Unit - 2

Complex Numbers
Important Points
Complex number : A number of form x + iy where x, y  R and i  1 us called a complex number..
A complex number may also be defined as an order pair z   x1y  of real number

z  x  iy   x1 y 
 i  1 is called an imaginary number
 i 2   1 , i 3   i , i 4 1
1
 i
i
 a   b  i a  i b   ab
 Set of complex number is denoted by C
N  ZQR C
 z = x + iy
x is called real part of z = Re(z)
y is called imaginary part of z = Im(z)
z = x + iy= Re(z) + i Im(z)
If x = 0, y  0 then z = iy (Purely imaginary)
If x  0 , y = 0 then z = x (Purely real)
 z1 = z2 i.e. x1 + iy1  x 2  iy 2  x1  x 2 , y1  y 2
 Algebra of complex numbers :
Let z1 = x1 + iy1 and z2 = x2 + iy2 be two complex numbers, x1 , y1 x 2 , y 2  R then
(1) z1 + z2 = (x1 + x2) + i(y1 + y2)
(2) z1 - z2 = (x1 - x2) + i(y1 - y2)
(3) z1z2 = (x1x2 - y1y2) + i(x1y2 + x2y1)
z1 x1x 2  y1y 2 x 2 y1  x1y 2
(4) z  x 2  y 2  i x 2  y 2 , x 22  y 22  0
2 2 2 2 2

 Conjugate of complex number.

conjugate of complex number z = a + ib is defined as z  a  ib
properties : Let z = x + iy


(I) z  Z

(II) z  z  y  0

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 (III) z   z  x  0

(IV) z  z  2 Re  z  , z  z  2 Im  z 

(V) z1  z 2  z1  z 2

(VI) z1z 2  z1 z 2

 z1  z
(VII)  z   z ,
1
z2  0
 2 2

(VIII) If z  f  z1   
then z  f z1
n
  
n
(IX) z  z


(X) z1 z 2  z 2 z1  2 Re(z1z 2 )  2 Re z1 z 2 
 modulus (absolute value) of complex number. If z = x + iy be complex number then its modulus
denoted by z or r defined as r  z  x 2  y 2
properties :
let z1 = x1 + iy1 , z2 = x2 + iy2 be two
complex numbers, then
(1) z 0

(2) z 0  z 0

(3) z  z  z  z
2
(4) zz z

(5)  z  Re  z   z and  z  Im(z)  z

n
(6) zn  z

(7) z1z 2  z1 z 2

z1 z1
(8) 
z2 z2

(9) z1  z 2  z1  z 2

(10) z1  z 2  z1  z 2

(11)
2 2 2
z1  z 2  z1  z 2  2 Re z1 z 2  
 2 Re  z z 
2 2 2
(12) z1  z 2  z1  z 2 1 2

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(13)
2 2

z1  z 2  z1  z 2  2 z1  z 2
2 2

 If z = x + iy is a non zero complex number, which is represented by p(x,y) in the argand plane

 z  r  op  x 2  y 2

 Argument (Amplitude) of z is the angle, which is OP makes with the +ve direction of x-axis. It is
denoted by arg(z) (or Amp(z)) i.e.  = arg(z)
 (i) P  z  x  iy  = P(x,y) lies in I'st guadrant then  = arg(z) = tan 1 y x (x > 0, y > 0)
1 y
(ii) P(z = x + iy) = P(x,y) lies in II'nd guadrant then  = arg(z) =   tan x (x < 0, y > 0)

(iii) P(z = x + iy) = P(x,y) lies in III'rd guadrant then  = arg(z) =   tan
1
  (x < 0, y < 0)
y
x

| y|
(iv) P(z = x + iy) = P(x,y) lies in IVth guadrant then  = arg(z) = - tan-1    x  0, y  0 
 x 
If  is principal argument of z then  ( ,  ]
 Properties of arguments :
(1) arg(z1z2) = arg (z1) + arg (z2)
 z1 
(2) arg  z  = arg(z1 )  arg(z 2 )
 2

 z  = 2arg(z) = arg(z )
(3) arg z 2

(4) arg (zn) = n arg z

(5) arg z = -arg (z)

 z2   z1 
(6) If arg     then arg    2k   , k  z
 z1   z2 

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 Polar form of a complex number :
Let z = x + iy be a complex number represented by the point P(x,y) in Argand plane From figure

OP = r = z  x 2  y 2
OM = x, PM = y and m  XOP   then z = x +iy
z  r (cos   i sin ) . This form of z is called polar or trigonometric form.
z  x  iy  r (cos   i sin )
x  r cos , y  r sin   ( ,  ]
 z = x + iy
 r cos   i r sin  = r.e i  is called exponential form of a complex number z
 DE-MOIVER'S THEOREM :
 If n is an integer, then (cos   i sin )n = cosn isinn
n
 If n is not an integer, then cos n  i sin n is one of the value of  cos   i sin  
 Euler's Theorem : ei  cos   i sin 
 Logarithm of complex number z = x + iy
1 y
* log (x + iy) =
2
 
log x 2  y 2  i tan 1   , x  0
x
i.e.logz = log |z| + iarg (z)
 log (iy) = lo g y  i  2
 i= cos 
2
 i s in 
2 = ei 2

log i = i  2


log (log i) = log i + log ( 2 ) = i  log  2
2
 
 Roots of Unity :
 cube root of unity
z 3 1
z3  1  0

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 (z  1) (z 2  z  1)  0

1  3i 1  3i
z  1, z  , z
2 2
1  3i 2 1  3i
take w  then w 
2 2
2
 The cube roots of unity are 1, w, w
 Properties :
(i) 1 + w + w2 = 0
(ii) w3 =1
(iii) w3n = 1, w3n+1 = w, w3n+2 = w2
2
(iv) w 2  w ,  w w

(v) if a + bw + cw2 = 0, then a=b=c, a, b, c R

 Square root of complex number :
Let z = x +iy be complex number then
 z x z x 
z  i  for y > 0
 2 2 


 z x z x 
  i  for y < 0
 2 2 

 Geometry of complex numbers :
(1) Distance formula :
If P(z1) & Q(z2) be two distinct points in argand plane then
PQ  z1  z 2
(2) Three points P(z1), Q(z2) & R(z3) are collinear if there exists a relation az1+bz2+cz3 = 0 ( a, b, c R ),
such that a + b + c = 0
(3) Equation of straight line :
Equation of line through P(z1) & Q(z2) is given by
z  z1 z  z1
z 2  z1 =
z 2  z1

z z 1
z1 z1 1  0
OR
z2 z2 1

(4) The equation of perpendicular bisector of the line segmnet joining P(z1) & Q(Z2) is

 
z z1  z 2  z  z1  z 2  = z1 2  z 2 2

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(5) Equation of a circle :
 equation of circle with center z1 and radius r is z  z1  r

z  z1
 z  z k replesents a st. line if k = 1, and represents a circle if k  1
2

2 2 1 2
 The equation z  z1  z  z 2  k represent circle if k  2 z1  z 2
 If A(z1) & B(z2) are and points of diameter than equ. of circle is
 z  z1   z  z2    z  z2  (z  z1 ) =0
 Equation of the circle passing through three points A(z1), B(z2), C(z3) is
 z  z 3   z 2  z1   z  z 3  z 2  z1 
  =   
 z  z1  z 2  z3   z  z1  z 2  z3 
 If four points A(z1), B(z2), C(z3), D(z4) are concyclic then
 z1  z 2   z 3  z 4 
   is purely real
 z1  z 4  z 3  z 2 
(6) If z  z1  z  z 2  2a , where 2a  z1  z 2 then z describes an ellipse with foci z1 and z2, a  R

(7) If z  z1  z  z 2  2a , where 2a  z1  z 2 then z describes a hyperbola with foci z1 & z2 , a  R

 Multiplicative Inverse of a non-zero complex number
let z = a + ib = (a,b)  0 then
1 a b
z 1   2 2
i 2
z a b a  b2

42
 Question Bank
1. If z = x+iy, x,y  R and 3x+(3x-y) i=4-6 i then z = _____
4 4 -4 -4
(a) + i 10 (b) - i 10 (c) + i 10 (d) - i 10
3 3 3 3
2
 19  1  25 
2. Evahate i    
  i  
(a) 4 (b) -4 (c) 5 (d) -5
3. i1  i 2  i3  i 4  ......  i1000  ______
(a) -1 (b) 0 (c) 1
(d) None
1
4. The expresion of comlex mmber in the form a+ib is ________
1  cosθ  i sinθ

Sinθ 1 1 sinθ
(a) i (b) 2  i 2 1  cosθ 
2(1  cosθ) 2

1 1  1  1
(c)  i tan (d) tan - i
2 2 2 2 2 2

1  i  x  2i   2  3i  y  i  i
5 If then (x,y) = ______
3 i 3i
(a) (3,1) (b) (3,-1) (c) (-3,1) (d) (-3,-1)
4  3i
6. If Z = then Z-1 = _________
5  3i
11 27 11 27 11 27 11 27
(a) - i (b)  i (c)  i (d) i
25 25 25 25 25 25 25 25
7. If z = x + y i and l3zl = lz-4l then x2 + y2 + x = _______
(a) 1 (b) -1 (c) 2
(d) -2
8. lt z be a complex number an ol l z+3 l  8 Then the value of l z-2 l lies in ______
(a) [-2,13] (b) [0,13] (c) [2,13] (d) [-13,2]
9. If the cube roots of unity are 1,w,w2 then 1+w+w2 = _______
(a) 1 (b) 0 (c) -1 (d) w

43
10. The complex numbers sinx + i cos 2 x and cos x - i sin 2 x are conjugate of each other for
_____
1
(a) x = k π , k  z (b) x = o (c) x = (k + ) π , k z (d) no value of x
2
1 x y

11. If z= x- iy and z = p+i q then 3 p q
 _______
p2  q 2

(a) 2 (b) -1 (c) 1 (d) -2

12. Let z, w be complex mumbers such that z+iw=o and Arg (zw) =  then Arg (z) =_____

3   5
(a) (b) (c) (d)
4 2 4 4

z
13 If W  i
and w  1 then z lies on ________
1
z  
3
(a) circle (b) an ellipse (c) Parabola (d) a straight line
14 It z2 + z + 1 = 0 where z is a complex mumber, then the value of
2 2 2 2

  
Z 
1
z
 Z
2

1
z2    Z 
3 1
z3  
 ......  Z
6

1
z6  is _______

(a) 18 (b) 54 (c) 6 (d) 12

15. If |z- 4/z | = 2 then the maximum value of z is _______

(a) 5 1 (b) 2 (c) 2 2 (d) 3 1

1  2i
16. If = r (cos θ + i sin θ ), then
2i

-1 4 -1 5
(a) r =1, θ = tan   (b) r= 5 ,θ = tan  
3 4

-1 3 -1 3
(c) r =1, θ = tan   (d) r=2,θ = tan  
4 4
17. The small positive integer 'n' for which (1+i)2n = (1-i)2n is _______
(a) 4 (b) 8 (c) 2 (d) 12
18. If z1, z2 are complex mumbers and | z1+z2 | = | z1 | + | z2 | then ______
(a) arg (z1 ) + arg (z2) = 0 (b) arg (z1 z2) =0
(c) arg (z1 ) = arg (z2) (d) None of these

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19. The number of complex numbers z such that | z - | | = | z + 1 | = | z - i | equal ________
(a) 0 (b) 1 (c) 2 (d) 
20. Let α,β be real and z be a complex mumber if z2 + α z + β = 0 has two distinct roots on the line
Re(z) = 1 then it is necessary that
(a) β (-1, 0) (b) | β | = 1
(c) β [1,  ) (d) β (0,1)

