ACOUSTICAL MATERIAL

FABRIC WRAPPED PANELS

Acoustical sound panels utilize 6 -7 PCF glass fiber material for maximum absorption. Available as wall
panels, ceiling tiles hanging baffles acoustical clouds and bass traps, with more than 50 standard colours
to choose from, these materials will look as good as they sound.

Ceiling clouds reduce reflected sound in areas such as theatres, restaurants, arenas, shopping malls.
Convention centres recording and broadcast rooms or anywhere absorption is required

CEILING TILES

 In many large halls, ceiling reflectors. Sometimes called clouds, are used to direct sound energy
from the stage to the seating area.
 Both dimensions of a square reflecting panel should be at least five times the wavelength of
the lowest frequency to be reflected
 When ceilings are high, core must be taken to ensure that path length difference between
direct and reflected sound are not too great and particularly should not exceed 20 msee
 In some cases, clouds are made absorptive to avoid the late reflection.

WOOL CARPET

 Carpets multi tasking abilities also mean that it can provide more all round acoustic performance
that other floor coverings.
 Trials under practical conditions have shown that the sound absorbing efficiency of even heavily
worn carpets was reduced by no more that 16% while after shampooing which improves tuft
definition, the reduction was only 10% wool carpet reduce airborne sound, surface noise, noise
transmission.
 Wool carpet provides superior acoustic insulation

BAFFLES AND BANNERS

 Baffles and banners are designed to solve acoustical problems economically in any large cubic
volume space such as arenas, gymnasium, theatres, restaurants, and auditoriums. Baffles are an
economical way to reduce sound pressure levels and lower reverberation times in large spaces.
Banners are suspended from ceiling, bar joints or pre- engineered suspension systems

BARRIERS

Sound barriers materials are used to reduce the transmission of airborne sound.

COMPOSITES

Composites material are manufactured from combination of various materials from open and closed
called from quilted fiberglass and barrier

VIBRATION CONTROL

Vibration control products are used to absorb vibration energy and prevent structural noise
transmission
WALL PANELS

Used to reduce echo and reverberation in applications, small and large. These panels are manufactured
from a rigid high density (6-7 PCF) glass fiber acoustical board and covered with an acoustically
transparent fabric.

FIBER BOARD

Fiber board has been used in the acoustic ceiling panels because of its ability to reflect sounding a
controlled manner. The dark grey colour used on the fiberboard reduces distraction by the ceiling panels
keeping the focus on the stage.

WALL COVERING

Acoustical wall fabric is a dimensional fabric that offers excellent acoustical properties, unmatched fade
resistance and a fire/ smoke retaurdant class A rating. Sound channels is resistant to moisture, mildew
rot, bacteria, and is non allergic.

CEILING

 To avoid potential flutter echo, a smooth ceiling should not be parallel to the floor.
 In many halls, the ceiling geometry itself is designed to direct sound to the rear of the hall, or to
diffuse it throughout the hall.
 Concave surfaces such as domes, barreled ceilings and cylindrical arches should be avoided
because of the undesirable sound foci they create.

WALLS

The panels on the walls around the first three seating rows/ orchestra pit of the auditorium is made of
concrete or plaster of Paris, with a pointed finish plaster. Marble is used for the paneling of the lower
portions of the auditorium are made of concrete with marble inlay. Acrylic banners hung in the ceiling
help to diffuse and reflect sound appropriately into the auditorium. The rear of the stage has diffusive
wooden panels in different shapes.

TEAK TIMBER

Teak timber wood is used in the wall slats as well as in the stage wall and ceiling panel. It is good for
acoustics due to its reflective nature. The timber is treated with a matte vanish. The play with timber
islate gives a neutral for the largely red colour scheme taming it.

CORK FLOORING

Cork flooring has been used because of its durability and its ability to absorb sound. This reduced
ambient noise caused by movement of people with the auditorium. It is also is able to handle the
expected heavy traffic without requiring much maintenance.

WALL PANELS

 The auditorium rear wall should be either flat or convex in shape.

 Where the side walls are non parallel as in the case of a fan shaped hall, the wall may remain
reflective and mat be architecturally finished in any manner required of, sound absorbing
 material is not required from other considerations side walls are parallel they may be left
untreated to a length of about 7.5 m from the proscenium end.

