5th Sem Ee Syllabus

Government of Karnataka
Department of Technical Education

Board of Technical Examinations, Bengaluru
Course Title: POWER ELECTRONICS Course Code : 15EE51T

Semester :V Course Group : Core
Teaching Scheme (L:T:P) :4:0:0 (in Hours) Credits : 4 Credits
Type of course :Lecture +Assignments Total Contact Hours : 52
CIE : 25 Marks SEE : 100 Marks
Programme: Diploma in Electrical and Electronics Engg.
Pre-requisites : Knowledge of Electrical machines, Analog & Digital Electronics
Course Objectives : To introduce the concept of semiconductors devices for high

power supply and their applications
COURSE TOPICS:
Unit
Unit Name Hours
No
1 Power Semiconductor Devices 9
2 SCR Control Circuits 6
3 Ratings, Protection & Mounting of Thyristors 3
4 Converters 13
8
5 Power Supplies and Stabilizers
13
6 Applications
Total 52
Directorate of Technical Education Karnataka State 15EE51T Page 1

Course Outcomes:
On successful completion of the course, the student will be able to:
1. Understand the basics of power semiconductor devices
2. Explain Thyristor control circuits
3. Generalize the protection of Thyristors
4. Analyze the working of DC and AC Converters
5. Describe the operation of power supplies.
6. Illustrate the applications of power Electronics.
Composition of Educational Components

Questions for CIE and SEE will be designed to evaluate the various educational components
(Bloom’s Taxonomy) such as:
Sl. Total Marks

Educational Component Weightage (%)
No. (Out of 145)
1 Remembering 10 15
2 Understanding 45 65
3 Application 45 65
Total 100 145

Course Outcome linkage to Cognitive Level
Cognitive Level Legend: R- Remember, U- Understand, A- Application
CL Linked Teaching Hrs

Course Outcome PO
Understand the basics of power 2,10 9

CO1 R/U
semiconductor devices
CO2 Explain Thyristor control circuits U/A 2,4,10 6
Generalize the protection of 2,10 3

CO3 R/U
Thyristors
Analyze the working of DC and 4,10 13

CO4 U/A
AC Converters
Describe the operation of power 4,10 8

C05 U/A
supplies.
Illustrate the applications of power 13

C06 U/A 4,10
Electronics.
Total sessions 52

Course Content and Blue Print of Marks for SEE:
Questions to Questions to
be set for be set for
Max.
(5marks ) (10marks) Marks
Unit Marks
Unit Name Hour PART - A PART - B weightage
No per
(%)
Unit
R U A R U A
Understand the
basics of power
1 9 25 1 1 0 0.5 1 0 17
semiconductor
devices
2 Explain Thyristor
6 15 0 1 0 0 1 10
control circuits
Generalize the
3 protection of 3 10 1 0 0 0.5 0 7
Thyristors
Analyze the working

4 of DC and AC 13 35 0 1 1 0 1 1.5 24
Converters
Describe the
5 operation of power 8 20 0 1 0 1 0.5 14
supplies.
Illustrate the
6 applications of power 13 40 0 1 1 0 1 2 28
Electronics.
Total 9 10 100
52 145
(45 Marks) (100 Marks)

Course-PO Attainment Matrix
Programme Outcomes
Course
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
POWER
- 2 - 3 - - - - - 3
ELECTRONICS
Level 3- Highly Addressed, Level 2-Moderately Addressed, Level 1-Low Addressed.
Method is to relate the level of PO with the number of hours devoted to the COs which address the given PO.
If >40% of classroom sessions addressing a particular PO, it is considered that PO is addressed at Level 3
If 25 to 40% of classroom sessions addressing a particular PO, it is considered that PO is addressed at Level 2
If < 5% of classroom sessions addressing a particular PO, it is considered that PO is considered not-addressed.

Course Content:
Unit –I
POWER SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES– Concept of power electronics, Power
electronic devices-Power diode- Structure, Characteristics, types and applications, Power
transistor-types, switching characteristics and applications, MOSFET-operation, transfer
characteristics and applications, IGBT –structure and applications, SCR-layer diagram,
transistor analogy, Characteristics, LASCR –structure and operation, GTO Triac-
characteristics, triggering modes, DIAC- Characteristics, operation and applications
Unit –II
SCR CONTROL CIRCUITS- Methods of turning on the SCR, General layout of firing
circuit, R and RC Firing circuits, Pulse triggering using UJT, Digital firing scheme,
Commutation and types.
Unit –III
RATINGS, PROTECTION & MOUNTING OF THYRISTORS- Voltage and current
ratings of SCR, Protection of SCR against Over voltage, Over current, di/dt and dv/dt,
Types of Mounting of SCRs
Unit –IV
CONVERTERS - Types of converters, Phase control, Full controlled bridge converter, dual
converters, three phase converters, Choppers-definition, step up and step down choppers,
different chopper configurations, inverters-definition ,VSI and CSI, Half bridge inverter and
full bride inverter, three phase bridge inverter, cyclo converter-midpoint cyclo converter, step
up and step down cyclo converter, advantages and disadvantages
Unit –V
POWER SUPPLIES AND STABILIZERS- SMPS and operation, Buck, Boost, Buck-
Boost and Flyback converter, power line disturbances, sources and effects power
conditioners, Operation of relay type AC voltage stabilizer, advantages and disadvantages of
Relay type stabilizer, AC servo voltage stabilizer, advantages and disadvantages, UPS-
Battery size and required voltage for UPS, Offline UPS, Online UPS.
Unit –VI
APPLICATIONS- Power system applications- Static AC circuit breaker, interconnection
of renewable energy sources and energy storage systems to the utility, Grid Thyristor
switched capacitors and Thyristor switched inductors (Reactors).
Industrial applications -Switch mode welder, Voltage source series resonant inverters in
induction heating, solid state relay, speed control of shunt wound DC motor by armature
voltage control method, soft starting of Induction motor, static slip recovery system in
induction motor (static scherbius drive), speed control of Induction Motor by Variable
voltage frequency method
Domestic Applications-High frequency lighting system, SCR battery charger.

Reference Books:
1. Power Electronics by Dr P S Bimbhra , Khanna Publishers, New Delhi
2. Industiial Electronics and Control Biswanath Paul PHI Publication Edition-II
3. Thyristorised power controllers GK Dubey
4. Power and industrial Electronics by Harish C Rai
5. Power electronics by Mohan Undeland & Robbins, Wiley Publications
6. Modern Power Electronics by P.C.Sen
7. Power Electronics – RaghunathRao,
8. Voltage Stabilizers and cut outs-Mc Sharma , BPB Pulications
9. Switch Gear and protection by J B Gupta , Katson Publication
e-Resources:
www.electricalengineeringinfo.com/2014/06/silicon...
Course Delivery:
The Course will be delivered through lectures, classroom interaction, animations, group
discussion, exercises and student activities, assignments.

Course Assessment and Evaluation:
Course
To Max Evidence
What Frequency Outcom
Whom Marks Collected
es
Three IA tests
for Theory:
(Continuous Internal
(Average Blue
I A Tests 20 1 to 6
marks of Three Books
Evaluation)
Tests to be
Students
computed).
CIE
Direct Assessment
Student Report of
05 1 to 6
Student Activity 2 pages
Activity
TOTAL 25
(Semester End
Examination)
Answer
Students
End Of the
SEE
End Exam 100 Scripts at 1 to 6

Course
BTE
Student Feedback on Middle Of

Assessment
Feed Back Forms 1 to 6

course The Course
Students
Indirect
End Of The
End Of Course Survey Questionnaires 1 to 6
Course
*CIE – Continuous Internal Evaluation *SEE – Semester End Examination

Note: I.A. test shall be conducted for 20 marks. Average marks of three tests shall be
rounded off to the next higher digit.
Note to IA verifier: The following documents to be verified by CIE verifier at the end of
semester
1. Blue books ( 20 marks)
2. Student suggested activities report for 5 marks evaluated through appropriate rubrics.
3. Student feedback on course regarding Effectiveness of Delivery of instructions & Assessment
Methods.

Course Contents with Lecture Schedule:
Lesson
No./ Duration
Contents
Session
No.
Unit I Introduction to power electronics 9 Hours
Describe the concept of power electronics

Draw the layer structure of power diode and explain it.
1. Draw V –I characteristics of power diode and explain. 01 Hour
List & explain types of power diodes and their applications
Ref: 1 Ref: 2
List the types of Power transistors, explain BJT switching
2. characteristics, BJT as a switch 01 Hour
Ref: 1
Explain the operation of N-channel enhancement MOSFET
and draw its transfer characteristic curve, application of 01 Hour
3.
MOSFET
Ref: 1
Draw and Explain the structure of IGBT and application of
IGBT Ref: 5 01 Hour
4.
Compare MOSFET, BJT and IGBT
Ref: 2
Draw the layer diagram of SCR and explain the concept of two
5. 01 Hour
transistor analogy of SCR. Ref: 1
Explain the static V-I characteristic curve of SCR, Enumerate

6. Reverse blocking , Forward blocking, forward conduction mode 01 Hour
Ref: 1
Define GTO. Explain the principle of operation and list its
applications. Ref: 1 01 Hour
7.
Draw the layer structure of LASCR and explain its operation
Ref: 2
Draw the layer structure and explain the operation of TRIAC
Draw V-I characteristics & explain 4-Modes of turn on of
8 01Hour
TRIAC, state the preferred mode of turn-on
Ref: 1, Ref: 2
Explain the operation of DIAC and draw its V-I characteristic
curve, application of DIAC. Ref: 1
9 Explain the construction & operation of UJT. 01Hour
Draw & explain the V-I characteristics of UJT
List the applications of UJT Ref: 2
UNIT II SCR CONTROL CIRCUITS 6 Hours
List and explain the methods of turn on of SCR 01 Hour
10 Draw and explain the general layout of firing circuit
Ref:3, Ref 1

Draw R firing circuit and explain with wave forms. 01 Hour
11
Draw R-C firing circuit and explain with wave forms Ref:1
12 Draw synchronized UJT pulse trigger circuit and explain with 01 Hour
waveforms.
Ref:3, Ref 1
13 Draw the Digital firing scheme and explain with wave forms 01 Hour
Ref:3
14 Define commutation, 01 Hour
Explain line commutation, forced commutation and list the
methods of forced commutation
Ref:1, Ref:2
15 Explain Load commutation and complementary commutation 01 Hour
Ref:1
3
Unit III Ratings ,Protection & Mounting of Thyristors
Hours
16 Explain voltage and current ratings of SCR and Reliability of 01 Hour
SCR Define MTBF. Ref:1 Ref:7
17 Describe how SCR can be protected against overvoltage and 01 Hour
over current, di/dt & dv/dt. Ref:1
18 Explain the different types of mounting of SCR. Ref:1 01 Hour
13
Unit IV CONVERTERS
Hours
DC Converters
Explain the types of power electronic converters
List the advantages and disadvantages of power electronic
19 converters Ref:1 01 Hour
Explain single quadrant semi converter, two quadrant full
converter and dual converter. Ref:3
Explain smart power modules 01 Hour
20 Explain principle of phase control with waveforms for resistive
load. Ref:1
Explain single phase full converter RLE type with continuous 01 Hour
21
load current Ref:1
Draw the circuit diagram of single phase Dual converter and 01 Hour
22
explain the principle of operation. Ref 2
23 Explain the gating pulse requirement of 3 phase full converters 01 Hour
Ref 4
Draw the circuit diagram of three phase bride converter and 01 Hour
24
explain 180 conduction mode with wave forms. Ref:1
Define DC Chopper.
Draw the circuit of step down chopper and explain its operation 01 Hour
25
Draw the circuit of step up chopper and explain its operation
Ref:1
Draw the different chopper configurations- (A, B, C, D and E)
26 and explain them. 01 Hour
Ref:1

A C Converters
Define inverter
27 List and explain the 2 main types of inverters ( VSI and CSI) 01 Hour
List the differences between VSI and CSI. Ref:2, Ref 4
Draw the circuit diagram of half bride inverter and its operation
with wave forms 01 Hour
28
Draw the circuit diagram of full bride inverter and its operation
with wave forms. Ref:1
Draw the circuit diagram of three phase 180 0 mode voltage 01 Hour
29
source inverter and its operation with wave forms. Ref:1
Define cycloconverter.
30 Draw the circuit of midpoint step down cyclo converter and 01 Hour
explain its operation with waveforms. Ref 2
Draw the circuit of midpoint step up cyclo converter and
31 explain its operation with waveforms. Ref: 1 01 Hour
List the advantages and disadvantages of cyclo converters Ref 2
Unit V POWER SUPPLIES AND STABILIZERS 8Hours

Draw the Block diagram of SMPS and explain its operation
32 List the applications of SMPS 01 Hour
Ref: 2
Draw the circuit diagram of Buck and boost converter (regulator)
33 and explain its operation. 01 Hour
Ref: 2
Draw the circuit diagram of Buck-boost and fly back converter
34 (regulator) and explain its operation. 01 Hour
Ref: 2
Define the different types of power line disturbances
List the sources and effects of power line disturbances 01 Hour
35
Describe how power conditioners provide effective suppressing
of some or all of these electrical disturbances Ref:5
Describe the operation of relay type AC voltage stabilizer with
the help of diagram. 01 Hour
36
List the advantages and disadvantages of Relay type stabilizer
Ref: 7, Ref: 8
Draw the diagram of AC servo voltage stabilizer and explain its
01 Hour
37 operation
List the advantages and disadvantages . Ref: 2
Define UPS,
38 01 Hour
Determine Battery size and required voltage for UPS. Ref:6
Draw the block diagram of offline UPS and explain its operation
39 Draw the block diagram of online UPS and explain its operation 01 Hour
Ref: 2
Unit VI APPLICATIONS 13 Hours
Draw the circuit diagram of static AC circuit breaker and 01 Hour
40
explain its operation with waveforms Ref: 1

41 Explain the operation of Thyristor switched capacitors and 01 Hour
Thyristor switched inductors (Reactors) Ref: 5
42 Draw the circuit diagram and explain single phase high 01 Hour
frequency photo voltaic interface to grid Ref: 5
43 Draw and explain the circuit for interconnection of wind and 01Hour
hydro generator
44 Draw the block diagram of interconnecting energy storage 01Hour
systems for utility load levelling Ref: 5
45 Draw the block diagram & explain the operation of Switch mode 01 Hour
welder.
46 Draw the block diagram and explain the operation of Voltage 01 Hour
source series resonant inverters in induction heating Ref: 5
47 Explain speed control of shunt wound DC motor by armature 01 Hour
voltage control method. Ref: 2
48 Explain with circuit diagram soft starting of Induction motor
01 Hour
Ref: 5
Explain with circuit diagram static slip recovery Ref: 1
49 Explain speed control of Induction Motor by Variable voltage 01 Hour
frequency method. Ref 2
Draw the circuit diagram and explain the speed control of 3
50 phase slip ring induction motor by static variation of external 01 Hour
rotor resistance. Ref 1
51 Draw the circuit and explain the operation of DC Solid state
Relay using opto-coupler. 01 Hour
Draw the circuit and explain the operation of AC Solid state
Relay using opto-coupler. Ref 1
52 Draw the block diagram of High frequency lighting system and
explain its operation. 01 Hour
Draw the circuit & explain SCR charger circuit for 12 V battery.
Ref 5

Student Activity (any one to be submitted with 3 pages self HAND WRITTEN report):
1. Identify various power switching devices used commercially and study their
applications
2. Study various control circuits used in Practise in converters & inverters
3. Study various ratings of power semiconductor devices and select it for a particular
application
4. Visit nearby MUSS and collect details of power electronic applications
5. Study commercially available power supplies
6. Prepare a report on application of power electronic devices in industries
MODEL OF RUBRICS / CRITERIA FOR ASSESSING STUDENT ACTIVITY ( Course Coordinator)
Dimen Scale Students score

sion (Group of five
students)
1 2 3 4 5 1 2 3 4 5
Unsatisfactory Developing Satisfactory Good Exemplary
1 Descriptor Descriptor Descriptor Descriptor Descriptor 3
Note: Concerned faculty (Course coordinator) must devise appropriate 14/4

rubrics/criteria for assessing Student activity for 5 marks =3.5
One activity on any one CO (course outcome) may be given to a group of FIVE students ≈4
Grand Average/Total
Example only: MODEL OF RUBRICS / CRITERIA FOR ASSESSING STUDENT ACTIVITY-

Task given- Industrial visit and report writing
Dimensi Scale Students score
on (Five students)
1 2 3 4 5 1 2 345
1.Organi Has not Has Has Has Has 3
sation included included included included included all
relevant info few relev some relev many relev relevant
ant info ant info ant info info needed
2. Fulfill Does not Performs Performs Performs Performs 2
team’s perform any very little partial nearly all all duties of
roles & duties duties duties duties assigned
duties assigned team roles
3.Conclu Poor Less Partially Summarise Most 5

sion Effective effective s but not Effective
exact.
4.Conve Frequent More Some Occasional No Error 4
nsions Error Error Error Error
Total marks 14/4=3.5
≈4

FORMAT OF I A TEST QUESTION PAPER (CIE)
Test/Date and
Semester/year Course/Course Code Max Marks
Time
Ex: I test/6th weak of V/VI SEM

20
sem 10-11 Am Year:
Name of Course coordinator :
Units:__ CO’s:____
Questio
Question MARKS CL CO PO
n no
1
2
3
4
Note: Internal Choice may be given in each CO at the same cognitive level (CL).

MODEL QUESTION PAPER (CIE)
Test/Date and Time Semester/year Course/Course Code Max Marks

1st Test/ 6 th week, V SEM, E & E Engg Power Electronics
20
9 Feb 16, 10-11 AM Year: 2015-16 Course code: 15EE51T
Units Covered :1 and 2
Course Outcomes : 1 and 2
Instruction :(1). Answer all questions
Question
Question CL CO PO
No.
1 List the types of power diode or Define GTO (2 Marks) R CO1 2
2 Explain the 4-Modes of turn on of TRIAC ( 4 marks)
Or
Explain the construction of UJT U CO1 2
3 Explain line commutation and forced commutation (5 marks)

Or
U CO2 4
Explain the methods of turn on of SCR
4 Draw R firing circuit and explain with wave forms (9 marks)

Or
Draw synchronized UJT pulse trigger circuit and explain with A CO2 4
waveforms
CL: Cognitive Level, R-Remember, U-Understand, A-Application, PO: Program Outcomes

Sl. Total Marks
No. (Out of 20)
1 Remembering 10 2
3 Application 45 9
20
Total 100

Model QUESTION Paper BANK:
Course Title: POWER ELECTRONICS Course Code: 15EE51T
CO1 - Understand the basics of power semiconductor devices

.Unit 1 -Introduction to power electronics
Cognitive Level: REMEMBER

1. Draw the layer structure of power diode
2. List types of power diode and their applications
3. List the types of Power transistors and their applications
4. Draw the transfer characteristic curve and list the applications of MOSFET
5. Draw the structure of IGBT and list the applications of IGBT
6. Draw the layer diagram of SCR
7. Enumerate Reverse blocking ,Forward blocking, forward conduction mode
8. Define GTO and list its applications
9. Draw the layer structure of TRIAC and list its applications
10. state the preferred modes of turn-on of TRIAC
11. Draw the V-I characteristic curve of DIAC and list its applications
12. Draw the layer diagram of UJT and list the applicationsof UJT
Cognitive Level: UNDERSTAND

1. Describe the concept of power electronics.
2. Draw V –I characteristics of power diode and explain
3. Explain BJT switching characteristics
4. Explain with circuit diagram the operation of BJT as a switch
5. Explain the operation of N-channel enhancement MOSFET
6. Draw and Explain the structure of IGBT
7. Draw the layer diagram of SCR and explain the concept of two transistor analogy
8. Explain the static V-I characteristic curve of SCR
9. Explain the principle of operation GTO
10. Draw the layer structure of LASCR and explain its operation
11. Draw V-I characteristics & explain 4-Modes of turn on of TRIAC
12. Explain the operation of DIAC
13. Explain the construction of UJT
14. Draw & explain the V-I characteristics of UJT
15. List the differences between MOSFET, BJT and IGBT

CO2- Explain Thyristor control circuits
Unit 2 - SCR CONTROL CIRCUITS

1. Explain the methods of turn on of SCR
2. Draw and explain the general layout of firing circuit
3. Describe commutation
4. Identify the types of commutation
5. Explain line commutation and forced commutation
6. Explain Load commutation and complementary commutation
Cognitive Level: Analysis
1. Draw R firing circuit and explain with wave forms.

2. Draw R-C firing circuit and explain with wave forms
3. Draw synchronized UJT pulse trigger circuit and explain with waveforms
4. Draw the Digital firing scheme and explain with wave forms
CO3- Generalize the protection of Thyristors

Unit 3 -Ratings, Protection& mounting of thyristors
Cognitive Level: REMEMBER

1. Define reliability and MTBF
2. List the different types of mounting of SCR
1. Explain voltage and current ratings of SCR
2. Explain reliability of SCR
3. Describe how SCR can be protected against overvoltage and overcurrent, di/dt& dv/dt
4. Explain the different types of mounting of SCR
CO4- Analyze the working of DC and AC Converters
Unit 4 -CONVERTERS

1. Explain the types of power electronic converters
2. Explain single quadrant semi converter, two quadrant full converter and dual converter.
3. Explain two quadrant full converter
4. Explain dual converter
5. Explain smart power modules
6. Draw the circuit diagram of single phase Dual converter and explain the principle of
operation.

7. Explain the gating pulse requirement of 3 phase full converters
8. Draw the circuit of step down chopper and explain its operation
9. Draw the circuit of step up chopper and explain its operation
10. Draw the different chopper configurations- (A , B , C , D and E) and explain them
11. Explain VSI
12. Explain CSI
13. Explain cycloconverters

1. List the advantages and disadvantages of power electronic converters
2. Explain principle of phase control with waveforms for resistive load
3. Explain single phase full converter RLE type with continuous load current
4. Draw the circuit diagram of three phase bride converter and explain 180 conduction mode
with wave forms
5. List the differences between VSI and CSI
6. Draw the circuit diagram of half bride inverter and its operation with wave forms
7. Draw the circuit diagram of full bride inverter and its operation with wave forms
8. Draw the circuit diagram of three phase 180 0 mode voltage source inverter and its
operation with wave forms
9. Draw the circuit of midpoint step down cycloconverter and explain its operation with
waveforms
10. Draw the circuit of midpoint step up cycloconverter and explain its operation with
waveforms.
11. List the advantages and disadvantages of cyclo converters
CO5- Describe the operation of power supplies.