 
21. If z= cos  i sin then z 2  z  1  ____
3 3

(a) - 2i (b) 2 (c) 0 (d) -2

22. (1 + i) (2+ ai) + (2 + 3 i)(3 + i) = x + iy, x, x y R and x=y then a =_________
(a) 5 (b) -4 (c) -5 (d) 4

z1  z2  1
23. If z1 = 2-i and z2 = 1+i then z  z  i  ___________
1 2

5 3 4 5
(a) (b) (c) (d)
3 5 5 4

24. The principal argument of - 2 3- 2i is ______

5 5 2 2
(a) (b) (c) (d)
6 6 3 3

25. If x>1 then the squareroots of 1 - x

2
 1 i is ________

 x 1 x 1   x 1 x 1 
(a)   i  (b)   i 
 2 2   2 2 

 x 1 x 1   x 1 x 1 
(c)   i  (d)   i 
 2 2   2 2 
26. If 1, w and w2 are cube root of 1 then (1-w) (1-w2) (1-w4) (1-w8) = _______
(a) 16 (b) 8 (c) 9 (d) 64
27. w  1 is cube root of 1 and (1+w2)n = (1+w4)n then the smallest positive value of n is _______
(a) 2 (b) 3 (c) 5 (d) 6
z 1
28. If z = 1 and w = (z  -1) then Re (w) = _______
z 1

1 1 2
(a) 0 (b) z  1 2 (c) z  1 3 (d) 2
z 1

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 2
 3
29. If z=-1 then arg  Z  = ________
 

 2 2 10
(a) ,2 (b) 0, , (c) (d)  , 2 
3 3 3 3
4 4
30. If Z=cos + i sin then Re (z+z2+z3) =_____
7 7
 2  5
(a) cos (b) cos (c) cos (d) cos
3 3 6 6
36
   
 1  cos 12  i sin 12 
  _______
31.   
 1  cos  i sin 
 12 12 

1
(a) -1 (b) 1 (c) 0 (d)
2

32. 4
8  8 3i  _____


(a)  1  3i  
(b)  2  2 3i 
(c)   3  i (d)   2  2 3i 

 z i  
33. If Z is complex mumber Then the locus of the point Z satisfying arg    is a ____
 z i  4
(a) Circle with center (-1,0) and radius 2

(b) Circle with center (0,0) and radius 2

(c) Circle with center (0,1) and radius 2

(d) Circle with center (1,1) and radius 2

34. The area of the triangle in the Argand diagram formed by the Complex number z, iz and z + iz is

2 3 2 1 2 3 2
(a) z (b) z (c) z (d) z
2 2 2
35. Let z1 and z2 be two roots of equation z2 + az + b = 0. Z is complex number. Assume that origin,
z1 and z2 form an equilateral triangle then
(a) a2 = 2b (b) a2 = 3b (c) a2 = 4b (d) a2 = b

46
36. 1  1  1  ..........  _____
(a) 1 (b) w. w2 (c) w (d) w2

a b c
37. If a=cos α + i sin α , b = cos β + i sin β c = cos  + i sin  and   1
b c a
then cos ( α - β ) + cos ( β -  ) + cos (  - α ) = _______

3 3
(a) (b)  (c) 0 (d) 1
2 2
38. The value of (-i) (-i) = _____
   
(a)  (b) (c)  2 (d)
2 2 e e2
39. If cube root of unity are 1,w,w2 then the roots of the equation (x -1)3 + 8 = 0 are ________
(a) -1,-1,-1 (b) -1,-1+2w, -1-2w2
(c) -1,1+2w, 1+2w2 (d) -1, 1-2w, -1-2w2

 1  3i 
40. If f(x) = 4x5 + 5x4 -8x3 +5x2 4x -34i and f   = a+ib then a:b=______
 2 
(a) 2 (b) -2 (c) 17 (d) -17
41. If z= cos θ +i sin θ then arg (z2+z) =_______

3 
(a) (b) θ (c) (d) 3 θ
2 2
42. If x = a+b, y = a  +b β and z = a β + b  , Where  , β  1 are cube roots of unity,, then
xyz=___
(a) 2 (a3 + b3) (b) 2 (a3 - b3)
(c) a3 + b3 (d) a3 - b3

 cos 2  i sin 2 7  cos3  i sin 3 5  ______

43.
 cos 4  i sin 4 12  cos 5  i sin 5 6
(a) cos 33  + i sin 33  (b) cos 33  - i sin 33 
(c) cos 47  + i sin 47  (d) cos 47  - i sin 47 

47
 1  7i
44. If z  then the polar form of z is_____
 2  i 2
 3 3    
(a) 2  cos  i sin  (b) 2  cos  i sin 
 4 4   4 4

 7 7   5 5 
(c) 2  cos  i sin  (d) 2  cos  i sin 
 4 4   4 4 

  3  i 4 n 1 
45.

For any integer n, arg 
 = __________
4n

 1  i 3  

  2 5
(a) (b) (c) (d)
3 6 3 6
2z  3
46. If the imaginary part of is -2 then the locus of the point representing Z in the
iz  1
complex plane is
(a) a circle (b) a straight line (c) a parabola (d) an ellipse
47. The inequality z  4  z  2 represent the region given by
(a) Re(z) >o (b) Re (z) <o (c) Re (z) >2 (d) Re (z) >3
48. The equation z  i  z  i  k represents an ellipse if K=______
(a) 1 (b) 2 (c) 4 (d) -1
2
49. Let Z be complex number with modulus 2 and argument then z = ________
3

1  i 3 1  i 3
(a) -1+i 3 (b) (c) -1-i 3 (d)
2 2

6i 3i 1
50. If
4 3i 1 = x+iy then _______
20 3 i
(a) x=3, y=1 (b) x=1, y=3 (c) x=o, y=3 (d) x=o, y=o
51. If z is a complex number satisfying z  i Re( z )  z  Im( z ) then Z lies on
(a) y = x (b) y = -x (c) y = x+1 (d) y = -x+1

48
 1 1 1
1 1  w 2 w2
52. If w is one of the cube root of 1 other than 1 then =____
2 4
1 w w
(a) 3w (b) 3w (w-1) (c) 3w2 (d) 3w (1-w)
53. If z = x + iy, x, y  R and | x |  | y |  k | z | then k = ____
(a) 1 (b) 2 (c) 3 (d) 4
2 2
54. If a = cos + i sin then the quadratic equation whose roots are  =a+a2+a4 and β =
7 7
a3+a5+a6 is ____
(a) x2-x+2 (b) x2+x-2 (c) x2-x-2 (d) x2+x+2
55. If z, iz and z+iz are the vertices of a triangle whose area is 2 units then the value of z is_____
(a) 4 (b) 2 (c) -2 (d) None of these

56. A(z1), B (z2) and C(z3) are vertices of  ABC where m  C = and AC=BC, z1, z2, z3 are
2
2
complex number if  z1  z2  = k  z1  z3   z3  z2  then K =______
(a) 1 (b) 2 (c) 4 (d) non of these

   
57. If xn = cos  n  + i sin  n  then x1 x2 x3.......  =_____
2  2 
(a) -i (b) -1 (c) i (d) 1

1 1 1
58. If z1, z2, z3 are complex numbers such that z1  z 2  z 3     1 then
z1 z2 z3

z1  z2  z3 = ...........
(a) =1 (b) < 1 (c) > 1 (d) = 3
15
59. Let Z = cos θ + i sin θ then the value of  Im  Z2n-1  at θ =2 is _____ 0

n 1

1 1 1 1
(a) (b) (c) (d)
sin 2 0 3sin 20 2 sin 2 0 4 sin 2 0

49
 3  2i sin 
60. Let j Z= and Z = Z then θ =_____________
1  2i sin 

(a) (2k+1) , kz (b) 2k  , k  z
2
(c) k  , k  z (d) None
61. For complex numbers z1,z2 if z1 =12 and z2  3  4i =5 then the minimum value of z1  z2 is
(a) 0 (b) 2 (c) 7 (d) 17
62. Let z=x+iy be a comlpex number, where x,y are integers Then the area of the rectangle whose
vertices are the roots of the equatio zz3 + zz 3 = 350 is
(a) 48 (b) 32 (c) 40 (d) 80
63. If a,b,c are integers, not all equal, and w is a cube root of unity (w  1) Then the minimum value
2
of a  bw  cw is _________

3 1
(a) 0 (b) 1 (c) (d)
2 2

z1  z3 1  i 3
64. The complex numbers z1,z2 and z3 satistying  are the vertices of a triangle which
z2  z3 2
is ___________
(a) of area zero (b) right angled isosceles
(c) equilateral (d) obtuse-angle isosceles

50
 Hints
1. Ans : (a)
Z = x + iy and 3x + (3x-y)i = 4 - 6i
3x = 4, 3x-y = 6
4
 z   i10
3
1
2. Hint :- i2 = -1,   i
i
1
3. Hint :- i2 = -1,   i
i
4. Ans : (c)
1
z
1  cos   i sin 
1  cos   i sin 

(1  cos )2  sin 2 

  
2 cos 2  i 2 sin cos
2 2 2
= 
2  2cos 2
2


1 tan
= i 2
2 2
5. Ans : (b)
1  i  x  2i   2  3i  y  i  i
3i 3i
(4x + 9y - 3) + i (2x -7y-3) = 0+10 i
4x  9y  3  0 
 Solving the Equation
2x  7y  3  10 
x = 3, y = -1
 (x1 y)  (3, 1)
6. Ans : (a)
11  27i 11 27
z =  i
34 34 34

51
 27
11 34 34
z 1  2 2
i 2 2
1134   27 34 1134   27
34 
11 27
=  i
25 25
7. Ans : (c)
z = x + iy, 3z  z  4

 3x  i3y  x  4  iy
 x2+y2+x = 2
8. Ans : (b)
z3  8

 z  2  z  35

 z  3  5
 85
 13 (i)
now z  2  5   z  3
 5  z 3
 58
3
but z  3  8
 11  z  5 and z = 2  z  2  0

 least value of z  2 is 0
 0  z  2 13
9. Ans : (b)
let z  3 1
 z3 1  z3  1  0
 (z - 1) (z2 + z + 1) = 0
1  3i 1  3i
 z = 1, z  , z
2 2
z=1 =w = w2
1, w, w2 are given roots

52
 1  3i + 1  3i
1  w  w 2  1 
2 2
0
10. Ans : (d)
sin x  i cos 2x and cos x  i sin 2x
are complex conjugate of each other
Im(z)  0
cos 2x  0 , sin 2x  0
which is not possible
 the value of x does not exist.
11. Ans : (d)
z = x - iy and z  p  iq
1
3

3
z   p  iq 

 p3  (iq)3  3(p)(iq)(p  iq)

 
x  iy  p 3  3pq 2  i(q 3  3p 2 q)

x  p3  3pq 2 , y  q 3  3p 2q
x y 2
  p 2  3q 2 ,  q  3p 2
p p

x y

p q
 2 2
p  q2
12. Ans : (a)
z  iw  0
z   iw
z = iw w   iz
 Arg (zw)   given
 Arg   z  iz    

 Arg (iz 2 )  
 Arg ( i)  2Arg(z)  

