parameters in the

dialogue.
Figure 5-30:
Timing Sources Status / SETS Protection

sample dialogue
The dialogue SETS Protection provides the following commands and status
monitors:
Status (Status field):
- Active SETS
-
Get
loads state information of the currently active SETS circuit to the

dialogue.
Control (Control field):

- Switch Working <-> Protecting
ABB
informs on the unit with the currently active SETS circuit.
page 111 of 132
allows you to manually force a

switchover from the now active
SETS system to the protecting circuit.
1KHW002008
After switchover, the command button becomes shaded grey until you
press the GET button again.
The SETS circuit switchover does not generate an alarm but creates an entry in the logbook:
SYNI<X> <n> Board SETS protection switch: Active
You have to read the message as
"The SETS circuit of the SYNI<X> <n> unit became active".
Use of SETS Protection and SETS equipment protection is an internal process of the NE with (almost) no
interaction to the outside world. The example of a NE logbook illustrates
examples
typical sequences for manually and system triggered switchovers.
The description of the events and the logbook contents below rely on the following simple configuration of the SETS timing system:
Figure 5-31:
Timing Sources Status / SETS sample dialogue
The example below shows the main steps of the SETS protection switching
process as it is recorded in the FOX logbook.
To keep the logbook short and expressive, the following artificial
measures were taken:
Simple configuration for SETS with few sources:
SYNIF <2>, SYNIF <4> and ESI-1 as SETS timing sources.
ESO-SDH: all timing sources are disabled.
The FOX515 uses both SBUS/ABUS sectors. The SETS
protection sequence is for the Prime SETS Sector with the 2
SYNIF units.
The event monitoring in all alarm configuration layers but the
board layers of the affected traffic units are set to NMON.
1KHW002008
page 112 of 132
ABB
This prevents the FOX from monitoring the traffic signals for
failures and flooding the logbook with data (the failure of the
SETS function is created via a complete failure of the SYNIF).
Real FOX applications show a lot more events in their logbooks if
the SETS protection becomes active. However, the SETS protection related events correspond to the events shown in the example
below.
Figure 5-32:
NE Logbook reporting samples of SETS switching
D
C
B
A
The logbook allows you to monitor the following states and events (refer to
letters in the figure above):
A
The events recorded during phase A are of no importance here.
The logbook reports a switchover of the active SETS function from the
SYNIF <2> to the SYNIF <4>. It becomes not directly visible that the
switchover results from a manual switchover.
This event is recorded in the logbook as follows:
Unit/SubUnit
Event Description
SYNIF <4>
SYNIF Board
SETS protection switch: Active
State
The SETS circuit of the SYNIF <4>

becomes active.
Please note that the protection switching does not create alarms!
ABB
page 113 of 132
1KHW002008
The SYNIF <4> and with it the local SETS circuit fails (here the unit is
removed from the subrack). This triggers an unconditional switchover
of the active SETS function from the SYNIF <4> to the SYNIF <2>
and creates the following sequence of entries in the logbook:
Unit/SubUnit
Event Description
SYNIF <2>
SYNIF Board
SETS protection switch: Active
State
The SETS circuit of the SYNIF <2>

becomes instantly active after the
failure of the SYNIF <4> SETS circuit.
SYNIF <4>
SYNIF Board
Unit Not Available
On
The SYNIF <4> has completely failed

(SYNIF <4> is removed).
SYNIF <2>
SYNIF Board / Clock Source
SDH-2
Loss of Signal
On
The SYNIF <2> reports the loss of

the timing signal from the SYNIF <4>
(assigned to SDH-2).
Please note that the protection switching does not create alarms.
However, the failed unit and the loss of the Clock Source SDH-2 (provided by the SYNIF <4>) generate alarms.
D
The SYNIF <4> starts up and becomes available again (here the unit
is re-inserted into the subrack). This starts the reconfiguration of the
unit. The corresponding entries in the logbook are:
Unit/SubUnit
Event Description
SYNIF <4>
SYNIF Board
Unit SW installed
State
To power-up the SYNIF <4> the