Unit V -POWER SUPPLIES AND STABILIZERS

1. Draw the Block diagram of SMPS and explain its operation
2. Draw the circuit diagram of Buck -boost converter (regulator) and explain its operation.
3. Describe the different types of power line disturbances
4. Describe how power conditioners provide effective suppressing of some or all electrical
disturbances
5. Describe the operation of relay type AC voltage stabilizer with the help of diagram.
6. Draw the diagram of AC servo voltage stabilizer and explain its operation
7. Draw the block diagram of OFF line UPS and explain its operation
8. Draw the block diagram of ON line UPS and explain its operation

1. List the applications of SMPS
2. List the sources and effects of power line disturbances
3. List the advantages and disadvantages of Relay type stabilizer
4. List the advantages and disadvantages of servo stabilizer
5. Determine Battery size and required voltage for UPS

CO6- Illustrate the applications of power Electronics
Unit VI–APPLICATIONS

1. Explain with block diagram static excitation system for alternators
2. Draw the schematic diagram of bi polar HVDC system and explain its operation
3. Draw the circuit diagram and explain single phase high frequency photo voltaic interfaceto
grid
4. Draw and explain the circuit for interconnection of wind and hydro generator
5. Draw the block diagram of interconnecting energy storage systems for utility load levelling
6. Draw the block diagram & explain the operation of Switch mode welder
7. Draw the block diagram and explain the operation of Voltage source series resonant
inverters in induction heating
8. Explain the operation of Thyristor switched capacitors and thyristor switched inductors
9. Draw the circuit and explain the operation of DC Solid state Relay using opto coupler
10. Draw the circuit and explain the operation of AC Solid state Relay using opto coupler
11. Draw the block diagram of High frequency lighting system and explain its operation.

1. Draw the circuit diagram of static AC circuit breaker and explain its operation with
waveforms
2. Explain speed control of shunt wound DC motor by armature voltage control method.
3. Explain with circuit diagram soft starting of Induction motor
4. Explain with circuit diagram static slip recovery
5. Explain speed control of Induction Motor by Variable voltage frequency method.
6. Draw the circuit diagram and explain the speed control of 3 phase slip ring induction
motor by static variation of external rotor resistance
7. Draw the circuit & explain SCR charger circuit for 12 V battery

Model Question Paper:
Code:15EE51T
Power Electronics
V Semester Examination
Diploma in Electrical and Electronics Engg.
Time: 3 Hours
Max Marks: 100
Note: i) Answer any SIX questions from PART - A. Each question caries 5 marks.
ii) Answer any SEVEN Questions from PART - B. Each question caries 10 marks.
PART – A
1. Draw the transfer characteristic curve and list the applications of MOSFET
2. Explain the principle of operation GTO
3. Explain the methods of turn on of SCR
4. Define reliability and MTBF
5. Explain Voltage source inverter
6. Draw the circuit diagram of half bride inverter and its operation
7. List the advantages and disadvantages of servo stabilizer
8. Explain the operation of Thyristor switched capacitors
9. Explain with circuit diagram soft starting of Induction motor
PART – B
10 (a)Draw &explain the V-I characteristics of UJT 5

(b) Explain with circuit diagram the operation of BJT as a switch 5
11 (a) Draw the V-I characteristic curve of DIAC and list its applications (5)
(b) Describe how SCR can be protected against overvoltage (5)
12 Draw the Digital firing scheme and explain with wave forms (10)
13 (a) List the sources and effects of power line disturbances (5)
(b) List the advantages and disadvantages of power electronic converters (5)
14 Draw the circuit diagram of single phase Dual converter and explain the principle of
operation.(10)
15 Draw the circuit diagram of three phase bride converter and explain 180 conduction
mode with wave forms (10)
16 Draw the Block diagram of SMPS and explain its operation
17 Explain Switched mode welder with diagram (10)
18 Explain speed control of Induction Motor by Variable voltage frequency method (10)
19 Draw the circuit diagram of static AC circuit breaker and explain its operation with
waveforms
XXXXXX

Course Title: TRANSMISION DISTRIBUTION

Course Code : 15EE52T
AND UTILISATION
Programme: Diploma in Electrical and Electronics Engg.
Pre-requisites: Knowledge about Basics of Electrical and Electronics Engineering ,

Electrical circuits, and Electrical power generation.
.
Course Objectives :
Explain transmission and distribution systems, analyse the performance of short transmission
lines, Understand the need for distribution automation and benefits, study the components and
functions of SCADA system, Understand different electric heating and electric welding
methods, types of air conditioning systems. Analyse the electric circuits of refrigeration and air
conditioner. Design illumination for class rooms, workshops and factories.
COURSE TOPICS:
Unit
Unit Name Hours
No
1 TRANSMISSION SYSTEMS 10
2 HVDC, FACTS AND SUB-STATIONS 08
3 DISTRIBUTION SYSTEMS 07
4 ELECTRIC HEATING AND WELDING 12
ELECTRO-CHEMICAL PROCESS,
5 08
REFRIGERATION AND AIR CONDITIONING
6 ILLUMINATION 07
Total 52
Directorate of Technical Education Karnataka State Page 1

Course Outcomes:
1. Explain the basic elements of transmission system, types of transmission system,

identify line constants and interpret the performance of short lines.
2. Explain basic elements of distribution system, types distribution lines, calculate
voltage drop in feeders and explain the functions of load dispatch station.
3. Explain HVDC transmission system and its components, understand the objectives of
FACTS and distribution automation.
4. Explain different types of heating and welding process.
5. Explain electro-plating application of electrical energy, different types of air
conditioning system and it components.
6. Design illumination scheme for class rooms, workshops and factories

Sl. Total Marks

No. (Out of 145)
1 Remembering 10 15
3 Application/ Analysis 40 60
Total 100 145

CL Linked Teaching Hrs

Course Outcome
PO
Explain the basic elements of
transmission system, types of
CO1 transmission system , identify line R/U/A 2, 10 10
constants and interpret the
performance of short lines.
Explain basic elements of distribution
system , types distribution lines,
CO2 calculate voltage drop in feeders and R/U/A 2, 5,10 08
explain the functions of load dispatch
station.
Explain HVDC transmission system
and its components, understand the
CO3 R/U 2, 5, 10 07
objectives of FACTS and distribution
automation.
Explain different types of heating and
CO4 welding process. U/A 2,10 12
Explain electro-plating application of

electrical energy, identify different
types of air conditioning system and 2, 10 08
C05 R/U/A
it components.
Design illumination scheme for class

rooms, workshops and factories
C06 R/U/A 2, 5, 6, 10 07
Total sessions 52

Questions to Questions to
be set for be set for
Max.
(5marks ) (10marks) Marks
Unit Marks
Unit Name Hour PART - A PART - B weightage
No per
(%)
Unit
R U A R U A
TRANSMISSION
1 10 30 1 1 - 0.5 1 0.5 19 %
SYSTEMS
HVDC, FACTS AND

2 08 20 1 1 - 0.5 0.5 - 15 %
SUB-STATIONS
DISTRIBUTION
3 07 20 1 - 0.5 0.5 0.5 14 %
SYSTEMS
ELECTRIC
4 HEATING AND 12 35 1 1 - 0.5 1.5 1 23 %
WELDING
ELECTRO-
CHEMICAL
PROCESS,
5 08 20 0.5 0.5 - 0.5 0.5 - 15 %
REFRIGERATION
ANDAIR
CONDITIONING
6 ILLUMINATION 07 20 1 - 0.5 0.5 0.5 14 %
9 10 100
Total 52 145

Programme Outcomes
Course
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
Transmission
Distribution
and
- 3 - - 2 1 - - - 3
Utilization

Course Content:
UNIT –I
TRANSMSSION SYSTEMS (10 Hrs)
AC transmission and distribution system – Schematic layout diagram, standard transmission

and distribution voltages, Advantages and limitations of High voltage transmission, various
systems for power transmission and distribution- 2 wire DC, 2 wire AC, 3 wire AC and 3
phase 4 wire AC systems ,Transmission through overhead and UG system, compare overhead
and UG system. Compare HVDC and HVAC system.
OVERHEAD TRANSMISSION LINES: Main components of overhead transmission lines,
Classification of transmission lines based on distance, Line constants -resistance, inductance
and capacitance. Short transmission line- equivalent circuit, vector diagram, equations for
receiving end voltage, efficiency, voltage regulation and power factor - simple problems.
Corona- definition, formation, factors affecting corona, advantages and disadvantages,
methods to reduce corona. Meaning of skin effect and Ferranti effect. Transposition of
conductors.
UNDERGROUND TRANSMISSION LINES: Classification of UG cables, types of cables,
general construction of a single core UG cable, construction of 3 core XLPE cables. Essential
properties required for insulating material of UG cables. Methods of laying UG cables. Faults
in UG cable.
UNIT –II
HVDC, FACTS and SUBSTATIONS (08 Hrs)
HVDC transmission: Block diagram, main components, advantages of HVDC transmission,

Limitations of HVDC transmission, Types of HVDC links.
FACTS Controllers- Definition, Objectives, Basic types of FACTS controllers and their
functions.
SUBSTATIONS:-Meaning of substation, classification, comparison between outdoor and
indoor substation, single line diagram of 220KV/66 KV MUSS, components of substation,
Bus bar arrangement- list the types- single bus with and without sectionalisation, double bus
bar and ring main system. Importance of interconnecting in large power systems. Function of
Load Dispatch Stations.
UNIT –III
DISTRIBUTION SYSTEMS (07 Hrs)
Single line diagram of AC distribution system, Classification of AC distribution system,

connection schemes of distribution system- radial, ring main and interconnected systems.
Meaning of Feeder, distributor and service main, characteristics of Feeder, distributor and
service main. Concept of voltage drop in feeders/distributors - simple problem on DC
distributor fed at one end.
Distribution Automation- Objectives/Need, functions and benefits.
SCADA- Block diagram, components of SCADA and their functions and advantages of
SCADA.

UNIT –IV
ELECTRICAL HEATING AND WELDING (12 Hrs)
ELECTRICAL HEATING: Different types of domestic heating appliances, Advantages of

electric heating , methods of electrical heating, resistance heating-direct and indirect method,
requirement of good heating element, temperature control methods of resistance heating. Arc
heating- types- direct and indirect method, Induction heating-types- power frequency, high
frequency, high frequency eddy current. Applications of eddy current heating. Di-electric
heating- principle and applications. Microwave heating-principle only.
ELECTRIC WELDING: Definition , types- resistance and arc welding , resistance welding
list the types-spot welding and seam welding ,Arc welding- list the types, AC arc welding
machine, Mention the special type of welding-laser welding.
UNIT –V
ELECTRO CHEMICAL PROCESS, REFRIGERATION AND

AIR CONDITIONING (08 Hrs)
ELECTRO CHEMICAL PROCESS- Principles of electro deposition, laws of electrolysis,

Electro plating, Factors affecting Electro plating, Factors governing Electro better electro
deposition.
REFRIGERATION AND AIR CONDITIONING-

Meaning of refrigeration, types of refrigerants, State properties of refrigerants, vapour
compression refrigerator, electric circuit of domestic refrigerator. Necessity of thermostat,
defrosting-types of defrosting, need for air conditioning, principle of air conditioning,
electrical circuit for air conditioning unit, types of air conditioning system.
UNIT –VI
ILLUMINATION (07 Hrs)
Laws of Illumination, define – solid angle, luminous flux and luminous intensity and
illumination,, source of light- types of lamps-florescent lamp, mercury vapour lamp and
sodium vapour lamp, lighting schemes- street lighting , flood lighting, direct, indirect ,semi-
direct lighting and semi –indirect system . Design of lighting scheme-utilization factor,
depreciation factor, space to height ratio- simple problems on design of lighting for class
room and auditorium, requirements of good illumination- list the factors.

Reference Books:
1. Transmission, distribution and utilization – vol 3 B.L Thereja and A.K.Theraja.
2. Principles of Power System” by V. K. Mehta, Rohit Mehta S. Chand Publishers, 4th
Revised edition 2008
3. Electrical Power Generation Transmission and Distribution by S.N.Singh, PHI
Publication
4. Transmission and Distribution of Electric Power by J.B Gupta Katsons Publications.
5. Electric Power Distribution Automation by M.K Khedkar, University Science Press
(Laxmi Publications)
6. Power System Operation and Control by Dr.B.R Gupta, S.Chand Publishers.
7. Utilisation of Electric power and electric traction by G. C. Garg, Khanna Publishers,
New Delhi.
8. Utilisation of Electrical Power by R K Rajput, Laxmi Publications Pvt. Ltd, New
Delhi.
e-Resources:
1. Magazines-ABB Review-u Pictures of the Future by Siemens
2. www.abb.com/review,www.siemens.com/pof
3. www.newnespress.com
4. www.youtube.com/
5. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/
6. www.schenieder.com
Course Delivery:

Course
To Max Evidence
es
Three IA tests
for Theory:
(Average Blue
I A Tests 20 1 to 6
Evaluation)
Tests to be
Students
computed).
CIE
Direct Assessment
Student Report of
05 1 to 6
Activity
TOTAL 25
(Semester End
Examination)
Answer
Students
End Of the
SEE

Course
BTE

Assessment

course The Course
Students
Indirect
End Of The
Course

semester
Methods.

Lesson No./
Contents Duration
Session No.
TRANSMISSION SYSTEM 10Hrs
Unit I
Explain AC transmission and distribution system with typical

single line diagram, mention standard transmission and
1. 01 Hour
distribution voltages. List the advantages and limitations of
transmission at high voltage.
Various systems for power transmission and distribution- 2

2. wire DC, Single phase 2 wire AC, 3 wire AC and 3 phase 4 01 Hour
wire AC systems and their applications.
Explain transmission through overhead transmission

3. lines.Main components of overhead transmission lines.Explain 01 Hour
the steps involved in erection of transmission tower.
Explain transmission through UG transmission system,

4. compare overhead and UG system. Compare HVDC and 01 Hour
HVAC system
Classification of UG cables, Essential properties of insulating
material used in for UG cables, list the types UG cables based
5. on construction. Explain with diagram the general construction 01 Hour
of a single core UG cable.
Explain with diagram the construction of 3 core XLPE cable.

6. List and explain the methods of laying UG cable, mention 01 Hour
their merits and de-merits. List the faults in UG cables.
Classification of transmission lines based on distance, explain
line constants - resistance, inductance and capacitance. Short
transmission line- equivalent circuit, vector diagram, write the
7. 01 Hour
equations for receiving end voltage, efficiency, voltage
regulation and power factor.
8. Simple problems on performance of short transmission lines. 01 Hour
Explain Corona, formation of corona, factors affecting corona,

9. 01 Hour
advantages and disadvantages, methods to reduce corona.
Meaning of skin effect and Ferranti effect.

10. Explain transposition of conductors with diagram 01 Hour

Unit II HVDC, FACTS and SUBSTATIONS 08 Hrs
HVDC transmission lines-block diagram, list and explain the 01 Hour

11.
functions of main components of HVDC transmission system.
Types of HVDC links –monopolar, bipolar and Homo-polar

12. DC link. Advantages of HVDC transmission, Limitations of 01 Hour
HVDC transmission.
FACTS Controllers- Definition, Objectives, Basic types of 01 Hour

13.
FACTS controllers and their functions.
Meaning of substation and receiving station and their 01 Hour

14. functions, Classification of substations, Comparison between
outdoor and indoor substation.
Draw single line diagram of 220KV/66 KV MUSS.

15. List the main components of substation and mention their 01 Hour
functions.
Bus bar arrangement- list the types- explain with diagram 01 Hour
16.
single bus arrangement with and without sectionalisation,
Explain with diagram double bus double breaker and ring 01 Hour
17.
main bus bar arrangements.
Explain the importance of interconnecting substations in large 01 Hour

18.
power systems. Functions of Load Dispatch Stations.
Unit III DISTRIBUTION SYSTEM 07Hrs

Classification of distribution system.
19. Explain with diagram AC distribution system. 01 Hour
List and explain the connection schemes of distribution 01 Hour

20.
system- radial, ring main and interconnected systems.
Distinguish between Feeder, distributor and service main.

21. List the characteristics of Feeder, distributor and service main. 01 Hour
22. Concept of voltage drop in feeders/distributors 01 Hour
Solve simple problems on DC distributor fed at one end.

23. 01 Hour

Distribution Automation– List the objectives/Need , functions
24. and benefits. 01 Hour
SCADA- Block diagram, components of SCADA and their

25. functions .Advantages and dis-advantages of SCADA. 01 Hour
12
Unit IV ELECTRIC HEATING AND WELDING
Hrs
List the domestic and industrial applications of electric heating

and the advantages of electric heating. Differentiate the
26. methods of heat transfer- conduction, convection and 01 Hour
radiation.
Classification of electrical heating.

Explain with diagram direct and indirect methods of resistance
27. 01 Hour
heating. Mention their applications.
Requirement of good heating element. List and explain

28. temperature control methods of resistance furnace with 01 Hour
diagrams.
Explain with diagram direct and indirect arc furnace.
29. Mention their application. Ref:1 , page no. 1843. Fig. 47.11 01 Hour
Induction heating-types- explain with diagram core type

induction furnace. List the advantages and disadvantages.
30. 01 Hour
Mention the applications.Ref:1 page no. 1846
Explain with diagram coreless type induction furnace. List the

advantages and disadvantages. Mention the applications.
31. 01 Hour
Ref:1 page no. 1849
Explain with diagram high frequency eddy current heating.

32. List the advantages and applications of eddy current heating. 01 Hour
Di-electric heating- Explain the principle, list the advantages.

33. Mention the applications of dielectric heating. 01 Hour
34. Explain the principle (only) of microwave heating. 01 Hour
Define welding. List the types of electric welding.

Resistance welding- types- explain with diagram spot welding
35. 01 Hour
and seam welding. Mention their applications.
Explain with diagram AC arc welding machine (welding

36. 01 Hour
transformer). Mention the advantages and dis-advantages.

Ref :1 page no. 1871, fig. 48.14
Special type of welding – Explain laser welding with diagram.

37. Mention the applications. List the advantages of laser welding. 01 Hour
ELECTRO-CHEMICAL PROCESS, REFRIGERATION

Unit V AND AIR CONDITIONING 08 Hrs
Meaning of electro plating, Explain principle of electro

38. 01 Hour
deposition, State faradays laws of electrolysis.
List and explain the factors affecting the amount of electro

deposition. List and explain the factors governing better
39. 01 Hour
electro deposition. Mention the applications of electroplating.
Define refrigeration. List the types of refrigerants.

40. State properties of refrigerants. 01 Hour
Explain with diagram the working of vapour compression

41. refrigerator. 01 Hour
Explain the electric circuit of domestic refrigerator.

Explain the necessity of thermostat. Explain the working of
42. 01 Hour
thermostat.
Define defrosting. List and explain the types of defrosting.

43. 01 Hour
Explain- air conditioning, need for air conditioning and
principle of air conditioning. Explain with neat sketch window
44. 01 Hour
type of air conditioning system
Explain with neat sketch split type of air conditioning system.

45. 01 Hour
Explain with neat sketch centralized air conditioning system.
Unit VI ILLUMINATION 07 Hrs
Define – plane angle, solid angle, luminous flux and luminous

intensity, illumination, reflection factor and lamp efficiency.
46. 01 Hour
Explain utilization factor (co-efficient of utilization), space to
height ratio and depreciation factor.
State and explain the Laws of Illumination- Inverse square law
and cosine law.
47. List the requirements/ factors affecting of good lighting. 01 Hour
List the source of light and types of lamps.
Explain the construction and working of High pressure

48. 01 Hour
mercury vapour lamp.

Explain the construction and working of High pressure sodium
49. 01 hour
vapour lamp.
Explain the lighting schemes-direct, indirect, semi-direct
50. 01 Hour
lighting, semi –indirect system and flood lighting.
51. Design illumination for a class room. Ref:1 page no.1922 01 Hour
52. Design illumination for a workshop. Ref:1 page no.1921 01 Hour

Student Activity (any one to be submitted with 3 pages self HAND WRITTEN report):
1. Visit nearby transmission system ,identify the different parts and submit a report.
2. Prepare a report on new technologies used in OH lines and UG cables.
3. Prepare a report on latest trends in power transmission.
4. Prepare a report on VSC-HVDC power transmission.
5. Prepare a report on SCADA vs Distribution automation.
6. Prepare a report on Smart Grid distribution system.
7. Prepare a report on latest trends in electrical heating.
8. Prepare a report on latest trends in Welding technology.
9. Prepare a report on latest trends in Refrigeration and Air conditioning.
10. Prepare a report on latest trends in Electro plating.
11. Prepare a report on latest trends in Illumination technologies.
12. Visit nearby substation and submit a report.

sion (Group of five
students)
1 2 3 4 5 1 2 3 4 5

Grand Average/Total

on (Five students)
1 2 3 4 5 1 2 345

exact.
≈4

Test/Date and
Time
Ex: I test/6 th week

20
of sem 10-11 Am Year:
Questio
n no
1
2
3
4


st th
1 Test/ 6 week, Transmission Distribution and
V SEM, E & E Engg
DD/MM/YY Utilisation 20
10-11 AM Year: 2015-16 Course code: 15EE52T
Instruction :(1). Answer all questions (2). Each question carries five marks
Question
Question CL CO PO
No.
1 Explain AC transmission and distribution system with a single line
diagram. R 1 2, 10
2 Explain voltage regulation and transmission line efficiency.

U 1 2, 10
3 Distinguish between Feeder, distributor and service main. U
2 2, 10
4 Explain voltage drop in feeders. A 2 2, 10


Course Title: TRANSMISION DISTRIBUTION AND

UTILISATION Course Code: 15EE52T
Unit 1 –TRANSMISSION SYSTEM
Cognitive Level: REMEMBER, UNDERSTAND
1) Explain the typical ac power supply scheme (single line diagram of typical ac
power supply scheme)
2) Compare DC and AC power transmission.
3) List the advantages and limitations of High transmission voltage.
4) Classify the various types of for power transmission system.
5) Explain briefly the different elements of transmission line.
6) Explain voltage regulationand efficiency.
7) List the standard voltages used for Transmission systems.
8) Explain briefly the main components of overhead lines.
9) Explain briefly desirable properties of Insulators.
10) Define Corona and its formation.
11) List the factors affecting corona.
12) List the advantages and disadvantages of Corona.
13) List the methods to reduce corona.
14) Explain briefly Constants of a transmission line.
15) Explain voltage regulation and transmission efficiency
16) Explain Short transmission lines with vector diagram.
17) Explain Skin effect and Ferranti effects.
18) Classify the UG cables based on construction.
19) Explain requirements of insulating materials used in UG cables.
20) Explain construction of a 3 core UG cable.
21) Classify the UG cables based on voltage.
22) Explain with diagram the construction of XLPE cable.
23) List the types of cable faults

Unit 2 –HVDC, FACTS AND SUBSTATIONS
Cognitive Level: UNDERSTAND, APPLICATION
24) Briefly explain the principle of HVDC system operation with sketch.
25) List the advantages and limitations of HVDC transmission.
26) Compare HVAC and HVDC transmission.
27) Briefly explain types of DC links with diagrams.
28) Explain Monopolar DC link with diagram.
29) Explain Bipolar DC link with diagram.
30) Explain Homopolar DC link with diagram.
31) Briefly explain Flexible AC Transmission systems (FACTS).
32) State objectives of FACTS.
33) Name the different types of FACTS controllers with functions.
34) Explain the functions of Substation.
35) Classify the substations.
36) Compare outdoor and indoor substations.
Unit 3–DISTRIBUTION SYSTEM
37) Explain the single line diagram of low tension distribution system.
38) Explain the different classes of distribution systems.
39) Explain with sketch the AC Primary distribution system.
40) Draw the AC Secondary distribution system.
41) Explain the AC Secondary distribution system.
42) Explain the different forms of DC distribution system.
43) Explain the 2 wire dc system.
44) Explain the 3 wire dc system.
45) Compare overhead versus underground system.
46) Explain briefly the different connection schemes of distribution system.
47) Explain with sketch Radial distribution system.
48) Explain with sketch Ring main distribution system.
49) Explain with sketch Interconnected distribution system.
50) Explain briefly the requirements of a distribution system.