  2Arg(z)  
2
 Arg(z)  3  4

53
13. Ans : (d)
z
w
z  1 i †ÃÜå w 1
3

z
w 1
1
z i
3
let z = x + iy
x  iy
 1
x  (y  1 i)
3

 x2 + y2 = x 2  (y  1 3 )2
 6y = 1
 z lies on line.
14. Ans : (d)
z2 + z + 1 = 0
 (z - 1) (z2 + z + 1) = 0  z3 - 1 = 0
 z3 = 1, z2 + z = -1
2

 z 1
z
 (z 2  1 2 )2  (z3  1 3 ) 2  (z 4  1 4 ) 2  (z 5  1 5 ) 2  (z 6  1 6 ) 2
z z z z z
 (z  z 2 )2  (z 2  z)2  (1  1)2  (z  z 2 )2  (z 2  z)2  (1  1)2
= (-1)2 + (-1)2 + 4 + (-1)2 + (-1)2 + 4
= 12.
15. Ans : (a)
z  4 2
z

z  z4 4
z z

 z4  4
z z

 z 2 4
z

 z 2 2 z 4

 z 2  2 z 1 5
2
  z  1  5

54
  z 1  5

 5  z 1  5

 5  1  z  5  1

maximum value of z is 5 1
16. Ans : (c)
1  2i
= r cos   i r sin 
2i
(1  2i)(2  i)
 = r cos   i r sin 
5
 4 5  i 3 5 = r cos   i r sin 
r2 = 1, r = 1
tan   3 4

  tan 1 ( 3 )
4
r = 1,   tan 1 ( 3 4 )
17. Ans : (c)
2n 2n
1  i   1  i 
2n
 1 i 
  1
 1 i 
(i)2n = 1
(-1)n = 1
which is possible if n = 2
 least positive integer n = 2
18. Ans : (c)
z1  z 2  z1  z 2

let z1  r1 cos 1  i r1 sin 1 z1  r1

z 2  r2 cos  2  i r2 sin 2 z 2  r2
2 2 2
 z1  z 2   r1 cos 1  r2 cos  2  +  r1 sin 1  r2 sin 2 

= r12  r22  2r1r2 cos  1  2 

2 2
z1  z 2   z1  z 2 

55
  r12  r22  2r1r2 cos  1  2  = (r1 + r2)2

cos  1  2  1  cos 0
1  2  0
1  2
 arg (z1) = arg (z2)
19. Ans : (b)
z 1  z  1  z  i
let z = (x1y) = x + iy
2 2 2
  x  1  y2 =  x  1  y2 = x 2   y  1
 d ((x, y), (1, 0)) = d ((x, y), (-1, 0)) = d ((x, y), (0, 1))
let A (1, 0), B (-1, 0), C (0, 1) and z = p(x, y)
then AP = BP = CP
 z is circum centre which is unique.
20. Ans : (c)
z 2  z    0 ,  ,  R, z  c
let z = x + iy
Re(z) = 1 (given)  x=1
 z = 1 + iy
let 1 + iy & 1 - iy are two distinct roots
product of roots = 
  1  iy 1  iy  1  y 2
now 1  y 2 1   1
 1,  
21. Ans : (c)
1 3
z   cos  3  isin  3  = i
2 2
2
z 2   cos  3  i sin  3 

2 2 1 i 3
 cos  i sin = 
3 3 2 2

1 3 1 3
z 2  z  1  i  i 1 = 0
2 2 2 2
22. Ans : (b)
(1+i) (2+ai) + (2+3i) (3+i) = x + iy
56
  (5-a) + i (13+a) = x + iy
 x = 5-a, y = 13+a
x = y given
 5-a = 13+a  a = -4
23. Ans : (c)
z1 = 2 - i, z2 = 1 + i
z1  z 2  1 2  i 1 i 1
 =
z1  z 2  i 2  i 1 i  i

2  2i 44 4
= 3 i = =
9 1 5
24. Ans : (a)
let z  2 3  2i  x  iy
r = |z| = 4
let arg(z) =  ,   (, ]
x x
cos   , sin  
r r
2 3 1
= =
4 4

 3 1
= 0 = 0
2 2

       6   5 6
25. Ans : (a)
z 1  i x 2  1 z x r
let   arg(z)
 x2 1
cos   1 x  0, sin   0
x
 2    0 4thquadrant

1  cos  1  cos 
cos   sin   
2 2 2 2

1 1 1 1
 x  x
2 2

57
 1 x x 1
 
2x 2x
 
 z   r (cos  i sin )
2 2

 1 x x 1 
 x  i 
 2 x 2 x 

 x 1 x 1 
z    i 
 2 2 
26. Ans : (c)
1, w, w2, are cube roots of 1
1  w  w 2  0 & w3 = 1
(1 - w) (1 - w2) (1 - w4) (1 - w8)
= (1 - w) (1 - w2) (1 - ww3) (1 - w2.(w3)2)
= (1 - w) (1 - w2) (1 - w) (1 - w2)
= (1 - w2 - w + w3)2
= 32 = 9
27. Ans : (b)
w  1 is cube root of 1 w 3  1
(1 + w2)n = (1 + w4)n
 (1 + w2)n = (1 + w)n
n n
 1 w2   w 
  1  2 
1
 1 w   w 
n
 w2 
 3   1 w 2n  1
w 
If n = 2, w2n = w4 = w  1
n = 3, w2n = w6 = 12 = 1
n = 4, w2n = w8 = w6. w2 = w 2  1
n  3
28. Ans : (a)
z 1
z 1 and w 
z 1
let z = x + iy z  1 x 2  y 2  1

58
 x  iy  1
w = x  iy  1

 x  1  iy
=  x  1  iy

 x  1  iy   x  1  iy 
=
(x  1) 2  y 2

x 2  1  iy(x  1  x  1)  y 2
=
x 2  y 2  2x  1

x 2  y 2  1  i2y
= 2 2
x  y  1  2x

i 2y

2(1  x)

w = iy 1  x
 Re (w) = 0
29. ANS : (b)

If z = -1 then Z 2 3  (1) 2 3  3 1
2
let Z1  Z 3  3 1

1  i 3 1  i 3
 Z1  1 or Z1  or Z1 
2 2
If Z1  1  arg(z1 )  arg(1)  0

1 3
If Z1   i , arg(z1 )  2 
2 2 3

1 3
If Z1   i , arg(z1 )  2 
2 2 3
2
 arg(Z 3 )  0, 2  ,  2 
3 3
30. ANS : (b)

2 (z  z 2  z 3 )  (z  z 2  z 3 )
3
Re(z  z  z ) 
2

59
 1 1 1 1
  z  z2  z3   2  3 
2 z z z 

1
  z 6  z 5  z 4  z 2  z  1
3 
2z
1
 1  z  z 2  z 3  z 4  z 5  z 6  z 3 
3 
2z

1 1  z 7 
 3 
 z 3       (i)
2z  1  z 

4 4
z  cos  i sin
7 7
 z 7  cos 4  i sin 4  1  0  1

1  11 3 
 Re(z  z 2  z3 )  z 
2z3 1  z 

 1 2

2
 cos
3
31. ANS : (a)

let z  cos 12  i Sin 12

 z  cos  12  i sin 12

36
  
1  cos 12  i sin 12 
36
1  z 
 
  
1  z 
 1  cos  i sin 
 12 12 

 z 36 ( z  1 z )

36
  
  cos  i sin 
 12 12 
 cos 3  i sin 3
= -1 + i(0)
= -1

60
32. ANS : (c)
let z  8  8 3i  a  ib
 a  8, b  8 3

z  64  4  16

 z a z a 
 z   i 
 2 2 


  ( 4  i 12)

 (2  i 2 3)

let w  z  2  i 2 3  a  ib
a  2, b  2 3

 w  4  12  4

 w a w a 
 w  i 
 2 2 


 4 z   ( 3  i) ans.
33. ANS : (a)
let z  x  iy
 zi 
also agr  z  i    4
 

 agr(x  i(y  1))  arg(x  i(y  1))   4

y 1 y 1 
 tan 1  tan 1 
x x 4

 y 1 y  1 
  
1
 tan  x x 
2 4
 1  y 1 
 
 x2 

y 1  y 1 x2
  2  tan   1
x x  y2 1 4

61
 2x  x 2  y 2  1

 x 2  y 2  2x  1
which is a circle with centre (-1, 0) and radius 2
34. ANS : (c)
let z = x+iy
and P = p(z) = (x, y)
Q = Q(iz) = (-y, x)
R = R(z+iz) = (x-y, x+y)
1
The area of  P Q R  D
2

x y 1

where D   y x 1
xy xy 1

 (x 2  y 2 )
2
 z

1 2
 area of  P Q R  z
2
35. ANS : (b)
z 2  az  b  0, z is complex number
z1, z 2 are roots.

 z1  z 2  a , z1z 2  b

Hint : z1 , z 2 , z3 complex number a triangle formed by z1 , z 2 , z3 is and equiletteral then

z12  z 22  z 32  z1z 2  z 2 z3  z 3 z1

here z3  0
z12  z 22  o 2  z1z 2  o  o

 (z1  z 2 ) 2  2z1z 2  z1z 2

 (a)2  2b  b

 a 2  3b

62
36. ANS : (b)

let 1  –1  –1  – — 

 Z  1  z
 z2  z 1  0

1  i 3 1  i 3
z  or
2 2
 Z = W or w 2
37. ANS : (d)
a  cos   i sin   ei

b  cos   i sin   ei

c  cos   i sin   ei 

a b c
    1  ei( )  ei( )  ei (   )  1
b c a
  cos (  )  cos(   )  cos(    )

i sin(  )  sin(   )  sin(    )   1

 cos(  )  cos(   )  cos(   )  1

38. ANS : (c)
let z  (i)(  i)
 log z  ( i) log( i)
 ( i) log(0  i( 1))

 (i) log(cos  2  i sin  2)

(  )
 log z  ( i) log ei 2

 (i)i   2  log e
 i2   2

log z    2


2
z  e

63
39. ANS : (d)
(x  1)3  8  0
3
 x 1 
  1
 2 

x 1 3
  1
2
x 1 x 1 x 1
  1 or   w,  w2
2 2 2
 x  1, x  1  2w, x  1  2w 2
 roots are -1, 1-2w, 1-2w2
40. ANS : (c)
f (x)  4x 5  5x 4  8x 3  5x 2  4x  34i

 1  3i 
f    a  ib
 2 

1  3i
let w  w 3  1, w  w 2  1
2

 1  3i 
f    f (w)
 2 
= 4w 5  5w 4  8w 3  5w 2  4w  34i
a  ib  17  34i
a : b  ( 17) : ( 34)
a : b  1: 2
41. ANS : (c)
z  cos   i sin 

 z  cos   i sin 

 z 2  cos 2   sin 2   i 2cos  sin 

 z 2  cos 2  i sin 2 

 z 2  z  (cos 2  cos )  i(sin 2  sin )

3 3
 2 cos cos   i 2 cos sin 
2 2 2 2
64
 
 arg(z 2  z)  tan 1 tan 
2   2
42. ANS : (d)
here ,   1 and are cube roots of 1
    w  w 2  1 ,   1,  2  2  1
xyz  (a  b)(a  b)(a  b )

 (a  b)[(a 2  b 2 )  ab( 2   2 )]

 (a  b)[a 2  b 2  ab]

xyz  a 3  b3
43. ANS : (d)

(cos   i sin ) 14 (cos   i sin )15

expression= (cos   i sin ) 48 (cos   i sin )30

 (cos   i sin )47

 cos( 47)   i sin( 47)
 cos 47  i sin 47
44. ANS : (a)
1  7i 1  7i
z 2

(2  i) 3  4i

z 
1  7i  3  4i   1  i
9  16

a = -1, b = 1,  ( 2 , )

r  z  2 and   tan (1)  3  4

1

z  r(cos   i sin )