COBU<X> must re-install the SYNIF
ESW.
SYNIF <2>
SYNIF Board
Unit Not Available
Off
The SYNIF <4> is now operating and

ready (the state reports the alarm
turned off!).
1KHW002008
page 114 of 132
ABB
The logbook reflects the start up of the SETS circuit of the SYNIF <4>
until it is resynchronised and available for SETS protection again.
Please note that the SETS circuit of the SYNIF <4> performs a powerup!
The corresponding entries in the logbook are:
Unit/SubUnit
Event Description
State
SYNIF <4>
Board / SETS
PLL Out of Lock
On
The NE starts a timeout for the

SETS function of the SYNIF <4>
to allow the local SETS system to
stabilise and synchronise.
The timeout expires after ca. 60
seconds.
SYNIF <4>
Loss of Signal
SYNIF Board / Clock Source SDH-2
On
The timing signal from its own

STM-1 port (SYNIF <4>) is not yet
available (the IF is not yet up).
SYNIF <4>
SYNIF / SETS
Source Not Primary
On
After the power-up, the local

SETS circuit of the SYNIF <4> is
free running and thus not synchronised according to the configuration. The configuration requires with the highest priority
synchronisation to ESI-1.
SYNIF <4>
SYNIF Board
SETS synchronisation source

switch
The local SETS circuit of the
SYNIF <4> selects a new timing
source.
SYNIF <4>
SYNIF Board / SETS
Source Not Primary
Off
The local SETS circuit of the

SYNIF <4> now synchronises to
the timing signal of ESI-1 (highest
priority).
SYNIF <2>
Loss of Signal
Off
The STM-1 IF of the SYNIF <4> is

up and the timing signal from the
IF is available. The SYNIF <2>
now has the timing signal from the
SYNIF <4> (assigned to SDH-2).
SYNIF <4>
Loss of Signal
Off
The SYNIF <4> now has the

timing signal from its own STM-1
IF (assigned to SDH-2).
ABB
page 115 of 132
1KHW002008
Unit/SubUnit
Event Description
State
SYNIF <4>
SYNIF Board / SETS
PLL Out of Lock
Off
The timeout for the SETS function

of the SYNIF <4> has expired.
The local SETS function of the
SYNIF <4> is now available.
Please note that:

During phase C it is not possible to manually switch back the
SETS function to the unit <4>.
The UCST issues only a Layer 7 error!
During and after phase E the SETS function of the SYNIF <2>
is still active and provides SETS for the NE!
Thus, the SETS protection switching is non revertive.
The FOX515 uses both SBUS/ABUS sectors. The SETS protection sequence is for the Prime SETS Sector with the 2
SYNIF units.
The logbook shows no event for the Agent SETS sector (with a
SYNIO unit). This is normal, since the inter-sector SETS signal
for the Agent SETS Sector is always available. Thus the synchronisation of the Agent SETS Sector is not affected.
1KHW002008
Select the tab
PETS or SETS
Press
[Close]

page 116 of 132
ABB
Alarms & Notifications

Alarms
Depending on the unit, the Board layer provides some timing system related
alarms for configuration.
For details, refer to the corresponding unit user guides.
Notifications
The units with SETS issue the following notifications on the Board layer for
the NE logbook:
Figure 5-33:
Board layer
Notification
Localisation
<Unit> <s> <Sub>
Description
Notification text
SEC synchronisation source
switch
ESO synchronisation source
switch
ESO squelch: ON
Issued when a new SEC synchronisation source is selected.