51) Explain the design considerations in distribution system.
52) State the need for Distribution automation.
53) List the characteristics of Distribution automation.
54) List the functions of Distribution automation.
55) List the benefits of Distribution automation.
56) Explain the block diagram of SCADA.
57) List the advantages of SCADA.
58) List the functions of SCADA.
Unit 4 - ELECTRICAL HEATING AND WELDING
59) List the domestic and industrial applications of electric heating.

60) Explain the modes of heat transfer in brief.
61) Classify different methods of Electric heating
62) Explain with sketch Direct resistance heating
63) Explain with sketch Indirect resistance heating
64) List the materials used for heating element
65) Explain the material requirements for making heating elements.
66) Explain the causes for failure of heating elements
67) Explain the different methods of temperature control with diagrams.
68) List the types of arc furnaces.
69) Explain with sketch Direct Arc furnace.
70) Explain with sketch indirect Arc furnace
71) List the types of induction furnaces
72) Explain induction heating.
73) Explain core less induction furnaces.
74) Explain core type induction furnaces.
75) List the applications induction furnaces
76) Explain microwave heating.
77) List the advantages of microwave heating.
78) List the application of microwave heating

Unit 5 -ELECTRO CHEMICAL PROCESS REFRIGERATION AND AIR
CONDITIONING.
Cognitive Level: REMEMBER, UNDERSTAND, APPLICATION
79) Explain refrigeration.

80) List the types of refrigerants.
81) State properties of refrigerants
82) Describe the working system of vapour compression refrigerator
83) Explain the electric circuit of domestic refrigerator.
84) Explain the necessity of thermostat.
85) Explain the working of thermostat.
86) Explain defrosting.
87) List the types of defrosting.
88) Explain different types of defrosting.
89) Explain the need of air conditioning.
90) Explain the principle of air conditioning
91) Draw the associated electrical circuit for air conditioning unit and explain its
working
92) Explain with neat sketch window type of air conditioning system
93) Explain with neat sketch split AC system
94) Explain with neat sketch centralized AC system
95) Explain the term welding.
96) Mention the different types of welding
97) Explain the different methods of electric resistance welding and list their
applications.
98) Explain the principle of electric ARC welding
99) Explain welding transformer with reactance coil.
100) List the types of electric arc welding.
101) Explain the meaning of electro plating
102) Mention the necessity of electro plating
103) Explain principle of electro deposition.
104) Mention the applications of electroplating and explain in brief.
105) State faradays laws of electrolysis.

106) Explain the following factors affecting the amount of electro deposition a)
Time b) Efficiency c) Current d) Strength of solution
107) Explain the following factors governing better of electro deposition
a) Electrolytic concentration b) Temperature c)) Strength of solution d) Addition
of agents e) Nature of electrolyte f) nature of the metal upon which deposition
is to be made g) throwing power.
108) Define a) Flux b) Solid angle c) Luminous intensity d) illumination e)
Depreciation factor f) Reflection factor g) Coefficient of utilization h) space
height ratio.
Unit VI- ILLUMINATION

Cognitive Level: REMEMBER, UNDERSTAND, APPLICATION
109) Define a) Flux b) Solid angle c) Luminous intensity d) illumination e)
Depreciation factor f) Reflection factor g) Coefficient of utilization h) space
height ratio
110) State and explain the laws of illumination a) Inverse square law b) cosine law
111) Design lighting scheme for workshop- problem.
112) Design lighting scheme for class room- problem.
113) Design lighting scheme for factory- problem.
114) Explain the construction and working of Sodium Vapour Lamp
115) Explain the construction and working of Mercury vapour lamp
116) Explain the requirements of good lighting.

Model Question Paper: Code: 15EE52T
TRANSMISION DISTRIBUTION AND UTILISATION

V Semester Examination
Diploma in Electrical and Electronics Engg.
Time: 3 Hours
Max Marks: 100
Note: i) Answer any SIX questions from PART - A. Each question caries 5 marks.
ii) Answer any SEVEN Questions from PART - B. Each question caries 10 marks.
PART – A
1) Classify the various systems for power transmission.

2) State the standard voltages used for transmission and distribution.
3) Classify the UG cables based on voltage.
4) List the components of HVDC transmission system.
5) Explain the different types of AC distribution system.
6) List the functions of Distribution automation.
7) List the advantages of Direct Arc furnace.
8) List the advantages of high frequency core less induction furnaces
9) Explain welding transformer with reactance coil.
PART – B
10) (a) Explain long transmission line with simple diagram (6 M)

(b) Briefly explain line constants. (4 M)
11) (a) Explain with diagram the construction of 3 corer UG cable. (6 M)

(b) List the types of cable faults (4 M)
12) (a) Briefly explain the operation of HVDC with a block diagram (6 M)
(b) List the objectives of FACTS. (4 M)
13) (a) Explain the AC Secondary distribution system. (6 M)

(b) State the need for Distribution automation. (4 M)
14) (a) Explain SCADA with block diagram. (6 M)

(b) Classify different methods of Electric heating (4 M)

15) (a) List the types of induction furnaces (4 M)
(b) Explain microwave heating. (6 M)
16) (a) List the properties of refrigerants. (4 M)

(b) (6 M)
Explain diagram with electrical circuit of air conditioning unit..
17) (a) Explain with diagram the working of vapour compression refrigerator. (6 M)
(b) Mention the necessity of electro plating (4 M)
18) (a) State and explain the laws of illumination (6 M)

List the types of electric arc welding. (4 M)
(b)
19) (a) Explain indirect lighting scheme with a neat sketch. (4M)
(b) Design the lighting scheme for a class room ( problem to be given) (6 M)
*****************

Course Title: SWITCHGEAR AND PROTECTION Course Code : 15EE53T

Teaching Scheme (L:T:P) : 4:0:0 (in Hours) Credits : 4 Credits
Type of course : Lecture + Assignments Total Contact Hours : 52
Pre-requisites :Electrical Machines, Transmission and Distribution, Fundamentals on Analog

electronics and Digital electronics
Course Objectives : To study the principles, concepts of switchgear & protection. To emphasize
on various type of relays and circuit breakers
Course Topics:
Unit
Unit Name Hours
No
1 Fundamentals of Protection 07
2 Fuse and Circuit Breakers 14
3 Protective Relays 12
4 Protection of Generators and Transformers 08
5 Protection of Feeders and Bus-Bars 05
6 Substation and Maintenance 06
Total 52
Directorate Of Technical Education Karnataka State Page 1

Course Outcomes
On successful completion of the course, the students will be able to,
1. Acquire knowledge in the field of sources and effect of short circuit current and
calculations
2. Understand the construction and working of Fuse and circuit breakers
3. Understand protective relays
4. Analyze the faults and protection for the Alternators and Transformers
5. Analyze the faults and protection for the Feeders and Bus-Bars
6. Understand layout of Substations, neutral earthing, testing of CB, CT and PT.

Sl. Weightage (%) Total Marks

Educational Component
No. (Out of 145)
1 Remembering 15 30
3 Application/ Analysis 25 55
Total 100 145

Teaching
Course Outcome CL Linked PO
Hrs
Acquire knowledge in the field of sources
CO1 and effect of short circuit current and R/U/A 2, 5, 10 7
calculations
Understand the construction and working
CO2 R/U/A 2, 10 14
of Fuse and circuit breakers
CO3 Understand protective relays R/U 2, 5, 10 12
Analyze the faults and protection for the

CO4 U/A 2, 5, 10 8
Alternators and Transformers
Analyze the faults and protection for the
C05 U/A 2, 5, 10 5
Feeders and Bus-Bars
Understand layout of Substations and
neutral earthing and testing of CB, CT and
C06 R/U 2, 5, 10 6
PT.
Total 52

Questions Questions to
Max. 5 10 to be set be set for Marks
Un R/U/ Marks Marks Marks for Weigh
Unit Name Hour
it A per Qns. Qns. (5marks ) (10marks) tage
Unit PART - A PART - B (%)
Part A Part B R U A R U A
Fundamental
1 s of R/U/A 7 20 2 1 1 1 0 0 1 14
Protection
Fuse and
Circuit
2 R/U/A 14 40 2 3 1 1 1 2 0 28
Breakers
Protective
3 R/U 12 35 2 2.5 1 1 0.5 2 0 24
Relays
Protection of
Generators
4 U/A 8 20 1 1.5 1 0.5 1 0 14
and
Transformers
Protection of
5 Feeders and U/A 5 15 1 1 1 0 1 0 10
Bus-Bars
Substation
and
6 R/U 6 15 1 1 1 0 1 0 10
Maintenance
9 10
TOTAL 52 145 9 10
Programme Outcomes
Course
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
Switchgear
and 0 3 0 0 3 0 0 0 0 3
Protection
LEVEL 3- HIGHLY ADDRESSED, LEVEL 2-MODERATELY ADDRESSED, LEVEL 1-LOW ADDRESSED.

METHOD IS TO RELATE THE LEVEL OF PO WITH THE NUMBER OF HOURS DEVOTED TO THE COS WHICH ADDRESS THE GIVEN PO.
IF >40% OF CLASSROOM SESSIONS ADDRESSING A PARTICULAR PO, IT IS CONSIDERED THAT PO IS ADDRESSED AT LEVEL 3
IF 25 TO 40% OF CLASSROOM SESSIONS ADDRESSING A PARTICULAR PO, IT IS CONSIDERED THAT PO IS ADDRESSED AT LEVEL 2

Course Contents:
Unit I
Fundamentals of Protection 07hrs

Sources of Fault Power, Illustrate the Phenomena of Short Circuit with the help of a general
circuit diagram, Types of faults &Harmful Effects of short circuit current, Symmetrical Faults
on Three Phase Systems, Importance of calculation of Short Circuit Current, Define
Percentage reactance and Base KVA, Meaning of Reactor, Use of current limiting reactors &
their arrangements, List the steps for Symmetrical Fault Calculations, Simple Problems on
Symmetrical Fault Calculations.
Causes of over voltages, Lighting phenomena &over voltage due to lightning
Types of lightning arresters and surge absorbers- their Construction and principle of
operation.
(Reference Book: Principles of Power System” by V. K. Mehta, Rohit Mehta S. Chand, 4th
revised edition 2008)
Unit II
Fuse and Circuit Breakers 14hrs

Meaning of Switchgear, Essential features of Switchgear, List different Switchgear
equipment used for switching and interruption of current. Differences between Indoor and
Outdoor type Switchgear.
Desirable Characteristics of Fuse elements, Types of Fuses, Fuse Element Materials
Important Terms: Current Rating of Fuse element, Fusing current, Fusing factor, Prospective
current, cut off current , Pre Arcing Time, Arcing Time, Breaking Capacity, Total Operating
Time.
HRC fuses –construction, types, working, Merits, Demerits and applications
Arc formation process, methods of arc extinction, working of Circuit Breaker by Trip Circuit
Mechanism, Circuit Breaker rating.
Explain the terminologies – Arc-Voltage, arching Time, Pre –Arching Time, Prospective
Current, TRV, Recovery Voltage, RRRV, Total Break Time
Circuit breakers-Concept, Classification, Working principle, Construction, Merits, Demerits
& Applications of OCB (Plain oil), ACB(Axial blast, cross blast),SF6 (Sulphur Hexa-
fluoride) CB, Non Puffer Type, Vacuum CB.
Maintenance Schedule of OCB, ACB, SF6 and VCB Circuit Breakers
reveised edition 2008)
Unit III
Protective Relays 12hrs

Relay definition, required qualities of Protective Relaying, Necessity for Protection, Primary
and Back up protection, Classification of protective Relaying, Important Terms: Pickup
current, current setting, PSM, TSM, Time -PSM Curve
Construction and working of Induction type Non-directional over current relay
Introduction of Static relay, merits and Limitations, Static Type Over Current Relay,
Comparison of Static Relays with Electro-Magnetic Relays

Block diagram and working of Microprocessor based Over Current Relay
Differential relay- Principle of operation, Current differential and Voltage balanced
Differential relay
Distance relays: Definite distance and Time-distance Impedance Relay
Introduction to Numerical relays, Block diagram, working, Advantages of Numerical relays
and different types
List different Testing Methods for Relays
(Reference Book: Madhava Rao T.S., 'Power System Protection - Static Relays', McGraw
Hill, New Delhi,2nd Edition, 21st reprinted, 2008.
Power System Protection And Switchgear by Buvanesh A Oza, Nirmalkumar C Nair ,Rases P
Mehta and Vijay H Makwana, McGraw HILL Education(India Pvt. Ltd) Newdelhi)
Unit IV
Protection of Alternators and Transformers 08hrs

Protection of Alternators- Abnormalities & Faults
Differential protection, Balanced Earth Fault Protection, Stator Inter Turn Protection
Protection of Transformers- Abnormalities & Faults
Protective Systems for Transformers, Buchholz Relay, Earth Fault or Leakage Protection,
Combined Leakage and Overload Protection, Circulating Current Scheme for Transformers
Protection
Unit V
Protection of Feeders and Bus-Bars 05hrs

Feeder Protection- Abnormalities & Faults, Time Graded Over Current Protection,
Differential Pilot – Wire Protection, Basic principle of Distance Protection
Bus – Bar Protection- Abnormalities & Faults, Differential Protection of Bus –Bars.
Unit VI
Substation and Maintenance 06hrs

Explain the indoor and outdoor type substation, Identify the various units of substation,
Testing methods of Circuit Breakers, Testing methods of CT’s & PT’s, Maintenance
Schedule of Relays, Neutral Earthing - Introduction, Types & its importance. Substation
Earthing, Principle and applications of Peterson coil.
(Reference Book: Testing, commissioning, operation and maintenance of electrical

equipment by Sunil S Rao, Khanna Publications
Power System Protection and Switchgear by Buvanesh A Oza, Nirmalkumar C Nair, Rases P
Mehta and Vijay H Makwana, McGraw Hill Education (India Pvt. Ltd) New Delhi)

Reference Books:
1) Principles of Power System” by V. K. Mehta, Rohit Mehta S. Chand, 4th reveised

edition 2008
2) Power System Protection And Switchgear by Buvanesh A Oza, Nirmalkumar C Nair
,Rases P Mehta and Vijay H Makwana, McGraw HILL Education(India Pvt. Ltd)
Newdelhi
3) J.B.Gupta “Switchgear & Protection”, (edition), Katson Publisher,2008
4) MadhavaRao T.S., 'Power System Protection - Static Relays', McGraw Hill, New
Delhi,2nd Edition, 21st reprinted, 2008.
5) Handbook of Switchgears by BHEL
6) Testing , commissioning , operation and maintenance of electrical equipment by
Sunil S Rao ,Khanna Publications
E-Resources:
1. http://www.pdfsdocuments.com/testing-commissioning-operation-maintenance-
electrical-equipments.pdf
2. YOUTUBE VEDIOS ON CIRCUIT BREAKERS
3. YOUTUBE VEDIOS ON PROTECTIVE RELAYS
4. NPTEL VEDIOS ON SWITCHGEAR PROTECTION

Course Delivery:
The Course will be delivered through Lectures, Classroom Interaction, Animations, Group
Discussion, Exercises and Assignments.
Course Assessment and Evaluation Scheme:

To Max Evidence Course
What Frequency
Whom Marks Collected Outcomes
Three tests
I A Tests (average of 20 Blue Books 1 to 6

three)
Evaluation)
Students
Hand
CIE
Student
Direct Assessment
05 written 1 to 6
Activity
report
TOTAL 25
(Semester End
Examination)
Answer
End Of the
SEE
End Exam Students 100 Scripts at 1 to 6

Course
BTE

Assessment
course The Course

Indirect
Students Questionnaire 1 to 6
End Of The
End Of Course Survey
Course
Note: I.A. test shall be conducted for 20 marks. Average marks of three tests shall be rounded off to
the next higher digit.
Note to IA verifier: The following documents to be verified by CIE verifier at the end of semester
Methods.

Suggested Student activity:
A student has to prepare a handwritten report on any one of the activity suggested in a blue
book or spiral binding form.
1. Identify various faults on the power system other than faults studied in the curriculum
2. Identify various Unsymmetrical faults on the power system other than faults studied
in the curriculum
3. Identify the components of different types of circuit breakers used in LV & HV side
with their specifications (through visits, video or model).
4. Study of specification of lightning arresters of different manufacturers through
Brochures / Literature
5. Study latest types of over/under voltage relays, differential and distance relays using
static relays ,microprocessor based and numerical relays
6. Identify various faults in motors, Relays and Circuit Breakers and relevant protection
schemes

sion (Group of five
students)
1 2 3 4 5 1 2 3 4 5

Grand Average/Total

on (Five students)
1 2 3 4 5 1 2 345

exact.
≈4

SWITCHGEAR AND
Ex: I test/6 th week of V SEM
PROTECTION 20
sem 10-11 Am
Year:
Name of Course coordinator : Units:__ CO’s:____
Question
no
1
2
3
4


SWITCHGEAR AND
1st Test/ 6 th week, V SEM, E & E Engg.
PROTECTION 20
10-11 AM
Year: 2016-17 Course code:15EE53T
Instruction :(1). Answer all questions (2). Each question carries five marks
Question
Question CL CO PO
No.
1 List the Harmful Effects of short circuit current R 1 2,5,10
2 The below figure shows single line diagram of a 3-pase systems. The A 1 2,5,10
percentage reactance of each alternator is based on its own capacity.
Find the short circuit current that will flow into a complete 3-phase
short circuit at F
[OR]
A 3-phase, 20MVA, 10KV alternator as internal reactance of 5% and
negligible reactance. Find the external reactance per phase to be A 1 2,5,10
connected in series with the alternator so that steady current on
short circuit does not exceed 8 times the full load current
3 State Merits and Demerits of : R 2 2,10

1. OCB
2. ACB
3. SF6 CB
4 Explain construction and working of Puffer Type SF6 CB U 2 2,10
[OR]
U 2 2,10
Explain construction and working of VACUUM CB

COURSE CONTENT DELIVERY:
Lesson
no/Topic Unit Session/Duration
no
I Fundamentals of Protection 07hrs
Sources of Fault Power, Illustrate the Phenomena of Short Circuit

1 01
with the help of a general circuit diagram
Types of faults & Harmful Effects of short circuit current,
2 01
Symmetrical Faults on Three Phase Systems
Importance of calculation of Short Circuit Current, Define
3 01
Percentage reactance and Base KVA, Meaning of Reactor
Use of current limiting reactors & their arrangements, List the steps
4 01
for Symmetrical Fault Calculations
5 Simple Problems on Symmetrical Fault Calculations. 01
Causes of over voltages, Lighting phenomena &over voltage due to

6 01
lightning, Types of lightning arresters
Lightning arresters & surge absorbers & their Construction &
7 01
principle of operation.
II Fuse and Circuit Breakers 14hrs
Meaning of Switchgear , Essential features of Switchgear, List

8 different Switchgear equipment used for switching and interruption 01
of current
Explain Differences between Indoor type and Outdoor type
9 Switchgear 01
Desirable Characteristics of Fuse elements, Types of Fuses, Fuse

10 01
Element Materials
Important Terms: Current Rating of Fuse element, Fusing current,
11
Fusing factor, Prospective current, cut off current , Pre Arcing Time, 01
Arcing Time, Breaking Capacity, Total Operating Time.
HRC fuses –construction, types, working, Merits, demerits and 01
12
applications
13 Arc formation process, methods of arc extinction (HT & LT Method) 01

Circuit Breaker rating, Explain the terminologies – Arc-Voltage,
14 arching Time, Pre –Arching Time, Prospective Current, TRV, 01
Recovery Voltage, RRRV, Total Break Time
Working of Circuit Breaker by Trip Circuit Mechanism,
15 01
Classification of Circuit Breakers
Working principle, Construction, Merits, Demerits & Applications of

16 01
Plain Break Oil CB

17 01
ACB (Axial blast, cross blast)

18 01
Puffer Type SF6 CB

19 01
Non Puffer Type SF6CB

20 01
VACUUM CB
21 Maintenance Schedule of OCB,ACB, SF6 and VCB Circuit Breakers 01
III Protective Relays 12hrs
Relay definition, required qualities of Protective Relaying, Necessity

22 01
for Protection
Primary and Back up protection, Classification of protective
23 Relaying, Important Terms: Pickup current, current setting, P S M, T 01
S M, Time P S M Curve
Construction and working of Induction type Non-directional over
24 01
current relay
Introduction of Static relay, Static Type Over Current Relay, merits

25 01
and Limitations
Block diagram and working of Microprocessor based Over Current

26 01
Relay
Comparison of Static Relays with Electro-Magnetic Relays and

27 01
microprocessor based relays
Differential relay- Principle of operation, sketch and working of

28 01
Current differential and Voltage balanced Differential relay
Differential relay- Principle of operation, sketch and working of

29 01
Voltage balanced Differential relay

Distance relays: Construction and working of Definite distance
30 01
Impedance Relay
31 Construction and working of Time-distance Impedance Relay 01
Introduction to Numerical relays ,Advantages of Numerical relays

32 01
and different types
33 List and explain different Testing Methods for Relays 01
IV Protection of Alternators and Transformers 08hrs
Types of Protection of Alternators, Explain Abnormalities & List

34 01
different types of Faults
Construction and working Differential protection, Construction and

35 01
working Balanced Earth Fault Protection
36 Construction and working Stator Inter Turn Protection 01
Types of Protection of Transformers, Explain Abnormalities & List

37 01
different types of Faults
38 Construction and working of Buchholz Relay 01
Construction and working of Earth Fault or Leakage Protection

39 01
Systems for Transformers
Construction and working of Combined Leakage and Overload

40 01
Protection
Construction and working of Circulating Current Scheme for

41 01
Transformers Protection
V Protection of Feeders and Bus-Bars 05 hrs
Feeder Protection, Explain Abnormalities & List different types of

42 Faults 01
Time Graded Over Current Protection on transmission line
43 Construction and working of Differential Pilot – Wire Protection 01
44 Discuss Basic principle of Distance Protection 01

Bus – Bar Protection, Explain Abnormalities & List different types of
45 01
Faults
46 Construction and working of Differential Protection of Bus -Bars 01
VI Substation and Maintenance 06 hrs
Explain the indoor and outdoor type substation

47 01
Identify the various units of substation
List Testing methods of Circuit Breaker, Explain type test and

48 01
routine test & maintenance
List & Explain Testing methods of CT’s & PT’s and Maintenance of
49 01
Relays
50 Introduction, Types &Importance of Neutral Earthing 01
Explain Substation Earthing (Solid, Resistance and Reactance

51 Earthing) 01
52 Explain Principle and applications Peterson coil. 01

MODEL QUESTION BANK
Code: 15EE53T
V Semester Diploma Examination
SWITCHGEAR AND PROTECTION
CO1 Acquire knowledge in the field of sources and effect of short circuit current
and calculations
UNIT-I Fundamentals of protection
Cognitive Level: Remember
1. List the types of faults with diagram

2. List the Harmful Effects of short circuit current
3. Define Percentage reactance and Base KVA
4. List Use of current limiting reactors and their arrangements
5. List steps for Symmetrical Fault Calculations
6. List Methods of Voltage and Reactive Power Control
7. List Causes of over voltages
8. List Types of lightning arresters
Cognitive Level: Understanding
1. Explain Sources of Fault Power