 3 3 
 2  cos  i sin 
 4 4 
45. ANS : (b)
4n 1

z
 3  i
let 4n
1  i 3 

65
 4n


 3  i ( 3  i)
1  i 3 
z  i 4n ( 3  i)  3  i

 arg z  arg( 3  i)

 tan 1  1   
 3 6

46. ANS : (b)

2z  3 2(x  iy)  3

iz  1 i(x  iy)  1

(2x  3)  2yi

(1  y)  i x


(2x  3)  i 2y(1  y)  i x 
(1  y)2  x 2

 2z  3  2y(1  y)  x(2x  3)
 Im    2
 iz  1  x 2  (1  y)2
 3x – 2y + 2 = 0
which is represent equation of line.
47. ANS : (d)
z4  z2

 x  iy  4  x  iy  2

 (x  4) 2  y 2  (x  2)2  y 2
12  4x
x>3  Re(z)  3
48. ANS : (c)
| z  i|  | z  i|  k

 x  iy  i  x  iy  i  k

 x 2  (y  1) 2  x 2  (y  1) 2  k

66
 4y  k  x 2  (y  1) 2  x 2  (y  1) 2 
4y
  x 2  (y  1) 2  x 2  (y  1) 2
k

and k  x 2  (y  1) 2  x 2  (y  1) 2

4y
k   2 x 2  (y  1) 2
k
4y 2
 4  x 2  (y  1) 2   (k  )
k
2
 4x 2  4y 2  8y  4  k 2  8y  16y
k2

2 k 2 4y 2
2
 x  y 1   2
4 k

k2
x2  1 4  k2  y2 
4
1

x2 y2
  1
 k2  4  k2
4
4
for ellips k 2  4  0
k2  4
k2  2
k = 3, 4 k=4
49. ANS : (c)

r  z  2 and   arg z   2 3 given

  , lies in 3 quadrand
rd

cos   x , sin   y
r r
x  r cos  , y  r sin 

x  2cos 2   
3 , 
y  2sin 2 
3 
=-1  3

z  x  iy  1  i 3

67
50. ANS : (d)

6i 3i 1
4 3i 1  x  iy
20 3 i

0 = x + iy
 x  0, y  0
51. ANS : (c)
z = x + iy
z  i Re(z)  z  Im(z)

 x  i(y  x)  x  y  iy

 x 2  (y  x) 2  (x  y)2  y 2

 x 2  y2
 x  y
52. ANS : (c)

1 3 1 i 3
let w    i , w2   , w3  1
2 2 2 2

1 1 1 1 1 1
1 1  w 2
w  1 w w2
2
(1  w  w 2  0)
1 w w4 1 w w

 1(w 2  w 3 )  1(w  w 2 )  1(w  w)

 3w 2
53. ANS : (b)


Hint  a  R, a  a
2 2
a  a2 
2
x  y 0
2 2
x  y 2x y
2 2
2 x y  x  y
2 2 2 2
 x 2 x y  y 2 x  y

68
 2 2
 ( x  y ) 2  2( x  y )

 ( x  y ) 2  2(x 2  y 2 )
2
 ( x  y )2  2 z

x  y  2 z

k  2
54. ANS : (d)
2 2
a  cos  i sin a7  1
7 7
    a  a 2  a 4  a3  a5  a 6

 a(a 6  1) / a  1

a7  a

a 1

1  a 

 a  1
    1

  (a  a 2  a 4 )(a 3  a 5  a 6 )

 a 4  a 6  a 7  a 5  a 7  a 8  a 7  a 9  a10
 2a 7  a 4  a 5  a 6  a 7  a 8  a 9  a10
 2  a 4 (1  1)
  2
 required quadratic equation
x 2  (  )x    0

x2  x  2  0
55. ANS : (b)
let z = x+iy iz = ix-y
=(x, y) =(-y, x)
z+iz = x+iy + ix-y = (x-y, x+y)
1
  2 given.  2 D  2 D 4

69
 x y 1

where D   y x 1
xy xy 1

D   (x 2  y 2 )

now D  4  x 2  y2  4
2
z 4 z 2
56. ANS : (b)

In  ABC mC   2 and AC =BC

AC 2  BC2  AB2
here AB  z1  z3 , BC  z3  z2 , AC  z1  z3
AC = BC
 z1  z 3  z 3  z 2
2 2
  z1  z 3    i  z 3  z 2 

 z12  z32  2z1z 3  (z 32  z 22  2z 2 z 3 )

 z12  z 22  2z1z 2  2z 2 z 3  2z1z 3  2z1z 2  2z 32

 (z1  z 2 ) 2  2(z1z 3  z32  z1z 2  z 2 z 3 )

 2(z 2  z 3 )(z 3  z 2 )

k  2
57. ANS : (b)

x n  cos   2   i sin   2 
n n

i
 x1  cos   i sin   e 2
2 2
i
 x 2  cos   i sin   e 4
4 4
i
 x 3  cos   i sin   e 8
8 8
i i i
2 4 8
 x1  x 2  x 3        e e e 

70
       
i  2 4 8 
 
e
 e i
 12  14 18  

 1 
 e i  2   e i
 1 1 
 2
 cos   i sin 
 1
58. ANS : (a)
2
z  zz

z 1  z  1z

1  1  1  z1  z 2  z 3
z1 z2 z3

1  z1  z 2  z 3

 z1  z 2  z 3  1
59. ANS : (d)
z  cos   i sin   ei
2n 1
z 2n 1   cos   i sin  

 ei(2n 1) 
15 15
 
 Im z2n 1  Im ei(2n 1)   
n 1 n 1

15
  sin  2n  1 
n 1

= sin   sin 3      sin 29

15
1
  Im z 2n 1   2sin 
 2 sin  sin   2sin 3 sin     2sin 29 sin 
n 1

1
 (cos   cos 2 )  (cos 2   cos 4 )      (cos 28   cos 30 )
2Sin

71
 1
 [cos 0  cos 30 ]
2Sin

put   2o
1 1
 
1  cos 60  (1  1 )
2sin 2 2 sin 2 2

1
4 sin 2
60. ANS : (c)
3  2i sin 
z
1  2i sin 

z 
 3  2i sin  1  2i sin  
1  4 sin 2 

3  4 sin 2  8 sin 
z  i
1  4 sin  1  4 sin 2 
2

z  z given
 Im z  0

8 sin 
 0
1  4 sin 2 

 Sin   0   k, k  z
61. ANS : (b)
z1  12, z 2  3  4i  5

z 2  (3  4i)  z 2  3  4i

5  z2  5

10  z 2  z 2  10

now z1  z2  z1  z 2
 12  10
2
 minimum value of z 1  z 2 =2

72
62. ANS : (a)

z z3  z 3  350 Where z = x + iy

 z z (z 2  z 2 )  350

 (x 2  y 2 ) (x  iy) 2  (x  iy) 2   350

 (x 2  y 2 )  2(x 2  y 2 )  350

 (x 2  y 2 )(x 2  y 2 )  175  25  7

 x 2  y 2  25 x 2  y2  7
by solving the Equation, x 2  16 , y 2  9
 x  4, y  3
 (4, 3), (-4, 3), (-4, -3), (4, -3)
are vertics of rectangle
 area of rectangle  8  6  48
63. ANS : (b)
w  1, are cube roots of 1

1  3i 1  3i
w  , w2 
2 2

 1  3i   1  3i 
a  bw  cw 2  a  b    c  
 2   2 

1
 (2a  b  c)  (b 3  c 3)i
2
1
1 2
 (2a  b  c) 2  ( 3b  3c) 2 
2  

1 1
  4a 2  b 2  c 2  4ab  2bc  4ac  3b 2  3c 2  4ac  2
2
1 1
  4a 2  4b 2  4c 2  4ab  2bc  4ac  2
2
1 1
  (a  b)2  (b  c)2  (c  a) 2  2
2
a, b, c are distinct  a  b  c
and a, b, c are integers

73
  minimum difference between them is 1
 take a = b and b  c  1, c  a  1

2 1 1
then a  bw  cw  (0  1  1) 2
2

1 1
 (2) 2
2
1
 minimum value of |a + bw + cw2|, is 1
64. ANS : (c)

z1  z 3 1  i 3

z 2  z3 2

z1  z 3 1 i 3
  1
z2  z3 2

 z1  z3  z 2  z 3      (1)

z1  z3 1  i 3
now z  z  1  2
1
2 3

z1  z 3  z 2  z 3 1  i 3
 
z2  z3 2

 z1  z 2  z 2  z 3 --------------(2)
from (1) & (2)
z1  z 2  z 2  z 3  z1  z 3

 given triangle is an equilateral

74
 Answers
1 a 21 c 41 c 61 b

2 b 22 b 42 d 62 a

3 b 23 c 43 d 63 b

4 c 24 a 44 a 64 c

5 b 25 a 45 b

6 a 26 c 46 b

7 c 27 b 47 d

8 b 28 a 48 c

9 b 29 b 49 c

10 d 30 b 50 d

11 d 31 a 51 b

12 a 32 c 52 c

13 d 33 a 53 b

14 d 34 c 54 d

15 a 35 b 55 b

16 c 36 b 56 b

17 c 37 d 57 b

18 c 38 c 58 a

19 b 39 d 59 d

20 c 40 a 60 c



75
 Unit - 2
Quadratic Equation
Important Points

Standard form quadratic equation ax 2  bx  c  0 a  0 , a , b, c  R

,  are roots of quadratic equation

b  b 2  4ac  b  b 2  4ac
 , 
2a 2a
Discriminant  OR D   b 2  4aC
Natures of roots:
(i) If   0 and perfect square, then roots are real, rational and distinct
(ii) If   0 and not perfect square, then roots are real, irrational and distinct
(iii) If   0 roots are real and equal
(iv) If   0 , then roots are complex conjugate numbers
Sum and product of roots : When α and β are roots

b c
    
a a
Formation of quadratic equation with given roots :
 &  are roots of quadratic equation, then quadratic equation

x 2     x    0
Common roots :
Let a1x 2  b1x  9  0 and a 2 x 2  b 2 x  c 2  0 are two distirict q.e.  a 1 , a 2  0 

(i) If one root is common then  c1 a 2  c 2 a1  2   a1b 2  a 2 b1   b1c 2  b2 c1 

a1 b1 c1
(ii) If both roots are common then a  b  c
2 2 2

Limiting Values :
(i) If x   x    0 then x  , 
(ii) If x    x     0 then x   , 
(iii) If x   x    0 then x   , 

76
(iv) If  x     x    0 then x  [,  ]

Nature of roots :
ax 2  bx  c  0  a  0  a , b, c  R

(i) a  b  c  0 then 1 is root of the equation ax 2  bx  c  0

(ii) a & c have different sign, then the roots must be of opposite sign.
(iii) If     then b = 0, ac > 0

1
(iv)  then c = a


(v) If ax 2  bx  c  0 has one root p  iq then other will be p  iq

(vi) If ax 2  bx  c  0 where a, b, c are rational has one root p  q , then other will be

p q
Cubic equation :
If , , r are roots of the cubic equation,

ax 3  bx 2  cx  d  0 a  0 

b
then (i)     r 
a
c
(ii)    r  r 
a
d
(iii)  r  
a
Formation of cubic equation , , r are given roots then
x 3      r  x 2     r  r  x    r  0
Maximum and Minimum values of Quadratic polynomial
Px   ax 2  bx  c a  0 be polynomial

