Experiment No. 1 (PLC Basic Programs)

EXPERIMENT NO.
1 (PLC Basic Programs) Controls Engineering Laboratory
ACTIVITY NO. 1:
Write a ladder program that will individually turn on 3 lamps with 3 different
inputs.
SIMULATED PROGRAM:
I/O ADDRESS USED:
INPUT/ OUTPUT ADDRESS SYMBOL

10.0 Switch 1
10.1 Switch 2
10.2 Switch 3
Q0.0 Lamp 1
Q0.1 Lamp 2
Q0.2 Lamp 3
EXPERIMENT NO. 1 (PLC Basic Programs) Controls Engineering Laboratory
EXPERIMENT OBSERVATIONS:
- In this situation, the current flows continuously only when the

circuits or rungs are linked. They do, however, have independent
current flows since they contain unique rungs As I run the
simulator, the lamps will open if you turned on the switches
individually with other switches and their lamp. Therefore, if they
have distinct rungs that are not connected to one another, lamps or
the output will only be affected if their corresponding input is
turned on.
ACTIVITY NO. 2
Write a ladder program that will turn on the motor output when the START
button is pressed and will remain ON when the START button is not pressed
unless stop button will be pressed.
SIMULATED PROGRAM:
I/O ADDRESS USED:

% 10.0 IN0
% 10.1 IN1
% Q0.0 MO
Question: What happened to the output when you on the start button and off
it again?
- As I start the simulator the IN 1 %10.1 (STOP) was already green it

means it’s running. When I start hitting the 0 (in), all of the
switches are running and already reached the output (motor is
running already). But when I hit again 0 (in) the switch %10.0 is off
but %Q0.0 is still running while the output (motor is still open)/ was
never changed.
ACTIVITY NO. 3
Write a program that will turn on the output when the 3 inputs are
energized.
SIMULATED PROGRAM:
I/O ADDRESS USED:

%I0.0 INPUT_1
%I0.1 INPUT_2
%I0.2 INPUT_3
%Q0.0 OUTPUT_1
Question: When will the output be energized?
- As I start to run the simulator, I’ve observed that if you press one of
those 3 inputs (contacts) the flow will not reach the output. I’ve
noticed that if they are all turned on (the inputs/contacts) the
output will be reached or energized.
ACTIVITY NO. 4
Write a program that will turn on the output when the 1 or more inputs are
energized.
SIMULATED PROGRAM:
I/O ADDRESS USED:

%I0.0 Switch 1
%I0.1 Switch 2
%I0.2 Switch 3
%Q.0 Coil/ Lamp 1
EXPERIMENT OBSERVATIONS (WHEN WILL THE OUTPUT BE ENERGIZED?):
Question: At what input state(s) will the output be off? What other
observations did you noticed?
- What I’ve noticed is when you can activate the output by turning on
any of the inputs since the input is normally open contact therefore
the output will be off when you took off all inputs.
ACTIVITY NO. 5
(Switching Program: Write a program that switches on/off the lamp whether you’re at the
bottom or at the top of the staircase)
SIMULATED PROGRAM:
I/O ADDRESS USED:

I0.0 N.O CONTACT
I0.1 N.O CONTACT
I0.0 N.C CONTACT
I0.1 N.C CONTACT
Q0.0 RUNG COIL
- As I observed, each switch connects to the output (Those switches are at the top
and bottom of the stairs), which may be controlled individually and work
independently. Because of the obvious role of the switches and the scenario
played, each switch control functions independently, and even if a person is on
the first level, they might turn it off from the second floor.
ACTIVITY NO. 6
(Cooling Fan: Write a program that will turn on a motor when the start button is pressed. At
the same instance a timer will start and after 10s a memory bit will start the cooling fan.)
SIMULATED PROGRAM:
I/O ADDRESS USED:

I0.0 START BUTTON
I0.1 STOP BUTTON
M0 START MEMORY
Q0.0 MOTOR
M1 COOLSTART MEMORY
Q0.1 COOLING FAN
- I observed that the latching mechanism is broken when the stop button is
pressed. The system utilized typically closes as a stop button to avoid harmful
circumstances in the case of a breakdown. During the experiment, I was
discovered that pushing the start button triggers the relay. When the start button
is removed, the relay stays energized due to the latch in the ladder rung. When
the main switch (I0.0) is turned on, the motor (Q0.0) and the start memory are
turned on as well, signaling that power is turned on. After a 10-second timer, the
cooling fan and cool start memory begin to operate when I start the simulator
and push the start button. The timer starts when the rung is switched ON. In this
software, the current time value is 10 seconds, which indicates that the Q output
will not activate until the switch start is pushed for 10 seconds. Finally, hitting
the stop button disables the motor in any direction.
ACTIVITY NO. 7
Write a Ladder program that will simulate an automatic door opening system. When a
person is detected, the door will open up to a certain limit. When no one is passing for 10
seconds straight the door will close up to a close state limit.
SIMULATED PROGRAM:
When timer is running:

Timer stops running:
I/O ADDRESS USED:

%I0.0 IN0 START
%I0.1 IN1 STOP
%M0 MEM_0
%I0.2 DETECT SENSOR
%I0.3 OPEN LIMIT SENSOR
%Q0.0 OPEN MOTOR
%TM0 TIMER
%M1 CLOSE DOOR
%I0.4 CLOSE LIMIT SENSOR
%Q0.1 CLOSE MOTOR
- When we run 0 as the simulator starts, it implies that the sequence

is now ready. When we ran 2, we saw that the sensor identified a
human has passed it as an indication, and the input % I0.2 becomes
green. As a result, the door is open in that section. When we run 3,
the timer will now tell the door to close after 10 seconds if the
sensor does not detect any people passing through it. Following the
timer or countdown, the Close door below will become green, and if
you click again 2, it will turn off or motor will be close.

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EXPERIMENT NO.

1 (PLC Basic Programs) Controls Engineering Laboratory

I/O ADDRESS USED:

INPUT/ OUTPUT ADDRESS SYMBOL

- In this situation, the current flows continuously only when the

I/O ADDRESS USED:

INPUT/ OUTPUT ADDRESS SYMBOL

- As I start the simulator the IN 1 %10.1 (STOP) was already green it

I/O ADDRESS USED:

INPUT/ OUTPUT ADDRESS SYMBOL

Question: When will the output be energized?

I/O ADDRESS USED:

INPUT/ OUTPUT ADDRESS SYMBOL

EXPERIMENT OBSERVATIONS (WHEN WILL THE OUTPUT BE ENERGIZED?):

I/O ADDRESS USED:

INPUT/ OUTPUT ADDRESS SYMBOL

I/O ADDRESS USED:

INPUT/ OUTPUT ADDRESS SYMBOL

When timer is running:

Timer stops running:

I/O ADDRESS USED:

INPUT/ OUTPUT ADDRESS SYMBOL

- When we run 0 as the simulator starts, it implies that the sequence

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