2. Explain Phenomena of Short Circuit with the help of a general circuit diagram
3. Explain Importance of calculation of Short Circuit Current
4. Explain Power and Frequency Characteristics of Interconnected systems
5. Explain methods of Reactive power control
6. Explain Lighting phenomena
7. Explain over voltage due to lightning
8. Explain Rod gap arrestor and Horn gap arrestor.
9. Explain Oxide Film Type and Thyrite Arrestor.
10. Explain surge absorbers
Cognitive Level: Application/Analyze
11. The below figure shows single line diagram of a 3-pase systems. The percentage
reactance of each alternator is based on its own capacity. Find the short circuit current
that will flow into a complete 3-phase short circuit at F

12. A 3-phase, 20MVA, 10KV alternator as internal reactance of 5% and negligible reactance.
Find the external reactance per phase to be connected in series with the alternator so
that steady current on short circuit does not exceed 8 times the full load current
13.A 3phase transmission line operating at 10 kV and having a resistance of 1ohm and
reactance of 4Ohm is connected to the generating station bus-bars through 5MVA step
up transformer having a reactance of 5%. The bus-bars are supplied by 10 MVA
alternators having 10% reactance. Calculate the short-circuit kVA fed at symmetrical
fault between phases if it occurs A) At the load end of transmission line
B) At the high voltage terminal of the transformer
14. The plant capacity of a 3-phase generating station consists of two 10,000kVA generators
of reactance 12% each and one 5000kVA generator of reactance 18%. The generators
are connected to the station bus-bars from which load is taken through tree 5000kVA
step-up transformers having a reactance 5%. Determine t reactance 12%e maximum
fault MVA which t reactance 12%e circuit breakers on(i) low voltage side (ii) high
voltage side
CO2 Understand the construction and working of Fuse and circuit breakers
UNIT-II- Fuse and Circuit Breakers
1. List different Switchgear equipment

2. List Differences between Indoor type and Outdoor type Switchgear
3. List Desirable Characteristics of Fuse elements
4. List Fuse Element Materials
5. State Merits and Demerits of HRC fuse
6. List any 3 Application of HRC fuse
7. List the different methods of arc extinction
8. List different circuit breakers
9. List the Features of Intelligent Circuit Breaker
10. State Merits and Demerits of Plain oil OCB
11. State Merits and Demerits of Air circuit breaker
12. State Merits and Demerits of SF6 CB
13. State Merits and Demerits of Vacuum Circuit breaker
14. List the Applications of OCB
15. List the Applications of ACB
16. List the Applications of SF6 CB
17. List the Applications of VCB
18. Lists the steps in maintenance of OCB
19. Lists the steps in maintenance of SF6 CB
20. Lists the steps in maintenance of ACB
21. Define breaking capacity, making capacity and Sort time rating
22. Lists the steps in maintenance of VCB

23. Explain Essential features of Switchgear

24. Explain Switchgear equipment
25. Explain terms: Terms: Current Rating of Fuse element, Fusing current, Fusing factor,
Prospective current, cut off current , Pre Arcing Time, Arcing Time, Breaking Capacity,
Total Operating Time.
26. Explain construction and working of HRC fuse
27. Explain the different methods of arc extinction
28. Explain Arc Extinction phenomena in CB by high resistance method
29. Illustrate the working of Circuit Breaker by Trip Circuit Mechanism
30. Explain circuit breaker rating
31. Explain the terminologies – Arc-Voltage, arching Time, Pre –Arching Time, Prospective
Current, T R V, Recovery Voltage, R RR V, Total Break Time
32. Explain Working principle of Circuit Breakers
33. Explain construction and working of Plain oil OCB ACB
34. Explain construction and working of Axial blast ACB
35. Explain construction and working of cross blast ACB
36. Explain construction and working of Puffer Type SF6 CB
37. Explain construction and working of Non Puffer Type SF6 CB
38. Explain construction and working of VACUUM CB
39. Differentiate between fuse and circuit breaker.
Cognitive Level: Application/Analyze

1. Compare fuse and circuit breaker.
2. Explain Working principle of Circuit Breakers
3. Explain Essential features of Switchgear
4. Explain Switchgear equipment
5. Explain terms: Terms: Current Rating of Fuse element, Fusing current, Fusing factor,
Prospective current, cut off current , Pre Arcing Time, Arcing Time, Breaking Capacity,
Total Operating Time.
6. Explain construction and working of HRC fuse
7. Explain the different methods of arc extinction
8. Explain breaking capacity of CB
9. Explain making capacityof CB
10. Explain Sort time ratingof CB
CO3 Analyze the faults and protection for the Alternators and Transformers
UNIT-III Protective Relays
1. Define Relay
2. List different requirements of Protective Relays
3. List different types of protective Relaying
4. List the applications of Static Relays
5. List the applications of Microprocessor based Relays
6. Explain the Necessity for Protection
7. List the different types of Numerical relays
8. List the Advantages of Numerical relays

9. List the testing methods on Relays
10. Explain Primary and Back up protection

11. Explain terms: Pickup current, current setting, P S M, T S M, Time P S M Curve
12. Explain construction and working of Induction type Non-directional over current relay
13. Explain construction and working of Static Type Over Current Relay
14. Compare Static Relays with Electro-Magnetic Relays
15. Explain with block diagram Microprocessor based Over Current Relay
16. Explain with a neat sketch the working of Voltage balance differential Relay
17. Explain with a neat sketch the working of Current differential Relay
18. Explain with a neat sketch the working of Definite Distance Type Impedance Relays
19. Explain with a neat sketch the working of Time-distance Impedance Relay
20. Draw block diagram of Numerical relays
21. Compare Static relays and Microprocessor based relays
CO4 Understand the construction and working of Fuse and circuit breakers
UNIT-IV Protection of Generators and Transformers
1. Explain with a neat sketch construction and working of Differential protection of

alternators
2. Explain with a neat sketch construction and working of , Balanced Earth Fault Protection
of alternators
3. Explain with a neat sketch construction and working of Stator Inter Turn Protection of
alternators
4. Explain with a neat sketch construction and working of Buchholz Relay
5. Explain with a neat sketch construction and working of Earth Fault or Leakage
Protection of Transformers
6. Explain with a neat sketch construction and working of Combined Leakage and Overload
7. Explain with a neat sketch construction and working of Circulating Current Scheme for
Transformers Protection
Cognitive Level: Application/ Analyze
1. Explain various Abnormalities occurs in Alternators

2. Explain various Abnormalities occurs in Transformers
3. List different types of faults in alternator
4. List different types of faults in Transformers

CO5 Analyze the faults and protection for the Feeders and Bus-Bars
UNIT-V Protection of Feeders and Bus-Bars
1. Explain Time Graded Protection for Radial Feeders

2. Explain with a neat sketch construction and working of Differential Pilot – Wire
Protection
3. Explain basic distance protection scheme for protection of lines.
4. List different types of faults in Bus – Bars
5. Explain Differential Protection of Bus –Bars
6. Explain theImportance of Protection of Lines and Bus –Bars
Cognitive Level: Application/ Analyze
1. Explain various Abnormalities occurs in Transmission lines

2. Explain various Abnormalities occurs in Bus – Bars
3. List different types of faults in Transmission lines
4. List different types of faults in Bus – Bars
CO6 Understand layout of Substations, neutral earthing, testing of CB, CT and PT.
UNIT-VI Substation and Maintenance
1. List the tests conducted on Circuit Breakers

2. List the steps to Maintenance of Circuit Breakers
3. List the Testing methods of CT’s & PT’s
4. List the steps to Maintenance of Relays
5. List importance of Neutral Earthing
6. List the application of Peterson coil
7. List the methods of sub-station Earthing
1. Explain the indoor and outdoor type substation

2. Explain Type Test and Routine Test
3. Explain Maintainance schedule of relays
4. Explain Neutral Earthing
5. Explain Solid, Resistance and Reactance Earthing
6. Explain Peterson coil
------------------------------------------------

Model Question Paper:
Code: 15EE53T
V Semester Diploma Examination
SWITCHGEAR AND PROTECTION
[Time: 3 Hours] [Max.Marks: 100]
Note: (i) Answer any SIX questions from Part – A.(Each question carries 5 marks)
(ii) Answer any SEVEN questions from Part – B. (Each question carries 10 marks)
PART - A
1 List the Harmful Effects of short circuit current 5
2 Explain methods of Reactive power control 5
3 Explain the different methods of arc extinction 5

Explain terms: Terms: Current Rating of Fuse element, Fusing current, Fusing factor, Prospective
4 5
current, cut off current , Pre Arcing Time, Arcing Time, Breaking Capacity, Total Operating Time.
5 List different requirements of Protective Relays 5
6 Explain terms: Pickup current, current setting, P S M, T S M, Time P S M Curve 5

i. Explain various Abnormalities occurs in Alternators
7 5
ii. Explain various Abnormalities occurs in Transformers
i. List different types of faults in Transmission lines
8 5
ii. List different types of faults in Bus – Bars
Lists the steps in maintenance of Circuit Breakers
9 5
PART - B
A 3phase transmission line operating at 10 kV and having a resistance of 1ohm and reactance of
4Ohm is connected to the generating station bus-bars through 5MVA step up transformer having
a reactance of 5%. The bus-bars are supplied by 10 MVA alternators having 10% reactance.
Calculate the short-circuit kVA fed at symmetrical fault between phases if it occurs A) At the load
end of transmission line B) At the high voltage terminal of the transformer
1 10
i. List Desirable Characteristics of Fuse elements 5

2
ii. State Merits and Demerits of HRC fuse 5
i. Explain construction and working of Plain oil OCB ACB 5
3
ii. State Merits and Demerits of Plain oil OCB 5
i. Explain construction and working ofnon Puffer Type SF6 CB 5
4
ii. List the maintenance of SF6 CB 5
i. Explain the Necessity for Protection 5
5
ii. List different types of faults in Transformers 5
i. Explain with block diagram Microprocessor based Over Current Relay 5
6
ii. List any 4 applications of Microprocessor based Relay 5
i. Explain construction and working of Static Type Over Current Relay 5
7
ii. Compare Static Relays with Electro-Magnetic Relays 5
8 i. Explain with a neat sketch construction and working of Differential protection of 5

alternators
ii. Explain with a neat sketch construction and working of Earth Fault or Leakage 5
i. Explain Time Graded Protection for Radial Feeders 5
9
ii. Explain Differential Protection of Bus –Bars 5
i. Explain Solid Earthing 5
10
ii. Explain Peterson coil 5

Course Title:
Course Code :15EE54T
ELECTRICAL ESTIMATION AND COSTING
CIE : 25 Marks SEE :100 Marks
Programme: Diploma in Electrical and Electronics Engineering.
Pre-requisites : Knowledge about Elements of Electrical Engineering ,

Engineering Drawing, Electrical Wiring and Professional Ethics.
Course Objectives : To enable the students to prepare the schedule of materials with
specifications and estimates for different types of electrical
installations.
COURSE TOPICS:
Unit
Unit Name Hours
No
1 Introduction 05
2 Service Mains 10
3 Lighting Installations 12
4 Power Installations 08
5 Distribution lines and Transformer centre 10
6 Transmission lines and substations 07
Total 52

Course Outcomes:
1. Summarize the importance of estimation, specification and earthing.

2. Prepare the schedule of materials with specifications and estimates for service mains.
3. Draw the wiring plan for residential buildings, Prepare the schedule of materials with
specifications and estimates for lighting Installations.
4. Draw the layout of machines with wiring plan for workshops. Prepare the schedule of
materials with specifications and estimates for power insulation.
5. Prepare the schedule of materials with specifications for Distribution lines and
estimates for transformer centre.
6. Prepare the schedule of materials with specifications for transmission lines and
substations.

Sl. Total Marks

No.
1 Remembering 30 30
3 Application/ Analysis/Create 40 40
Total 100 100

Linked
Course Outcome CL PO
Teaching Hrs
CO1 Summarize the importance of R/U 2,5,10 5

estimation, specification and earthing
Prepare the schedule of materials with

CO2
specifications and estimates for R/U/A 2,10 10
service mains.
Draw the wiring plan for residential

CO3 buildings, Prepare the schedule of R/U/A 2,10 12
materials with specifications and
estimates for lighting Installations.
Draw the layout of machines and

CO4 wiring plan for workshops. Prepare R/U/A 2,10 8
the schedule of materials with
specifications for power insulation.

C05 R/U/A 2,10 10
specifications for Distribution lines
and estimates for transformer centre.

C06 R/U/A 2,10 7
specifications for transmission lines
and substations.
Total sessions 52

Questions to be
set as per
Max. weightage Marks
Unit
Unit Name Hour Marks allotted for each weightage
No
per Unit chapter (%)
R U A
1 Introduction. 05 10 0.5 0.5 10
2 Service Mains 10 20 0.5 0.5 1 20
3 Lighting Installations 12 25 0.5 0.5 1.5 25
4 Power Installations 08 15 0.5 0.5 0.5 15

Distribution lines and
5 10 20 0.5 0.5 1 20
Transformer centre
Transmission lines and
6 07 10 0.5 0.5 10
substations
6 100
Total 52 145
(100Marks)
Note: In the question paper pattern in SEE, Internal choice should be given
from units 5 and 6

Programme Outcomes
Course
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
ELECTRICAL
ESTIMATION
-0 3 -0 0- 1 0 0 0 0 3
AND
COSTING
Method is to relate the level of PO with the number of hours devoted to the COs which address the given
PO.
If 25 to 40% of classroom sessions addressing a particular PO, it is considered that PO is addressed at Level
2
If < 5% of classroom sessions addressing a particular PO, it is considered that PO is considered not-
addressed.

Course Content:
UNIT I
INTRODUCTION 05 HRS
Meaning of estimation, purpose of estimating and the factors to be considered while

preparing estimations, qualities of a good estimator, Meaning of specification, importance of
specification and the factors to be considered. Meaning of standardization and its advantages.
Meaning of overhead charges, stock incidental charges, contingencies, supervision charges,
labour charges, Inspection/Inspectorate charges, transportation charges and miscellaneous
charges. Meaning of tender/tender notice, quotation, comparative statement, purchase order
and work order. Importance / purpose of IE Act and IE Rules.
Meaning of earthing, touch potential and step potential, necessity of earthing, Points to be
earthed, factors influencing earth resistance, methods of reducing earth resistance, standard
values of earth resistance for various installations, method of selecting the size of earth
conductor, types /methods of earthing, Pipe earthing-diagram, specifications of pipe earthing,
Plate earthing-diagram and specifications of plate earthing.
UNIT II
SERVICE MAINS 05 HRS
Meaning of service mains, code of Practice for service mains, types of service mains- Over
Head Service Mains -materials and specifications, UG Service Mains -materials and
specifications, Standard wire size table, current ratings for Aluminium, copper conductors
and selection of size of conduit pipe as per the size and number of wires.
Load calculation, selection of size and type of conductor/UG cable, discrimination of size
of protective devices, Quantity calculation, schedules of materials and estimates for
single phase OH service connection, three phase OH service connection, single phase UG
service connection and three phase UG service connection.
UNIT III
LIGHTING INSTALLATIONS 12 HRS.
Interior Wiring types and their applications, factors to be considered while selecting the type
of wiring system, materials required for Interior wiring and their specifications, Code of
Practice for Lighting Installations, method of deciding the number of sub-circuits, calculating
the quantity of wiring materials and accessories for the Interior Wiring, load calculations for
a residential buildings, size of conductors, main switch, sub switches and protective devices.
Draw wiring plan for AEH Installation, concept of horizontal run, vertical rise and vertical
drop. Prepare the schedule of materials for providing lighting and heating circuits and their
estimates. Procedure for converting lighting to AEH installation.
UNIT IV
POWER INSTALLATIONS 08 HRS
Code of Practice for Power Installations, materials required for power circuit wiring and
their specifications, Prepare the layout diagram of machines showing clearances as per IS
standards, draw wiring plan of the Power circuit for workshops, Decide the type of wiring

system, load calculations, determine the size of conductors, main switch, Isolators, sub
switches and protective devices, Draw the SLD of Power Distribution Scheme showing
grading/discrimination of ratings of protective devices, Prepare the schedule of materials with
specifications for workshops and their estimates, Determine the rating of motor for IP set and
the concept (only)of pump house wiring.
UNIT V
DISTRIBUTION LINES AND TRANSFORMER CENTRE 10 HOURS
Code of practice for Distribution Lines and Transformer centre, types of transformer centres -
Pole mounted, plinth mounted, indoor and outdoor types. Determining the rating of
Distribution Transformer. Write Specifications of the Distribution Transformer. Draw the
SLD of a Transformer centre indicating the size of protective devices, Prepare the schedule of
equipments /Materials with specifications for a 11KV/415V,100 KVA transformer centre and
their estimates, 415 V LT line materials and specifications , method of calculating various LT
line materials (only). Prepare the schedule of materials (only) for 3 phase 4 wire LT line,
11 KV HT Line-materials and their specifications, method of calculating various HT line
materials and tapping structure, TOPO sheet and its use, Concept of combined estimates.
Prepare the schedule of materials (only) for 11 KV single circuit HT line for Rural
Electrification.
(Note: HT lines over head type only)
UNIT VI
TRANSMISSION LINES AND SUBSTATIONS 07 HRS
Code of practice for Transmission lines and substations, transmission line materials and their
specifications, types of Towers, ACSR conductors and Number of Disc insulators in
suspension string, strain string, span and height of towers for 66 KV, 110 KV, 220 KV
transmission lines, concept of single circuit and double circuit transmission lines, method of
calculating the Quantity of transmission line materials, Prepare the schedule of materials
(only) for 66 KV,110 KV and 220 KV single circuit transmission lines. 66KV/11KV, 5 MVA
Substations- Single Line diagram, list of Electrical equipments/ materials (only) and their
specifications.

Reference Books:
Sl Title of the book Author Publisher

No.
01 Electrical Design Estimating K.B.Raina&K.Battacharya. Khanna Publications.
and Costing.
02 Electrical Installation J.B.Gupta S.K.Kataria and Sons
Estimating and Costing.
03 Electrical Wiring, Dr.S.L.Uppal New age international (p)
Estimating and Costing. limited
04 Electrical Estimating and Surjit Singh DhanpatRai company.

costing.
05 Electrical Estimating and N.Alagappan Tata McGraw Hill
Costing. and Ekambaram
06 Electrical wiring, B.D.Arora R.B. Publication.
Estimating and costing
07 Electrical Estimating M. RaghunathRao Eastern Book Promoters

Specification and Costing Belgaum (EBPB)
e-Resources:
1. http://www.electricaltechnology.org/2015/05/earthing-and-electrical-grounding-types-of-
earthing.html
2. file:///C:/Users/Dell/Downloads/guidelines%20for%20electrical%20wiring%20in%20resident
ial%20buildings%20.pdf
3. http://www.cpwd.gov.in/Publication/Internal2013.pdf
4. http://bescom.org/wp-content/uploads/2013/01/PDFFILE1.pdf
5. http://mptransco.nic.in/tender_files/volume-v.pdf (Transmission Line Materials and
Installation work.)
6. https://www.ergon.com.au/__data/assets/pdf_file/0004/146839/NI000401R121-Subs-
Design-Manual.pdf

Course Delivery:
Course
To Max Evidence
es
Three IA tests
for Theory:
(Average Blue
I A Tests 20 1 to 6
Evaluation)
Tests to be
Students
computed).
CIE
Direct Assessment
Student Report of
05 1 to 6
Activity
TOTAL 25
(Semester End
Examination)
Answer
Students
End Of the
SEE

Course
BTE

Assessment

course The Course
Students
Indirect
End Of The
Course

semester
Methods.

Contents Duration
INTRODUCTION 05 Hours
Unit I
Define estimation, explain the purpose of estimating and list the
factors to be considered while preparing estimations. Discuss and
1. list the qualities of a good estimator. 01 Hour
Define specification, explain the importance of Specifications
and list the factors to be considered.
Define standardization, List the advantages of standardization,
Explain overhead charges, stock incidental charges,
2. contingencies , supervision charges, labour charges, 01 Hour
Inspection/Inspectorate charges , transportation charges and
miscellaneous charges.
Explain tender/tender notice, quotation, comparative statement,
3. purchase order and work order. 01 Hour
Explain the importance/purpose of I.E Act and I.E Rules.
Define the terms - earthing ,touch potential and step potential,
explain the necessity of earthing, list the Points to be earthed,
point out the factors influencing earth resistance, list the methods 01 Hour
4.
of reducing earth resistance, classify standard values of earth
resistance for various installations.
Specify the method of selecting the size of earth conductor.
List the types /methods of Earthing.
Explain Pipe earthing with diagram .
01 Hour
5. Write the specifications of pipe earthing
Explain Plate earthing with diagram.
Write the specifications of plate earthing.
Unit II SERVICE MAINS 10 Hours
Define service mains. 01 Hour
6.
List the code of Practice for service mains.
List the types of service mains-Explain Over Head Service Mains 01 Hour
7. with diagram. List the materials. Write the specification of
materials.
Explain UG Service Mains with diagram. List the materials. 01 Hour
8.
Write the specifications of materials.
Interpret standard wire size table, current ratings for Aluminium 01 Hour
9. copper conductors and selection of size of conduit pipe as per the
size and number of wires.
Explain the general procedure for - Load calculation, 01 Hour
selection of size and type of conductor/UG cable,
10.
discrimination of size of protective devices; decide the nature
of supply and type of service main.
Solve one simple example- Quantity calculation and 01 Hour
schedules of materials for providing single phase OH
11.
service connection for electrification of a residential
building.