Issued when a new ESO synchronisation source is selected.
Indicates the commencement of ESO squelching phase.
ESO squelch: OFF
Indicates the ending of ESO squelching phase.
SETS active/standby switch
Issued when the currently standby SETS becomes active.
s
SEC
Sub
Unit
ABB
Notifications on the Board layer
=
=
=
=
slot number
Synchronous Equipment Clock
Identification of the subunit/layer
ATIOP, SYNIO, SYNIF, SYNUF, SYN4E, SYNIC
page 117 of 132
1KHW002008
1KHW002008
page 118 of 132
ABB
Synchronisation networks
Introduction
This section provides an introduction in planning the synchronisation of
2048 kbit/s and SDH hierarchy transport networks based on FOX network
elements. The main focus is on SEC-level solutions with the nodes in a master-slave relationship.
Background information
A synchronisation network is a set of clock nodes that are kept in synchronisation with one another. To achieve this, it is necessary to transfer synchronisation reference information between nodes so that their relative synchronisation may be monitored and maintained.
Apart from the clock information, the timing reference signal contains also information (synchronisation status message, SSM) about the quality the signal can be traced back to.
In general a network will be synchronised to a primary reference clock
(PRC). However in the case of small networks without any connections to
other clock domains, the clock quality of the synchronisation network may be
as low as a synchronous equipment clock (SEC).
The main reasons for providing a synchronisation network are:
NEs terminating the 2048 kbit/s (P12s) signals in order to cross connect
the P0 and P0nc channels require a synchronised network to avoid loss
of information as a result of buffer under or overflow. The loss or the reinsertion of a byte is scarcely audible on A-law coded voice, but it is not
acceptable anymore for data services like ISDN.
Networks to operate synchronously should meet the slip performance requirements according to ITU-T Recommendation G.822.
The NEs within an SDH network are to be synchronised to eliminate high
phase excursions on 2048 kbit/s payload signals due to pointer adjustments.
Circuit emulation over a packet based network may require a common
clock to restore the synchronous payload signal (e.g.: CES over ATM applying SRTS which makes use of the network clock as a reference)
ABB
page 119 of 132
1KHW002008
Solution / Recommendation
Allocation of clock domains
Given an example of an access network, variants of defining the clock domains are being discussed.
Variant 1
Figure 6-1: Regional broadband network without direct access to PRC
PRC
NE2..NEn
NE1
UMUX 1500
UMUX 1500
STM-1
Regional Broadband
STM-N
SDH
Network
(existing)
STM-1
SYNUF <x> STM-1
SETS
only
V5.2
(nx E12/P12s)
SDH
PSTN
(existing)
SYNUF <x> STM-1
PRC
SETS
only
PRC
Synchronisation network
The regional broadband network and the network elements NE1 to NEn
belong to the clock domain of the public switched telephone network
(PSTN).
The connection to the primary reference clock (PRC) of NE1 to NEn and
the regional broadband network is established via the V5.2 /E12 interface
of the PSTN. FOX NEs are linked in terms of clock via the STM1 sections
to the regional broadband network. (Protection of the synchronisation trail
is not shown).
In all FOX NEs the equipment timing source is set to SETS only (SEC
level).
1KHW002008
Pros
Cons
Both the SDH and 2048 kbit/s hierarchies bound to the same clock. Fully
synchronised SDH part does not suffer
from pointer adjustments.
In terms of services, the regional broadband network is confined to establish

subscribers access to the PSTN (public
switched telephone network).
No byte slips on SDH management

communications channel.
Large clock domain. Wander issue has

to be carefully looked at. NE1 eventually
to be upgraded to a source SSU if there
is no sink SSU with the NE providing the
V5.2 interface on the PSTN side.
page 120 of 132
ABB
Variant 2
Figure 6-2: Regional broadband network as a clock domain of its own.
On STM-1 level all the network elements NE1 to NEn belong to the clock
domain of the regional broadband network. However on PDH level, NE1
to NEn are synchronised to the PSTN.
Pros
Cons
All the SDH signals are synchronised,

which helps to avoid excessive phase
deviations due to pointer adjustments.
The PSTN and the regional broadband
network remain autonomous with respect
to the choice of their PRCs. The fact that
the PETSs of all FOX NEs are tied to a
common source (PSTN) will avoid frame
slips on the 2048 kit/s side.
The asynchronism between the SDH and

