NEWTON’S LAWS OF MOTION

Prepared by: Lady Sheena O. Detablan

BALANCED FORCES
does not change
Normal Force the position of the
object

Gravitational Force
FORCES ACTING ON THE BALL
FORCES ACTING ON THE BALL

Normal Force

Applied Force

Friction

Gravitational Force
 NOTE:
WILL THE BALL EVER If the object is stationary and the net
force = 0, it will continue remain at rest.
STOP MOVING? If the object is moving at uniform
velocity and the net force = 0, it will
NO continue move at the same velocity.

No air resistance
UNIFORM VELOCITY

Frictionless floor
 CONTACT FORCES
Normal Force - exerted on an object
by any surface with which it is in
contact. The adjective normal means
that the force always acts
perpendicular to the surface of the
contact, no matter what the angle of
that surface.
 CONTACT FORCES
Normal Force - exerted on an object
by any surface with which it is in
contact. The adjective normal means �� = 0
that the force always acts
perpendicular to the surface of the �� = �� − ��
contact, no matter what the angle of
that surface. �� − �� = 0

�� =− ��
 CONTACT FORCES
Friction Force - exerted on an
Applied Force - a contact force
object by a surface acts parallel to
that is applied to an object by
the surface, in the direction that
external means.
opposes sliding.
 CONTACT FORCES
Tension Force - the pulling force Spring Force - a restoring force that
exerted by a stretched rope or tends to retract the spring back to
cord on an object to which it’s its original position.
attached.
 NON-CONTACT FORCES
Gravitational force - is a force of Electromagnetic Force - also called the
attraction that exists between all Lorentz force , explains how both
bodies that have mass. It is a moving and stationary charged
downward force that is equal to the particles interact. It's called the
object’s weight when that object is electromagnetic force because it
resting on a surface. includes the formerly distinct electric
force and the magnetic force.
 FIRST LAW OF MOTION
LAW OF INERTIA
An object at rest will continue to stay at rest and an object in motion will
continue to stay in motion with the same speed and same direction unless
acted upon by an unbalanced force.
Inertia - tendency of a body to keep moving once it
is set in motion; tendency of the body at rest to
remain at rest.

Application: Seatbelt
FIRST LAW OF MOTION
LAW OF INERTIA
 FIRST LAW OF MOTION
LAW OF INERTIA
This law is valid in some frames of reference and not valid in others.
Inertial frame of reference - a frame of reference in which
Newton’s first law is valid
A frame of reference which is at rest or moving with constant velocityis
known as inertial frame of reference. A frame of reference which is not
accelerated.
 FIRST LAW OF MOTION �� = 0
LAW OF INERTIA �� = 0

A man pushes a block of mass 25kgs so that it slides at a constant velocity along
a level floor. Calculate the magnitude of the force if the coefficient of kinetic
friction between the block and the floor is 0.20.

�� = �� − �� �� = �� − ��
0 = �� − �� 0 = �� − ��
�� = �� �� = ��
�� = �� �� = (0.2)(245�)
�� = (25)(9.8) �� = 49�
�� = 245�
 SECOND LAW OF MOTION
LAW OF ACCELERATION
“If a net external force acts on a body, the body accelerates. The
direction of acceleration is the same as the direction of the net force,
The mass of the body times the acceleration vector of the body equals
the net force vector.”

Application: Football
 MASS vs WEIGHT

Mass - characterizes the

�
�=
�
3000�
�=
2.0�/�2
� = 1,500 ��
 THIRD LAW OF MOTION
LAW OF INTERACTION
If body A exerts a force on body B (an “action”), the body B exerts a
force on body A (a “reaction”). These two forces have the same
magnitude but are opposite in direction. These two forces act on
different bodies.

Application: Swimming
 THIRD LAW OF MOTION
LAW OF INTERACTION
A small car (mass = 380kg) is pushing a a large truck (mass = 900kg)
due east on a level road. The car exerts a horizontal force of 1200N
on the truck. What is the magnitude of the force that the truck exerts
on the car?

The force and the reaction force are always exactly the same
in magnitude, so the force that the car exerts on the car is also
1200N on the opposite direction.
WHAT LAW OF MOTION?

LAW OF ACCELERATION
WHAT LAW OF MOTION?

LAW OF INTERACTION
WHAT LAW OF MOTION?

LAW OF INERTIA
 FREE BODY DIAGRAM
Free Body Diagrams (FBD) are useful aids for representing the relative
magnitude and direction of all forces acting upon an object in a given
situation.
Steps on constructing a free-body diagram:
1. Draw the object/s under consideration; it does not have to be artistic.

2. Include all forces that act on the object, representing these forces as vectors.
Consider the types of forces —normal force, friction, tension, and spring
force—as well as weight and applied force.

3. Convert the free-body diagram into a more detailed diagram showing the x–
and y-components of a given force (this is often helpful when solving a problem
using Newton’s first or second law).
4. If there are two or more objects, or bodies, in the problem, draw a separate
free-body diagram for each object.
Constructing a free-body diagram:
A box at rest on a table.
Constructing a free-body diagram:
A box attached to a rope that hangs from the ceiling
Constructing a free-body diagram:
A block is pulled upward using a rope at constant velocity.
Constructing a free-body diagram:
A rightward force is applied to the box in order to move it accross the
table with rightward acceleration. (Ignore air resistance)