12. Prepare the estimate of cost for the above. 01 Hour
Solve one simple example- Quantity calculation and schedule 01 hour

of materials for providing three phase OH service
13.
connection for electrification of a commercial building.
Prepare the estimate of cost for the above.
Solve one simple example-Quantity calculation and schedule 01 hour
of material for providing single phase UG service
14.
connection for Electrification of a residential building.
Solve one simple example-Quantity calculation and schedule 01 Hour
of material for providing three phase UG service
15. connection for Electrification of a workshop.
Unit III LIGHTING INSTALLATION 12 Hours

List code of Practice for Lighting Installations. 01 Hour
Interior Wiring - List the types and their applications. Point out
16.
the factors to be considered while selecting the type of wiring
system.
List the materials required for Interior wiring. Write their 01 Hour
specifications. Specify the method of deciding the number of
17.
sub-circuits, calculating the quantity of wiring materials and
accessories for the Interior Wiring.
Solve one simple example on Interior wiring with single 01 Hour
circuit- calculate the load-Propose Lighting and heating loads
18.
for a residential building. Determine the size of conductors, main
switch, sub switches and protective devices.
Draw wiring plan for the above residential building for AEH 01 Hour
19. Installation. Explain the concept of horizontal run, vertical rise
and vertical drop.
Prepare the schedule of materials for providing lighting circuit 01 Hour
20.
wiring for the above.
21. Estimate the cost for the above lighting circuit. 01 Hour
Prepare the schedule of materials for providing heating circuit 01 Hour
22. wiring for the above. Determine the size of conductors, main
23. Estimate the cost for the above heating circuit wiring. 01 Hour
Solve one simple example on Interior wiring having 2 sub- 01 Hour

circuits (lighting load greater than 800 W).Draw the wiring
24. plan , calculate the load - Propose Lighting and heating loads for
a residential building. Determine the size of conductors, main
25. Prepare the schedule of materials for the above. 01 Hour

27. Procedure (only) for converting lighting to AEH installation. 01 Hour
Unit IV POWER INSTALLATIONS 08 Hours

List code of Practice for Power Installations.
28. List the materials required for power circuit wiring. 01 Hour
Write their specifications.
Solve one example - Prepare the layout diagram of machines 01 Hour
29.
showing clearances as per IS standards.
Solve one simple example -Draw wiring plan of the Power
30. 01 Hour
circuit for a small workshop with one machines of 10 HP rating.
Decide the type of wiring system.
Explain the procedure for- load calculations, determine the size
01 Hour
31. of conductors, main switch, Isolators, sub switches and
protective devices for the above.
Draw the SLD of Power Distribution Scheme showing 01 Hour
32.
grading/discrimination of ratings of protective devices.
Prepare the schedule of materials with specifications for the 01 Hour
33.
above the workshop. Use surface conduit system.
Determine the rating of motor for IP set. 01 Hour

35.
Explain the concept (only) of pump house wiring.
Unit V DISTRIBUTION LINES AND TRANSFORMER CENTRE 10 Hours
36. List code of practice for Distribution Lines. 01 Hour
Transformer centre –Describe the types- Pole mounted, plinth 01 Hour

37.
mounted, indoor and outdoor types.
Solve one simple example on determining the rating of
38. Distribution Transformer. Write Specifications of the 01 Hour
Distribution Transformer.
Draw the SLD of a Transformer centre indicating the size of
protective devices. Prepare the schedule of equipments / 01 Hour
39.
Materials with specifications for a 11KV/415V, 100 KVA
transformer centre.
40. Prepare estimate of cost for the above transformer centre. 01 Hour
415 V LT lines- List the Materials (only) with specifications and 01 Hour
41.
specify the method of calculating various LT line materials.
Prepare the schedule of materials (only) for 3 phase 4 wire LT 01 Hour
42.
line for Electrification of a factory. One simple example.
11 KV HT Lines (over head type) only- List the Materials with
01 Hour
43. specifications.
Specify the method of calculating various HT line materials.
Explain tapping structure and list the materials required for
44. tapping structure. Describe TOPO sheet and its use. Discuss the 01 Hour
concept of combined estimate.
Prepare the schedule of materials (only) for 11 KV single circuit 01 Hour
45.
HT line for Rural Electrification. One simple example.

Unit VI TRANSMISSION LINES AND SUBSTATIONS 07 Hours
List the code of practice for Transmission lines. 01 Hour
46.
List the transmission line materials and write their specifications.
Classify the types of Towers, ACSR conductors and Number of
Disc insulators in suspension string, strain string, span and height
of towers for 66 KV, 110 KV, 220 KV transmission lines. 01 Hour
47.
Explain the concept of single circuit and double circuit
transmission lines. Specify the method of calculating the
Quantity of transmission line materials.
Solve one simple example-Prepare the schedule of materials 01 Hour
48.
(only) for 66KV single circuit transmission line.
Solve one simple example-Prepare the schedule of materials 01 Hour
49.
(only) for110 KV single circuit transmission line.
Solve one simple example- Prepare the schedule of materials 01 Hour
50.
(only) for 220 KV single circuit transmission line.
66KV/11KV, 5 MVA substations- Draw the Single Line 01 Hour
51.
diagram and label the various equipments with ratings.
66KV/11KV, 5 MVA substations- list the Electrical equipments/ 01 Hour
52.
materials (only) and write their specifications.

Suggested Student Activities:
(Any one to be submitted with 3 pages SELF HAND WRITTEN report):
1. Study the construction and working of chemical earthing and maintenance free
earthing.
2. Draw the wiring plan of class rooms in a school/college (say 5 to10 class rooms)
and prepare the estimate of cost for providing lighting circuit wiring.
3. Draw the wiring plan for an office and estimate the cost for providing lighting and
power circuits.
4. Draw the wiring plan of an auditorium and estimate the cost of lighting circuit
wiring. Study the illumination system/ type of
5. Visit the lathe machine shop or workshop in the polytechnic campus, prepare the
layout plan of machines, draw the wiring plan of power circuit and estimate its
cost.
6. Draw the distribution board /panel of your polytechnic. Draw the single line
diagram of power distribution scheme and show the details of rating of MCBs,
fuses and switches.
7. Study the distribution board, draw the (SLD) single line diagram of power
distribution scheme in apartments/commercial buildings/hospitals/hotels. Show the
details of rating of MCBs, fuses and switches.
8. Study the external electrical wiring of UPS and prepare estimate of cost for
installation of UPS.
9. Draw the wiring plan of a 3BHK apartment, calculate the load and estimate the
cost for providing lighting and heating circuits for Multi-storey (say 5 floors).
10. Visit electrical shops, identify the products displayed, know the specifications and
collect the price list of electrical items/accessories used in lighting and heating
circuits. Compare the prices of different makes.
11. Study the office procedures followed by section officers/junior engineers of
electricity boards for tenders, estimation and execution of electrical works.
12. Study the electrical wiring of submersible pump sets. Estimate the cost.


sion (Group of five
students)
1 2 3 4 5 1 2 3 4 5

Grand Average/Total

on (Five students)
1 2 3 4 5 1 2 345

exact.
≈4

Test/Date and
Time
Ex: I test/6 th weak I/II SEM

20
of sem 10-11 Am Year:
Questio
n no
1
2
3
4

ELECTRICAL ESTIMATION
V sem, EE
1st Test/6th week AND COSTING 20
Year: 2016-17 Course code:15EE54T
Units Covered :
Course Outcomes :
Instruction : (1). Answer all questions
Questi MARKS
Question CL CO PO
on No.
1 List the factors to be considered while preparing estimates.
5 R 1 2,10
2 Sketch Pipe earthing and label the parts
OR U/
5 1 2,10
Explain the importance/purpose of I.E Act and I.E Rules. A
3 Prepare the schedule of materials only for providing OH service

connection to a residential building with 1 KW lighting and 2.5 U
10 2 2,10
KW heating load. The supplier pole is 10 m away from the
U
building.
CL: Cognitive Level, R-Remember, U-Understand, A-Application/Analyze, PO: Program Outcomes

THE QUESTIONS SHALL BE FRAMED AS PER THE WEIGHTAGE GIVEN
BELOW.
Unit Marks
Unit Hours
No
1 Introduction 05 10
2 Service Mains 10 20
3 Lighting Installations 12 25
4 Power Installations 08 15
5 Distribution lines and Transformer
10 20
centre
6 Transmission lines and substations 07 10
Total 52 100

Course Title: ELECTRICAL ESTIMATION AND COSTING Course Code: 15EE63T
5 Marks Questions
CO1- Summarize the importance of estimation, specification and earthing.
CO2- Prepare the schedule of materials with specifications and estimates for service
mains.
CO3- Draw the wiring plan for residential buildings, Prepare the schedule of
materials with specifications and estimates for lighting Installations.
CO4- Draw the layout of machines with wiring plan for workshops. Prepare the
schedule of materials with specifications and estimates for power insulation.
CO5- Prepare the schedule of materials with specifications for Distribution lines and
estimates for transformer centre.
CO6- Prepare the schedule of materials with specifications for transmission lines and
substations.
Cognitive level: REMEMBERING (UNIT-1 TO UNIT-6)

1) Define estimation. List the factors to be considered while estimating.
2) List the qualities of a good estimator.
3) List the importance of estimation.
4) Define specification. List the factors to be considered.
5) Mention the importance of specification.
6) Define standardization. List the advantages.
7) Define earthing?. List the points that need to be earthed.
8) Draw a neat diagram of pipe earthing and label the parts.
9) Draw a neat diagram of plate earthing and label the parts.
10) List the specification of pipe earthing
11) List the specifications of plate earthing.
12) List the factors on which earth resistance depends.
13) List the methods of reducing earth resistance.
14) Define service mains. List their types.
15) List the code of practice for service mains.
16) List the specification of conductor used in OH service main
17) List the specification of UG cable used in UG service main.

18) Draw a neat diagram of OH service main and label the parts.
19) Draw a neat diagram of UG service main and label the parts.
20) List the specifications of energy meter board.
21) List the specifications of fuse used service mains.
22) List the specification of MCB used in service mains.
23) List the code of practice for lighting installation.
24) List the types of interior wiring and their applications.
25) Point out the factors to be considered while selecting the type of wiring system.
26) List the specification for main switch used in power installations.
27) List the code of practice for power installation.
28) List the specifications of capacitor bank for 10HP power installation.
29) List the specifications of main control panel used in power installation.
30) List the specification of ELCB used in power installations.
31) List the code of practice of distribution lines.
32) List the specifications of a distribution transformer.
33) List the specifications of poles used in distribution lines.
34) List the specifications of GOS used in transformer centre.
35) List the specifications of lightening arrestor used in transformer centre.
36) List the specifications of the insulators used in distribution system.
37) List the specifications of conductors used in distribution lines.
38) Decide the rating of distribution transformer to supply a factory with 40HP load.
39) List the code of practice for transmission lines.
40) List the specifications of tower used in transmission lines.
41) List the specifications of power conductors used in transmission lines.
42) List the specifications of insulators used in transmission lines.
43) List the specifications of lightening arrestor used in 66KV /11 KV substations.
44) List the specifications of power transformer used in 66KV /11 KV substations.
45) List the specifications of the circuit breaker used in 66KV /11 KV substations.
46) List the specifications of CT used in 66KV /11 KV substations.
47) List the specifications of PT used in 66KV /11 KV substations.
48) List the specifications of DC supply and batteries used in 66KV/11KV substations.
49) List the specifications of a relay used in 66KV/11KV substations.
50) List the specifications of lightening arrestor used in 66KV/11KV substations.

CO1- Summarize the importance of estimation, specification and earthing.
Unit-1- Cognitive level: Understanding/Analyse

10 marks question on Introduction
1. Draw neat diagram of pipe earthing and label the parts with specifications. 10
2. Draw neat diagram of plate earthing and label the parts with specifications. 10
3. List the specifications of a) pipe earthing and b) plate earthing. 10
Cognitive level: Understanding/Analyse
10 Marks Question on Service Mains
1. List the materials used in over head service mains with specifications. 10
2. List the materials used in UG service mains with specifications. 10
CO2- Prepare the schedule of materials with specifications and estimates for
service mains.
20 Marks Question on Service Mains
1. Prepare the schedule of materials for providing OH service connection to a residential

building with 1 KW lighting and 2.5 KW heating load .The supplier pole is 10 m
away. Prepare the estimate of cost for the above. 20
2. Prepare the schedule of materials for providing UG service connection to a residential

building with 1 KW lighting and 2.5 KW heating load .The supplier pole is 10 m
away. Prepare the estimate of cost for the above. 20
CO3- Draw the wiring plan for residential buildings, Prepare the schedule of
materials with specifications and estimates for lighting Installations.
25 Marks question for Lighting installation (example)
3. The sketch given below shows the plan of a residential building which has to be
wired up as an AEH installation. (Plan to be given)
a) Draw the wiring plan for AEH. 05
b) Propose the load requirements for lighting. 05
c) Prepare the schedule of materials for the above lighting circuit. 08

d) Prepare the estimate the cost for the above lighting circuit. 07
Use concealed conduit system of wiring.
CO4- Draw the layout of machines with wiring plan for workshops. Prepare the
schedule of materials with specifications and estimates for power insulation.
15 Marks question for power installation.
1. Draw the wiring plan for the given workshop and Prepare the schedule of
materials with specification.(Layout to be given with HP ratings ) 15
2. A 5 HP irrigation pump set is to be installed at the centre of a pump house of size

5 m x 5m. Assume the ceiling height as 3.5m . Draw the layout of pump house
and wiring plan for power circuit (only). Prepare the schedule of materials with
specifications. 15
CO5- Prepare the schedule of materials with specifications for Distribution lines
and estimates for transformer centre.
20 Marks question on Distribution lines and Transformer centre.
1. Prepare the schedule of materials and estimate the cost for erection of a 100 KVA
transformer centre. 20
2. Prepare the schedule of materials (only) required for running a 10 KM long 11

KV HT distribution line for rural electrification. Assume average span as 80m.
20
3. The accompanying TOPO sheet shows the 15 KM route of a proposed 11 KV rural

feeder providing terminal structures and rural guards. Prepare the schedule of
materials with specifications for a) Terminal structure and b) Extension of 11 KV
line. Assume average span as 80m. 20
4. Prepare the schedule of materials required for running a 10 KM long 415V LT

distribution line. Assume span as 50m. 20

CO6- Prepare the schedule of materials with specifications for transmission lines
and substations.
Unit-6 - Cognitive level: Understanding/Analyse
10 marks questions on transmission lines and substations
1. Prepare the schedule of materials (only) required for running a 80 KM long

66 KV single circuit transmission line. Assume average span as 300m. 10
2. Prepare the schedule of materials (only) required for running a100 KM long
110 KV single circuit transmission line. Assume average span as 300m. 10
3. Prepare the schedule of materials (only) required for running a 120KM long
220 KV single circuit transmission line. Assume average span as 300m.10
4. Draw the single line diagram of 66/11 KV, 5 MVA substation and label it. 10
5. Prepare the schedule of materials for a 5 MVA 66/11 KV substation with

specifications. 10
***********************************

Model Question Paper
V SEMESTER Code:15EE54T
ELECTRICAL AND ELECTRONICS ENGINEERING
ELECTRICAL ESTIMATION AND COSTING
Note: Answer all the questions.
1. a) Define estimation. List the factors to be considered. 5

b) Define standardisation. List the advantages of standardisation. 5
2. Prepare the schedule of materials and estimate their cost for providing OH service
connection to a residential building with 1 KW lighting and 2.5 KW heating load. The
supplier pole is 10 m away from the building. 20
3. The sketch given below shows the plan of a residential building which has to be wired
up as an AEH installation. (plan to be given)
a) Draw the wiring plan for AEH. 05
b) Propose the load requirements for lighting. 05
c) Prepare the schedule of materials for lighting circuit. 08
d) Prepare the estimate the cost for the above lighting circuit. 07
Use concealed conduit system of wiring.
4. Draw the wiring plan for the given workshop (plan to be given) and prepare the
schedule of materials with specifications for providing power circuit wiring. 15
5. Prepare the schedule of materials with specifications and estimate the cost for erection
of a 100 KVA transformer centre.
OR
Prepare the schedule of materials with specifications for tapping and extending a
11 KV rural feeder for a distance of 7 KM. Assume span as 80m. 20
6. Prepare the schedule of materials (only) required for running a80 KM long 66 KV
single circuit transmission line. Assume average span as 300 m.
OR
List any five electrical equipments used in 66KV/11KV substation with
specifications. 10

Course Title :POWER ELECTRONICS LAB Course Code : 15EE55P

Type of course : Tutorial + Practical Total Contact Hours : 78
Programme: ELECTRICAL AND ELECTRONICS ENGG.
Pre-requisites : Basic knowledge Analog electronics and Digital Electronics
Course Objectives : To provide practical knowledge of power semiconductor devices and their
applications
Course Outcomes:
On successful completion of the Course, the student will be able to:
1. Demonstrate the characteristics of power semiconductor devices.
2. Design firing circuit for Thyristors
3. Analyse the operation of converters.
4. Develop power semiconductor circuits to electrical power system
5. Construct power semiconductor circuits for industrial applications
6. Analyse power semiconductor circuits for domestic applications
Directorate Of Technical Education Karnataka State 15EE55P Page 1

List of Graded Experiments:
1. Design and conduct an experiment to plot the V –I characteristics of DIAC. 3 hrs

2. Design and conduct an experiment to plot the forward biased V –I characteristics of
SCR for different gate currents. 6 hrs
3. Design and conduct an experiment to plot the V–I characteristics TRIAC in
preferred turn on modes 6 hrs
4. Construct R firing circuit and determine the maximum firing angle. 3 hrs
5. Construct R – C firing circuit and determine the maximum firing angle. 3 hrs
6. Construct and test UJT Relaxation oscillator 3 hrs
7. Construct UJT firing circuit and determine the range of firing angle 3 hrs
8. Construct a firing circuit using UJT and pulse transformer and trigger the SCR. 3 hrs
9. Construct a single phase half controlled bridge converter for resistive load/DC motor.
Trace the waveforms across SCR and load. 6 hrs
10. Construct single phase full controlled bridge converter for resistive load. Trace the
waveforms across SCR and load. 6 hrs
11. Construct and test a Triac- fan motor speed control circuit 3 hrs
12. Construct twilight relay using LDR and TRIAC 3 hrs
13. Construct time delay relay using SCR and UJT. 3 hrs
14. Construct and test a SCR battery charger circuit. 6 hrs
15. Construct a simple circuit to use optocoupler as an SSR 3 hrs
16. Construct AC static switch using SCR and observe the wave forms 3 hrs

Reference Books:
1) Industrial Electronics and control by Dr S Chatterji
2) 24 SCR Projects – BPB Publications
3) SCR Manual – GEC
4) Industrial Electronics Test Lab Manual – Paul B Zbar
e-Resources:
www.electricalengineeringinfo.com/2014/06/silicon...
www.radio-electronics.com/info/circuits/scr-silicon.

Composition of Educational Components:
(Bloom’s taxonomy) such as:
Sl.
No.
1 Remembering 20
2 Understanding 20
3 Application/ Analysis 60
Total 100

Mapping Course Outcomes with Program Outcomes:
(Course Outcome linkage to Cognitive Level)
Experiment PO Cognitive Lab

Course Outcome
linked Mapped Level Sessions
Demonstrate the
CO1 characteristics of power 1, 2, 3 2 R/U 15

semiconductor devices .
Design firing circuit for
CO2 Thyristors 4,5,6,7,8 2,3,410 U/A 15
Analyse the operation of

CO3 converters 9,10 2,3,4,10 U/A 12
Develop power
CO4 semiconductor circuits to 16 2,3,5,10 U/A 3

electrical power system
Construct power
CO5 semiconductor circuits for 11,12,13 2,3,5,10 U/A 9

industrial applications
Analyse power
CO6 semiconductor circuits for 14,15 2,3,10 U/A 9

domestic applications
U-Understanding; A-application/ Analysis; App-Application

Course Programme Outcomes
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
Power
Electronics Lab
- 3 3 3 1 - - 3


Course Delivery:
The laboratory Course will be delivered through Tutorial, laboratory interaction, practical
exercises, instructions, assignments and viva voice.
Tutorial - 1Hr:
Staff-in-charge will;
1. Explain the concept and working of experiment to be conducted.
2. Impart/ discuss required selection of ICs/ components/ devices/ meters /equipment /
suitable accessories for the experiment to be conducted.
3. Ask students to draw the circuit diagram, tabular column ,typical Graphs and
waveforms
4. Give clear instructions about safety precautions to be followed while conducting the
experiment.
Conduction/ Execution- 2 Hr:
Student will rig up the circuit diagram on bread board and conduct experiment
individually under the supervision of the staff-in-charge.

To Evidence Course
What Frequency Practical
Whom Collected Outcomes
Two IA tests for
(Continuous Internal Evaluation)
IA Practical (Average 10 Blue Books 1 to 6

Tests marks of both the
tests)
Record Writing
Direct Assessment Method
Students
Record (Average of Marks
CIE
10 Lab Record 1 to 6
Writing allotted for each
experiment.)
3 pages
Student Activity 05 1 to 6
Report
TOTAL 25
(Semester End
Examination)
Students
End Answer
SEE
End of the Course 50 1 to 6

Exam Scripts
Student Feedback Middle of The

Assessment

Students
Indirect
Method
on course Course
End of Course
End of The Course Questionnaire 1 to 6
Survey
Note:
1. I.A. test shall be conducted as per SEE scheme of valuation. However obtained marks
shall be reduced to 10 marks. Average marks of two tests shall be rounded off to the next
higher digit.
2. Rubrics to be devised appropriately by the concerned faculty to assess Student activities.

Suggested Student Activity (any one to be submitted with 3 pages report):
1 Study data sheet of various power semiconductor devices
2 Identify various power electronic components and method of testing
3 Construct a digital firing circuit for converters
4 Disassembling and assembling , identify the circuits in UPS
5 Disassembling and assembling , identify the circuits of a relay type stabilizer
6 Disassemble, identify the circuits and assemble servo –controlled stabilizer
7 Determine the rating of UPS according to customer requirement
8 Construct temperature controller using triac
9 Study of single phase PWM inverter.
10 Study of BLDC motor
11 Study of Buck-boost converters

sion (Group of five
students)
1 2 3 4 5 1 2 3 4 5

Grand Average/Total

on (Five students)
1 2 3 4 5 1 2 345

exact.
≈4

Scheme of Valuation for SEE (Semester End Examination):
Sl.
Particulars Marks
No.
Writing Circuit diagram and Procedure
1. 10
2. Circuit connection 10
3. Conduction 10
4. Results 10
5. Viva-Voce 10
Total 50

Model Question Bank:
Course Title: POWER ELECTRONICS LAB Course Code: 15EE55P
1. Design and conduct an experiment to plot the V –I characteristics of DIAC

2. Design and conduct an experiment to plot the V –I characteristics forward biased
SCR for different gate currents.
3. Design and conduct an experiment to plot the V –I characteristics TRIAC in
preferred turn on modes
4. Construct R firing circuit and determine the maximum firing angle.
5. Construct R –C firing circuit and determine the maximum firing angle
6. Construct and test UJT Relaxation oscillator
7. Construct UJT firing circuit and determine the range of firing angle
8. Construct a firing circuit using UJT and pulse transformer and trigger the SCR
9. Construct single phase half controlled bridge converter for resistive load. Trace the
waveforms across SCR and load.
10. Construct single phase full controlled bridge converter for resistive load. Trace the
waveforms across SCR and load.
11. Construct and test a Triac - fan motor speed control circuit.
12. Construct twilight relay using LDR and TRIAC .
13. Construct time delay relay using SCR and UJT.
14. Construct and test a SCR battery charger circuit.
15. Construct a simple circuit to use optocoupler as an SSR.
16. Construct ac static switch using SCR and observe the wave forms.

POWER ELECTRONICS Lab Equipments Requirement:
Students Intake : 60
Students per Batch : 20
Quantity
Sl. No. Name of Equipment and Specification
Required
1. DC Regulated power supply ( 0-300V, 2A) 10
2. DC Regulated Dual power supply (0-30V,2A) 10
3. Cathode Ray Oscilloscope- Dual trace, 25 MHz. 10
4. Digital Multimeter- 31 /2” 20
5. Table fan 230V , 60 w 20
6. Battery 6 V/12 V 60 AH 20

Board of Technical Examinations, Bengaluru.
Course Title: PROTECTIVE RELAYS AND SERVICING LAB Course Code:15EE56P

Semester :V Course Group: Core
Programme: ELECTRICAL AND ELECTRONICS ENGINEERING.
Pre-requisites : Knowledge about - Elements of Electrical Engineering ,Electrical Circuits,

Electrical Wiring , Electrical Appliances and Protective Devices.
Course Objectives : To Develop Technical Skills in the students to :
a) Identify, Select and Test various Relays and Protective Devices.
b) Trouble shoot faults in Electrical Appliances and suggest suitable remedies.
Course Outcomes:
a) Test the operation of various protective devices and relays.

b) Trace the operating characteristics of different types of relays.
c) Identify the faults in domestic appliances and suggest suitable remedies.
d) Install and test- UPS system, commercial water level controller and interpret control
panel wirings per drawings.
LIST OF GRADED EXERCISES:
PART A
PROTECTIVE DEVICES AND RELAYS
SLNo. 09
STUDY EXPERIMENTS
Hours
01 SI symbols for most commonly used Electrical protective devices and their
ANSI Codes. Identify different types of LV Fuses- Rewirable, Cartridge, HRC
fuse, Switch Fuse Unit (SFU) and their applications. Note down the
specifications. Identify different types of LV circuit breakers and their 03
applications- MCB, MCCB, ELCB, RCCB and MPCB. Note down the
specifications. Identify the class of MCB - B ,C, D and Z classes and their
applications.