PDH clock domains can lead to some
VC12 <-> P12s mapping jitter on the
2048 kbit/s signals
Risk of byte slips on SDH management

communications channel due to the
asynchronism between SDH and PDH
transport network.
ABB
page 121 of 132
1KHW002008
Variant 3
Figure 6-3: Regional broadband network with direct PRC access
On STM-1 level all the network elements NE1 to NEn belong to the clock
domain of the regional broadband network.
Pros
Cons
The asynchronism between the clock

The PSTN and the regional broadband
network remain autonomous with respect domain of the regional broadband network which includes also NE1 to NEn
to the choice of their PRCs.
and the PSTN may lead to frame slips on
the P12s level. The slip rate however
should be below the limits as set by
ITU-T Recommendation G.822
No byte slips on SDH management
communications channel.
robustness
Using Synchronisation Status
Messages (SSM)
It is preferable if all node clocks and network element clocks are able to recover timing from at least two synchronisation distribution trails, if possible
over diversely routed paths. Both the G.812 (SSU) and G.813 (SEC) clocks
may have to reconfigure and recover timing from one of their alternate synchronisation distribution trails. The SSM coding scheme (acc. to ITU-T
G.704) is provided to allow selection and confirmation of the synchronisation
trail, traceable back to the best possible clock source quality level.
Table 6-1:
1KHW002008
QL interpretation
SSM code [MSBLSB]
QL interpretation
0000
INV0
0001
INV1
0010
PRC (ITU-T G.811)
0011
INV3
0100
SSU-A (ITU-T G.812)
page 122 of 132
ABB
Network examples with SEC

network elements
ABB
SSM code [MSBLSB]
QL interpretation
0101
INV5
0110
INV6
0111
INV7
1000
SSU-B (ITU-TG.812)
1001
INV9
1010
INV10
1011
SEC (ITU-T.813)
1100
INV12
1101
INV13
1110
INV14
1111
DNU (Do Not Use)
Note: The synchronisation protection mechanism of the example networks

shown in this chapter is based on one reference clock supplied by a STM-N
transport network element via two independent synchronisation trails (STM11 and STM1-2).
The selection algorithm in the FOX network is set to priority based, which
implies that a QL in the range from 1 to 14 does not affect the selection.
page 123 of 132
1KHW002008
Ring topology with VC-12

path traffic protection
Figure 6-4: SDH ring with access to transport network by SYN4E
Under normal operating conditions the STM1-1 input of NE1 and the STM1
input of SYNUF<4> of all other NEs (NE2-NE6) are used as the active timing references.
Timing source selection and routing tables:
NE1: SETS only
Timing Sources
Synchro. Out
Source
Priority
QL
SYN4E<2>
STM1-1
SYN4E<2>
STM1-2
SYN4E<2>
STM1-3
SYN4E<2>
STM1-4
SYN4E<2> STM1-1
Do not use
Do not use
Can be used
Can be used
SYN4E<2> STM1-2
Do not use
Do not use
Can be used
Can be used
ESI-1
Disabled
Internal
11
Can be used
Can be used
Can be used
Can be used
1KHW002008
page 124 of 132
ABB
NE2-NE6: SETS only

Timing Sources
Linear FOX network with

MSP
Synchro. Out
Source
Priority
QL
SYNUF<2>
SYNUF<4>
SYNUF<4>
Can be used
Do not use
SYNUF<2>
Do not use
Can be used
ESI-1
Disabled
Internal
11
Do not use
Do not use
Figure 6-5:
Linear SDH network with access to transport network by