ACOUSTIC CEILING SYSTEM

 Acoustic materials work to control the sound quality in a room by controlling the absorption and
diffusion of the sound waves
 A suspended acoustic ceiling is a perfect example of an opportunity to use acoustic textiles for
broad – frequency sound absorption. The tiles themselves can be made of fiberglass, mineral
fiber, wood, metal

METAL CEILING PANELS

 Concealed suspension system for a cleaned.

 Can be installed in standard 15/16 inch suspension system.
 The panels can be used to create a continuous ceiling look for floating aesthetic when installed
in a ceiling loud.

WOODEN ACOUSTICAL PANELS

The panels consisting of wood over a MDF clipboard or plywood subscrade install into a standard 15/16
inch grid. Mineral fiber acoustics ceiling files are high density boards which are two by two feet tiles in
size, they are made of mineral fiber. Excellent sound absorption quality.

ACOUSTIC PANELING TILES

Reinforced with a plain metallic sheet as the outer covering and plain metal sheet as the inner covering.

POLYURETHANE FOAM

Polyurethane foam has been used in the seats as well as in wall panels at the back of the auditorium. It
has been used because of its ability to absorb sound and prevent echo. The seating is designed to absorb
sound even when the auditorium is not fully occupied. The seats use high density foam because of its
long lasting nature in the heavy traffic area. The wall panels are then covered in dark coloured leather
keeping in mute.
SOUND ABSORBING MATERIALS

1) ACOUSTICAL FOAM PANELS

 Enable to increase thickness quickly by nesting layers.
 Stackable foam – standard patterns include wedge, pyramid, max – wedge for low frequency
absorption, sound cylinders free standing absorbs.
2) White Paintable panels
 It is white acoustical wall panels with a soft textured appearance
 Matched or complemented existing wall colours by applying a light colour of coat of sprayof
coat of spray matte paint.
 It creates unique patter – panel size allows for flexible mounting – panel size = 2’ X 1’, Thickness
– 1 – 1/8”

3) Fabric Wrapped Panels

 6 PCF glass fiber material for maximum absorption
 Available as wall panels, ceiling tiles, hanging baffels, accosted coluds and brass traps, with more
than 50 standards colours to choose from, these materials will look as good as they sound.
 Wall panels: used to reduce echo & reverberating small & large voice.
 Ceiling clouds: reflected sound in areas such as theatres, restaurants areanas, shopping malls,
convention centres, anywhere absorption is required.
4) Wall coverings
 Acoustic wall fabric is a dimensional fabric that has excellent acoustical properties
 Polyster fiber body, high sound absorption.
 Special rubber backing.
5) Ceiling Tiles
 Ceiling tiles are designed to fit into 2’ X 2’ suspended drop tile ceiling grid system.
6) Baffels and Banners
 It is designed to solve acoustical problems economically in any large cubic volume space such as
arenas, gymnasium, theatres, restaurants, and auditorium

Baffels

 Economical way to reduce sound pressure levels & lower reverberation times in large spaces.
 Baffels are easily suspended from existing open truss
 They are designed to hang in a vertical fashion, allowing free flow of air.

Banners

 Speech intelligibility is greatly improved and sound intensity levels can be simultaneously.
 Banners are suspended from ceiling designed to hang in vertical fashion.
7) Fabrics
 Acoustical fabrics are typical used to either absorb sound or as a coved for acoustical panels.
Some fabrics can also be used as speaker grill cloth or a finish on other types of materials.
8) Sound Diffusers
 Reducing the intensity of sound by scattering it over an expanded area.
 Quadra pyramid diffuser
 Generates a uniform polar response over a broad frequency range using a pre –roted pyramidal
patter to create 16 – angles of reflection
Double duty diffuser
 These polycylindrical diffusers do twice the work. They scatter sound and function as a trap.
Pyramid diffusers
 Disperses sound uniformely over a broad frequency range quick solution to reduce flutter echo.
Quadratic Diffuser
 Designed for uniform broadband scattering and reducing HQ reflections
9) Noise Barriers
These materials range from dense material to block the transmission of airborne sound to
devices & compound used to isolate structures from one another and reduce impact noise.

1) Metal ceiling panels

 Concealed suspension system, for a cleaner
 The panels can be used to create a continuous ceiling look or floating aesthetic
2) Wooden Panels
 The panels consisting of wood over an MDF, chip board or plywood .
3) Acoustic Paneling tiles
 Reinforced with a plain metallic sheet as the outer covering and plain metal sheet as the inner
covering
ACOUSTIC

The word acoustic means the science of sound. Word acoustic derived from Greek word akauien,
meaning to hear. Acoustics basically concerns itself with providing proper hearing conditions to normal
people. Acoustics means to prevent the outside sound coming inside and vice versa. It reduce noise level
and secure the desired quiet conditions in interior spaces.