4ac  b 2 b
(i) If a  0, then the minimum value of p x  is at x 
4a 2a

4ac  b 2 b
(ii) If a < 0, then the maximum value of p x  is , at x 
4a 2a

77
 Question Bank

1. If 81 is the discriminant of 2x2+5x-k=0 then the value of k is__________

(a) 5 (b) 7 (c) -7 (d) 2
2. Discriminant of the quadratic equation 5 x 2  3 3 x  2 5  o is _________
(a) 67 (b) 76 (c) -67 (d) -76
3. The value of k for which the quadratic equation k x2+1 = k x + 3 x -11 x2 has real and equal
roots are
(a) {-11,-3} (b) {5,7} (c) {5,-7} (d) {-5,-7}
4. If the sum of the roots of ax2 + bx + c = 0 is equal to the sum of the squares of their reciprocals
then bc2, ca2, ab2 are in
(a) A.P (b) G,P (c) H.P (d) None of these
5. If the equation x2 - m (2x-8) - 15=0 has equal roots then m=____
(a) 3,-5 (b) -3,5 (c) 3,5 (d) -3,-5
6. The solution set of the equation (x+1) (x+2) (x+3) (x+4) = 120 is ________
 5  39i   5  39i 
(a) 6,1  (b) 6, 1 
 2   2 

 5  39i   5  39 i 
(c) 6, 1  (d) 6,1 
 2   2 
7. The solution set of the Equation x4-5x3-4x2-5x+1= 0 is_________
 1  3i  3  2 2 
(a) 3  2 2,  (b)  , 1  3i 
 2   2 

 1 3i   3  2 2 
(c) 3  2 2,  (d)  ,1  3i 
 2   2 

x a x b a b
8. The solution set of equation    , ( a  b) is _______
xb x a b a

a 
(a) {a-b, o} (b)  , o  (c) {a+b, o} (d) {ab, o}
b 

9. If  &  are roots of quadratic equation x2+13x+8 = 0 then the value of  4   4 =_______
(a) 23281 (b) 23218 (c) 23128 (d) 23182

78
10. The quadratic equation with rational, coeffcient the sum of the squares of whose roots is 40 and
the sum of the cubes of whose root is 208 is _________
(a) x2+4x+12=0 (b) x2-4x-12=0 (c) x2-4x+12=0 (d) x2+4x-12=0
11. If the ratio of the roots of the quadratic equation 2x2 + 16x + 3k = 0 is 4:5 then k=_____

2560 243 2560 243

(a) (b) (c) (d)
243 2560 243 2560
12. If  &  are the roots of the equation x2-x+1 = 0 then  2009 +  2009 = _______
(a) -1 (b) 1 (c) -2 (d) 2
13. If one root of the equation ax2-6x+c+9=0 (a, c  R, a  o) is 3-5i then a=___ c=____
(a) 1,25 (b) -1,25 (c) 1,-25 (d) -1,-25
14. The roots of equation a (b-c) x2 + b (c-a) x + c (a-b) = 0 are equal, then a, b, c are in _____
(a) A. P. (b) G. P. (c) H. P. (d) None of these
15. If the roots of the eruation bx2+cx + a=0 be imaginary then for all real values of x the expression
3b2x2 + 6 bc x + 2c2 is _____
(a) < 4 ab (b) > - 4 ab (c) , - 4 ab (d) > 4 ab
1 1
16. If  & β are roots of 4x2 + 3x + 7=0 then the value of 3 + 3 =_________
 β

27 225 63 63
(a) (b) (c) (d)
64 343 16 64
17. If one root of the eruation 4x2-6x+p=0 is q + 2i , where p, q R then p + q =_____
(a) 10 (b) 19 (c) -24 (d) -32

18. If the roots of the q ualrathe eruation (2k+3) x2 + 2 (k+3) x + (k+5) = 0  k  R, k 

3

2
 are
equal, then K =______
(a) 1,6 (b) -1,-6 (c) -1,6 (d) 1, -6
1 1
19. The quadratic equations havineg the roots & is _________
10  72 10  6 2
(a) 28x2 - 20x + 1 = 0 (b) 20x2 - 28x + 1 = 0
(c) x2 - 20x + 28 = 0 (d) x2 - 28x + 20 = 0
20. If the roots of equation a2x2 + b2 x + c2=0 are the squares of the roots of the eruation ax2+bx+c=0
then a,b,c are in _________ (a,b,c,  R - {0})
(a) G. P. (b) H. P. (c) A. P. (d) None of these

79
 2  1   1
21. The solution set of equation 3  x  2  + 16 
x   + 26 = 0 is ______
 x   x

 1   1   1   1 
(a) 1, , 3 (b) 1, ,3 (c) 1, ,3 (d) 1, ,3
 3   3   3   3 
22. If the difference of the roots of the equation x2- px + q = 0 is 1 then __________
(a) p2+4q2 = (1+2q)2 (b) q2+4p2 = (1+2q)2
(c) p2-4q2 = (1+2q)2 (d) q2+4p2 = (1-2q)2
1 1 1
23. If the sum of the two roots of the equation   is zero then their Product
xa xb k
is ___________
1 1
(a)
2
a 2
b
2
 (b)
2
a 2
b
2

2
ab
(c)   (d) None
 2 
24. For the equation x 2  mx  n  0 ,   o If  &  are roots of equation and m3 +  2 n +
 n = 3  mn then
2

(a)  =  2 (b)  3=  (c)  +  =   (d)   =1

d e f
25. If b2 = ac, equation ax2 + 2bx+c = 0 and dx2 + 2ex + f =0 have common roots then , ,
a b c
are in _______
(a) A. P. (b) G. P. (c) H. P. (d) None of these
2
26. a, b, R, a  b roots of equation (a-b) x + 5 (a+b) x - 2 (a-b) = 0 are
(a) Real and distinct (b) Complex
(c) real and equal (d) None

27. Solution set of equation x = 12  12  12.......upto  is _______

(a) 4 (b) -4 (c) 3 (d) -3

x 2 3 x 2 3
28. The solution set of equation 5  2 6   
 5 2 6  = 10 is ________


(a) 2,  2  
(b) 3,  3  
(c) 5,  5  
(d) 6,  6 

80
29. Construct the guadratic equation whose roots are three times the roots of 5x2-3x+3 = 0
(a) 5x2 - 9x + 27 = 0 (b) 5x2 + 9x + 27 = 0 (c) 5x2 - 9x - 27 = 0 (d) 5x2
+ 9x - 27=0
30. For equation 2x2 + 16x + 3k = 0 sum of the squares of roots is 10 then k = ______
(a) 12 (b) 15 (c) 18 (d) 21
2 2
31. For the equation x +k = (2k+2) x, kR roots are complex then __________
1 1 1 1
(a) k  (b) k > (c) k  (d)  k<o
2 2 2 2
32. All the values of m for which both roots of the equation x2 - 2mx + m2 - 1 =0 are greater then -2
but less than 4 lie in interval
(a) m > 3 (b) -1 < m < 3 (c) 1 < m < 4 (d) -2 < m < o
1
33. If o < x < π and cosx + sinx = then tanx is ________
2

4 7  4 7  1 7 1 7
(a) (b)    (c) (d)
3  3  3 3

34. If the difference between the roots of the equation x2 + ax + 1 = 0 is less than 5 then the set of
possible values of a is __________
(a) (-3, 3) (b) (-3,  ) (c) (3,  ) (d) (-  , -3)
2 2
35. The quadratic equation x - 6x + a = 0 and x - cx + 6 = 0 have one root in common The other
roots of the first and second equations are integers in the ratio 4:3 Then, the common root is
(a) 1 (b) 4 (c) 3 (d) 2
36. Hardik and Shivang attempted to Solve a quadratic equation Hardik made a mistake in writting
down the constant term and ended up in roots (4,3) Shivang made a mistake in writting down
coefficient of x to get roots (3,2) The correct roots of equation are
(a) -4, 3 (b) 6, 1 (c) 4, 3 (d) -6, -1

  A B
37. In  ABC, m C = If tan   and tan   are the roots of ax2 + bx + c =0, a  o then
2  2 2
(a) b=a+c (b) b=c (c) c=a+b (d) a=b+c
38. Let two mumbers have arithmetic mean 9 and geometric mean 4 then these numbers are the roots
of the quadratic equation _____
(a) x2 + 18 x + 16 = 0 (b) x2 - 18 x + 16 = 0
(c) x2 + 18 x - 16 = 0 (d) x2 - 18 x - 16 = 0
39. It one root of the equation x2 + px + 12 = 0 is 4, while the equation x2 + px + q = 0 has equal
roots, then the value of q is _________

49
(a) (b) 12 (c) 3 (d) 4
4
81
40. The sum of the roots of the equation x2 - 3 l x l - 10 = 0 is _______
(a) 3 (b) -3 (c) -10 (d) 0
41. The quadtaric equation whose roots are A. M and positive G. M of the roots of x2 - 5x + 4 = 0 is
________
(a) x2 + 9x + 5 = 0 (b) 2x2 + 9x + 10=0
(c) 2x2 - 9x + 10=0 (d) 2x2 - 9x - 10=0
42. The minimum value of (x+a)2 + (x+b)2 + (x+c)2 will be at x equal to
abc abc
(a) (b)  (c) abc (d) a2 + b2 + c2
3 3

 2 1   1
43. The mumber of real values of x satistying the equation 3  x  2   16  x   + 26 = 0 is
 x   x
(a) 1 (b) 2 (c) 3 (d) 4

x x2 3
44. The only value of x satistying the equation  = is ________
x2 x 2

8 8
(a) (b) (c) -4 (d) 4
3 3
2
45. The sum of all the roots of x  5  x  5 - 6 = 0 is _______
(a) 10 (b) 6 (c) 0 (d) None

 p
46. If  +  = 5  2 = 5  -3 and  2 =5  -3 then the equation whose roots are and is
 
_____
(a) 3x2 - 19 x + 3 = 0 (b) x2 + 5x - 3 = 0
(c) x2 - 5x + 3=0 (d) 3x2 - 25x + 3 = 0
47. If 2a + 3b + 6c = 0 then atleast one root of the equation ax2 + bx + c = 0 lies in the interval
______
(a) ( 2 ,3) (b) (1, 2) (c) (0, 1) (d) (1, 3)
48. If the roots of the equation x2 - bx + c = 0 be two consecutive integers then b2 - 4c = __________
(a) -2 (b) -3 (c) 3 (d) 1
49. The mumber of values of x in the interval [0, 3 ] Satisfying the equation 2 Sin2 x + 5 Sin x - 3 =
0 is
(a) 6 (b) 1 (c) 2 (d) 4
50. Find the value of a, for which the sum of square of roots of equation x2 - (a - 1) x-a-1 = 0 assume
the least value
(a) 0 (b) 1 (c) 2 (d) 3

82
51. If  ,  are roots of equation ax2 + bx + c = 0 then value of (  a + b)-2 + (  a + b)-2
is __________
2 2 2 2
b  4ac b  ac b  2ac b  2ac
(a) 2 2 (b) 2 2 (c) 2 2 (d) 2 2
a c a c a c a c
52. If tanA & tanB are roots of x2 - px + q = 0 then the value of cos2 (A+B) = ________

1 - q 2 p2
(a) 2 (b)
p  1 - q 2 p 2  1- q 2

2
1  q p
2

(c) 2 2 (d) 2 2
p +q p q

1 1 1
53. The mumber of real solution of the equation + =
27 x 12 x 2.8 x
(a) 1 (b) 2 (c) 3 (d) 0
1 1
  2 3   2 3
54. If  ,  are roots of 8x2 - 3x + 27 = 0 then      = __________
     

1 7 1
(a) (b) (c) 4 (d)
3 2 4

x2  2x  1
55. For all X  R, the value of expression lies in _______
x2  2 x  7
(a) [2, 3] (b) [0, 1] (c) [1, 2] (d) [0, 2]

56. If o  x   and 16 Sin 2 x  16Cos 2 x  10 then x = _______

   3
(a) (b) (c) (d)
3 2 4 4
57. If f (x) = 2x3 + mx2 - 13x + n and (x-2), (x-3) are factor of f(x) then (m, n) = _______
(a) (-5, -30) (b) (-5, 30) (c) (5, 30) (d) (5, -30)
2
 4x  5)
58. a log a ( x = 3x -5 then the solution set is ______
(a) {5, -2} (b) {-5, 2} (c) {-5, -2} (d) {5, 2}


59. If  ,  are roots of x2 + px + q = 0 and x 2n + pn xn + qn = 0 and if is one root of xn + 1 +

(x+1)n = 0 then n must be _________
(a) even integer (b) odd integer
(c) rational but not integer (d) None of these
83
60. If  ,  are roots of the equation x2 + px + q= 0 and  ,  are roots of x2 + rx + s = 0, then the
vralue of (  -  )2 + (  -  )2 + (  -  )2 + (  -  )2 is __________
(a) 2 (p2 + r2 - pr + 2q-2s) (b) 2 (p2 + r2 - pr + 2q+2s)
(c) 2 (p2 + r2 - pr - 2q-2s) (d) 2 (p2 + r2 + pr - 2q+2s)
61. The roots of the equation (5-x)4 + (4-x)4 = (q-2x)4 are
(a) all imaginary (b) all real
(c) Two real and two imaginary (d) None of these
lim n

62. 2
If , , are roots of 24x  8x  3  0 and Sn     then n   n n S
r 1
r  ...............