SYN4E
Under normal operating conditions the STM1-1 inputs of NE1, NE2 and NE3
are selected as the active timing references.
Timing source selection and routing tables
NE1: SETS only
Timing Sources
Synchro. Out
Source
Priority
QL
SYN4E<2>
STM1-1
SYN4E<2>
STM1-2
SYN4E<2>
STM1-3
SYN4E<2>
STM1-4
SYN4E<2> STM1-1
Do not use
Do not use
Can be used
Can be used
SYN4E<2> STM1-2
Do not use
Do not use
Can be used
Can be used
ESI-1
Disabled
Internal
11
Can be used
Can be used
Can be used
Can be used
ABB
page 125 of 132
1KHW002008
NE2: SETS only

Timing Sources
Synchro. Out
Source
Priority
QL
SYN4E<2>
STM1-1
SYN4E<2>
STM1-2
SYN4E<2>
STM1-3
SYN4E<2>
STM1-4
SYN4E<2> STM1-1
Do not use
Do not use
Can be used
Can be used
SYN4E<2> STM1-2
Do not use
Do not use
Can be used
Can be used
ESI-1
Disabled
Internal
11
Do not use
Do not use
Do not use
Do not use
NE3: SETS only

Timing Sources
Network example with SEC

and SSU network elements
Synchro Out
Source
Priority
QL
SYN4E<2>
STM1-1
SYN4E<2>
STM1-2
SYN4E<2> STM1-1
Do not use
Do not use
SYN4E<2> STM1-2
Do not use
Do not use
ESI-1
Disabled
Internal
11
Do not use
Do not use
The synchronisation protection mechanism of the example networks shown

in this chapter is based on one reference clock supplied by a single STM-N
transport network element by means of two independent synchronisation
trails (STM1-1 and STM1-2).
The selection algorithm in the FOX network is set to priority based, which
implies that a QL in the range from 1 to 14 does not affect the selection.
Please note that the present design of the NE Configuration / Timing Sources / Configuration function does not allow to setup a synchronisation network as depicted in this section. The SEC synchronisation trail towards NE 4 which is equipped with an SSU
cannot be protected since the routing table mechanism is fixed
to the SETS selection mode and does therefore not allow to configure a network setup without timing loops.
The routing configuration of the SDH ports from the NE timing
(SETS, T0) or from the SSU timing (ESO-SDH, T4) will be available in a future release.
1KHW002008
page 126 of 132
ABB
SDH ring topology
Figure 6-6: Ring SDH network with sink SSU
PCR
STM-N Transport Network
SSU
1
STM1
STM1
SYN4E<2>
SYNUF<2>
STM1
NE2
LOMIF<5>
SYNUF<4>
SYNUF<2>
LOMIF<5>
SYNUF<4>
SYNAC<3>
NE6
SYNAC<3>
STM1
SSU
1
NE1
=8x E12
=8x E12
NE4
Selection A
SYNUF<4>
LOMIF<5>
SYNAC<3>
STM1
SYNUF<2>
SYNUF<4>
LOMIF<5>
STM1
SSU
2
NE3
SYNAC<3>
SYNUF<2>
SYNUF<4>
LOMIF<5>
SYNUF<2>
SYNAC<3>
NE5
T4
STM1
STM1
=8x E12
Selection B
=8x E12
=8x E12
SSU
2
T4
ESI-1
Under normal operating conditions, the STM1-1 input of NE1 and the STM1
input of SYNUF<4> of all other NEs (NE2-NE6) are used as the active timing references.
Timing source selection and routing tables
NE1: SETS only
Timing Sources
Source
Synchro Out
Priority
QL
SYN4E<2>
STM1-1
SYN4E<2>
STM1-2
SYN4E<2>
STM1-3
SYN4E<2>
STM1-4
SYN4E<2> STM1-1
Do not use
Do not use
Can be used
Can be used
SYN4E<2> STM1-2
Do not use
Do not use
Can be used
Can be used
ESI-1
Disabled
Internal
11
Can be used
Can be used
Can be used
Can be used
T0
T0 has to be activated to synchronise the routing table with the selection of T0 (Selector B in figure <>-7).
The feature will be available in a future release.
ABB
page 127 of 132
1KHW002008
NE2-NE3, NE5-NE6: SETS only