Identify and study power contactors and auxiliary contactors. Note down the
02 03
specifications. Identify and Study- Spike busters and Domestic range Electronic
Voltage Stabilizer. Note down the specifications.
Identify Time Multiplier Setting (TMS) and Plug Multiplier Setting (PMS)
devices in Electro-mechanical relays. Note down the specifications of the
03 Electro-mechanical Relay. Identify DIP switch settings and jumper settings in
static relays (Microprocessor/microcontroller based relays) for setting Fault
Voltage Level / Fault Current Level and Time Multiplier Settings as per 03
supplier’s user manual. Note down the specifications of the Static Relay.
Understand time setting and current setting procedure in Numerical relays /
Digital relays. Note down the specifications of the Relay. Identify CBCT and
its applications. Identify lockout relay. Understand the meaning of 1.3 Sec and
3 Sec relays.
30
CONDUCTING EXPERIMENTS
Hours
04 Plot the operating characteristics of (a) Fuse. (b) MCB
03
05 Test the operation of a digital or static type Earth leakage relay with CBCT
(Adjust mA sensitivity and trip time using DIP switches). 06
06 Plot the operating characteristics of ANY ONE of the following electro-

mechanical IDMT relays.
a) Over voltage relay b) Under voltage relay. 06
c) Over current and d) Earth Fault Relay.
07 Plot the operating characteristics of ANY ONE of the following:

microprocessor / microcontroller based Over or Under voltage relay for
06
Normal inverse time setting and Definite time setting.
08 Program , Test and Plot the operating characteristics of ANY ONE of the
following numerical / digital relays:
06
a) Over Voltage and Under Voltage Relay.
b) Over Current Relay.
09
Conduct Break Down Voltage Test on transformer oil ( dielectric strength test) 03

PART B
TROUBLE SHOOTING AND SERVICING
SLNo. 39
LIST OF GRADED EXERCISES
Hours
10 Trouble shoot and suggest suitable remedies for :
Fluorescent lamp fitting, High pressure mercury vapour lamp and High pressure
06
sodium vapour lamp sets.
11 Dismantle, Identify the parts and assemble:- Electric iron box

(non automatic and automatic) .Trouble shoot and suggest suitable remedies for
the above. Note down name plate details. 03
12
Dismantle, Identify the parts and assemble:- Table fan and Ceiling fan
Trouble shoot and suggest suitable remedies for the above. 03
Note down name plate details.
13 Dismantle, Identify the parts and assemble :- food mixer
Trouble shoot and suggest suitable remedies for the above.
03
14
Dismantle, Identify the parts and assemble :- Electric Geyser and Electric Stove.
Trouble shoot and suggest suitable remedies for the above. 03
15 Dismantle, Identify the parts and assemble:- Induction heater.
Note down name plate details. 03
16 Dismantle, Identify the parts and assemble :- semi automatic washing machine
Trouble shoot and suggest suitable remedies for the above.
Note down name plate details. 03
17
Install and test the UPS with Batteries.
Trouble shoot and suggest suitable remedies. 03
18 Panel wiring practice: - Wire up ANY ONE of the following as per standard
practice.
a) DOL or starter/star delta starter.
b) Small control panel consisting of Isolator, MCB, voltmeter, Ammeter 06
with CT, Indicators etc..
c) Small Distribution panel wiring and cable crimping.
19 Automatic water level controller (commercial type): - Identify the external

connections, wire-up the level sensors and test the operation of electronic water
level controller. 06
Trouble shoot and suggest suitable remedies for the water level controller.
78

Reference Books:
01. Electrical trade theory and trade practice (all volumes) – NIMMI
02. Principles of Power Systems by V K Mehtha –S. Chand and Company Ltd.
03. Electrical shop practice by Anwani -Danapatrai and sons
04. Electrical appliances – by Anwani- Danapatrai and sons
05. User Manuals of respective equipments.
e-Resource
http://www.electrical4u.com/low-voltage-switchgear
http://electrical-engineering-portal.com
http://myelectrical.com
http://www.nvistech.com/tutorials - Look for Electrical Portions.
Composition of Educational Components:

Sl.
No.
1 Remembering 20
2 Understanding 40
4 Create 10
Total 100

Mapping Course Outcomes with Program Outcomes:
(Course Outcome linkage to Cognitive Level)
Experiment PO Cognitive Lab

linked Mapped Level Sessions
Test the operation of
various protective 7,10,11,12,13,14,15 2, 3, 8, 9, 10 R/A/C 21
CO1
devices
Trace the operating

characteristics of 6,8,9,16 2, 3, 8, 9, 10 A/U 12
CO2
different types relays
Identify the faults in

domestic appliance and 2, 3,4, 8, 9,
17,18,19,20,21,22,23 R/U/A/E/C 21
CO3 suggest suitable 10
remedies.
Design, install and test

UPS system, commercial
water level controller 24,25,26
and interpret control 2, 3,4, 8, 9, U/A/C
CO4 9
panel wiring drawings. 10

Programme Outcomes
Course
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
PROTECTIVE
RELAYS AND
0 3 3 3 0 0 0 3 3 3
SERVICING
LAB
Course Delivery:
The laboratory Course will be delivered through Tutorial, laboratory interaction, group
discussion, practical exercises, instructions, assignments and viva voice.
Tutorial - 1Hr:
The course co-ordinator will:
1. Explain the concept of the experiment to be conducted.

2. Ask the students to analyse circuit diagram and tabular column.
3. Guide the students to select appropriate components/ devices/ meters /equipments/
suitable accessories for the experiment to be conducted.
4. Give clear instructions about safety precautions to be followed while conductingthe
experiments.
Student group (2 to 3) will rig up the circuits and conduct the experiment individually
under the supervision of the course co-ordinator.

To Evidence Course
Two IA tests for
tests)
Record Writing
Record
(Average of Marks 10 Lab Record 1 to 4
Writing
allotted for each
experiment.)
3 pages
Report
TOTAL 25
End Answer
Exam Scripts

on course Course
End of Course
Survey
Note:
higher digit.

Suggested Student Activities:
ANY ONE to be submitted with 3 pages report:
THE FOLLOWING EXERCISES OR SIMILAR EXERCISES MAY BE

DISTRIBUTED AMONG THE STUDENT GROUPS (3 STUDENTS/GROUP).
CONDUCTABLE EXPERIMENTS
1. Test the operation of an single phase ELCB.

2. Test the given Thermal OLR (used in DOL starter).
3. Test the given Phase failure relay/single phase preventer.
4. Test the given domestic range electronic voltage stabilizer.
5. Test the given MPCB (motor protection circuit breaker).
6. Conduct Ratio test and Polarity tests on CT and PT.
7. Conduct accuracy test on CT and PT
8. Conduct Burden test on CT and PT
9. Conduct Continuity test, Insulation resistance test and Secondary resistance test on
CT and PT.
10. Connect and test any one type of mini Motor Protection Relay.
11. Design, construct and test an open coil stove of 1 KW to operate on 230V 50 Hz
AC supply.
12. Design and construct a small transformer ( 15 VA, 230 V/ 12 V).
OR
STUDY EXPERIMENTS
13. Study any one control circuit drawing related to protective scheme and understand the
significance of ANSI Codes.
14. Study the construction and working principle of MCCB and MPCB (Motor Protection
Circuit Breaker.)
15. Study the construction, working principle and applications of Core Balance Current
Transformer (CBCT).
16. Construction , operation and applications of lockout relay
17. Study the construction and working principle of ACB and VCB used in industries.
18. Study the Switch gear and protections in distribution transformer centre, HT and LT
line/ feeders.
19. Study the LV control panels of a Apartment/Hotel / Hospital/ factory / commercial
buildings. Draw SLD of Power distribution and protections.
20. Identify switch gear and protection schemes in substations.
21. Method of conducting Ratio test and polarity test on CT and PT at project sites.
22. Study the construction, working, installation and testing of a submersible pump.

Scheme of Valuation for SEE(Semester End Examination):
Note: The SEE Question paper should be set in such a way

that Questions in the Question paper should have equal
nos. of Questions from Part A and Part B.
Sl.
Particulars Marks
No.
Circuit diagram and procedure.

1. 15
Conduction /Execution
2. 20
3. Results 05
4. Viva-voce 10
Total Marks 50
Course Title: PROTECTIVE RELAYS AND SERVICING LAB Course Code: 15EE56P
PART A
1. Plot the operating characteristics of Fuse.

2. Plot the operating characteristics of single pole MCB
3. Test the operation of the given Earth leakage relay.
4. Plot the operating characteristics of Electro-Mechanical type Over voltage relay.
5. Plot the operating characteristics of Electro-Mechanical type under voltage relay.
6. Plot the operating characteristics of Electro-Mechanical type Over current Relay
7. Plot the operating characteristics of Electro-Mechanical type Earth Fault Relay.
8. Plot the operating characteristics of microprocessor / microcontroller based Over
or Under voltage relay for Normal inverse time setting.
9. Plot the operating characteristics of static relay (microprocessor / microcontroller
based Over or Under voltage relay)for Definite time setting.
10. Plot the operating characteristics of Over Voltage and Under Voltage numerical /
digital relay.
11. Plot the operating characteristics of numerical/digital type Over Current Relay.

12. Conduct Break down Voltage Test on transformer oil (dielectric strength test).
PART B
13. Trouble shoot and suggest suitable remedies for Fluorescent lamp fitting
14. Trouble shoot and suggest suitable remedies for High pressure mercury vapour
lamp
15. Trouble shoot and suggest suitable remedies for High pressure sodium vapour
lamp set
16. Trouble shoot and suggest suitable remedies for Electric iron box (non automatic
and automatic)
17. Trouble shoot and suggest suitable remedies for Table fan
18. Trouble shoot and suggest suitable remedies for Ceiling fan
19. Trouble shoot and suggest suitable remedies for food mixer.
20. Trouble shoot and suggest suitable remedies for Electric Geyser.
21. Trouble shoot and suggest suitable remedies for Electric Stove
22. Trouble shoot and suggest suitable remedies for Induction heater.
23. Trouble shoot and suggest suitable remedies for semi automatic washing machine.
24. Install and test UPS with batteries.
25. Wire up the panel board control wiring as per standard practice for DOL starter or
star- delta starter.
26. Wire up the panel board control wiring as per standard practice for Small control
panel consisting of Isolator, MCB, voltmeter, Ammeter with CT, Indicators etc..
27. Test the given commercial automatic water level controller.

List of Equipments:
PART A
Note: The experiments may be conducted either by using trainer kits or by using
discrete components or by combinations of both depending upon the resources available
in the respective institutions. Please refer the example lab manual for further details.
LIST OF DISCRETE COMPONENTS.
Sl. Quantity
Name of Equipment and Specification
No. Required
1 Single phase Auto transformer , 0-270 Volts , 4 A. 06 Nos.
2 Transformer - 240V/500V ( for voltage injection purpose) 04 Nos
3 Transformer - 240V/24V, 20A (for current injection purpose) 04 Nos
02 Nos.
4 Rheostats 45ohms 8.5 A, 100 ohms 5 A, 300 ohms 2.5 A
each
Ammeter 0-5/10 /20A MI type or Digital Ammeter- Single Ph 0-

5 05 Nos.
20A, suitable for 1A CT secondary.
6 Milli Ammeter 0-100 mA ( required for earth leakage experiment) 02 Nos.
7 Voltmeter 0-300 V MI or Digital Voltmeter, Single Ph, 0-600V AC 06 N0s
06 Nos.
8 DPST and SPST knife switches or 2 pole, 3way, 6A selector switch
each
9 6 A ,220 V single pole MCB 06 nos.
10 6A ,220 V 30 mA single phase ELCB 02 Nos.
11 10 A or 16 A 415 V 30 mA or 100 mA ELR with 5 A/1A CBCT 02 sets.
05 Nos.
12 10A or 16 A or 32 A , 415 V 3 phase power contactor-any model.
each
10 A , 415 V 3 phase auxiliary contactor - any model with2 NO + 2 05 Nos.

13
NC. each

Sl. Quantity
Name of Equipment and Specification
No. Required
14 500 VA single phase domestic Electronic voltage stabilizer 02 Nos.
15 125 A 415V MCCB ( for study / identification experiment only) 01 No.
3 Phase 415 V MPCB (Motor Protection Circuit Breaker) of any

16 02 Nos.
low current rating ( for study / identification experiment only)
17 3 Phase 415 V Thermal Over Load Relay 0-4.5 or 0-6 A or 0-10 A 04 Nos.
Motor Protection Relay – any model suitable for 3 HP, 3 Ph

18 02 nos.
Induction Motor.
19 Digital multi-meter ( for general purpose) 02 Nos.
20 Digital clamp on meter ( for general purpose) 02 nos.
21 Digital Time Interval Meter 0-999 ms, 0-99.9 sec, 0-99.9 min 05 Nos
( *Digital stop watch may also be used as alternative)
22 Single phase preventer (phase failure relay) 02 Nos.
23 Different types of fuses (kit-kat fuse, cartridge fuse, glass fuse etc.) 02 Nos each
(For identification experiment)
24 Lock out relay with 2 NO and 2 NC ( any low rating model). 02 Nos.
LIST OF TRAINER KITS
Electro-mechanical Relay Trainer Kit or module with 4 mm banana

1 pin sockets and patch cords. (TYPE - Over Load Relay or Over 01 set
Voltage Relay or Under Voltage Relay or Earth Fault Relay – ANY
ONE)
Static Relay ( OLR or OVR or UVR or EFR – ANY ONE)
2 Trainer Kit or module with 4 mm banana pin sockets and patch 01 set
cords.
Numerical relay or Digital relay (OLR or OVR or UVR or EFR –
3 ANY ONE)-Trainer Kit or module with 4 mm banana pin sockets 01 set
and patch cords.
4 15A AUX. Current source / current injection kit suitable for the 03 Nos.
above trainer kits with 4 mm banana pin sockets and patch cords.
220 V AC /110 V DC AUX Voltage source / voltage injection kit
5 suitable for the above trainer kits with 4 mm banana pin sockets and 03 Nos.
patch cords.

6 Fuse and MCB testing- trainer kit 02 Nos.
NOTE: The trainer kits may be of any one of the following types.
1. Relay with current / voltage injection source-complete set as a single unit.

OR
2. Separate relay module and separate current / voltage injection source.
*PLEASE REFER THE EXAMPLE MANUAL FOR BLOCK DIAGRAMS.
PART B
Quantity
Required
1 500 V Megger and multimeter ( tong tester) 04 Nos.Each
2 Series Test lamp 06 Nos.
Tool kit consisting of spanner set, screw driver, combination

3 04 set
plier hammer/mallet etc,
4 Fluorescent lamp fitting (electronic and non electronic) 10 Nos each
5 High pressure mercury vapour lamp 04 sets
6 High pressure sodium vapour lamp 04 sets
7 Electric Iron ( non automatic and automatic) 04 Nos.Each
8 Table fan 04 Nos.
9 Ceiling fan 04 Nos.
10 Geyser (small capacity) and immersion heater 02 Nos. Each
11 Electric stove ( three heat ) 02 nos.
12 Food mixer 04 Nos.
13 Domestic Induction heater (1500 w) 02 nos.
14 Semi automatic washing machine (small capacity) 02 Nos.
15 Single phase induction motor ( CSCR and CSIR types) 02 Nos.Each

Quantity
Required
Empty panel box with provision to fix various switch gears
and accessories like Isolator, MCB, voltmeter, Ammeter with
16 04 Nos.
CT, Indicators etc( for DOL starter or main control panel or
distribution panel)
17 Commercial Electronic Automatic water level controller 02 Nos.
18 2 KVA 220 V ,36 V or 48 V DC OFF line UPS with batteries 01 set
Note: Any other similar domestic appliances already available in

the laboratory may also be used.

MODEL LAB MANUAL
STUDY EXPERIMENTS
SOME OF THE TYPES OF FUSES
PORCELAIN KIT KAT FUSEGLASS FUSE FUSE HOLDER
PVC KIT KAT FUSE

HRC FUSE (BOX TYPE) TUBULAR TYPE BOTTLE TYPE
HORN GAP FUSE DOLO FUSE

TYPE OF MCBs
SP MCB DP MCB TP MCB TPN MCB
MCCB MPCB

EARTH FAULT RELAY EARTH LEAKAGE CIRCUIT BREAKER
ELECTRO-MECHANICAL RELAY STATIC RELAY ( MICROPROCESSOR

BASED)

NUMERICAL RELAYS
Earth Leakage Circuit Breaker or ELCB

If any current leaks from any electrical installation, there must-be any insulation failure in the
electrical circuit, it must be properly detected and prevented otherwise there may be a high
chance of electrical shock if-anyone touches the installation. An earth leakage circuit
breaker does it efficiently. Means it detects the earth leakage current and makes the power
supply off by opening the associated circuit breaker. There are two types of earth leakage
circuit breaker, one is voltage ELCB and other is current ELCB.
Voltage Earth Leakage Circuit Breaker
The working principle of voltage ELCB is quite simple. One terminal of the relay coil is
connected to the metal body of the equipment to be protected against earth leakage and other
terminal is connected to the earth directly. If any insulation failure occurs or live phase wire
touches the metal body, of the equipment, there must be a voltage difference appears across
the terminal of the coil connected to the equipment body and earth.
This voltage difference produces a current to flow the relay coil.

If the voltage difference crosses, a predetermined limit, the current through the relay becomes
sufficient to actuate the relay for tripping the associated circuit breaker to disconnect the
power supply to the equipment. The typicality of this device is, it can detect and protect only
that equipment or installation with which it is attached. It cannot detect any leakage of
insulation in other installation of the system.
Current ELCB or RCCB or Residual Current Circuit Breaker
The working principle of current earth leakage circuit breaker or RCCB is also very
simple as voltage operated ELCB but the theory is entirely different and residual current
circuit breaker is more sensitive than ELCB. Actually, ELCBs are of two kinds, but it is
general practice to refer voltage based ELCB as simple ELCB. And current based ELCB is
referred as RCD or RCCB. Here one CT core is energized from both phase wise and neutral
wire.

SINGLE PHASE RCCB OR CURRENT ELCB:
The polarity of the phase winding and neutral winding on the core is so chosen that, in
normal condition mmf of one winding opposes that of another. As it is assumed that, in
normal operating conditions the current goes through the phase wire will be returned via
neutral wire if there's no leakage in between. As both currents are same, the resultant mmf
produced by these two currents is also zero-ideally. The relay coil is connected with another
third winding wound on the CT core as secondary. The terminals of this winding are
connected to a relay system. In normal operating condition there would not be any current
circulating in the third winding as here is no flux in the core due to equal phase and neutral
current. When any earth leakage occurs in the equipment, there may be part of phase current
passes to the earth, through the leakage path instead of returning via mental wire. Hence the
magnitude of the neutral current passing through the RCCB is not equal to phase current
passing through it.

THREE PHASE RESIDUAL CURRENT CIRCUIT BREAKER OR CURRENT
ELCB:
When this difference crosses a predetermined value, the current in the third secondary
winding of the core becomes sufficiently high to actuate the electromagnetic relay attached to
it.
This relay causes tripping of the associated circuit breaker to disconnect the power supply to
the equipment under protection. Residual current circuit breaker is sometimes also referred as
residual current device (RCD) when we consider the device by disassociating the circuit
breaker attached to RCCB. That means, the entire parts of RCCB except circuit breaker are
referred as RCD.
DIFFERENCE BETWEEN EARTH LEAKAGE RELAY AND ELCB:
According to IEC 60947-2, Annex B,earth fault current is the current flowing to earth
due to insulation fault and Earth leakage current is the current flowing from the live parts of
the installation to earth in the absence of an insulation fault. Earth Leakage Circuit breaker
(ELCB or RCCB) has integral current breaking device. It detects as well as protects

the system by opening the protected circuit when the residual current exceeds the set
value.
ELR is a relay that send a signal to the shunt coil of a circuit breaker (MCCB or
ACB) whenever the leakage current exceeds the set level.
DIFFERENT BETWEEN MCB AND MCCB.
MCB
∑ These are thermal / thermo-magnetic devices
∑ Provides protection against over currents and short circuits.
∑ Available up to 100A and have a maximum short circuit capacity of 25kA.
∑ Commonly used in lighting circuits.
∑ Trip level cannot be varied.
MCCB
∑ May be Thermal/ Thermo-Magnetic/ Electronic trip type
∑ Primarily provide protection against over-current and short circuit.
∑ Can provide protection against Earth Fault, Residual Currents, Under voltage etc
∑ Available up to the rating of2500A.
∑ Trip level can be varied in adjustable trip type MCCBs.
∑ Remote ON/OFF is possible with additional accessories
∑ Commonly used is loads over 100A and motor protection circuits.
∑ Some MCCBs are microcontroller based.
∑ Available in single, two, three and four pole versions.

DIFFERENCE BETWEEN MPCB AND MCCB
Motor Protection Circuit Breaker Moulded Case Circuit Breakers
MPCBs are used to manually turn on and MCCBs are used in power distribution and
off electric motors and at the same time protect Low voltage distribution circuits as
protect them from different types of faults well as motor loads.
occurring in motors
MPCBs can protect motors against MCCBs can protect motors against overload
overload, short circuits, phase loss and and short circuits. MCCBs can also provide
under-voltage faults. under-voltages, earth faults and phase
failure faults but these features are made
available with additional accessories.
MPCBs are specially designed for motor MCCBs are used for general purpose circuit
protection. protection.
Maximum load current can be set based on Overload, short circuit and trip delay time
the full load current of motor. can be set based on the application.
MPCBs are selected based on the full load MCCBs are selected based on the maximum
current of motors and maximum possible load current and maximum short circuit
short circuit current. current it must interrupt safely.
MPCBs can withstand the starting currents When an MCCB is used as backup
without interrupting the circuit. protection for a motor, it may interrupt the
circuit if it is selected based on its full load
current. So while selecting backup MCCB
for motor it must be selected based on
starting current of the motor.
MPCBs have adjustable bimetallic strip for Overcurrent value of MCCBs can be
overload protection. This strip can be adjusted from 40% to 100% of its rated
adjusted between two set values. value.
Overload relay is not required for motor Overload relay is required.

circuits with MPCB backup.
MPCBs can protect motor against overload MCCBs, when used in motor protection
and short circuit. circuits can protect against short circuits
only. Hence additional overload relay and
contactor is required.

