QUESTION BANK

CHAPTER 12-ATOMS
SECTION A
Multiple Choice Questions (1 Mark each)

Q.1 In Bohr’s theory of model of hydrogen atom, name the physical quantity which equals to an
integral multiple of h/2π?
(a) Momentum (b) Angular momentum
(c)Angular frequency (d)Angular velocity
Q.2 What is the relation between ‘n’ and radius ‘r’ of the orbit of electron in hydrogen atom
according to Bohr’s theory?
(a) ‘r’ is directly proportional to n (b) ‘r’ is directly proportional to n2
(c) ‘n2’ is directly proportional to r (d) ‘r’ is inversely proportional to n2
Q.3 What is Bohr’s frequency condition?
(a) hv=Ei-Ef (b) hv= Ef -Ei (c) hv=E-Ef (d) h=Ei-Ef
Q.4 Write the expression for Bohr’s radius in hydrogen atom?
(a) r=4ΠE0 x h2 / 4 π2me (b) r=4ΠE0 x h2 / 4 π2me2
(c) r=4ΠE0 x h2 / 4 πme2 (d) ) r=4ΠE0 x h/ 4 π2me2
Q.5 Name the spectral series of hydrogen atom lying in visible region?
(a) Paschen series (b)Pfund series (c)Bracket series (d) Balmer series
Q.6 The total energy of an electron in 1st excited state of hydrogen atom is about -3.4eV.
What is the kinetic energy of electron in this state?
(a) -3.4 eV (b) 3.4 eV (c) 0.34 eV (d) -0.34 eV
Q7. Which of the following spectral series in hydrogen atom gives spectral line of 4860 0A?
(a)Lyman (b) Balmer (c) Paschen (d) Brackett
Q.8 When hydrogen atom is in first excited level, its radius is
(a)same (b) half (c) twice (d) 4 times

Q.9 Rutherford model of atom was unstable because

(a)nuclei will break down (b)electron move in circular orbit

(c)orbiting electrons radiate energy (d) electrons are repelled by the nucleus

373
 Assertion –Reason type questions(1 mark each)

Answer: A Both are correct and reason is correct explanation of assertion.

Answer: B Both are correct but reason is not the correct explanation of assertion.
Answer: C Reason is wrong.
Answer: D Both are wrong.
Q10. Assertion: According to Bohr’s atomic model the ratio of angular momenta of an electron
in first excited state and in ground state is 2:1.
Reason: In a Bohr’s atom the angular momentum of the electron is directly proportional to the
principal quantum number.
Q11. Assertion: The positively charged nucleus of an atom has a radius of almost 10−15m.
Reason: In a-particle scattering experiment, the distance of closest approach for particles is ≃
10−15m.
Q12. Assertion: For the scattering of a-particles at a large angles, only the nucleus of the atom is
responsible.
Reason: Nucleus is very heavy in comparison to α particle.
Q13.Assertion: Bohr had postulated that the electrons in stationary orbits around the nucleus do
not radiate
Reason: According to classical physics all moving electrons radiate.
Q14. Assertion: Atoms are not electrically neutral.
Reason: Number of protons and electrons are different.

Case study based questions (4 marks)

Q 15. BOHR ATOM MODEL

Rutherford gives Rutherford's model of the atom after performing an Alpha particle scattering
experiment.
This model is a modification of the earlier Rutherford Model. According to this model, an atom
consists of a small, positively-charged nucleus and negatively-charged electrons orbiting around
it in an orbital. These orbital can have different sizes, energy, etc. And the energy of the orbit is
also related to its size. The lowest energy is found in the smallest orbit. So if the electron is orbiting
in nth orbit then we will study about its Velocity in nth orbital, Radius of nth orbital, Energy of

374
electron in nth orbit, etc. Energy is also emitted due to the transition of electrons from one orbit to
another orbit. This energy is emitted in the form of photons with different wavelengths. This
wavelength is given by the Rydberg formula. When electrons make transitions between two energy
levels in an atom various spectral lines are obtained. The emission spectrum of the hydrogen atom
has been divided into various spectral series like Lyman series, Balmer series, Paschen series etc.

