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Chapter 9 Basic Polygons

The document discusses basic polygons and their properties. It defines polygons as closed two-dimensional shapes with straight sides. The key parts of a polygon are its sides, vertices, diagonals, and axes of symmetry. Regular polygons have equal side lengths and interior angles. The document also covers properties of specific polygons like triangles, quadrilaterals, and their interior and exterior angles. Exercises with diagrams are provided to practice calculating unknown angle measures.

Uploaded by

Ju Wen
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
389 views

Chapter 9 Basic Polygons

The document discusses basic polygons and their properties. It defines polygons as closed two-dimensional shapes with straight sides. The key parts of a polygon are its sides, vertices, diagonals, and axes of symmetry. Regular polygons have equal side lengths and interior angles. The document also covers properties of specific polygons like triangles, quadrilaterals, and their interior and exterior angles. Exercises with diagrams are provided to practice calculating unknown angle measures.

Uploaded by

Ju Wen
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Chapter 9: Basic Polygons

9.1 Polygons
Polygons are closed two-dimensional shapes where their sides are made of straight lines.

Not a closed shape

curve

This triangle is considered as a polygon. This is not a polygon. This is not a polygon.
Because all the ends are connected. Because it does not has Because the side is
closed side. not straight.

Types of Polygons

Parts of Polygon

1. Side and Vertex

- Each polygon has sides and vertices.


- Sides are made up of the line segments on the polygon.
- The point in which two sides meet is called a vertex
diagonal
- Number of vertices is always equal to number of sides.

2. Diagonal

- It is the segment that connects two non-consecutive vertices.


𝑛(𝑛−3)
- Number of diagonal can be calculated by using formula, where n is the number of
2
sides.
3. Axis of symmetry

- When the polygon is folded up along the axis of symmetry, sides will be overlapping each
other perfectly.
- In a regular polygon, number of axis of symmetry is equal to number of vertices.
- A regular polygon has sides which are of same length and interior angles.

9.2 Properties of Triangles and the Interior Angles and Exterior Angles of a Triangle

Classify Triangle Based on Sides and Angles

< 90° > 90° = 90°

Exercises Y

94°
1.
V In the diagram, VXZ and WXY are
52° straight lines. Find the values of x.
X x

Z
W
R

2. In the diagram, RQS is a right-angled triangle. PQS is


40°
an isosceles triangle and TSP is a straight line.
Q Find the value of y.

72° y
T S P

3.

P Q R In the diagram, PQR is a straight line. Find the


x 50° value of x.

T S

B
4. In the diagram, ABD is an isosceles triangle and BCD
is an equilateral triangle.
y
Find the value of y.
C
A

D
5. P Q T Diagram shows a pentagon PTURS and
x
82° y given that PT = PU. Find the sum of x
and y.

58°
88°

S 84° U

9.3 Properties of Quadrilaterals and the Interior and Exterior Angles of Quadrilaterals.
Types of Quadrilateral

Exercises

1. Q Find the values of x and y.


R
y
40°

x 108°

P S

P Q
2. In the diagram, PQRS is a square and PQVT is a
parallelogram. PVR is a straight line. Find the
values of x and y.
58° x
y
T V

S R
3. In the diagram, PQRU is a rectangle and RSTU is a
rhombus. SUV is a straight line. Find the values of
Q R x and y.

x
S

P U
y 72°
V
T

B
4. b Given that / BAC = 50°. Find the value of a,
C b and c.
a 30°
A

c
E

D
Summary

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