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    Muhammad Nauman Abbas: Equipment: Heat Exchanger

    Uploaded by

    Nauman Khan
    The document discusses the design of a shell and tube heat exchanger. It provides advantages and disadvantages of shell and tube exchangers. The main design steps are outlined which include calculating the log mean temperature difference (LMTD), assumed heat transfer coefficient, tube and shell side heat transfer coefficients, and pressure drops. Design calculations are shown for a heat exchanger with a heat duty of 256,000W including LMTD, area, number of tubes, dimensions, heat transfer coefficients, and pressure drops. A specification sheet with the key design parameters is presented.

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    Muhammad Nauman Abbas: Equipment: Heat Exchanger

    Uploaded by

    Nauman Khan
    90 views8 pages
    The document discusses the design of a shell and tube heat exchanger. It provides advantages and disadvantages of shell and tube exchangers. The main design steps are outlined which include calculating the log mean temperature difference (LMTD), assumed heat transfer coefficient, tube and shell side heat transfer coefficients, and pressure drops. Design calculations are shown for a heat exchanger with a heat duty of 256,000W including LMTD, area, number of tubes, dimensions, heat transfer coefficients, and pressure drops. A specification sheet with the key design parameters is presented.

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    Heat exchanger shell and tube

    Original Title

    Heat Exchanger

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    The document discusses the design of a shell and tube heat exchanger. It provides advantages and disadvantages of shell and tube exchangers. The main design steps are outlined which include calculating the log mean temperature difference (LMTD), assumed heat transfer coefficient, tube and shell side heat transfer coefficients, and pressure drops. Design calculations are shown for a heat exchanger with a heat duty of 256,000W including LMTD, area, number of tubes, dimensions, heat transfer coefficients, and pressure drops. A specification sheet with the key design parameters is presented.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    90 views8 pages

    Muhammad Nauman Abbas: Equipment: Heat Exchanger

    Uploaded by

    Nauman Khan
    The document discusses the design of a shell and tube heat exchanger. It provides advantages and disadvantages of shell and tube exchangers. The main design steps are outlined which include calculating the log mean temperature difference (LMTD), assumed heat transfer coefficient, tube and shell side heat transfer coefficients, and pressure drops. Design calculations are shown for a heat exchanger with a heat duty of 256,000W including LMTD, area, number of tubes, dimensions, heat transfer coefficients, and pressure drops. A specification sheet with the key design parameters is presented.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    of 8

    1

    Muhammad Nauman Abbas

    2015-CH-712
    Equipment:
    Heat Exchanger
    Heat Exchanger 2
    Shell & tube heat exchangers:
    Advantages
     Widely known and understood since it is the most common type less thermally
    efficient than other types of heat transfer equipment.
     Most versatile in terms of types of service.
     Widest range of allowable design pressures and temperatures.
     Subject to flow induced vibration which can lead to equipment failure.

    Disadvantages
     Not well suited for temperature cross conditions (multiple units in series must be
    used)
     Contains stagnant zones (dead zones) on the shell side which can lead to
    corrosion problems.
    Design Procedure of Heat Exchanger 3
    (shell and tube)

    The main steps of design the heat exchanger are summarized as follows:
    i. Obtain the required thermo physical properties of hot and cold fluids at
    average temperature of streams.
    ii. Perform energy balance and find out the heat duty (Q) of the exchanger.
    iii. Calculate the LMTD.
    iv. Assume overall heat transfer coefficient (Uo).
    v. Calculate Provisional area and number of tubes.
    vi. Specify the shell and tube configuration.
    vii. Calculate hi and ho.
    viii. Calculate the overall heat transfer coefficient (U). If it is not equal to
    assumed value, then again assume Uo until it becomes equal to assumed
    value.
    ix. Calculate the pressure drop.
    Design Calculations
    4
    LMTD

    (ΔT1 − ΔT2)
    LMTD =
    ln (ΔT1/ΔT2)
     (ΔT) 1= 238 ºC
     (ΔT)2= 145ºC
     LMTD= 187ºC
     S=0.2347 R=2.2739 Ft=0.95
     Corrected LMTD= 163ºC