(I). The formula which gives the wavelength of emitted photon when electron jumps from higher
energy state to lower was given by
(a) Balmer (b) Paschen (c) Lyman (d) Rydberg
(II). What is true about Bohr’s atomic Model?
(a) His model was unique totally different from other
(b) His model is a modification of Rutherford atomic model.
(c) His model is a modification of Thomson atomic model.
(d) None of the above
(III). Bohr’s atomic model is applicable for
(a) All types of atoms (b) Only for hydrogen atom
(c) For hydrogen like atoms (d) For H2 gas.
(IV). The cause of rejection of Rutherford atomic model was
(a) It was totally wrong (b) It could not justify its stability
(c) Rutherford was unable to explain it (d) none of the above.

375
 Short Answer type questions (2 marks each)
Q16.The ground state energy of hydrogen atom is -13.6eV. What is the kinetic energies and
potential Energies of the electron in the ground state and second excited state.
Q17. Define impact parameter. Represent diagrammatically the shape of trajectory of alpha
particles.
Q18. Show graphically the variation of radius of orbit with principal quantum number n.
Q19. The radius of innermost electron orbit of a hydrogen atom is 5.3 × 10-11 m. What is the radius
of orbit in the second excited state?
Q20. Define ionization energy. How would the ionization energy change when electron in
hydrogen atom is replaced by the particle of mass 200 times that of the electron but having the same
charge? [Given Rydberg constant, R = 107 m–1] (2016)
Q21.Write two important limitations of Rutherford nuclear model of the atom. (2017)
Q22. Calculate the de-Broglie wavelength of the electron orbiting in the n = 2 state of hydrogen
atom. (2016)
Q23. Derive an expression for the radius of nth Bohr’s orbit in Hydrogen atom.

Short answer type questions. (3 marks each)

Q24. In a Geiger-Marsden experiment, calculate the distance of the closest approach to the nucleus
of Z= 80, when an α-particle of 8 MeV energy impinges on it before it comes momentarily to rest
and reverses its direction. How will the distance of the closest approach be affected when the
kinetic energy of the a-particle is doubled?
Q25. Derive an expression for the frequency of radiation emitted when a hydrogen atom de-excites
from level n to level (n – 1). Also show that for large values of n, this frequency equals to classical
frequency of revolution of an electron. (CBSE SQP 2020-21)

Long answer type questions. (5 marks each)

Q26. (i) Using Bohr’s postulates, derive an expression for the total energy of the electron in the
stationary states of the hydrogen atom. (CBSE 2013)
(ii) Using Rydberg formula, calculate the wavelengths of the spectral lines of the first member of
the Lyman series and of the Balmer Series.

*******

376
 ANSWERS ( SECTION A )
MCQs - Answers
1.(b) Angular momentum
2. (b)‘r’ is directly proportional to n2
3.(b) hv=Ef-Ei
4. (b) r=4ΠE0 x h2 / 4 π2me2
5. (d) Balmer series
6. (b) kE=-E =-(-3.4)=3.4 eV
7. (b) Balmer
8. (d) 4 times
9. (c)orbiting electrons radiate energy

Assertion and Reason- Answers

10. Correct answer: A
11. Correct Answer: A

12. Correct Answer: A

13. Correct Answer: B

14. correct Answer D

Case Study Based question- Answers

15. (I) (d) Rydberg
(II) (b) His model is a modification of Rutherford atomic model.

(III) (c) For hydrogen like atoms

(IV) (b) It could not justify its stability

Short answer type questions (2M)- Answers

16. KE= 13.6 eV, PE= -27.2eV in the ground state
KE= 1.51 eV, PE = -3.02eV in the second excited state

377
17. Impact parameter perpendicular distance of the velocity vector of a-particle from the central
line of the nucleus of the atom is called impact parameter (b).
for figure refer page no 115

18. Orbital radius is directly proportional to the square of principal quantum number

19. For n=1, r1 = 5.3x 10-11 m for ground state therefore r2 = 4 r1 , and r3= 9r1
r2 = 2.12x10-10m r3= 4.77 x 10 -10 m
λmin =3.646×10−7m=364.6 nm. This wavelength lies in the ultraviolet region

20. Ionization energy: It is the minimum amount of energy required to remove an electron
from the outermost orbit of an atom in its ground state.

𝑚𝑒4
𝐸0 = 8𝗌20ℎ2
i.e., 𝐸0 ∝ 𝑚

Therefore, ionization energy will become 200 times.

