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    1-Life Processes

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    Tahmeed Ahmed
    This document discusses the key components and structures of cells. It defines the five kingdoms of life as plant, animal, fungi, protoctist, and bacteria. It describes the cytoplasm as the living material within cells, and the nucleus as the largest organelle that controls cell activities and contains genetic material. The cell surface membrane forms a boundary around cells and is partially permeable. The mitochondrion is an organelle that carries out cellular respiration. Plant cells contain a cell wall not found in animal cells, which is made of cellulose and helps the cell maintain its shape. Similarities between plant and animal cells include the presence of a cell membrane and nucleus. Differences are that plant cells contain a cell wall and chloroplasts

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    1-Life Processes

    Uploaded by

    Tahmeed Ahmed
    10 views3 pages
    This document discusses the key components and structures of cells. It defines the five kingdoms of life as plant, animal, fungi, protoctist, and bacteria. It describes the cytoplasm as the living material within cells, and the nucleus as the largest organelle that controls cell activities and contains genetic material. The cell surface membrane forms a boundary around cells and is partially permeable. The mitochondrion is an organelle that carries out cellular respiration. Plant cells contain a cell wall not found in animal cells, which is made of cellulose and helps the cell maintain its shape. Similarities between plant and animal cells include the presence of a cell membrane and nucleus. Differences are that plant cells contain a cell wall and chloroplasts

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    1-Life_Processes

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    This document discusses the key components and structures of cells. It defines the five kingdoms of life as plant, animal, fungi, protoctist, and bacteria. It describes the cytoplasm as the living material within cells, and the nucleus as the largest organelle that controls cell activities and contains genetic material. The cell surface membrane forms a boundary around cells and is partially permeable. The mitochondrion is an organelle that carries out cellular respiration. Plant cells contain a cell wall not found in animal cells, which is made of cellulose and helps the cell maintain its shape. Similarities between plant and animal cells include the presence of a cell membrane and nucleus. Differences are that plant cells contain a cell wall and chloroplasts

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as docx, pdf, or txt
    10 views3 pages

    1-Life Processes

    Uploaded by

    Tahmeed Ahmed
    This document discusses the key components and structures of cells. It defines the five kingdoms of life as plant, animal, fungi, protoctist, and bacteria. It describes the cytoplasm as the living material within cells, and the nucleus as the largest organelle that controls cell activities and contains genetic material. The cell surface membrane forms a boundary around cells and is partially permeable. The mitochondrion is an organelle that carries out cellular respiration. Plant cells contain a cell wall not found in animal cells, which is made of cellulose and helps the cell maintain its shape. Similarities between plant and animal cells include the presence of a cell membrane and nucleus. Differences are that plant cells contain a cell wall and chloroplasts

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    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as docx, pdf, or txt
    of 3

    Pearson Edexcel International GCSE (9-1) Biology

    Life Processes
    Chapter No. 1, Page No. 3

    1. Name the five organisms kingdoms.


    Ans. 1. Plant (Plantae)
    2. Animal (Animalia)
    3. Fungi
    4. Protoctist
    5. Bacteria

    2. What is a cytoplasm?
    Ans. The living material that makes up a cell is called cytoplasm. Its material is
    somewhere between a solid and a liquid. It’s made up of a complex material made
    of many different structures. Most cells have a defined nucleus.

    3. What is a nucleus?
    Ans. The largest organelle in the cell is the nucleus. Nearly all cells have a
    nucleus. It controls the activities of the cell, and contains chromosomes which
    carry the genetic material, or genes.

    4. What is a cell surface membrane?


    Ans. All cells are surrounded by a cell surface membrane. It is a thin layer like a
    ‘skin’ on the surface of the cell. It forms a boundary between the cytoplasm of the
    cell and the outside. However, it isn’t a complete barrier. Some chemicals can
    pass into the cell and others can pass out. The membrane is known as partially
    permeable.

    5. What is the mitochondrion?


    Ans. The mitochondrion is found in the cytoplasm of all living cells. In cells that
    need a lot of energy such as muscle or nerve cells, there are many mitochondria.
    They carry out some of the reactions of respiration releasing energy that the cell
    can use. Most of the energy from respiration is released in the mitochondria.

    6. What is the cell wall?


    Ans. The cell wall is a layer of non-living material that is found outside the cell
    membrane of plant cells. It is made mainly of a carbohydrate called cellulose,
    although other chemicals may be added to the wall in some cells.

    7. Define cellulose.
    Ans. Cellulose is a tough material that helps the cell keep its shape and is one
    reason why the ‘body’ of a plant has a fixed shape.

    8. State the similarities between animal and plant cells.


    Ans.

    Animal Cell Plant Cell

    Have cell membrane. Have cell membrane.

    Have nucleus. Have nucleus.

    Have cytoplasm. Have cytoplasm.

    9. State the differences between animal and plant cells.


    Ans.
    Animal Cell Plant Cell

    Have cell wall. Do not have cell wall.

    Have chloroplast. Do not have chloroplast

    Reserve food is starch. Reserve food is glycogen.

    Have one large vacuole. Have many smaller vacuoles.

    Do not have centrioles. Have centrioles.

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