Timing Sources
Source
Synchro Out
Priority
QL
SYNUF<2>
SYNUF<4>
SYNUF<4>
Can be used
Do not use
SYNUF<2>
Do not use
Can be used
ESI-1
Disabled
Internal
11
Do not use
Do not use
T0
T0 has to be activated to synchronise the routing table with the selection of T0 (Selector B in figure <>-7).
NE4: Block diagram of SETS with ESO-SDH set to non
SETS locked and SSU added
Figure 6-7:
ESO-SDH non
SETS locked
T1:
SYNUF <2> STM1
external
equipment
Squelch set to QL> 2
T4
T1:
SYNUF <4> STM1
T3: ESI-1
Select A
SSU 2
Squelch
Disabled
3
2
SETG
(PLL)
T3: ESI-1 Select B

1
8
T0
PBUS
SBUS
ABUS
SSM not
supported
Internal
Denotes priority
Note: The figure shows the actual configuration. Unused functions are not
shown.
1KHW002008
page 128 of 132
ABB
NE4: SETS configuration

Timing Sources
Source
Priority
QL
SYNUF<4>
SYNUF<2>
ESI-1
Internal
11
NE4: ESO-SDH configuration (non SETS locked)

Timing Sources
ESO-SDH QL
Source
Priority
QL
SYNUF<4>
SYNUF<2>
ESI-1
Disabled
ESO-4 squelched
3-15
The parameters Priority, Holdoff, QL and WTR for the

sources used in common with tables ESO-SDH configuration (non
SETS locked) and SETS configuration must be identical.
(ESI-1 and Internal are used only with SETS)
NE4 SYNUF<2>: STM1 Routing Table T4
Timing Sources
Source
Synchro Out
SYNUF <2>
T4
SYNUF<2>
Do not use
Can be used
SYNUF<4>
Can be used
Do not use
ESI-1
Do not use
Do not use
Internal
Do not use
Do not use
SYNUF <4>
T4 has to be activated to synchronise the routing table with the selection of T4 (Selector A in figure <>-7).
Points to be considered when
using the SSU layer network The PRC autonomy of an SSU is longer than that of an SEC node (higher
stability internal oscillators).
In terms of wander, the maximum number of SEC nodes between adjacent SSU nodes is 20.
ABB
page 129 of 132
1KHW002008
Configuring master-slave
synchronisation networks
Scope of applications
The focus of FOX SDH networks will be on the following types of applications:
SEC level subnetworks slaved to a master transport network. In terms of
synchronisation network rather at the bottom of the synchronisation tree.
SDH island in a PDH environment. In order to avoid pointer adjustments,
the SDH network needs to be synchronised at least to SEC quality. The
2Mbit/s is mapped asynchronously into the VC-12. Therefore its timing is
independent of the SDH network clock.
In both types of applications, the synchronisation network will be on SEC
level unless the number of cascaded network elements requires an SSU to
keep the wander in tolerable limits.
Planning steps
Define the required quality of the (FOX) SDH network clock.
With the FOX network as a slave to the master transport network, the
network clock in general will be traceable to PCR. The synchronisation
reference signal directly at the interface to the FOX subnetwork may be
filtered by means of an SSU. Depending on whether the SSU is placed
on the transport network side or on the slave network side, the SSU has
to be of the source or of the sink type. (Refer also to chapter Network
example with SEC and SSU network elements on page 6-126).
Since automatic restoration is mandatory, the reference clock has to be
provided at least by two independent synchronisation trails.
Examine if there is a need to upgrade some of the NEs from SEC to SSU
with respect to the wander aspects.
Determine the parameters of the SSM algorithm for all NEs within the
subnetwork. Doing so, it is essential to avoid timing loops in any case of
synchronisation trail disruption.
Simulate the synchronisation trail recovery, to identify failed reconfigurations and timing loops.
Specify the test cases, to verify the quality and robustness of the synchronisation network.
Maintenance
Appoint a responsible person to release any modifications affecting the

