Human Acts

Human acts Acts of man
- voluntary actions (the action happens according - involuntary actions (the action goes first before
to his own will and knowledge, thinking permits thinking it, actions without faculty of reason)
him to do the action)
- eating ice crem (you intend to eat chocolate - (breathing, blinking, heartbeats)
flavored ice cream) -you slapped your friend when you see you crush
because of too much romantic excitement but
that is not your intention to slap her
-an act which proceeds from prior knowledge and -result without the intervention of intellect and
free will. free will and as such normally they are beyond
human control.
-actions performed by human beings -actions performed by human beings and animals
-knowledge, freedom, and free-will or -ignorance, fear, emotion/passion (children.
voluntariness (prostitution) Insane, threatened, hypnosis, addiction)
*however, there are some cases that the acts of man is actually a human act (example farting)
Object - commanding someone to burn the hut

Intention- to get revenge
Circumstance-
Effects-
The world around us is a smorgasbord of beliefs, claims, rules and norms about how we should live
and behave. It’s important to tease apart these factors so we can put them in their proper place.
Otherwise, it can be hard to know what to do especially when some of these requirements contradict
others. Let’s talk about three different categories of demands on how we should live: Laws are formal
rules that govern how we behave as members of society. They specify what we must do and more
frequently what we must not do They're upheld and applied by the state and the court system. And
their role is to create a basic, enforceable standard of behaviour. The law has a narrower focus than
either morality or ethics. Laws can be ‘just’ or ‘unjust’ and are subject to ethical assessment. Plus
there are some matters about which the law will be silent but where morality and ethics have a lot to
say. For example, the law is of no use if you’re trying to decide whether to speak up when you hear a
friend make a racist joke. But ideas about what’s good and right will still guide our judgement here.
Morality refers to an informal framework of values, principles, beliefs, customs and ways of living.
Moralities aren’t usually enforced by the State but there are often social pressures to conform to
moral norms. Some people consider themselves to be so strongly bound by certain moral codes that
even to question the moral system would be wrong. Some examples of moralities include:
Christianity, Stoicism, and Buddhism. Each of these provides a set of answers to basic ethical
questions like ‘How should I live?’ and ‘What should I do?’ Many people inherit their morality from
their family, community or culture. It’s rare for someone to ‘shop around’ for the morality that most
closely fits their personal beliefs. What sets morality apart from ethics is that you can apply a morality
as a matter of habit. – Without having to think.You can simply obey, or follow the instructions from
those who claim moral authority within a particular tradition. Maybe a world of habitually virtuous
individuals is better than one where people are habitually vicious. Plus, having a coherent, consistent
account of how to live can be a source of comfort – especially in a complex and uncertain world. But
there is also a risk in living what the greek philosopher Socrates called an unexamined life. If we just
accept a ready-made answer to the question of ‘How we should live?’, we might live our whole lives
under a moral system which if we’d thought about it we would have rejected in part or in full. This is
where ethics comes in. Ethics is a branch of philosophy that aims to answer the basic question, ‘What
should I do?’ It’s a process of reflection in which people’s decisions are shaped by their values,
principles, and purpose rather than unthinking habits or social conventions. Our values, principles,
and purpose are what give us a sense of what’s good, right, and meaningful in our lives. They serve as
a reference point for all the possible courses of action we could choose. On this definition It can be
tempting to see law, morality and ethics as more-or-less the same. We might think that so long as
we’re fulfilling our legal or moral obligations we can consider ourselves ‘ethical’. In reality, there is
more to ethics than morality and law. Ethics requires us to think about issues the law can’t or doesn’t
address. It puts moral systems under the microscope to see if they hold up. In an ideal world, our
ethical beliefs shape the kinds of laws and moral systems a society develops. When our conscious,
reflective, ethical views on what’s good and right change we ought to change the laws to reflect them.
And likewise, our moralities should evolve in response to insights generated from ethical reflection.
But we can only do this if we have a tool kit that keeps open questions to do with what is good and
right. And that tool kit? That’s ethics.
a question I'm often asked is to offer some explanation on the relationship or the difference between
morality and ethics. I would like to add voice to this very topical discussion for the simple reason that
ethics defined ethics understood ethics practiced contains ingredients of morality but in reality stands
out on on itself as ethics morality is the practice of conduct in living found and grounded in cultures,
in norms, in traditions over time morality often does not have a reason or justification. It is the way of
life of a people Morality is that which we inherit from our parents, from family from from
communities which tell us 'dos', that are right, and 'don'ts', that are wrong. Morality contains mores,
what we call Morris, they transmit values quite well but most often morality does not need a
justification for its being we are giving the simple answer this is how it is done in our place and this is
how it must be done. Not so with ethics. Ethics is the discipline in philosophy in scientific thought that
grounds the reason for activity especially of doing the right and avoiding the odd on rational principles
Ethics goes into such questions as what ought I to do why should I do it what is the alternative if I do
not do it and what is the common benefit for a global universal audience or presence or participant in
an action that a human being performs that might impact on the lives of others, but grounded on
rationality So the key difference between ethics and morality is that whereas ethics is doing the ought
because it is ought rightly to do so morality is doing not just the odd but that which has to be done
because we have been taught to do so ethics grounds its arguments on reason morality grounds its
arguments on tradition. Both of them might even contradict because there are moral principles in
areas that are not ethical and there are ethical things but whatever is ethical most normally be moral.
To conclude this presentation therefore I wish to encourage a deeper reflection on the relationship
between ethics and morality to see both of them as useful but to take a very clear distinction in ethics
being an act of the rational human being and morality being an act of the received, of the legacy of
the transmitted knowledge which we get in our lives and societies and customs.
Do good, avoid evil - avoid bullying

Do good, fight evil - do not just avoid bullying but protect the victims by reporting them to the office
so that the evilness will not persist.

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Human acts Acts of man

Object - commanding someone to burn the hut

Do good, avoid evil - avoid bullying

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