Motor can be directly turned ON and OFF Contactor is a must in these cases.
manually using a MPCB. Contactor is
optional.
Some MPCBs come with an auto resetting This feature is not available in MCCBs
feature which allows motors to resume its
operation after a short period from the
occurrence of overload trip.
STANDARD SIZE OF MCB / MCCB / ELCB / SFU / FUSE
MCB Up to 63 Amp (80Amp and 100 Amp as per Request)
MCCB Up to 1600 Amp (2000 Amp as per Request)
ACB Above 1000 Amp
Sen. of ELCB 30mA (Domestic),100 mA (Industrial),300mA
TPN Fuse Unit ( Rewire-able ) 16A,32A,63A,100A,200A
Change over switch ( Off Load ) 32A,63A,100A,200A,300A,400A,630A,800A
SFU ( Switch Fuse Unit ) 32A,63A,100A,125A,160A,200A,250A,315A,400A,630A
HRC Fuse TPN ( Bakelite ) 125A,160A,200A,250A,400A, 630A

TESTING OF CT AND PT
Installation of protective relays at project sites has a number of possibilities for errors while
implementation of the scheme due to incorrect connection of CT/PTs. The impact of such
errors may result in unwanted tripping or failure to trip under fault conditions, leading to
major equipment damage, disruption to supplies and potential hazards to personnel.
Commissioning tests at site are therefore invariably performed before protection equipment
is set to work. The aims of commissioning tests are:
1. To ensure that the equipment has not been damaged during transit or installation
2. To ensure that the installation work has been carried out correctly
3. To prove the correct functioning of the protection scheme as a whole
Instruments transformers (CT and PT) are devices through which current and voltage are
sensed for operating the relays.
The following are some of the important tests conducted on CTs and PTs
Continuity test.
Ratio test
Polarity test
Insulation resistance test
Secondary resistance test
Accuracy test.
Burden test.
Burden test is to ensure that the connected burden to CT is within the rated burden as per the
name plate details.
Inject the rated secondary current of the CT, from CT terminals towards load side by isolating
the CT secondary with all connected load and observe the voltage drop across the injection
points. The burden VA can be calculated as
Burden VA = Voltage drop x rated CT sec. Current.

Limits:
The calculated burden should be less than rated CT burden.
The ammeter connected to the secondary of the current transformer should be a robust
moving coil, permanent magnet, centre-zero type. A low voltage battery is used, via a single-
pole push-button switch, to energize the primary winding. On closing the push-button, the
DC ammeter, A, should give a positive flick and on opening, a negative flick.
The voltage transformer polarity can be checked using the method for CT polarity tests.
Care must be taken to connect the battery supply to the primary winding, with the polarity
ammeter connected to the secondary winding.
ANSI CODE FOR SWITCH GEAR AND PROTECTION DEVICES.
1 – Master Element
2 – Time delay Starting or Closing Relay
3 – Checking or Interlocking Relay
4 – Master Contactor
5 – Stopping
6 – Starting Circuit Breaker
7 – Rate of Change Relay
8 – Control Power Disconnecting Device
9 – Reversing Device
10 – Unit Sequence Switch
11 – Multi-function Device
12 – Overspeed Device
13 – Synchronous-speed Device
14 – Underspeed Device

15 – Speed – or Frequency, Matching Device
16 – Data Communications Device
17 – Shunting or Discharge Switch
18 – Accelerating or Decelerating Device
19 – Starting to Running Transition Contractor
20 – Electrically Operated Valve
21 – Distance Relay
22 – Equalizer Circuit Breaker
23 – Temperature Control Device
24 – Volts Per Hertz Relay
25 – Synchronizing or Synchronize-Check Device
26 – Apparatus Thermal Device
27 – Under voltage Relay
27s- DC under voltage Relay
28 – Flame detector
29 – Isolating Contactor or Switch
30 – Annunciator Relay
31 – Separate Excitation
32 – Directional Power Relay or Reverse Power Relay
33 – Position Switch
34 – Master Sequence Device
35 – Brush-Operating or Slip-Ring Short-Circuiting Device
36 – Polarity or Polarizing Voltage Devices
37 – Undercurrent or Under power Relay
38 – Bearing Protective Device
39 – Mechanical Condition Monitor
40 – Field (over/under excitation) Relay
41 – Field Circuit Breaker
42 – Running Circuit Breaker
43 – Manual Transfer or Selector Device
44 – Unit Sequence Starting Relay
45 –DC over voltage Relay
46 – Reverse-phase or Phase-Balance Current Relay
47 – Phase-Sequence or Phase-Balance Voltage Relay
48 – Incomplete Sequence Relay
49 – Machine or Transformer, Thermal Relay-OLR
50 – Instantaneous Over current Relay
50G - Instantaneous Earth Over Current Relay (Neutral CT Method)
50N - Instantaneous Earth Over Current Relay (Residual Method)
50BF - Breaker failure
51 – AC Inverse Time Over current Relay
51G- AC Inverse Time Earth Over current Relay (Neutral CT Method)

51N- AC Inverse Time Earth Over current Relay (Residual Method)
52 – AC Circuit Breaker
52a- AC Circuit Breaker Position (Contact Open when Breaker Open)
52b- AC Circuit Breaker Position (Contact Closed when Breaker Open)
53 – Exciter or DC Generator Relay
54 – Turning Gear Engaging Device
55 – Power Factor Relay
56 – Field Application Relay
57 – Short-Circuiting or Grounding Device
58 – Rectification Failure Relay
59 – Overvoltage Relay
60 – Voltage or Current Balance Relay
61 – Density Switch or Sensor
62 – Time-Delay Stopping or Opening Relay
63 – Pressure Switch
64 – Ground Detector Relay
64R - Restricted earth fault
64S - Stator earth fault
65 – Governor
66 – Notching or Jogging Device
67 – AC Directional Over current Relay
68 – Blocking Relay
69 – Permissive Control Device
70 – Rheostat
71 – Liquid Level Switch
72 – DC Circuit Breaker
73 – Load-Resistor Contactor
74 – Alarm Relay
75 – Position Changing Mechanism
76 – DC Over current Relay
77 – Telemetering Device
78 – Phase-Angle Measuring Relay or "Out-of-Step" Relay
79 – AC Reclosing Relay (Auto Reclosing)
80 – Flow Switch
81 – Frequency Relay
82 – DC Reclosing Relay
83 – Automatic Selective Control or Transfer Relay
84 – Operating Mechanism
85 – Communications, Carrier or Pilot-Wire Relay
86 – Lockout Relay/Master Trip
87 – Differential Protective Relay
88 – Auxiliary Motor or Motor Generator

89 – Line Switch
90 – Regulating Device
91 – Voltage Directional Relay
92 – Voltage and Power Directional Relay
93 – Field Changing Contactor
94 – Tripping or Trip-Free Relay( trip circuit supervision Relay)
95 – For specific applications where other numbers are not suitable
96 – Busbar Trip Lockout relay
150 – Earth Fault Indicator
AFD – Arc Flash Detector
CLK – Clock or Timing Source
DDR – Dynamic Disturbance Recorder
DFR – Digital Fault Recorder
DME – Disturbance Monitor Equipment
ENV – Environmental Data
HIZ – High Impedance Fault Detector
HMI – Human Machine Interface
HST – Historian
LGC – Scheme Logic
MET – Substation Metering
PDC – Phasor Data Concentrator
PMU – Phasor Measurement Unit
PQM – Power Quality Monitor
RIO – Remote Input/output Device
RTU – Remote Terminal Unit/Data Concentrator
SER – Sequence of Events Recorder
TCM – Trip Circuit Monitor
LRSS - LOCAL/REMOTE SELECTOR SWITCH
SOTF - Switch On To Fault

CONDUCTING EXPERIMENTS
NOTE:
01.Relay based experiments may be done using trainer kits and other
experiments may be done using discrete components.
02.Proper protections like fuse and MCB should be used for all circuits as a
safety precaution.
03.All the experiments shall be done for low current and voltage ranges.
04.The circuit diagrams given are for reference only. Alternate safe
methods may be adopted.

EXPERIMENT NO.01
FUSE
AIM: TO STUDY THE OPERATION OF A FUSE AND PLOT THE TIME-CURRENT
CHARACTERISTICS.
Rationale / importance of this experiment: A fuse is a simplest, cheapest and most reliable
protective device which provides protection against over current and short circuit. One or the
other type of fuse is used in all the equipments/ power circuit wirings/meter boards/ metering
panels/ service connections/LT lines/HT lines/Auto-electricals/control panels etc.It is the
most fundamental element of any electrical circuit. A fuse is definitely present in all
electrical circuits irrespective of other protective device like MCBs.
The study of fuse characteristics forms the base / foundation for interpreting the
characteristics of protective relays. Because the reliability of any protection scheme depends
on the time taken by the relay to sense ,operate and open the circuit breaker . The more the
delay, greater will be the damage due to fault current. Hence by plotting the time-current
characteristics the students will be able practically understand the importance of time (quick
operation) when the magnitude of fault current is high.
After doing this experiment, the students will be able to interpret the characteristic of fuse,
identify the different types of fuses and fuse elements.
APPARATUS REQUIRED
01. Fuse wire (preferably lower rating like 1 A ,2 A ,2.5Aand 5 A).

02. Ammeter 0-5/10A MI
03. SPST Knife switch
04. 5A,230V single phase variable lamp/resistive load.

05. Stop clock / digital watch.
06. Rheostat (38 Ohm, 8.5 A) may be used in series with ammeter for adjusting the
current.
07. Single phase 0-300 V,10 A Auto transformer.
08. Single phase 220 V / 24V 20 A, transformer ( for current injection)
( Items 7 and 8 are used in alternate circuit in which current can be injected without actual
load)
CIRCUIT DIAGRAM ( see alternate circuit also)
PROCEDURE :
1. Connections are made as per the circuit diagram.
2. Switch ON the main supply by keeping the Auto-transformer in zero position and SPST
switch in open position.
3. Close the SPST switch and adjust the autotransformer and the load until the ammeter reads
1.25 times the rated current of the fuse.
4. Now open the SPST switch and observe the fuse to melt.
5. Replace the fuse wire and repeat the above procedure for 2, 3, 4 times the rated current
of the fuses.
6. In each step note down the time taken by the fuse to melt (from the instant the SPST
switch is opened till the fuse melts and ammeter reads zero).

7. Plot the time- current characteristics.
Sl no Current I amps Time in seconds
Viva Questions
1 Characteristics of fuse wire.
2 Comparisons of fuse and circuit breaker
3 Types of fuses and their applications
4 Type of fuse required for protection of transformer, generator and induction motor
ALTERNATE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENT FOR TESTING FUSE / MCB.

EXPERIMENT NO 2
AIM : STUDY THE OPERATION OF MCB AND PLOT THE OPERATING

CHARACTERISTICS
MCB has two characteristics.
1. Inverse time characteristics during over load.

2. Instantaneous characteristics during short circuit.
MCB TYPE TRIPPING CURRENT
TRIP CURVE Above 3 to 5 times rated current. Suitable for cable protection
CLASS B
TRIP CURVE Above 5 to 10 times the rated current. Suitable Domestic and residential applications and
CLASS C electromagnetic starting loads with medium starting currents
TRIP CURVE Above 10(excluding 10) to 20 times the rated current. Suitable for inductive and motor loads with
CLASS D high starting currents.
TRIP CURVE Above 8 to 12 times the rated current. Suitable for inductive and motor loads with high inrush
CLASS K currents.
TRIP CURVE Above 2 to 3 times the rated current. These type of MCBs are highly sensitive to short circuit and
CLASS Z are used for protection of highly sensitive devices such as semiconductor devices

APPARATUS REQUIRED:
01. Single Pole MCB (preferably lower rating like 6 A)

02. Ammeter 0-10A MI
03. 15 A SPST switch.
04. Single phase Auto-transformer (dimmer-stat) 0-300 V 10A
05. Resistive load,10 A single phase.
CIRCUIT DIAGRAM: (see alternate circuit also)
PROCEDURE :
2. Switch ON the main supply by keeping the Auto-transformer in zero position and SPST
switch in
open position.

3. Close the SPST switch and adjust the autotransformer and the load until the ammeter reads
1.5
times the rated current of the MCB.
4. Now open the SPST switch and observe the MCB to Trip.
5. Repeat the above procedure for 2 and 3 times the rated current of the MCB.
6. In each step note down the time taken by the MCB to Trip (from the instant the SPST
switch is opened till the MCB Trips)
7. Plot the time-current characteristics.
TABULAR COLUMN
Sl no Current I amps Time in seconds
Note:( 1500 W Electric Iron or Hair drier or heating coil may be used as load)
Viva questions:
1. What is an MCB.
2. Different Classes of MCB.
3. Which class of MCB is choosen for motor protection.
4. What is meant by instantaneous characteristics and inverse time characteristics of
MCB.

ALTERNATE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENT FOR TESTING FUSE / MCB.
EXPERIMENT NO 3
AIM : TO TEST THE OPERATION OF SINGLE PHASE ELCB / RCCB
APPARATUS REQUIRED:
1. 10 A /16 A ,30 mA / 60mA sensitivity single phase ELCB.

2. 5 A socket with Earth pin connected to the earthing.
3. 0-100 mA Ammeter.
4. 1 A 250 V ,4k POT
5. 100 W incandescent bulb.
CIRCUIT DIAGRAM

PROCEDURE:
1.Connections are made as per the circuit diagram.
2. Switch ON the main supply and ELCB.
3. Switch ON SPST .
4. Vary the POT and note down the current at which the ELCB trips.
5. Verify the whether the ELCB tripped as per current sensitivity specification.
EXPERIMENT NO 4
AIM : TO TEST THE OPERATION OF A EARTH FAULT/ EARTH LEAKAGE RELAY
APPARATUS REQUIRED:
01. Power contactor with 230 V coil voltage.

02. Earth Leakage Relay with suitable CBCT set.
03. Push button switches
04. SPST
05. Lamps
CIRCUIT DIAGRAM
Note: The circuit given above is basically a DOL starter circuit. This may be treated
as equivalent to a circuit breaker (MCCB or ACB)with Earth Fault/Leakage Relay
and CBCT .
The lamp load may be assumed as the equipment ( motor or generator or transformer )
being protected against earth fault.
The pick up current and trip time should be adjusted using the DIP switches provided
on the front face of the Earth Leakage/fault relay. (static type relays have dip
switches whereas digital relays have touch key pads).
PROCEDURE:

02. Switch ON the main supply switch with SPST switch in open condition.
03. Press the ON push button switch so that the lamp is ON.
04. Now close SPST switch and observe the Earth Leakage Relay which will trip the
contactor (Circuit Breaker)
05. Note down and Verify the tripping time and current as per DIP settings.
(The secondary current of CBCT may be measured using a ammeter in the CT circuit
or using a clamp-on meter)

TRIANER KITS BASED EXPERIMENTS
EXAMPLE WIRING FOR TESTING - OVER / UNDER VOLTAGE RELAY USING
Relay testing may be done using discrete components / devices or by using trainer kits.
Keeping the cost of relays in mind and multiple handling /usage of the components, it is
preferred to conduct relay testing experiments using trainer kits. The above diagram shows
two kits namely voltage injection kit and the other one is the relay under test. (similarly,
for testing over current relay current injection kit will be used). The wirings are made using
patch cords as shown in the diagram.
The concept of wiring is same for testing other relays like over current relay, earth fault relay.
The voltage injection kit has the following features:
01. DC, 110 V Aux power supply for relay.

02. Variable Voltage Source to test the operation of the relay ( over voltage or under
voltage).
03. Digital timer for measuring the time taken by the relay to operate when the voltage
exceeds the set value.
CONDUCTION OF THE EXPERIMENT

Initially the plug setting and the time setting will be made on the relay.( In case of static
relays, DIP switches will be adjusted as per requirement and in case of digital / numerical
relays , programming will be done by using touch pads / buttons / keys on the numerical
relay)
Selector switches are provided for set and test positions on the voltage injection kit.
First the selector switch will be put onset position and the voltage source will be varied until
the relay operates. After setting the voltage at which relay operates, the position of variable
voltage will be kept constant (i.e, it will be not be disturbed) and the relay and the timer will
be reset. Now the selector switch will be put on test position and the time taken by the relay
to operate is noted. The experiment is repeated for different voltages, plug setting and time
settings.
The above procedure is common for all trainer kit based relay experiments.
NOTE: The trainer kits may of separate voltage / current injection kit and separate relay kits
as shown above OR combine kits as shown below.
ACTIVITY EXPERIMENTS
EXPERIMENT NO. 5
AIM: TO STUDY THE OPERATION OF DOMESTIC VOLTAGE STABILZER AND

TEST IT.

RATIONALE: Voltage stabilizer is the most common protective device used in every house
hold for protection of expensive gadgets like LED TV , Fridge, Air conditioner etc., against
over voltage.
By doing this experiment the student will learn to test the operating voltage range of the
stabilizer specified the manufacturer.
APPARATUS.
01. Single phase Voltage stabilizer 500 VA .

02. Voltmeter 0-300V MI
03. 10A 0-30 V Single phase Auto-transformer (dimmer-stat)
CIRCUIT DIAGRAM
PROCEDURE:
1. Connections are made as shown in the circuit diagram.

2. Keep the power ON switch of the stabilizer in OFF condition.
3. Switch On the main supply and set the voltmeter Vin to normal operating voltage
(220 V)
4. Switch on the stabilizer and note the output voltage Vout.

5. Now slowly increase the voltage by varying the autotransformer and observe both Vin
and Vout until the stabilizer trips. Note down the over voltage Vin at trip.
6. Repeat the above procedure for under voltage trip by decreasing the input voltage.
TABULAR COLUMN
Low voltage trip in volts High voltage trip in volts
EXPERIMENT NO.6
AIM: TO TEST THE OPERATION OF THERMAL OVER LOAD RELAY AND PLOT
THE TIME - CURRENT CHARACTERISTICS.
APPARATUS REQUIRED
01. Themal over load relay0-10 A ,415 V

02. Ammeter 0-10A MI
03. 15 A SP switch

04. 10A 0-300 V Single phase Auto-transformer (dimmer-stat)
05. 220V/12V ,20 A Single phase transformer( CURRENT INJECTION).
CIRCUIT DIAGRAM
PROCEDURE:

2. Adjust the current rating on OLR (using pointer or knob in the frontside).
3. Switch ON the main supply by keeping SPST in closed position.
4. Switch ON and the vary the autotransformer and set the ammeter current to the
desired test current ( say 1.5 or 2 times the rated current of the OLR)
5. Now open the SPST and observe the OLR to trip.
6. Note down the time for tripping.

7. Reset the OLR and wait for 10 minutes for the OLR to cool down.
8. Repeat the above experiment for 2.5, 3 , 4 times the rated current of OLR).
9. The operation of NO and NC of OLR while tripping may be checked with the help of
series test lamp as shown in the circuit diagram.
10. Plot the time-current characteristics.
TABULAR COLUMN
Sl. Current setting on Tripping current Tripping Time in

No. OLR in Amps Amps secs.
Example graph.
EXPERIMENT NO. 7
AIM: TO CONDUCT BURDEN TEST ON CT AND DETERMINE ITSVA

RATING.
APPARATUS REQUIRED:

01. CT on which burden test has to be conducted.
02. Ammeter 0-5A MI
03. Voltmeter 0-300 V MI
04. Auto-transformer 0-300 V , 10 A
05. Current injection transformer- 220/12 V, 20 A
CIRCUIT DIAGRAM
PROCEDURE:
01. Connections are made as per the diagram.

02. Switch ON the main supply and slowly vary the autotransformer till rated current
passes through secondary of the CT.
03. Note down the voltage drop across the secondary of the CT.
04. Calculate the VA burden = Voltmeter reading x Ammeter reading.
SOME USEFUL TIPS / INFORMATION
Evolution of Relays:

Mechanical relays developed in the 1800s were the first form of electrical protection. While
still being reliable and widely used these were superseded by static relays in the early 1980s.
Static relays have no moving parts (hence the name) and operated on the basis of analogue
circuitry. More recently static relays have been superseded by first digital relays and now
numerical microprocessor based devices.
Tripping Curves
IEC 60255 Characteristics
The IEC 60255 standard defines four standard current time characteristics – standard inverse
(SI), very inverse (VI), extremely inverse (EI) and long-time inverse. Each characteristic can
be calculated from:
where:
t = tripping time in (S)
I = fault (actual) secondary CT current (A)
Is = relay pick-up current setting)
TMS = time multiplier setting
Characteristic α K
Standard 0.02 0.14

Inverse
Very Inverse 1.0 13.5
Extremely 2.0 80
Inverse
Long-time 1.0 120

Inverse
Relay characteristics are sometimes classified according to the tripping time at 10 times the
setting current (i.e. [3s/10] - a standard inverse curve which will trip in 3 seconds at 10 times
the current setting). Tripping times for the various relays are:
Standard Inverse (SI) [3s/10] or [1.3s/10]
Very Inverse (VI) [1.5s/10]
Extremely Inverse (EI) [0.8s/10]
Long Time Standard Earth Fault [13.3s/10]
North American Characteristics
Current time characteristics in North America as classified

as IEEE Moderately Inverse, IEEE Very Inverse, IEEE
Extremely Inverse, US C08 Inverse and US CO2 Short
Time Inverse. These are given by:
where:
t = tripping time in (S)
I = fault (actual) secondary CT current (A)
Is = relay pick-up current setting
TD = time dial setting (multiplier)
Characteristic α β K

IEEE Moderately 0.02 0.114 0.0515
Inverse
IEEE Very 2.0 0.491 19.61

Inverse
IEEE Extremely 2.0 0.1217 28.2

Inverse
US CO8 Inverse 2.0 0.18 5.95
US CO2 Short 0.02 0.01694 0.02394

Time Inverse
Setting Example (IEC 60255)
An 1000 Amp breaker protected by relay with Standard Inverse characteristic. The relay
pick-up current value is set at 0.8, time multiplier setting is 7 and the fault current is 8000
A. What will be the tripping time?
∑ - from the table α = 0.02, K = 0.14

∑ - pick-up current setting = 1000 A x 0.8 = 800 A
∑ - using the IEC 60255 equations, the tripping time is:
CDG11/16 Curves
If you have the 3sec relay's trip curve, you can just multiply the time with 1.3 and divide the
answer with 3. That is the time for the 1.3sec relay.
GEC / English Electric / Alstom /Areva

Labeling the model from left to right, using number CDG31 etc. 1=C, 2=D c=G etc.:
1. operating quantity (C - current, D - differential, V- voltage)

2. basic movement (D - induction disc, M - balanced armature, T - static)
3. Application (G- general or generator, E - earth, U - definite time, F - flag, M - motor,
D - directional)
4. number of units (ie CDG3x is a 3 element / unit CDG relay)

5. characteristic (for CDG, 1= std inverse (3s), 2= long time delay, 3=very inverse
(1.55s), 4=extremely inverse (0.6s), 6=Long Time Standard Earth Fault)
6. case size (15 different cases, A=size 1 draw out, 10 terminal etc.)
7. case mounting (F=flush etc.)
8. identification (identifies rating, contact arrangement etc. 2= 'metricated')
9. suffix ('5' is for 50Hz only relays, '6' for 60Hz)
Example - CDG 34EG0022A5 is a current operated, induction disc general relay, with three
extremely inverse elements and is a 50 Hz unit.
***

Board of Technical Examinations, Bengaluru.
Course Title :ESTIMATION SIMULATION LAB

Course Code :15EE57P
Programme: ELECTRICAL AND ELECTRONICS ENGINEERING.
Pre-requisites : Knowledge about–Analog and Digital Electronics, Concepts of power

circuit and control circuits, working principle of electric motors and their
applications, working principles of transformers and their ratings, circuit
breakers, isolators, switches.
Course Objectives : To know the components used in Domestic wirings, erection of towers and
substations. To provide systematic training on drawings of Single-Line
Diagrams of Towers, Substations and prepare materials required.
Course Outcomes:
1. Understand the meaning of specification, estimation, standardization, tender and

earthing.
2. Estimate service connections for over head and underground and prepare schedule
of materials
3. Design lighting installations and prepare schedule of materials.
4. Design power installations and prepare schedule of materials.
5. Prepare schedule of materials of distribution lines and transformers.