synchronisation network
Repeat the verification with updated test specifications
For further information refer to ITU-T recommendation G.803, chapter 8 and
Appendix III.
1KHW002008
page 130 of 132
ABB
Enigneering limits
Engineering limits
Number of intermediate SEC nodes in SDH networks

In all SDH networks, be they linear, tree or ring networks, the clock distribution is structured from a clock source (PRC) to a clock sink (SEC) in a linear
way. Intermediate SSU (synchronous slave unit, ITU-T G.812) are used to
keep accumulated wander in tolerable limits.
The number of SEC network elements between adjacent SSU network elements is limited to 20, with the total number of SEC connected to a PRC limited to 60 (refer to section Synchronisation network robustness
on page 6-122 and to ITU-T G.823 and ETSI EN 300 462-2-1 V1.2.1).
Fig. 7-1: Synchronisation network reference chain
ABB
page 131 of 132
1KHW002008
For more information please contact:

ABB Switzerland Ltd
Power Systems
Utility Communications
Bruggerstrasse 72
5400 Baden
Switzerland
Phone: +41 58 589 37 35
or: +41 844 845 845 (Call Center)
Fax: +41 58 585 16 82
E-Mail: utility.communication@ch.abb.com
www.abb.com/utilitycommunications

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ABB Power Systems

User Guide FOX Synchronisation (R8)

User Guide FOX Synchronisation (R8)

Precautions and safety

1 Overview of the NE timing system

The NE timing system

Clock frequency aspect of the timing system

QL-processing aspect of the timing system

Selection of timing sources

ESO timing signals

Selection of the equipment timing source

User Guide FOX Synchronisation (R8)

NE without STM-4/1 interface(s)

2 Configuration of the PETS system

Traffic (timing) sources

Selection algorithm and clock extraction

3 Configuration of the SETS system

Selection algorithm and clock extraction

ESO-SDH (Non SETS locked mode)

ESO-SDH (SETS locked mode)

4 Routing and mapping tables of units

LOMIF type E12/P12 traffic signal layer

MEGIF type E12/P12 traffic signal layer

STM-4/1 MS traffic layer

5 Status/Maintenance of the NE timing system

User Guide FOX Synchronisation (R8)

Functions and parameters

SETS Protection layer

Alarms & Notifications

Number of intermediate SEC nodes in SDH networks

User Guide FOX Synchronisation (R8)

Precautions and safety

Precautions and safety

SYNIO 305 User Guide

SYNIF 164, 604 & SYNIC 118, 168 User Guide

SYNUF 606 User Guide

SYN4E 610 User Guide

FOX User Guide

FOX TDM System & Cross Connections User Guide

LOMIF 158, 152 & LOMI4 159, 151 User Guide

PHLC3 127 User Guide

SYN4E 610 User Guide

UCST / System Operation Basics User Guide

FOX MCN, Operation and Maintenance User Guide

User Guide FOX Synchronisation (R8)

ABB Switzerland Ltd

+41 844 845 845 (Call Center)

User Guide FOX Synchronisation (R8)

User Guide FOX Synchronisation (R8)

Overview of the NE timing system

Overview of the NE timing system

The NE timing system

SYN4E 610 User Guide

Overview of the NE timing system

User Guide FOX Synchronisation (R8)

PETS/SETS timing and

User Guide FOX Synchronisation (R8)

Overview of the NE timing system

ATM traffic units (ABUS)