    Overall heat transfer coefficient


     Assume value of overall heat transfer coefficient Uo =45 W/m2 .K
    Provisional Area
    (Q)
    A=
    (Uo∗ΔTlm)
     Q= 256,000W
     Uo= 45 W/m2 .K
     LMTD= 187ºC
     A=34 m2
    Design Calculations 5
    From Table 10 Heat Exchanger tube data Tube sheet layout

    BWG= 20 Bundle Diameter = Db= O.D (Nt/K) 1/n


    Inner Diameter of tube=I.D= 0.01274m For Triangular pitch and two passes = K=0.249
    Outer diameter of tube= O.D=0.01093m n = 2.27
    Length of tube= 2.44m Bundle Diameter = Db = 0.3218m
    Surface area of one tube= pi * O.D * L Use Split ring Floating Head type
    Surface Area of one tube= 3.14*0.0195*4.88 Clearance= 0.056m
    Surface area of one tube=0.09732m2 Shell Diameter = 0.3218 + 0.056= 0.3788m
    No of tubes= Nt = Provisional Area / Area of one tube
    No of tubes = 30m2 / 0.09732m2 = 358
    Tube passes = 2
    Tube Per pass= 179
    Shell Side Heat Transfer Coefficient (ho) Tube Side Heat Transfer Coefficient (hi)

    6
    Choose baffle Spacing Lb = (OD)/5 = 0.079984m Tube Area At = Nt*at/n=0.01462m2

    Triangular Pitch = Pt = 1.25 * outside diameter of Nt=132 at= 0.0000936m2 n =2


    tube=0.01588m
    Tube flow Area At =Nt*at/n=0.147m2
    Area of shell = As= ID*C*B/Pt =.006390m2
    Gs = m/As = 0.13308 kg / sec.m2 Mass velocity =Gt=W/At

    Equivalent diameter = De = 0.00901m Gt =0.07402 Kg/sec.m2


    µ = 0.0005514 kg/m.sec
    µ = 0.002694 Kg/sec.m
    Re = De*Gs/µ =2152.50 Re = Di * Gs / µ = 156.35
    Pr = (µ*Cp/k) 0.333 = 3.5683
    Pr = (µCp/k) 0.333 = 54.02
    Jh=0.012 K=0.64559 W/m2.◦C Jh=0.008 K=0.1184 Kj/Kg.K
    ho = Jh*K/De(µ*Cp/k)1/3
    hi = Jh*K/Di(µ*cp/k)1/3
    ho=516.50 W/m2 ºC hi= 50.73 W/m2 ◦C
    Overall Heat Transfer Coefficient
    1/ Uo= 1/ho+1/hi
    1/ Uo =0.02164
    Uo=1/0.02164
    Uo=46.19 W/m2.◦C
    We assumed the value Uo= 45 W/m2 ºC which is near to our
    calculated value.
    Pressure Drop Calculations
    7

    Shell side pressure drop Tube side pressure drop

    ΔPs=[8*jf*(Ds/De)*(N+1)*(ρus2/2)] ΔPt=Np[8*jf*(L/Di)+2.5]*(ρ*μt2/2)
    At Re = 2152.50 At Re = 156
    jf = 0.075 jf = 0.38
    L = 2.44m L = 2.44m
    Do = 0.0109m Di=0.0127m
    ΔPs = 1.02psi ΔPt = 0.17psi
    Specification Sheet 8

    Diameter of Shell (Ds) 0.3788 m

    Total no. of Tubes (Nt) 358

    Bundle Diameter 0.238 m

    Shell Diameter 0.295 m

    Total Pressure Drop (shell side) 1.027 psi

    Total Pressure Drop (tube side) 0.17 psi

    Number of Baffles 29

    Heat Transfer Area of Heat Exchanger 34 m2


    (A)

    Overall Heat Transfer Coefficient( Uo) 45 W/m2.◦C

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