FREQUENCY

Frequency means the number of oscillations that a particle undergoes in 1 second. Frequency range of
20 to 20000 HZ is normal for human ear. A sound comprises various frequencies of low, medium and
high. A scale of sound from low to high frequency is called pitch. The high or low pitch depends on high
or low frequency.

SOUND INSULATION

When sound waves strike a surface either they are reflected or absorbed by it. The surface partially
absorbs sound energy by converting it into heat energy remaining sound energy possess to the other
side of the surface unless stopped by an impermeable barrier. Insulationed surface does not allow and
sound to transmit through it. To keep shutters and door bottoms crack free more core should be taken
for effective insulation.

CARPETS AND FABRICS

Carpets are being use more not only as floor covering but also as wall covering due to their acoustical
value.

1) They absorb air borne noises within the space.

2) They reduce impact noises from above. They eliminate surface noises like stamping and shuffing
of feet clicking of heels, movement of furniture
3) Fibre type has no effect on sound absorption
4) Increase in pile height and pile weight increase absorptive quality in cut pile carpeting.
5) Carpets installed on furred walls are more efficient than the ones directly glued to the walls
6) Rock wool, mineral board, Styrofoam used as filters between furring are more efficient. Carpets
and wall must be flame proof.

ACOUSTICS IN ENCLOSED SPACES

A designer basically involved with Acoustics in enclosed spaces. The propogation and behavior of sound
in an enclosed space. A room is infinity of single source of sound will require the service is a highly
experienced person. The sound in enclosed space. A room is infinity more complex than outdoor and to
keep track of a single source of sound will require the service in an enclosed space propgates a single
sound wave, the sound propagation will happen like this 1) Reflect 2) Absorb 3) Diffuse 4) Disperse 5)
Refract 6) get transmitted) 7) Dissipate

REFERACTION

When sound waves bend or are scattered around an obstacle like a column comer wall or beam it is
termed as refraction. It is observed more in the case of low frequency sounds.
REVERBERATION

Reflection on all the walls of room and come back to a listener, with the reflection the sound will
become weak or die or decay in acoustical terms. The sound that directly to the listener the sound the
reflects everywhere and comes back to listener is reverbant sound.

DIFFERENCE BETWEEN INSULATION AND ABSORPTION

When sound waves strike a surface, either they are reflected or absorbed by it. The surface partially
absorbs sound energy and remaining sound energy passes to the other side of the surface unless
stopped by in impermeable barrier. So a good absorbent surface is also a good transmitter of sound. But
an insulated surface does not allow any sound to transmit through it.

ACOUSTICAL ISOLATION BLANKETS

These blankets are made of wood fibres, glass, fibres, rock wool, hair felt etc and installed on wood or
metal frames. They are used in 25 to 155mm thickness and usually are covered with perforated boards.

REFLECTION

Hard, rigid, and flat surfaces like glass, stone, brick, concrete reflected almost all incident sound waves
striking them, like the light rays. Convex surfaces tend to disperse and concave surface tend to concrete
the reflected sound waves in a room.

NOISE SUPPRESSION AT THE SOURCE

The noise suppression at the source is most economical and best. Footstep noise can be reduced by
using resilient floorings like carpet, rubber tiles, and minor but very irritating noises like coughing,
sneezing during a concrete can be controlled by using a kerchief to muffle the sound at the source.

USE OF SOUND ABSORPTION MATERIAL

1) In areas where low frequency combination of materials offering high absorption at low
frequencies should be employed.
2) In areas where middle and high frequency noise is dominant material of high absorptive in the
middle and high frequency ranges should be employed.
3) In areas where middle frequency range noise is predominant a material of high absorption in
middle frequency range should be employed although same absorption at higher frequencies
should also be advisable.

SLIT RESONATORS

In auditoria, it is not always necessary to use expensive materials. The desired acoustical effective can be
achieved by employing inexpensive isolation blankets along with the room surface.

ABSORPTION

People absorbs a good deal of sound waves hitting soft materials like fabrics. Almost all building and
interior materials like fabrics. Almost all building and interior materials absorb sound to some extent but
for acoustical control of interior. It require high degree material absorption. For acoustical treatment
surface treatments of wall / floors/ ceiling are considered
AUDITORIA

Background music can not be used as a masking effect. It is important that the noise level of
airconditioning and ventilation and other machinery is 5 to 15 dB below the permissible background
noise level. The loudness of speech or music should be provided through proper design and acoustical
materials or sound amplifying system.

