Department of Instrumentation & Control Engineering

National institute of Technology, Trichy -15

Assignment I Date: 08.02.17 Time: 8:30 - 10:00

1. A PMMC instrument has coil dimensions 15mmX12mm. The flux density in the airgap is
1.8X10-3 Wb/m2 and the spring constant is 0.14X10-6 Nm/rad. Determine the number of
turns required to produce an angular deflection of 90 degree when a current of 5mA is
flowing through the coil.
2. A moving coil meter gives a full scale deflection with a current of 5mA. The coil is
wound with 100 turns of wire on a rectangular former having a depth of 3cm and a
width of 2.5cm. The controlling torque supplied by the spring for full scale deflection is
4.9X10-5 Nm. Find the magnitude of the flux density in the airgap in Teslas.
3. A PMMC instrument has an airgap flux density of 50mT, and the 150 turn coil has a
dimension of d=2.5cm and l = 3 cm. The spring controlling torque is 3 X 10 -6
Nm/degree. Determine the coil current that will produce a 50deflection.
4. A moving-coil instrument has a resistance of 5 between terminals and full scale
deflection is obtained with a current of 0.015 A. The instrument is to be used with a
manganin shunt to measure 100A full scale. Calculate the error caused by a 10C rise
in temperature. (i)when the internal resistance of 5 is due to copper only, (ii) when a
4 manganin swamping resistor is used in series with a copper resister of 1. Take:
(copper)=0.004/C and (manganin)=0.00015/C.
5. The total resistance of a moving-iron voltmeter is 1000 and coil has an inductance of
0.765 H. The instrument is calibrated with a full-scale deflection of 50V DC. Calculate
the percentage error when the instrument is used on (i) 25Hz supply ,(ii) 0Hz, the
appied voltage being 50V in each case.
6. The inductance of a moving-iron ammeter in micro-Henry is given by the expression :
L = 20 + 10 - 32
Where, is the deflection in radians from zero positions. Determine the deflection of
ammeter for a current of 10A if the spring constant is 8 X 10-6 Nm/radian.
7. A 50V moving-iron voltmeter has a resistance of 400Ohm, made up of a copper coil of
40Ohm and 80 mH in series with a non- inductive resistance of 360Ohm. Show, how to
connect a capacitor so that the instrument will read correctly on AC and DC. Calculate
the value of capacitance required.
8. A moving iron instrument produces a 50 deflection when the coil current is 500mA.
The controlling torque exercised by the spring is 8Nm/degree. Calculate the
i9ncrease in the coil self inductance from the zero current level.
9. An electro dynamic instrument has If = Im at 100 deflection and the mutual inductance
increase from zero deflection is measured as 23.3 mH. The controlling torque
exercised by the springs is 0.75 Nm/degree. Calculate the measured current.
10. The mutual inductance of a 25A electrodynamic ammeter changes uniformly at
the rate of 0.0035 H per degree. The torsion constant of the controlling spring is 1 X
10-6 N-m per degree. Determine the angular deflection for full scale?
11. An electrodynamic instrument displays a 90 deflection when If =Im =100mA. The
controlling torque exercised by the springs is 0.067Nm/degree. Calculate the
increase in the in the mutual inductance from I=0.
12. A 100/5A current transformer, at its rated load of 25VA, has an iron loss of 0.2 W
and a magnetizing current of 1.5A. It is supplying rated output to a meter having a ratio
of resistance to reactance of 5. Calculate its ratio error and phase angle.
13. The current transformer rated as 1000/5A, 25VA has a turn ratio of 1:200. The
core loss and magnetizing components of the primary current are 4A and 7A under
rated conditions. Determine the ratio and phase angle errors for the rated burden and
the rated secondary current at 0.8p.f. lagging and 0.8p.f. leading.
14. A current transformer has a single turn primary and 200 turn secondary turns
which have a non-inductive burden of 1 resistance. The net cross-sectional area of
the core is 10 cm2 , the magnetizing flux needs 80AT in the primary. Calculate the ratio
and phase angle errors of the current transformer for a secondary current of 5A. The
supply frequency is 50Hz.
15. A current transformer having a single turn primary is rated at 500/5A 50HZ, with
an output of 15VA. At rated load with the non-inductive burden, the in-phase and
quadrature (referred to the flux) of the exciting ampere-turns are 8 and 10respectively.
The numbers of turns in the secondary is 98 and the resistance and leakage reactance
of the secondary winding are 0.35 and 0.3 respectively. Calculate the current ratio
and phase angle errors.
16. The working of the single sag hot wire instrument is 10cm long and is made up to
platinum-silver with a coefficient of linear expansion of 16X 10-6 . The temperature rise
of the wire is 80degree centigrade and the sag is taken up at the center. Determine the
magnification: (i) with no initial sag (ii) with an initial sag of 1mm.
17. A basic thermocouple instrument as shown in Fig. produces a 10mV
thermocouple terminal voltage and a 50uA meter current when the heater current is
500mA. Calculate the meter current produced by a 400mA heater current.

18. A moving coil-meter gives a full-scale deflection with a current of 5 mA. If the
coil of the instrument has a resistance of 10 Ohm, show how it can be adopted to work
(i) as an ammeter with a range 0-10A and (ii) as a voltmeter with a range of 0-100V.
19. Two moving coil ammeters have a resistance of 0.8 Ohm and 1.0Ohm,
respectively and each gives a full scale deflection with a current of 100mA. Calculate
the resistance of suitable shunts to give full scale deflection with 100A. If the ammeter
 with shunts are placed in parallel in a circuit in which total current flowing is 100A.
Find the reading on each instrument.
20. A DC ammeter is constructed of a 133.3 Ohm resistance in parallel with a PMMC
instrument. If the instrument has a 1.2KOhm coil resistance and 30uA FSD, Determine
the measured current at FSD, 0.5FSD and 0.33FSD.