14  14 7 7
(a) (b) (c) (d)
13 13 13 13
63. If ax  by  1, px 2  qy 2  1  0 have only one root then

a 2 b2 a b
(a)  1 (b) x (c) x (d) None of these
p q p q

64. For all xR the number of triplet , m, n  satisfying equation
 cos 2 x  m sin 2 x  n  0 ............
(a) 2 (b) 4 (c) 6 (d) infinite
65. If f x   x   x , x  R   0  where  x   the greatest integer not greater than x, than number

1
of solution f x   f    1 .............
x
(a) 0 (b) 1 (c) 2 (d) infinite
66. If the product of roots of equation x 2  5kx  4e 4 log k  3  0 is 61 then ..............
(a) 1 (b) 2 (c) 3 (d) 4
1 1
67. If one root of equation ax 2  bx  c  0 is n power of other root then ac n n  1  a n c n  1  .........

(a) a (b) b (c) c (d) None of these

b

 2n  1
n 1 20
4 b
 a
68. log10 a  log10 a  log10 a  ............  b and 7 log 10 than a = ..........
 3n  1
n 1

(a) 105 (b) 104 (c) 103 (d) 102

84
 
69. If ,  are roots of equation x 2  px  r  0 and ,   are roots of equation
2
x 2  qx  r  0 then r  .................

2 2
(a) p  q 2q  p  (b) q  p  2p  q 
9 9
2 2
(c) q  2p  2q  p  (d) 2p  q  2q  p 
9 9
x x
1 172
70. For x  R , 3     1
3 3
(a) x   0, 64  (b) x   0, 64 
(c) x   0, 64  (d) None of these

71. If roots of equation x 2  2ax  a 2  a  3  0 are real and lessthan 3 then ..............
(a) a2 (b) 2a3
(c) 3a4 (d) a  4
72. For which value of b, equation x 2  bx  1  0 and x 2  x  b  0 have a common root.

(a)  2 (b) i 3 (c) i 5 (d) 2

73. If a, b, c are rational numbers then the roots of equation
abc 2 x 2  3a 2 cx  b 2cx  6a 2  ab  2b 2  0 are ...........
(a) imeginary (b) equals (c) rational (d) irrational
74. If a , b, c  R and the roots of equations ax2 + bx + c = 0 and x 3  3x 2  3x  2  0 are
common then ................
(a) a  b  c (b) a  b   c
(c) a  b  c (d) None of these
75. If both the root s of equation  
k 6 x 2  3  rx  2x 2  1  0 and
 
6k 2 x 2  1  px  4 x 2  2  0 are equal then the value of 2 r  P is ............
(a) 0 (b)1 (c) -1 (d) None of these
76. If  &  are roots of equation x 2  x  1  0 then the equation whose roots are
19 &  7 is............
(a) x 2  x  1  0 (b) x 2  x  1  0

(c) x 2  x  3  0 (d) x 2  x  3  0

85
77. If  &  are roots of x 2  nx  c  0 then equation whose roots are b and c is ..............

(a) x 2         x         0

(b) x 2         x         0

(c) x 2         x         0

(d) x 2  2 x    0

m n b
78. If the roots of equation ax 2  bx  c  0 are in m : n then    .........
n m ac
(a) 0 (b) 1 (c) -1 (d) None of these

86
 Hints
1. Ans. (b)
2x 2  5x  k  0

  b 2  4ac  81
 25  8 k  81  k7
2. Ans. (a)

5 x 2  3 3x  2 5  0

a b , b   3 3, c   2 5

 
  b 2  4ac  27  4 5  2 5  67
3. Ans. (c)
kx 2  1  kx  3x  11x 2

 k  11 x 2  k  3 x  1  0
  b 2  4ac

 k 2  2k  35
roots are real and equal   0

k 2  2k  35  6

 k 1  6

  6 k  1  6
 k   7, k  5
 k  7, k  5 k    7, 5 
4. Ans. (a)
ax 2  bx  c  0
suppose ,  are roots of equation

b c
 ,  
a a
1 1
also,     2
 2
 


  2  2 
 2
2

87
 2
 b c
   2 
b a a
  2
a c
 
a

ab 2  bc 2
 a 2c 
2
 ab 2 , a 2c, bc 2 are in arithmatic progresion
5. Ans. (c)
x 2  m 2x  8  15  0

 x 2  2mx  8m  15  0
roots are equal    0

 4m 2  32m  60  0
 m  5, m  3
6. Ans. (a)
x  1x  2 x  3 x  4  120
x 2
 
 5x  4 x 2  5x  6  120
suppose x 2  5x  m

m  4 m  6 120  10  12
m  4  10  m  6
m  4   12  m   16

x 2  5x  6, x 2  5x   16

 x 2  5x  6  0 x 2  5x  16  0
x   6, x  1    39  0

  39 i

b  
x
2a

 5  39 i
x
2

88
   5  39 i 
solution set   6, 1, 2

 
7. Ans. (a)
x 4  5x 3  4 x 2  5x  1  0

5 1
x 2  5x  4   2 0
x x

1  1
 x2  2
 5 x    4  0
x  x

1 1
Suppose x m  x2   m2  2
x x2
 m 2  5m  6  0  m  6, m   1

1
If m  6  x  6
x
 x 2  6x  1  0

 x32 2

1
If m   1  x   1
x

 1 3 i 
 x2  x  1  0 Solution set is:  3  2 2, 
 2 

1  3 i
x
2
8. Ans. (c)
xa x b a b
   a  b 
xb xa b a

x a
Suppose m
xb

1 a 2  b2
m 
m ab
 
 abm 2  a 2  b 2 m  ab  0
 bm  a  am  b   0

89
 a b
m , m
b a
a x a a
If m  
b xb b
x0

b  x  a b
If m= xb a
a
 xab
Solution Set :  0, a  b 
9. Ans. (a)
x 2  13x  8  0
     13,    8
2
 2   2        2  153
2

  2  2   2  2   2 2 2  23281

10. Ans. (b)

let ,  are roots

  2   2  40,  3  3  208 (given)

Suppose     m,    n

 2   2  40       2   40
2

 m 2  2n  40

m 2  40
n ...1
2

 3   3  208        2   2     208 
 m 40  n   208 ...2
from (i) & (ii)

 m 2  40 
m  40    208
 2 

 m 3  120 m  416  0

m  4  m 2  4m  104  0 
90
 m 4  0
m4

m 2  40
n  12
2
     4,   n   12

 x 2  4 x  12  0
11. Ans. (a)
2x 2  16x  3k  0
Suppose ,  the roots of the given equation

3K
      8,  
2
also  :   4 : 5
   4 m ,   5m
      8  9m   8

8
m
9
32  40
  
9 9
3K 2560
  K
2 243
12. Ans. (b)
x2  x  1  0


x 3  1  x  1 x 2  x  1 
0

 x3   1
If ,  are roots then     1,   1
now, x 3  1  0

 3   1, 3   1

 2010 2010
 2009  2009  
 

91
 
 
3 670

 2010
 

1 1  1
    1
   1
13. Ans. (a)
ax 2  6 x  c  9  0
Suppose   3  5i   3  5i
     6   9  25  34

6 c 9
  6,  34
a a
 a  1, c  25
14. Ans. (c)
a b  c  x 2  b c  a  x  c a  b   0
roots are equal  0
2
b 2  c  a   4ac  b  c  a  b   0

 ba  c   2ac   0
2

 ab  bc  2ac  0
 ab  ac  ac  bc

1 1 1 1
   
c b b a
1 1 1
 , , , are in athematic progression a, b, c, are in Harmonic Progression
a b c
15. Ans. (b)
bx 2  cx  a  0
roots are complex   0

 c 2  4ab  0  c 2  4ab

  c 2   4ab ...1

3b 2 x 2  6bcx  2c 2  3 bx  c   c 2
2

  c2
  4ab
92
16. Ans. (b)
4 x 2  3x  7  0

3 7
 ,  
4 4

1 1  3  3
 
 3 3  3 3


  3  3      
 3
225

343
17. Ans. (b)
4x 2  6 x  p  0

3 p
   ,  
2 4
Suppose ,   q  2i,   q  2i

3
    2q  2 q 
2
3
q
4
p
  q2  4   q2  4
4
73
p
4
 p  q  19
18. Ans. (b)
2k  3 x 2  2k  3 x  k  5  0
roots are equal 0

4 k  3  4 2k  3 k  5  0
2

 k  1 k  6   0
 k   1, k   6

93
19. Ans. (a)

1 10  72
 
10  72 28

1 10  72
 
10  6 2 28

5 1
  ,  
7 28
x 2      x    0

5 1
 x2  x 0
7 28
 28x 2  20x  1  0
20. Ans. (a)
 ,  are roots of equation ax 2  bx  c  0

b c
  ,  
a a
Suppose 1 1 are roots of equation a 2 x 2  b 2 x  c 2  0

 b2 c2
 1  1  2 1 1  2
a a
Also, 1   2 , 1   2

 b2
 2  2 
a2

2 b2
       2  
a2
2
b c b2
   2     2
 a  a a

 b 2  ac
a, b, c are in Geometric progression
21. Ans. (a)

 1   1
3  x 2  2   16  x    26  0
 x   x

94
 1 1
Suppose x  m  x2  2
 m2  2
x x
 
 3 m 2  2  16m  26  0

 10
 m   2, m 
3
1
m2 x 2
x

 x  1  0
2

 x  1

10 1  10
If m   x 
3 x 3
 3x 2  10x  3  0
 x  3 3x  1  0
1
 x   3, x 
3

 1 
Solution set :   1,  3, 
 3 
22. Ans. (a)
x 2  px  q  0
,  are roots of Equation
     p,   q
|   |  1 (given)
p 2  4q  1

p 2  4q  1
2
 p 2  4q 2  4q 2  4q  1   2q  1

23. Ans. (b)

1 1 1
 
x a a b k
 x 2  a  b  2k  x  ab  a  b  k  0
    0  a  b  2k  0

95
 ab
k
2
   ab  a  b  k

a 2  b2

2
24. Ans. (a)
x 2  mx  n  0

m m
 ,  
 
 m      , n  
also, m3   2 n  n 2  3mn
2
   3        2     3 2  2   3  2       

           0
2 2

  2   or  2  

  2
25. Ans. (a)
ax 2  2bx  c  0 and b 2  ac

 2b  4b 2  4ac
x
2a
b
 x
a
b
now x  is also roots of dx 2  2ex  f  0
a
2
b b
 d   2e  f 0
 a   a 

