EVAPORATOR

Design conditions;
 type of evaporator ----------------------------- Trombone type
 evaporator temp. ------------------------------ -15°C = 5 °F
 brine temp. ------------------------------------- 10°F

A. Required surface area of evaporator, AE

from; QPT= (Uo) (AE) (LMTD)

where; QPT = 58884.3 Watts

Uo = Overall Heat Transfer Coefficient, for evaporator varies

Btu
2
from 90 to 120 hr . *ft . ∗° F

AE = surface area of the evaporator

LMTD = Log Mean Temperature Difference between brine

temperature and temperature of refrigerant inside the tube

Btu
2
Note: Uo for evaporator varies from 90 to 120 hr . *ft . ∗° F

Btu
2
use: Uo = 90 hr . *ft . ∗° F

Conversion factor :
Btu Watts
1 hr. *ft . ∗° F = 5.6783 m2 *K
2

Watts
2
Uo = 511.047 m *K
 LMTD = brine temperature – temperature of the refrigerant inside the evaporator
= 10°F - 5 °F

= 5 °F
LMTD = 5 °F
QPT= (Uo) (AE) (LMTD)

Watts
2
58884.3 Watts = (511.047 m *K )(AE)( 5 °F)

AE = 23.0446 m2

B. Main header length , L

Main header length = Return header length

Main header length = length of freezing tank + allowing 0.10m for outside connection

Length of the freezing tank = 10.5933 m

Main header length = 10.5933 m + 0.1 m

Main header length = 10.6933 m

HOISTING WINCH / OVERHEAD TRAVELLING CRANE

Design conditions : (Base on the Static approach)
 cans cans
Number of ice cans per lift, lift = 5 lift

Actual Weight of ice can with ice block (W A), pounds (lbs.) = 110 lbs.
m m ft .
where; Hoist velocity (VF), sec. = 0.15 sec. = 0.49 sec .
Height of lift, meter = 2 m
Time of lift, second = 10 sec.
FT = rope tensile force
WR = weight of the rope

Variables needed:
Note: (From Dome, by Faires; use 6 × 19 Improved Plow Steel (I.P.S) wire ropes
regular relay)

pound .
where ; WR = (1.6 DR2 in foot ) (length of the rope, LR)
Minimum diameter of the sheave, DS = 30 DR in inch
Diameter of the wire, DW = 0.067 DR in inch
Cross section area of the metal, AM = 0.4 DR2 in inch2
pounds .
Modulus of elasticity of the metal rope, EM = 12 × 106 in .2

Diameter of the rope, DR

Length of the wire rope, LR = 5 m = 16.4 feet
N=7
Breaking load, FU = 0.42 DR2 in tons
Bending load, FB
Tensile force, FT
Total load, W

from ; F = ma
 Summation of force vertical;
W R +W
F T - WR – W = 32 .2 ×a; equation 1

V F −V I
time in second

¿ ¿¿
where; a= ¿

ft .
0 . 49 −0
sec .
10 sec .

¿ ¿¿ ¿
a=
ft .
sec .2

¿¿¿
a = 0.049 ¿

Total load, W
W = (actual weight) (number of cans per lift)
= (110 lbs.) (5)
W = 550 lbs.

From equation 1 substitute the variables needed;

1.6 D
¿
lbs . (¿ R¿¿ 2) ( 16.4 ft . )+ 550lbs . ft .
ft . sec .2
32.2 ft .
¿ ¿¿ ¿ sec .2 ¿¿ ¿
FT – (1.6DR2)( ) (16.4ft.) – 550 lbs. = ¿ (0.049 ¿ )
¿
¿
 1.6 D
¿
(¿ R ¿ ¿ 2)(16.4)(0.049)
FT – (1.6DR2)(16.4ft.) – 550 = 32.2
¿
+ [ (550)( 0.049)
32.2 ]
¿
¿

FT – 26.24 DR2 – 550 = 0.0399 DR2 + 0.8369

FT = (26.2799 DR2 + 550.8369) (lbs.); equation 2

Based on static approach:

( E M )( DW )( A M )
FB = DS

lbs .
(12×106 2
)(0. 067 D R )(0 . 4 D R 2 )
in.
FB = 30D R

FB = 10720 DR2 (lbs.) equation 3

Use;
F U −F B
N= FT ;N=7

42 D
¿
2000 lbs.
7=
(¿ R¿¿ 2)(ton) (
1 ton
−10720 D R2)
FT
¿
¿
¿
 FT = 10468.5714 DR2; equation 4

Substitute 4 to 2
10468.5714 DR2 = 26.2799 DR2 + 550.8369

DR = 0.2297 inches

A. Total load, W

W = 550 lbs.

B. Based on the static friction

Equivalent bending load, FB = SB AM

( E M )( DW )
where; approximate stress of the wire, SB = DS

( E M )( DW )
FB = DS (AM)

pounds.
use; EM = 12 × 106 in .2

DW = 0.067 (0.2297 inches) = 0.0154 inches

DS = 30 (0.2297 inches) = 6.891 inches
AM =0.4 (0.2297 inches )2 = 0.0211 in.2
 lbs.
(12×106 )(0 . 0154in. )
in. 2
FB = 6 . 891in (0.0211 in.2)

FB = 565.8511 lbs.

C. Breaking strength, FU

Use equation 4;
FT = 10468.5714 (0.2297 )2
FT = 552.3437 lbs.

F U −F B
N= FT ;N=7

FU = 4432.257 lbs.

D. Hoist power, H.P.

Solve for the RPM of the drum;

VF = π D S NS
 60sec .
1min .
ft . 29 .4ft.
¿¿¿
VF = (0.49 sec. )( ¿ ) = min .
DS = 30 (0.2297 inches) = 6.891 inches = 0.5743 ft.

29 .4ft.
min . = π (0.5743 ft.) NS

rev
NS = 16.2952 min.

[ ]
πD S N S (F B )
H.P. = 33000 ft .∗lbs .
HP∗min .

[ ]
16.2952rev
π (0.5743 ft .)( )(565.8511 lbs .)
min .
=
33000 ft .∗lbs .
HP∗min .

H.P. = 0.5 HP