LIST OF GRADED EXERCISES :
SL
LIST OF GRADED EXERCISES Hours
No.
Design an Electrical Installation for the Residential building.
∑ Total Connected lighting load is 800 Watts.

(Refer the Layout plan for load segregation).
∑ Electrical pole is 10 Mtrs away from the building.
1 06
Generate a Single Line diagram for the above electrical Installation mentioning
the cable sizes (1ph+N+PE), protection devices used at the Mains.
Calculate the size of the Over head Aluminum cable required and generate the
complete bill of Materials
Design an Electrical Installation for the Residential building with AEH

Connection for the given load matrix.
Location Light Fan 5 A socket 15 A socket
Front verandah 1 1
Drawing room 1 1 2 1
Dining room 1 2 1
Bed room 1 1 1
2 12
Kitchen 1 1 1
Bath room 1 1
Generate the electrical network and show distinctly the various sub circuits on
the installation plan; calculate the size of the wire required for each sub circuits.
Calculate the size of the cable required in Under Ground system and Generate the
Design an Electrical network for the Workshop with the following loads.
3 06
i. 1 No. drilling machine: 3 Ph, 440V, 1 Hp
ii. 2 Nos. Lathes: 3 Ph, 440V, 2 Hp each

iii. 1 No. Grinding machine: 3 Ph, 440V, 1 Hp
iv. 1 No. Milling machine: 3 Ph, 440V, 10 Hp
( Refer the Layout plan for the position of machines)
Assume the power factor as 0.8 and the efficiency of the machines are 85% with
DOL starters.
Calculate the size of the cables used in each motor feeder section along with its
protection devices.
Generate the complete bill of materials and segregate feeder wise.
Hostel building in a Polytechnic has 3 floors. The First and Second Floors are
similar to Ground Floor and there are 20 Rooms and 14 bathrooms /Toilets in
each floor.
o Each room is having 2 Light points, One Fan point and One 5
Amps socket point.
o Each bathroom/Toilet has One Light point.
4 ∑ Common room in each floor has 4 Light points, 2 Fan points and 2 Nos of 5 12
Amps Socket outlet.
∑ Corridor and Stair case has 11 Light points for each floor.
∑ Ground floor has 8 Outdoor lighting points.
Design an Electrical Network for the hostel building, indicating the ratings of
each protection devices used at the Mains and at the Switchboard level.
5 Size the Service Mains cable for the Exercise 4. 06
A small factory having 3 phase four wire 415 volts supply comprises of the
following:
∑ Sixty lightings points in the factory of 100 watts each

∑ One 8 kW motor with 0.8 p.f and four 8 kW motors with 0.7 p.f.
∑ 15 lighting points in the office of 150 watts each
6 06
∑ 5 heating points in the office with 2 kW load on each outlet
∑ Six socket outlets in the office for 0.5 kW motor.
Prepare a schematic diagram along with the sub-circuit arrangement and control
equipments.
Consider an industrial site having 3 phase four wire 415 volts supply, comprises
of the following load groups
7 ∑ Load group 1: 3 phase four wire; total 450 kW power with 0.8 p.f 12
∑ Load group 2: 3 phase four wire; total 100 kW power with 0.7 p.f
The engineer is asked to maintain a unity power factor at the Main Low voltage

switch board.
Calculate the rating of the compensation capacitor (kVAR) required.
Realize the schematic and find the order & type of capacitor required.
8 Pump house is having 2 No. of 5 H.P. Irrigation pump sets with Individual Star
Delta starters is located adjacent to well Distance between the Electrical Pole and
Pump house is 5 Meters and The pump is 10 Meters away from the Motor starter
located in Pump house.
Calculate the size of the Mains cable connecting the Mains and Motor starters. 06
Also design the ratings of the Starters (OLRs) and the contactors (Y-∆).
Specify also the cable sizes required to connect Pump and Starters.
Draw the Electrical schematics network .

9 Calculate the rating of the compensation capacitor (kVAR) required to improve
the Power factor to Unity for the exercise 8.
Realize the schematic and find the order & type of capacitor required 06
10 New polytechnic campus is given 60KW load. New 100KVA Transformer is to

be installed 100mts away from the campus.
Prepare materials required for installing new 100KVA transformer.
Generate the electrical network and show distinctly the various sub circuits on 06
the installation plan.
Calculate the size of the underground cable required in Under Ground system
from 100KVA transformer to college campus and Generate the complete bill of
Materials

e-Resources: Any available open-source simulation software.
Any available open-source simulation software like
My Ecodial L 3.4
Or
Ecodial Advance International 4.X
http://www.schneider-electric.com/en/product-category/5100-software/?filter=business-4-
low-voltage-products-and-systems
Sl.
No.
1 Remembering 10
2 Understanding 20
Total 100

Mapping Course Outcomes with Program Outcomes: (Course Outcome
linkage to Cognitive Level)
PO Cognitive
Experiment linked
Mapped Level
Understand the meaning of specification,
2, 3, 8,
CO1 estimation, standardization, tender and 1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9 R/A/C
9, 10
earthing.
Estimate service connections for over head
2, 3, 8,
CO2 and underground and prepare schedule of 1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10 U/A
9, 10
materials
Design lighting installations and prepare 2, 3,4, 8,
CO3 1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9 U/A/C/E
schedule of materials 9, 10
Design power installations and prepare 2, 3,4, 8,

CO4 3,4,5,6,7,8,9 A/C
schedule of materials. 9, 10
Prepare schedule of materials of distribution 2, 3,4, 8,

CO5 10 A/C
lines and transformers. 9, 10
Programme Outcomes
Course
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
Estimation
Simulation 0 3 3 3 0 0 0 3 3 3
Lab

Course Delivery:
The laboratory Course will be delivered through Tutorial, laboratory interaction, group
discussion, practical exercises, instructions, assignments and viva voice.
Tutorial - 1Hr:
Staff-in-charge will;
1. Explain the components used in simulation software.

2. Ask the students to draw the Single-line diagram manually.
3. Guide the students to draw the Single-line diagram using simulation software.
Each student must draw the Single-line diagram using simulation software and generate the

To Evidence Course
Two IA tests for
tests)
Record Writing
Record
(Average of Marks 10 Lab Record 1 to 6
Writing
allotted for each
experiment.)
3 pages
Report
TOTAL 25
End Answer
Exam Scripts

on course Course
End of Course
Survey
Note:
higher digit.

Suggested Student Activity (any one to be submitted with 3 pages report):
The following problems may be solved Analytically on Paper or using

Spreadsheet (e.g. MS-Excel) or MATLAB or any available software, and
submit complete solution;
1 New 5MVA, 66KV/11KV substation is to be established. Existing 66KV Double circuit

transmission line is 10KM away from New substation.
Generate the electrical network and show distinctly the various sub circuits on the
installation plan.
Calculate the size of the cable required in overhead system and number of transmission
structure from 66KV Double circuit transmission to new substation and Generate the
2 Design 5MVA , 66KV/11KV substation. Generate the complete bill of Materials

Scheme of Valuation for SEE (Semester End Examination):
Sl.
Particulars Marks
No.
1. Design and generate bill of materials for the given exercise 30
2. Results 10
3. Viva-Voce 10
Total 50

Course Title: ESTIMATION SIMULATION LAB Course Code: 15EE57P
1. Design an Electrical Installation for the Residential building for given connected
load.
Generate a Single Line diagram for the above electrical Installation mentioning the
cable sizes (1ph+N+PE), protection devices used at the Mains.
Calculate the size of the Over head Aluminium cable required and generate the
2. Design an Electrical Installation for the Residential building with AEH Connection
for the given load matrix.
Generate the electrical network and show distinctly the various sub circuits on the
installation plan; calculate the size of the wire required for each sub circuits.
Calculate the size of the cable required in Under Ground system and Generate the
3. Design an Electrical network for the Workshop with the following loads.
i. 1 No. drilling machine: 3 Ph, 440V, 2Hp

ii. 2 Nos. Lathes: 3 Ph, 440V, 3Hp each
iii. 1 No. Grinding machine: 3 Ph, 440V, 2Hp
iv. 1 No. Milling machine: 3 Ph, 440V, 5Hp
(Refer the Layout plan for the position of machines)
Assume the power factor as 0.85 and the efficiency of the machines are 80% with DOL
starters.
Calculate the size of the cables used in each motor feeder section along with its protection
devices.

i. 1 No. drilling machine: 3 Ph, 440V, 1 Hp

ii. 2 Nos. Lathes: 3 Ph, 440V, 5Hp each
iii. 1 No. Grinding machine: 3 Ph, 440V,2Hp
iv. 1 No. Milling machine: 3 Ph, 440V, 10 Hp

starters.
devices.

i. 1 No. drilling machine: 3 Ph, 440V, 2Hp

ii. 2 Nos. Lathes: 3 Ph, 440V, 2 Hp each
iii. 1 No. Grinding machine: 3 Ph, 440V, 2Hp
iv. 1 No. Milling machine: 3 Ph, 440V, 15Hp
starters.
devices.

6. Hostel building in a Polytechnic has 2 Floors. The First and Second Floors are similar to
Ground Floor and there are 25 Rooms and 15 bathrooms /Toilets in each floor.
o Each room is having 2 Light points, One Fan point and One 5 Amps socket
point.
o Each bathroom/Toilet has One Light point.
∑ Common room in each floor has 5 Light points, 2 Fan points and 2 Nos of 5 Amps
Socket outlet.
∑ Corridor and Stair case has 15 Light points for each floor.
∑ Ground floor has 10 Outdoor lighting points.
Design an Electrical Network for the hostel building, indicating the ratings of each protection
devices used at the Mains and at the Switchboard level.
7. A small factory having 3 phase four wire 415 volts supply comprises of the following:
∑ 70 lightings points in the factory of 100 watts each

∑ One 10 kW motor with 0.85p.f and four 10 kW motors with 0.75p.f.
∑ 25 lighting points in the office of 100 watts each
∑ 8 heating points in the office with 2.5 kW load on each outlet
∑ 10socket outlets in the office for 0.75 kW motor.
Prepare a schematic diagram along with the sub-circuit arrangement and control equipments.

8. Consider an industrial site having 3 phase four wire 415 volts supply, comprises of the
following load groups
∑ Load group 1: 3 phase four wire; total 500kW power with 0.85p.f
∑ Load group 2: 3 phase four wire; total 150 kW power with 0.75p.f
The engineer is asked to maintain a unity power factor at the Main Low voltage switch board.
Calculate the rating of the compensation capacitor (kVAr) required.
Realize the schematic and find the order & type of capacitor required
9. Pump house is having 3Nos of 5 H.P. Irrigation pump sets with Individual Star Delta
starters is located adjacent to well Distance between the Electrical Pole and Pump house is
6Metres and The pump is 15Metres away from the Motor starter located in Pump house.
Calculate the size of the Mains cable connecting the Mains and Motor starters.
Also design the ratings of the Starters (OLRs) and the contactors (Y-∆).
Specify also the cable sizes required to connect Pump and Starters.
Draw the Electrical schematics network.
10. Calculate the rating of the compensation capacitor (kVAr) required to improve the Power
factor to Unity for the exercise 9.
Realize the schematic and find the order & type of capacitor required
11. New polytechnic campus is given 70KW load. New 100KVA Transformer is to be
installed 90mts away from the campus.
Prepare materials required for installing new 100KVA transformer.
Generate the electrical network and show distinctly the various sub circuits on the installation
plan.
Calculate the size of the under ground cable required in Under Ground system from 100KVA
transformer to college campus and Generate the complete bill of Materials
12. New 5MVA, 66KV/11KV substation is to be established. Existing 66KV Double circuit
transmission line is 15KM away from New substation.
Generate the electrical network and show distinctly the various sub circuits on the installation
plan.
Calculate the size of the cable required in overhead system and number of transmission
structure from 66KV Double circuit transmission to new substation and generate the
13. Design 5MVA, 66KV/11KV substation. Generate the complete bill of Materials.

Estimation Simulation Lab Equipments Requirement:
Quantity
Required
1 Computers with latest configuration 20 NOs.
2 Estimation simulations Related software’s 10 NOs.
3 Printers 20NOs.
******************************************************

Course Title :PROJECT WORK-I Course Code : 15EE58P

Teaching Scheme (L:T:P) : 0:1:2 (in Hours) Credits : -
Type of course : Practical Total Contact Hours : 39 hrs
CIE : 25 Marks SEE
Programme: ELECTRICAL AND ELECTRONICS Engg.
Course Objectives:
1. Learn the objective of this project is to provide opportunity for the students to implement
their skills acquired in the previous semesters to practical problems/problems faced by
industry/development of new facilities
2. Make the students come up with innovative/ new ideas in his area of interest.
3. Identify, analyze and develop opportunities as well as to solve broadly defined Electrical
and Electronics Engineering problems
4. Enhance students’ appreciation of the values of social responsibility, legal and ethical
principles, through the analysis and discussion of relevant articles and real time projects
Course outcomes:
On successful completion of the course, the students will be able to:

CL Linked Allotted
Course Outcome
PO hours
Understand the identification of topic
CO1 for project R/U 2 TO 10
CO2 Demonstrate collection of data

U/A/C 2 to 10
related to project
CO3 Develop the ideas while executing
U/A/C 2 to 10
the project.
Exposure to latest trends required to 3hrs/Week
CO4 execute the project E 2 to 10
CO5 Preparation of synopses and log sheet

A/C/E 2 to 10
CO6 Present power point presentation for

A/C 2 to 10
the synopsis chosen
TOTAL 39 Hours
Directorate of Technical Education Karnataka State 15EE58P Page 1

MAPPING COURSE OUTCOMES WITH PROGRAM OUTCOMES
Programme Outcome
PO1 PO2 PO3 PO4 PO5 PO6 PO7 PO8 PO9 PO10
Course
PROJECT WORK 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3
Sl.
No.
1 Remembering 10
2 Understanding 15
4 Create 30
5 Evaluate 20
Total 100

A. INTRODUCTION
The objective of the project work is to enable the students in convenient groups of maximum
of 5 members on a project involving theoretical and experimental studies related to the
branch of study. Every project work shall have a guide who is the member of the faculty of
the institution. Three periods per week shall be allotted in the time table and this time shall be
utilized by the students to receive the directions from the guide, on library reading, laboratory
work, computer analysis or field work as assigned by the guide and also to present in
periodical seminars on the progress made in the project.
B. TIME FRAME FOR THE PROJECT
∑ Formation of team
∑ Identification of project
∑ Collection of data /material/etc
∑ If needed a visit may be given to any relevant industry/institution/site/substation.
∑ Preparation of synopses Maintenance of log sheet
∑ power point presentation for the synopsis chosen
C.Format of log sheet for project work
Sl.No. Date Project activity Initials of Guide

Course Assessment and Evaluation Scheme for Project work
What To When/Where Max Evidence Course

who (Frequency in the Mark collected outcomes
m course) s
At the end of
semester) 1. Project CO1, CO2,
Synopsis. CO3,CO4,CO5,
25
CO6
2. Log sheet
End of the course Log sheet and Project Synopsis.

Student CO1Delivery
Middle of the
Feedback on Feedback forms of course
course
course
End of CO1 to CO6
Course Effectiveness
Survey of Delivery of
End of the course
Seminar instructions &
Assessment
Methods
*CIE – Continuous Internal Evaluation

MODEL OF RUBRICS FOR ASSESSING REVIEWS OF PROJECT FOR CIE
Studen Reg Dimension Scale Students Score

t name no
Unsatisfact Developi satisfacto Good Exempla 1 2 3 4 5
ory ng ry ry
Collect
Collects Collects Collects
much
Does not very some a great
informati
collect any limited basic deal of
Collection on; but
information informati informati informati
of data very
relating to on; some on; most on; all
limited
the topic relate to refer to refer to
relate to
the topic the topic the topic
the topic
Does not Performs
Performs
Fulfill perform Performs all duties
very little Performs
team’s any duties very of
duties but nearly all
roles & assigned to little assigned
unreliabl duties
duties the team duties team
e.
role roles
Always
Rarely Usually
does the
does the does the
Normall assigned
Always assigned assigned
Shares y does work
relies on work; work;
work the without
others to do often rarely
equally assigned having to
the work needs needs
work be
remindin remindin
reminded
g g
.
Usually
Talks
does
Is always good;
most of Listens, Listens
Listen to talking; but never
the but and
other never show
talking; sometim speaks a
Team allows interest
rarely es talk fair
mates anyone else in
allows too much amount
to speak listening
others to
others
speak

D. SCHEME OF EVALUATION (CIE only)
Student will be awarded a maximum of 25 marks CIE considering his activities based on log
sheet and synopsis produced by the student.
Scheme of Evaluation
1 Log record 05
2 Synopsis 10
3 Presentation 10
Total 25
Fields identified for Project work

Each student may be assigned any one of the following types of project work:
According to the local needs, the following major projects are suggested:
The following areas may be chosen while selecting a project work:-
1. PLC based
2. Microcontroller based
3. Application software based
4. Load survey study in order to select suitable meter /motor/
capacitor/energy conservation /to improve the overall system in
following places:-
a. Institution
b. Hostel
c. Apartment
d. Industry
e. KEB/BSNL
f. Substation
g. Any feeder line
7 Power electronics based
8 Electric drive based
9 Energy Conservation related project
10 Modernization of existing laboratory
11 Automation based
12 Non Conventional generation of electric energy
13 Electric Motor Control
14 Switchgear and Protection based
15 Any other innovative ideas in the field of electrical and
electronics field.

TIME FRAME FOR THE PROJECT
1. Carry out a session or a seminar from the ISTEStudent Chapter coordinator /

Programme coordinator with the help of Innovation club / I II cell for directing the
students to identify project areas in the field of their interested including
interdisciplinary areas.
2. Power point presentation in seminar should include detail description of project areas
related to program,, Project report formats, developing personnel writing skills.
3. The Students/Departments may at liberty to form the batch not less than 5 and
maximum 8at the end of V semester.
4. Students should take the approval from the Project committee/ Head of department
fordoing project.
5. After approval the batch of students will be published in department notice board
along with guide in the end of5th semester.
6. All students should finalize their Project immediately before commencement of SEE
of 5th semester.
7. The types of project may include:
∑ Industrial case study
∑ Preparation of a feasibility report
∑ Design and development of equipment.
∑ The overhauling of existing equipment
∑ Creation of New facilities
8. The project should be challenging but manageable within the resources and time
available.
9. Students should undergo reviews for three times in 6th semester during the internal
assessment. Time table for IA should include project review. The guide should
monitor the progress of Project work periodically and it should be finally evaluated
for 25 marks at the end of 6th semester.
10. The IA marks will be evaluated based on oral presentation and assessment by the
internal guide by adopting Rubrics being developed by Project committee.
11. Real time problems, Industry related problems, should be chosen and it is a
Responsibilities of the project committee / Programme coordinator/ Innovation club /
I.I.T. cell to choose the appropriate project and to accept the Project Proposal
12. Identification of Topic: The selection of topic is of crucial importance. It should be
field of interest. It is advisable to choose the project can be completed on time and
within the budget and resources. The topic should be clear, directional, focussed and
feasible.
13. An outline of project proposal submitted & synopsis from student will initiate a
dialogue between Student and Project coordinator who will then help you to work on
the chosen topic and report.

MODEL PROJECT SCHEDULING (PROJECT TIME LINE)
END OF
TASK Responsibility VI SEMESTER
SL.No V SEMESTER
WEEK Project 12 13 14 15 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14
1 Seminar regarding Project work Com/HOD
2 Batch formation &Guide allocation HOD
3 Identification of project Students/Guide
4 Project synopsis Submission Students
5 Finalisation of Project Students/Guide
6 Literature survey Students/Guide
7 Identification of facility to do PW Guide
Using the knowledge of latest trends Students/Guide
8 in design/simulation and fabrication of
the project
Conduct test to examine the Students
9 performance of the project .Results
discussion
10 Review of Project report by guide Students
Project report submission & Seminar Students/Guide
11
using power point presentation

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Government of Karnataka

Department of Technical Education

Course Title: POWER ELECTRONICS Course Code : 15EE51T

Pre-requisites : Knowledge of Electrical machines, Analog & Digital Electronics

Course Objectives : To introduce the concept of semiconductors devices for high

1 Power Semiconductor Devices 9

2 SCR Control Circuits 6

3 Ratings, Protection & Mounting of Thyristors 3

Directorate of Technical Education Karnataka State 15EE51T Page 1

1. Understand the basics of power semiconductor devices

2. Explain Thyristor control circuits

3. Generalize the protection of Thyristors

4. Analyze the working of DC and AC Converters

5. Describe the operation of power supplies.

6. Illustrate the applications of power Electronics.

Composition of Educational Components

Sl. Total Marks

Total 100 145

Directorate of Technical Education Karnataka State 15EE51T Page 2

CL Linked Teaching Hrs

Understand the basics of power 2,10 9

CO2 Explain Thyristor control circuits U/A 2,4,10 6

Generalize the protection of 2,10 3

Analyze the working of DC and 4,10 13

Describe the operation of power 4,10 8

Illustrate the applications of power 13

Directorate of Technical Education Karnataka State 15EE51T Page 3

Analyze the working

Directorate of Technical Education Karnataka State 15EE51T Page 4

Directorate of Technical Education Karnataka State 15EE51T Page 5

Directorate of Technical Education Karnataka State 15EE51T Page 6

Directorate of Technical Education Karnataka State 15EE51T Page 7

End Exam 100 Scripts at 1 to 6

Student Feedback on Middle Of

Feed Back Forms 1 to 6

*CIE – Continuous Internal Evaluation *SEE – Semester End Examination

Directorate of Technical Education Karnataka State 15EE51T Page 8

Describe the concept of power electronics

Explain the static V-I characteristic curve of SCR, Enumerate

Directorate of Technical Education Karnataka State 15EE51T Page 9

Directorate of Technical Education Karnataka State 15EE51T Page 10

Unit V POWER SUPPLIES AND STABILIZERS 8Hours

Directorate of Technical Education Karnataka State 15EE51T Page 11

Directorate of Technical Education Karnataka State 15EE51T Page 12

Dimen Scale Students score

1 Descriptor Descriptor Descriptor Descriptor Descriptor 3

2 Descriptor Descriptor Descriptor Descriptor Descriptor 2

3 Descriptor Descriptor Descriptor Descriptor Descriptor 5

4 Descriptor Descriptor Descriptor Descriptor Descriptor 4

Note: Concerned faculty (Course coordinator) must devise appropriate 14/4

Example only: MODEL OF RUBRICS / CRITERIA FOR ASSESSING STUDENT ACTIVITY-

3.Conclu Poor Less Partially Summarise Most 5

Directorate of Technical Education Karnataka State 15EE51T Page 13

Ex: I test/6th weak of V/VI SEM

Directorate of Technical Education Karnataka State 15EE51T Page 14

Test/Date and Time Semester/year Course/Course Code Max Marks

3 Explain line commutation and forced commutation (5 marks)

4 Draw R firing circuit and explain with wave forms (9 marks)

CIE – Continuous Internal Evaluation SEE – Semester End Examination

CIE – Continuous Internal Evaluation SEE – Semester End Examination