2eb db2
  2 f
a a
2eb dac
  2 f
a a
2eb  dc  af

96
 2e d f
  
b a c
d e f
 , , are in Arithmetic progression
a b c
26. Ans. (a)
a  b  x 2  5 a  b  x  2 a  b   0

  25 a  b   8 a  b   0
2 2

roots are real and distict

27. Ans. (a)

x  12  12  12  ...............

 x  12  x

 x 2  x  12  0
 x  4, x   3 but x0
 x4
28. Ans. (a)
x 2 3 x 2 3
 52 6  
 52 6   10
x2  3
Suppose 5  2 6  m
x2  3 1
  52 6  
m

m 10
m

 m5  2 6
x 2 3
If m  5  2 6  5  2 6   52 6

 x2  3  1

 x2  4  x2

If m  5  2 6  x 2  3   1

x 2

Solution set :  2,   2 
97
29. Ans. (a)
Suppose , , are roots of equation 5x 2  3x  3  0
3 3
  , 
5 5
Suppose 1 & 1 are roots of required equation

1  3, 1  3  (given)
9 27
 1  1  1 1 
5 5
 required equation

9 27
x2  x 0
5 5
 5x 2  9x  27  0
30. Ans. (c)
2x 2  16x  3k  0

3k
     8,   
2
2
also,  2  2  10        2    10

 64  3k  10
 k  18
31. Ans. (c)
x 2  k 2  2k  2 x

 x 2  2k  2 x  k 2  0

   2k  2   4k 2  4 2k  1
2

now roots are complex    0

1
 4 2k  1  0  k
2
32. Ans. (b)
x 2  2mx  m 2  1  0
4
   m  1,   m  1

98
   4 &   2
m  1  4, m  1   2  1  m  3
33. Ans. (b)
1
0  x   yLku cos x  sin x 
2

1  t2 2t 1 x
 2
 2
 Where t  tan
1 t 1 t 2 2
 3t 2  4t  1  0
  28

2 7
t
3
x π x
0x  0   tan 0
2 2 2

x 2 7
 tan 
2 3

x 2 7
 tan 
2 3
34. Ans. (a)
x 2  ax  1  0
     a,    1

    5 (given)

      9
2

a2  9
| a |  3  a   3, 3
35. Ans. (d)
Suppose , , are roots of x 2  6x  a  0
    6,    a
Suppose 1 1 are roots of x 2  cx  6  0
1  1  c, 1 1  6

99
   1 ,  : 1  4 : 3 (given )and 1 1  z

   4 k , 1  3k , k  0
2
, ,  6   3k   6  
k
a
  a   14 k  a  
4k
2 a
  a8
k 4k
now,     6,   8
   4,   2 or   2,   4 in

2 1
If   4 than 4   k
k 2
3
   4k  2 and  1  3k  z
2
 4

2
If   2 than 2  k 1
k
  4k  4 z and 1  3k  3  z
2
36. Ans. (b)
for Hardik roots are (4,3)
  = 7
  = 12
Quadratic Equation x 2  7 x  12  0
hear constant is wrong (given)
{3, 2}
  = 5
 = 6
Quadratic Equation x 2  5x  6  0
Co-efficient x is wrong (given)
Correct solution x 2  7 x  12  0

100
  x  6 x  1  0
 x  6, x  1
6, 1
37. Ans. (c)
π π
In ABC , mC  AB
2 2
A B
tan , tan are roots of equation ax 2  bx  c  0
2 2
b
sum of roots  
a
A B b
 tan  tan 
2 2 a

A B b A B
 sin     cos cos
2 2 a 2 2

A B a
 cos . cos  ...i 
2 2 2b

c
produt of roots 
a
A B c
 tan . tan 
2 2 a
A B c
 sin . sin  ...ii 
2 2 2b

A B A B A B
cos     cos cos  sin sin
2 2 2 2 2 2

a a c
cos  
4 b 2 b 2
cab  c  a b
38. Ans. (b)
Suppose ,  two numbers


given 9      18
2

101
 and   4    16
 required equation whose roots are
,  is x 2  18x  16  0
39. Ans. (a)
x  4 is a one root of equation x 2  px  12  0
 16  4p  12  0  P7
for equation x 2  px  q  0 roots are equal
 0

49
p 2  4q  0  q
4
40. Ans. (d)
x 2  3| x |  10  0

| x 2 |  3 | x |  10  0
Suppose | x |  y  0

 y 2  3y  10  0
 y  5y  2   0
y  5, y   2 but y   2
|x| = 5  x  5
 sum of roots  5   5   0
41. Ans. (c)
x 2  5x  4  0
Suppose ,  are roots
     5,    4
Suppose 1 , 1 are roots of required equation


 1  & 1  
2
5
 =2
2
9
1  1  1 1  5
2

102
  required equation is
2x 2  9 x  10  0
42. Ans. (b)
Suppose f x   x  a 2  x  b 2  x  c 2

 f x   3x 2  2 a  b  c  x  a 2  b 2  c 2
the co-efficient of x 2  3  0
b
the minimum value of f(x) will be at x 
2a
b
 x
2a
 a  b  c 

3
43. Ans. (b)

 1   1
3  x 2  2   16  x    26  0
 x   x

1 1
Suppose x m  x2   m2  2
x x2
 3m 2  16 m  20  0

 10
 m  2, m 
3
1
m2 x  2
x
 x 1

10 1 10
m x 
3 x 3
 x  3 3x  1  0

1
 x   3, x 
3
number of real roots = 3
44. Ans. (b)

x x2 3 1
  2
x2 2 2 2
103
 x 8
 2  x
x2 3
45. Ans. (a)
2
x5  x5 60

suppose x  5  y, y  0

 y2  y  6  0
 y  3, y   2 but y   2

 y 3  x5 3

x  8, x  2
 sum of roots  8  2  10
46. Ans. (a)
    5,  2  5   3,  2  5  3

 2   2  5      6
  3

 
Suppose 1  , 1 
 

 2   2 19
 1  1   & 1 1  1
 3

 required quadratic equation is 3x 2  19x  3  0

47. Ans. (c)
ax 2  bx  c  0, 2a  3b  6c  0
Suppose f x   2ax 3  3bx 2  6cx

 
f ' x   6 ax 2  bx  c  0

Also f  0   0, f 1  2a  3b  6c  0

 by roll therom for some x  0, 1 , f ' x   0

 atleast one root of equation ax 2  bx  c  0 lies in (0,1)

48. Ans. (d)
x 2  bx  c  0

104
 Suppose   n,   n  1
     2n  1,    n n  1
b  2n  1 c  n n  1

b 1 2
n  , n nc
2
2
 b 1  b 1 
    c
 2   2 

 b 2  4c  1
49. Ans. (d)
2 sin 2 x  5 sin x  3  0

1
 sin x   3, sin x 
2
sin x   3

1 
 sin x   sin , x  0, 3
2 6
   
x , x    , x  2  , x  3 
6 6 6 6
 The number of value of x in [0,3 π ] is 4
50. Ans. (b)
x 2   a  1  x   a  1  0

If  and  are roots than

    a  1,     a  1
now  2   2     2  2  

 a  1  5
2

 minimum value  2   2 will be at a  1

51. Ans. (c)
ax 2  bx  c  0

b c
    ,  
a a

b 2  2ac
 a  b  2  a   b 2 
c2 a 2
105
52. Ans. (a)
tan B and tan B are roots of x 2  px  q  0
 tan A  tan B  P and tan A . tan B  q

p
 tan A  B  
1 q

1  cos 2 A  B
now cos A  B  
2

 1  tan 2  A  B  
 1  
 1  tan 2  A  B  
2

 2 
  2 
1  tan  A  B  
2


1  q 2
p 2  1  q 
2

53. Ans. (d)

1 1 1
27 x  12 x  2.8 x
1 1
 27  x  12  x
     2
 8  8
3 1
 3 x  3 x
     2
2 2
1
 3 x
Suppose    m
2

 m3  m  2  0

 m 3  m  2m  2  0

 
 m m 2  1  2 m  1  0
 m  1 m m  1  2  0
 m 2  m  2  0 OR m  1  0

106
 for m 2  m  2  0 ,   0
 real roots does not exits
 m 1 0  m 1
1
0
 3 x  3  1
       0 is not possible
 2  2 x

 number of real roots  0

54. Ans. (d)
8x 2  3x  27  0

3 27
 ,  
8 8
1 1
 2 3  2  3 
      1
     3
318
 1
 27  3
 
 8 

1

4
55. Ans. (b)

x 2  2x  1
suppose 2 m
x  2x  7

 1  m  x 2  2 1  m  x  1  7 m  0

  4 1  m   4 1  m  1  7 m 
2

x is real number.    0
 1  m 6m   0
0  m  1
 m m  1  0
 0  m  1 , m   0, 1 
56. Ans. (a)
0x  sin x  0
107
 2 2
 16sin x
 16cos x
 10
2
Suppose 16sin x
m

16
m  10
m
 m  8 or m  2
2x 2
 16sin  8 or 16sin x
2

 4sin2 x  3 or 4 sin 2 x  1
3 1
 sin 2 x  2
or sin x 
4 4

3 1
 sin x  or sin x 
2 2

 2  5
x , or x  ,
3 3 6 6
57. Ans. (b)
f x   2x 3  mx 2  13x  n
x  2, x  3 are factors of f(x)
 f 2  f 3  0
 16  4m  26  n  0
and 54  9m  39  n  0

4m  n  10  0
9m  n  15  0

 5m  25  0

m   5, n  30
 m, n    5, 30
58. Ans. (d)

a log a x   3x  5 a  R   1 
2
 4x  5

 x 2  4 x  5  3x  5
 x  5, x  2
Soluation set : 5, 2 

108
59. Ans. (a)
x 2  px  q  0 and x 2n  p n x n  q n  0
     p,    q

 n  n   pn ,  n  n  q n

Now, x n  1  x  1n  0
n n
   
   1   0
   1 
n

 n  n

    0
n
 n

  p n   p   0
n

 pn   1  1   0 which is possible for even value of n

n

60. Ans. (c)

 x 2  px  q  0
     p,    q
 x 2  rx  5  0

     ,   5
2 2 2 2
now                      

 2  p 2  r 2  pr  2 q  2s 

61. Ans. (c)

5  x 4  4  x 4  9  2x 4
 m 4  n 4  m  n  where m  5  x, n  4  x
4


 2mn 2m 2  3mn  2n 2  0 
 m  0, n  0, 2m 2  3mn  2n 2  0
m0x5
n0x4
and 2m 2  3mn  2n 2  0  7x 2  63x  142  0
0
 two roots are and real and two roots are complex
109
62. Ans. (a)
24x 2  8x  3  0

1 1
   
3 8
 |  |, |  |  1
n
lim lim
n
Sr  n   S
r 1
1  S2  ...........  Sn

lim
      2  
  2  ...........   n   n 
n

lim

n
   2
 
 .............   n     2  ..........  n 
 
 
1 1

14

13
63. Ans. (a)
1  ax
ax  by  1  y 
b
px 2  qy 2  1  0
2
 1  ax 
 px 2  q   1 0
 b 

 
 pb 2  qa 2 x 2  2aqx  q  b 2  0
roots are equal    0

 2aq 2  
 4 pb 2  qa 2 q  b 2  0 

b 2 a 2q  b 2 p  pq  0 
a 2q  b 2 p  pq

a 2 b2
  1
p q

110
64. Ans. (d)
 cos 2x  m sin 2 x  n  0

 m  2  sin 2 x    n   0
 m  2  0,   n  0

m
    n  k , k  R(suppose)
2
  k , m  2k , n   k

 number of tripletes   , m , n  are infinite.