21. According to Rutherford’s atomic model, the electron orbiting around the nucleus
continuously radiates energy because of its acceleration due to which the atom will not remain
stable. So, Rutherford could not explain the stability of an atom.
(ii) Since electron spirals inwards, its angular velocity and frequency change continuously,
therefore it will emit a continuous spectrum. Therefore, this model could not explain the
line spectra of hydrogen.
22. Kinetic Energy is given by the formula
𝟏𝟑.𝟔 𝒆𝑽 𝟏𝟑.𝟔 𝒆𝑽 𝟏𝟑.𝟔 𝒆𝑽
𝑬= 𝒏𝟐
= =
𝟐𝟐 𝟒

378
 = 𝟑. 𝟒 × 𝟏. 𝟔 × 𝟏𝟎−𝟏𝟗 𝑱
De Broglie’s wavelength,
𝒉 𝟔. 𝟔𝟑 × 𝟏𝟎−𝟑𝟒
𝝀= = = 𝟎. 𝟎𝟔𝟕 𝒏𝒎
√𝟐𝒎𝑬 √𝟐 × 𝟗. 𝟏 × 𝟏𝟎−𝟑𝟏𝑬

𝟐𝟑. 𝐟𝐫𝐨𝐦 𝐁𝐨𝐡𝐫′𝐬 𝐟𝐢𝐫𝐬𝐭 𝐩𝐨𝐬𝐭𝐮𝐥𝐚𝐭𝐞,

coloumb force F = centripetal force Fcp

𝑍𝑒2 𝑚 𝑣2
∴ 4𝜋𝗌 2
= 𝑒 𝑛
0𝑟 𝑛 𝑟𝑛

𝑣𝑛2 =
𝑍𝑒2 ……………………….(1)
4𝜋𝗌0𝑟𝑛𝑚𝑒

according to Bohr’s second postulate,

𝑚 𝑟 𝑣 = 𝑛ℎ
𝑒 𝑛 𝑛 2𝜋
𝑛2ℎ2
𝑚2𝑟2𝑣2 =
𝑒 𝑛 𝑛 4𝜋2

𝑣𝑛2 =
𝑛2ℎ2 …………………(2)
4𝜋2𝑚2𝑒𝑟2𝑛

iv from equation (1) and (2)

𝑛2ℎ2 𝑍𝑒2
=
4𝜋2𝑚2𝑒𝑟2𝑛 4𝜋𝗌0𝑟𝑛𝑚𝑒

𝑛2ℎ2𝗌0
𝑟𝑛 =
𝜋𝑚𝑒𝑍𝑒2

𝜖0ℎ2
𝑟𝑛 = (𝜋𝑚2𝑧𝑒2 𝑛2)
𝑒

this is the required equation for radius of nth orbit.

Short answer type questions (3M)- Answers

24. At closest approach, all K.E. of 𝛼-particles is completely converted into the P.E. of 𝛼-
particle.
𝐾. 𝐸. = 8𝑀𝑒𝑉 = 8 × 106 × 10−19𝐽̂.
K.E. is converted into P.E.
1 𝑍𝑒2𝑒
. = 12.8 × 10−13
4𝜋𝗌0 𝑟0

379
 80×2×16×10−19
9 × 109 × = 12.8 × 10−13
𝑟0
2
9×109×160×(1.6×10−19)
𝑟0 = (𝑚)
12.8×10−13

9×1.6×1.6×1.6×10−14
𝑟0 = 12.8

= 2.88 × 10−14𝑚.
1 𝑍𝑒2𝑒
As we see that K.E.= .
4𝜋𝗌0 𝑟0
1
𝐻𝑒𝑛𝑐𝑒, 𝐾. 𝐸. ∝
𝑟0

If K.E. become twice, closest approach will be halved.

𝑟0
Hence, 𝑟′ =
0 2

25. from Bohr’s theory frequency of the radiation emitted when an electron de- excites from
level n2
to level n1 is given as
1
2𝜋2𝑚𝑘2𝑧2𝑒4 1 − ]
𝑓= [
ℎ3 𝑛21 𝑛22