TYPE OF SOUND ABSORPTIVE MATERIALS

Sound absorptive treatments may be divided into three basic types

 Porous Absorbents
 Resonant panel or Membrane systems
 Cavity Resonator or Helmholtz systems.

A successful treatment may comprise a single or a combination of two or three types depending on the
situation

ACOUSTICAL PLASTERS AND SPRAYED ON MATERIALS

These finishers are basically meant for noise reduction and especially used for the surface where any
other finish will be impractical like curved surfaces in an auditorium and are applied in semiplastic
consistency with spray gun or by hand toweling. These are more effective in high frequency range, and
are difficult to maintain and redecorate

CAVITY RESONATORS
A cavity resonators is a sound absorbent consisting of an enclosed body of ain confined within inflexible
walls and connected by a narrow opening called the neck to the space around in which the sound waves
are transmitted.
FREQUENCY

It means the number of oscillations that a particle goes through in 1 second. The unit of frequency is
Hertz (HZ). The frequency range of 20 to 2000 HZ is normal for human war. A sound frequencies
comprises of high, medium and low. A scale of sound from low too high is called pitch.

ACOUSTICS IN ENCLOSED AREA

The sound is an enclosed space propagates a single sound wave, the sound propogation will happen like
this 1) reflet, 2) absorbs, 3) diffuse, 4) disperse 5) refract 6) get transmitted 7) dissipate.

ACOUSTICS

It means the science of sound the knowledge of principles would help to make an ordinary space very
peaceful.

The word acoustic derives from the Greek work akouien, meaning to hear. So acoustic basically concerns
itself with providing proper hearing condition.

 To provide outside noise to enter

 To reduce the noise level
 To help achieve desired hearing condition for auditorium or etc.
1) REFLECTION

Hard, rigid, flat surface like stone, brick, concrete surfaces reflect almost all the sound waves.

2) ABSORPTION

Soft porous material like fabric absorb sound waves. For acoustical treatment wall / floors/ ceiling/
upholstery.

3) Diffusion

The sound pressure is equal every where, sound diffusion tappens.

4) REFRACTION

When the sound wave is scattered

5) REFRACTION / REVERBERATION

Reflection on all the walls of room and comes back to the listener, with the reflection the sound will
become weak or die or decay in acoustical terms. The sound that directly to the listener, the sound
reflects every where and romes back to listener.

SOUND INSULATION / ABSORPTION AND

All building materials are sound absorptive to some extent. But this chapter deals with custom or
commercially made absorbent materials. Some sound absorptive materials, under certain
circumstances, are used for sound insulation also.
NOISE CONTROL

The control of noise in any building should start at the design stage itself. Building codes, by – laws
and standards specify noise – control measures, but as we know, they are usually ignored.

NOISE AND NOISE CONTROL

Any sound which is unwanted is noise so what constituents noise is relative. A song which you like
very much is normal circumstances become a noise when you are not in a mood. Objective criteria
comprise i) Loudness ii) Frequency iii) Continuity iv) Time of occurrence & v) Info contents.

AUDITORIA

In auditoria, background music can not be used as a masking effect. It is important that the noise
level of air conditioning and ventilating and other machinery is 5 to 15 dB below the permissible
background noise level. The loudness of speech or music should be provided through proper design
and acoustical materials or sound amplifying system. Elimination of windows helps to reduce the
noise level considerably and it is leasable.

SOUND INSULATION

The basic sound insulation problem in a building is to stop exterior noises coming into it through
fenestration like windows, ventilators, etc. to insulate against this, double – glazed and double
windows.

SOUND INSULATION / ABSORPTION AND ACOUSTOCAL MATERIALS

All building materials are sound absorptive to some extent some sound absorptive materials under
certain circumstances are used for sound insulation also but sound insulation and sound absorption
should not be confused.

DIFFERENCE BETWEEN INSULATION & ABSORPTION

When sound waves strike a surface, either they are reflected or absorbed by it. The surface partially
absorbs sound energy by converting it into heat energy and remaining sound energy passes to other
side.

USES OF SOUND ABSORPTIVE MATERIAL

 In areas where low frequency noise is predominant, a material offering high absorption.
 In areas where middle and high frequencies noise is dominant, like workshop, material
offering high absorptive in the middle.
 In areas where middle frequency range noise is predominant in middle frequency be
employed at higher frequencies.