65. Ans. (d)
f x   x  x 

1
 f x  f    1
x

1 1
 x   x   1
x  x 

1 1
x 1  x    
x x

x2  x  1 1 
  k where k  x    x  is an integer
x  

 x 2  1  k  x  1  0

as x  R  0 ,   0
2
  1  k    4 1 1  0

 1  k   4
2

 | 1  k|  2
 2  1 k  2
 k   3, k  1
 number of solution is an infinite.
66. Ans. (b)
x 2  5kx  4e 4log k  3  0
As given,   61  4e4log k  3  61

111
 4
 4 elog k  64
k2
67. Ans. (b)
Suppose ,  are the roots of ax 2  bx  c  0

b c
     ,  
a a
also,    n

c c
    n 1 
a a
1 n
 c n  1  c  n 1
   
a  a

b
  
a
n 1
 c n  1  c n  1  b
    
a  a a
1 1
 
 ac n n 1 
 an c 
n 1 b
68. Ans. (a)

log10 a  log10 a  log10 4 a  .................  b

1 1
1 
2 4
 b  log10 a  ..................
1
1
1
2
 log10 a

 b  2 log10 a

 b 
   2n  1  20
 nb1 
now 
   3n  1  7 log10 a
n 1 

b
2.  b  1  b 20  2
 2 
b 7b
3.  b  1  b
2 112
  7b 2  60b  100  0

10
b  10, b  
7

 10 
log10 a  5, b   
 7

 a  105
69. Ans. (d)
for x 2  px  r  0      p,    r


for x 2  qx  r  0   2  q    r
2
Solving,

  4  2q 

 p 

2 2p  q  2q  p
  ,
3 3

22p  q   2q  p  2
now r        2p  q  2q  p 
3  3  q
70. Ans. (c)
x x
1 1 72
for x  R  3     1
 3  3

 372 x  x
 3o

 72  x  x 0

x  x  72  0

  x9  x 8 0 
for x  R and x  0 , ineqalities is possible

 x 80  x 8 x  64

 0  x  64 x   0, 64 
71. Ans. (a)
let f x   x 2  2ax  a 2  a  3  0

113
 for f x   0 roots are real and less than 3

 (i) f 3  0 (ii) 0 (iii)  6

(i) f 3  0  a 2  5a  6  0
 a  3 a  2   0
 a  R  2, 3 ....1
(ii) 0a3 ....2
(iii)    6  a  3 ...3
from (i), (ii) & (iii) a  2
72. Ans. (b)
let  be the common root of x 2  bx  1  0 and x 2  x  b  0

  2  b  1  0 and  2    b  0

2  1
 2  
b  1 1  b 1  b

b2 1 1 b
 2  , 
1 b b 1
2
1 b  b2  1
     b3  3b  0
 b  1 1 b

bi 3
73. Ans. (c)
  
abc 2 x 2  3a 2 c  b 2c  2b 2  6a 2  ab  0 a , b, c  Q 
2
   c 2 3a 2  b 2  4ab  which is perfect square so roots are rational.

74. Ans. (c)

x 3  3x 2  3x  2  0

 x  1  1  0
3


 x  2  x 2  x  1  0 
1  3 i 1 3 i
x   2, x  ,x
2 2

114
  x   2, x  w , x  w 2

roots of the equations ax 2  bx  c  0 & x  13  1  0 are equal.

so, both the roots cannot be real and complex.
Both the roots are compelx and
b c
sum of the roots   and product of the roots 
a a
b c
 w  w2  , w  w2 
a a
b c
 1  w3  1
a a
 ab ca
 abc
75. Ans. (a)
6k  2 x 2  rx  3k  1  0 ....1

12 k  4 x 2  px  6k  2  0 ....2
both the roots of equation (1) & (2) are equal.
6k  2 r 3k  1
  
12k  4 p 6k  2

 2r  p  0
76. Ans. (b)
,  are roots of x 2  x  1  0

1  3 i 1  3 i
 w ,   w2 
2 2
     1,    1
let 1  19 , 1   7

 
 w 19  w 2
7
 w 14

1  w , 1  w 2  w 3
1 
1 1  w  w 2   1
1 1  w. w 2  w 3  1

Required equation x 2  x  1  0
115
77. Ans. (b)
let  ,  be roots of x 2  bx  c  0
     b,    c
 b       c      

let 1  b, 1  c

 1 1  b  c        
1 1  bc      
Required equation
x 2         x        0
78. Ans. (a)
Roots of the equation ax 2  bx  c  0 are in ratio m : n

 m
     mk ,   nk
 n

b b b
  m  n  k   , k 
a a a m  n 

mb nb
 , 
a m  n a m  n

c mnb 2 c
now,    2 
a m  n 
2
a a

mn ca
  2
m  n  b
2

2 2
 mn  b 
     
m n   ca 
 

m m b
   0
n n ca

Hint
1. Ans. (b)
  b 2  4ac

116
2. Ans. (a)
  b 2  4ac
3. Ans. (c)
Root are real and equal   0
4. Ans. (a)
for ax 2  bx  c  0 ,  are root

b c
      ,  
a a
a1 b, c are in A.P..  b  a  c  b
5. Ans. (c)
6. Ans. (a)
Suppose x 2  5x  m
7. Ans. (a)
Divinding both side by x 2
1
Suppose x  m
x
8. Ans. (c)
xa
Suppose x  b  m

9. Ans. (a)
10. Ans. (b)
x 2      x     0
11. Ans. (a)
12. Ans. (b)
x2  x 1 0
Multiplying both side by x + 1
 x3  1  0
,  are roots   3   1, 3   1
13. Ans. (a)
14. Ans. (c)
a , b, c are in harmonic sequence

117
 1 1 1
 , , are in A.P..
a b c
15. Ans. (b)
Roots are imaginary   0
16. Ans. (b)
17. Ans. (b)
18. Ans. (b)
19. Ans. (a)

1 10  72
 
10  72 28

1 10  72
 
10  6 2 28

Quadratic Equation x 2      x     0
20. Ans. (a)
a, b, c Geometric sequence  b 2  ac
21. Ans. (a)
22. Ans. (a)
23. Ans. (b)
24. Ans. (a)
25. Ans. (a)
26. Ans. (a)
Roots are real and distinct.   0
27. Ans. (a)
28. Ans. (a)
x 2 3 1

Suppose 5  2 6 
x 2 3

 m  5 2 6  
m
29. Ans. (a)
30. Ans. (c)
31. Ans. (c)
32. Ans. (b)
33. Ans. (b)

118
 1  t2 2t x
cos x  2
, sin x  2 Where t  tan
1 t 1 t 2
34. Ans. (a)
35. Ans. (d)
36. Ans. (b)
37. Ans. (c)
38. Ans. (b)
39. Ans. (a)
40. Ans. (d)
41. Ans. (c)
42. Ans. (b)
b
a  0 , minimum value of f x   ax 2  bx  c is at x 
2a
43. Ans. (c)
44. Ans. (b)
45. Ans. (a)
Suppose | x  5 |  y, y  0
46. Ans. (c)
47. Ans. (c)
ax 2  bx  c  0 & 2a  3b  6c  0
Suppose f x   2ax 3  3bx 2  6cx

f x   6ax 2  6 bx  6c


 6 ax 2  bx  c 
f 0  0, f 1  2a  3b  6c  0
 f 0  f 1
By Rolle's Thm,  x   0, 1  f '  x   0

 ax 2  bx  c  0
48. Ans. (d)
49. Ans. (d)
sin x  sin  , General solution is x  k   1k , k  z

119
50. Ans. (b)
51. Ans. (c)
52. Ans. (a)

1  cos 2 1  tan 2 
cos2   cos 2 
2 1  tan 2 
53. Ans. (d)
1
3x
Suppose    m
2
54. Ans. (d)
55. Ans. (b)
56. Ans. (a)
2
Suppose 16sin x  m
57. Ans. (b)
58. Ans. (d)
alog ax  x
59. Ans. (a)
x 2  px  q  0       p,    q
and x 2n  p n x n  q n  0   n   n  P n ,  n  n  q n
60. Ans. (c)

 2   2       2  
2

61. Ans. (c)

5  x  m and 4  x  n Taking
62. Ans. (a)
b c
 ,  
a a
a
a  ar  ar 2  ..............  , | r|  1
1 r
63. Ans. (a)
Equation having one root   0
64. Ans. (d)

120
 m  2 sin 2 x    n   0
 m  2  0,   n  0

m
    n  k  (Äkhíkk)
2
, m, n   k, 2k,  k , k R
65. Ans. (d)

x    1   Some integer Suppose - k, Roots are real   0

x
66. Ans. (b)
c log x
  , a a x
a
67. Ans. (b)
b c
  ,  2 
a a
use of indices rules
68. Ans. (a)
log10 A  log10 B  log10 AB

a
 a  ar  ar 2  ............  , | r | 1
1 r
n n
n
 r   n  1 , 1  n
r 1 2 r 1

69. Ans. (d)

Solve two linear equations for , 
70. Ans. (c)
x  0 Since that 72  x  x  0, x R
71. Ans. (a)
Roots are ral and less then three :
(i) f 3  0 (ii) 0 (iii)    3
72. Ans. (b)
one root is common.
 2  b  1  0

121
 2    b  0

2  1
 
b 1 1 1 1 b
1 b 1 b 1 1

73. Ans. (c)

  b 2  4ac  0 and perfect square there for roots are rational and , a , b, c  Q
74. Ans. (c)

1  3 i 1  3 i
 w,  w2
2 2
w  w 2   1, w 3  1
75. Ans. (a)

a1 x2  bx
1  c1  0 

 Both roots are common
a2x2  b2 x  c2 0 
a1 b c
  1  1
a 2 b 2 c2
76. Ans. (b)

1  3 i 1  3 i
w , w2 
2 2
Sum of roots  w  w 2   1

Products of roots  ww 2  1
Required quadratic equation
x 2 - (Sum of roots) x + Product of roots = 0
77. Ans. (b)
78. Ans. (a)
b c
 :   m : n,     ,  
a a
c
Solving first two equations for ,  and substituting in   
a

122
 Answers

1 b 25 a 49 d 73 c
2 a 26 a 50 b 74 c
3 c 27 a 51 c 75 a
4 a 28 a 52 a 76 b
5 c 29 a 53 d 77 b
6 a 30 c 54 d 78 a
7 a 31 c 55 b
8 c 32 b 56 a
9 a 33 b 57 b
10 b 34 a 58 d
11 a 35 d 59 a
12 b 36 b 60 c
13 a 37 c 61 c
14 c 38 b 62 a
15 b 39 a 63 a
16 b 40 d 64 d
17 b 41 c 65 d
18 b 42 b 66 b
19 a 43 c 67 b
20 a 44 b 68 a
21 a 45 a 69 d
22 a 46 a 70 c
23 b 47 c 71 a
24 a 48 d 72 b



123