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    Formula Sheet PDF

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    Anjuma
    The document defines various vector derivatives - including gradient, divergence, curl, and Laplacian - in Cartesian, spherical, and cylindrical coordinate systems. It also provides vector identities and fundamental theorems relating these derivatives. Key formulas are given for the gradient, divergence, and curl in each coordinate system.

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    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    Formula Sheet PDF

    Uploaded by

    Anjuma
    41 views3 pages
    The document defines various vector derivatives - including gradient, divergence, curl, and Laplacian - in Cartesian, spherical, and cylindrical coordinate systems. It also provides vector identities and fundamental theorems relating these derivatives. Key formulas are given for the gradient, divergence, and curl in each coordinate system.

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    formula_sheet.pdf

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    The document defines various vector derivatives - including gradient, divergence, curl, and Laplacian - in Cartesian, spherical, and cylindrical coordinate systems. It also provides vector identities and fundamental theorems relating these derivatives. Key formulas are given for the gradient, divergence, and curl in each coordinate system.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    41 views3 pages

    Formula Sheet PDF

    Uploaded by

    Anjuma
    The document defines various vector derivatives - including gradient, divergence, curl, and Laplacian - in Cartesian, spherical, and cylindrical coordinate systems. It also provides vector identities and fundamental theorems relating these derivatives. Key formulas are given for the gradient, divergence, and curl in each coordinate system.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    of 3

    VECTOR DERIVATIVES

    Cartesian. dl = d x x̂ + dy ŷ + dz ẑ; dτ = d x d y dz

    ∂t ∂t ∂t
    Gradient : ∇t = x̂ + ŷ + ẑ
    ∂x ∂y ∂z

    ∂vx ∂v y ∂vz
    Divergence : ∇ · v = + +
    ∂x ∂y ∂z
         
    ∂vz ∂v y ∂vx ∂vz ∂v y ∂vx
    Curl : ∇×v = − x̂ + − ŷ + − ẑ
    ∂y ∂z ∂z ∂x ∂x ∂y

    ∂ 2t ∂ 2t ∂ 2t
    Laplacian : ∇ 2t = + +
    ∂x2 ∂ y2 ∂z 2

    Spherical. dl = dr r̂ + r dθ θ̂ + r sin θ dφ φ̂; dτ = r 2 sin θ dr dθ dφ

    ∂t 1 ∂t 1 ∂t
    Gradient : ∇t = r̂ + θ̂ + φ̂
    ∂r r ∂θ r sin θ ∂φ

    1 ∂ 2 1 ∂ 1 ∂vφ
    Divergence : ∇ · v = (r vr ) + (sin θ vθ ) +
    r 2 ∂r r sin θ ∂θ r sin θ ∂φ
     
    1 ∂ ∂vθ
    Curl : ∇×v = (sin θ vφ ) − r̂
    r sin θ ∂θ ∂φ
       
    1 1 ∂vr ∂ 1 ∂ ∂vr
    + − (r vφ ) θ̂ + (r vθ ) − φ̂
    r sin θ ∂φ ∂r r ∂r ∂θ
       
    1 ∂ 2 ∂t 1 ∂ ∂t 1 ∂ 2t
    Laplacian : ∇ t= 2
    2
    r + 2 sin θ +
    r ∂r ∂r r sin θ ∂θ ∂θ r 2 sin2 θ ∂φ 2

    Cylindrical. dl = ds ŝ + s dφ φ̂ + dz ẑ; dτ = s ds dφ dz

    ∂t 1 ∂t ∂t
    Gradient : ∇t = ŝ + φ̂ + ẑ
    ∂s s ∂φ ∂z

    1 ∂ 1 ∂vφ ∂vz
    Divergence : ∇ · v = (svs ) + +
    s ∂s s ∂φ ∂z
         
    1 ∂vz ∂vφ ∂vs ∂vz 1 ∂ ∂vs
    Curl : ∇×v = − ŝ + − φ̂ + (svφ )− ẑ
    s ∂φ ∂z ∂z ∂s s ∂s ∂φ
     
    1 ∂ ∂t 1 ∂ 2t ∂ 2t
    Laplacian : ∇ t=
    2
    s + 2 2+ 2
    s ∂s ∂s s ∂φ ∂z
    VECTOR IDENTITIES

    Triple Products

    (1) A · (B × C) = B · (C × A) = C · (A × B)

    (2) A × (B × C) = B(A · C) − C(A · B)

    Product Rules

    (3) ∇( f g) = f (∇g) + g(∇ f )

    (4) ∇(A · B) = A × (∇ × B) + B × (∇ × A) + (A · ∇)B + (B · ∇)A

    (5) ∇ · ( f A) = f (∇ · A) + A · (∇ f )

    (6) ∇ · (A × B) = B · (∇ × A) − A · (∇ × B)

    (7) ∇ × ( f A) = f (∇ × A) − A × (∇ f )

    (8) ∇ × (A × B) = (B · ∇)A − (A · ∇)B + A(∇ · B) − B(∇ · A)

    Second Derivatives

    (9) ∇ · (∇ × A) = 0

    (10) ∇ × (∇ f ) = 0

    (11) ∇ × (∇ × A) = ∇(∇ · A) − ∇ 2 A

    FUNDAMENTAL THEOREMS

    b
    Gradient Theorem : a (∇ f ) · dl = f (b) − f (a)
     
    Divergence Theorem : (∇ · A) dτ = A · da
     
    Curl Theorem : (∇ × A) · da = A · dl
    FUNDAMENTAL CONSTANTS

    0 = 8.85 × 10−12 C2 /Nm2 (permittivity of free space)

    μ0 = 4π × 10−7 N/A2 (permeability of free space)

    c = 3.00 × 108 m/s (speed of light)

    e = 1.60 × 10−19 C (charge of the electron)

    m = 9.11 × 10−31 kg (mass of the electron)

    SPHERICAL AND CYLINDRICAL COORDINATES


    Spherical ⎧
    ⎧
    ⎨ x = r sin θ cos φ ⎪
    ⎨ x̂ = sin θ cos φ r̂ + cos θ cos φ θ̂ − sin φ φ̂
    y = r sin θ sin φ ŷ = sin θ sin φ r̂ + cos θ sin φ θ̂ + cos φ φ̂
    ⎩ ⎪
    ⎩ ẑ = cos θ r̂ − sin θ θ̂
    z = r cos θ
    ⎧ ⎧
    ⎪
    ⎨ r = x +
    2 y2 + z2  ⎨ r̂ = sin θ cos φ x̂ + sin θ sin φ ŷ + cos θ ẑ
    θ = tan−1 x 2 + y 2 /z θ̂ = cos θ cos φ x̂ + cos θ sin φ ŷ − sin θ ẑ
    ⎪
    ⎩ ⎩
    φ = tan−1 (y/x) φ̂ = − sin φ x̂ + cos φ ŷ

    Cylindrical
    ⎧ ⎧
    ⎨ x = s cos φ ⎨ x̂ = cos φ ŝ − sin φ φ̂
    y = s sin φ ŷ = sin φ ŝ + cos φ φ̂
    ⎩ ⎩
    z =z ẑ = ẑ
    ⎧ ⎧
    ⎨ s = x 2 + y2 ⎨ ŝ = cos φ x̂ + sin φ ŷ
    φ = tan−1 (y/x) φ̂ = − sin φ x̂ + cos φ ŷ
    ⎩ ⎩
    z =z ẑ = ẑ

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