Given n1 =n-1, n2 =n
2𝜋2𝑚𝑘2𝑧2𝑒4 2𝑛−1
𝑓= ℎ3 (𝑛−1)2𝑛2

For large n, 2n-1=2n, n-1=n and z=1

4𝜋2𝑚𝑘2𝑒4
Thus, 𝑓 =
𝑛3 ℎ3

Which is same as orbital frequency of electron in nth orbit

𝑉 4𝜋2𝑚𝑘2𝑒4
𝑓 = 2𝜋𝑟 =, 𝑛3 ℎ3

Long answer question (5M) - Answers

𝑛ℎ
26. 𝑚𝑣𝑟 =
2𝜋

𝑚𝑣2 1 𝑒2
=
𝑟 4𝜋𝗌0 𝑟2
𝑒2
𝑟=
4𝜋𝗌0𝑚𝑣2

𝗌𝑜𝑛2ℎ2
𝑟=
𝜋𝑚𝑒2

380
 1 𝑒2
P.E. 𝑈 = − .
4𝜋𝗌0 𝑟

𝑚𝑒4
=
4𝗌0𝑛2ℎ2
1 1 𝑛ℎ 2
K.E. = 𝑚𝑣2 = 𝑚( )
2 2 2𝜋𝑚𝑟

𝑛2ℎ2𝜋2𝑚2𝑒4
=
8𝜋2𝑚𝑒20𝑛4ℎ4

𝑚𝑒4
K.E. =
8𝗌20𝑛2ℎ2

T.E. = K.E. + P.E.

𝑚𝑒4
= −
8𝗌20𝑛2ℎ2

(b) Rydberg formula for first member of Lyman series

1 1 1
=𝑅( − )
𝜆 11 22
4
𝜆= 3𝑅

For first member of Balmer Series

1 1
1 =𝑅( − )
𝜆 22 32
36
𝜆=
5𝑅

***********

381
 SECTION B
Multiple choice questions (1 mark each)

Q.1 Why did Thomson’s atomic model fail?

(a) Thomson’s model failed to explain the scattering of alpha particles through large angles in
Rutherford experiment.
(b) Thomson’s model failed to explain the scattering of alpha particles through small angles in
Rutherford experiment.
(c) Thomson’s model failed to explain the scattering of beta particles through large angles in
Rutherford experiment.
(d) ) Thomson’s model failed to explain the scattering of beta particles through small angles in
Rutherford experiment.
Q.2 How much is the radius of Bohr’s inner most orbit?
(a) r=0.51 0A (b) r=0.35 0A (c) r=0.23 0A (d) r=0.53 0A
Q3. The transition from the state n = 5 to n = 1 in a hydrogen atom results in UV radiation.
Infrared radiation will be obtained in the transition
(a) 2 → 1 (b) 3 → 2 (c) 4 → 3 (d) 6 → 2
Q.4 The energy of hydrogen atom in its ground state is -13.6eV. The energy of level
corresponding to n=5 is
(a)-0.54eV (b)-5.40eV (c)-0.85eV (d)-2.75eV
Q.5 Hydrogen atom are excited from ground state of the principal quantum number 4 then
number of spectral lines observed will be
(a)3 (b)6 (c)5 (d) 2
Q.6 In Bohr model of hydrogen atom which of the following is quantised?
(a) linear velocity of electron (b) angular velocity of electron
(c) linear momentum (d)angular momentum

Assertion –Reason Type Questions (1 mark)

Answer: A Both are correct and reason is correct explanation of assertion.
Answer: B Both are correct but reason is not the correct explanation of assertion.
Answer: C Reason is wrong.

382
Answer: D Both are wrong.
Q7. Assertion: The force of repulsion between atomic nucleus and α-particle varies with distance
according to inverse square law.
Reason: Rutherford did a-particle scattering experiment
Q8. Assertion : Total energy of revolving electron in any stationary orbit is negative.
Reason : Energy is a scalar quantity. It can have positive or negative value.
Q9.Assertion:Balmer series lies in the visible region of electromagnetic spectrum
Reason:1/λ=R(1/22-1/nn), where n=3,4,5…..

Case study based question (5 marks)

Q 10. HYDROGEN EMISSION SPECTRA
Hydrogen spectrum consist of discrete bright lines in dark background is known as Hydrogen
Emission spectrum. There is one more type of Hydrogen spectrum that exist where we get dark
lines on bright background. It is known as absorption spectra.

Balmer found empirical formula by the observation of a small part of the spectrum and it is
represented by 1/λ = R(1/22-1/n2) where n = 3,4,5 …

(I) Number of spectral lines in Hydrogen atom is

(a) 8 (b)6 (c) 15 (d) infinity
(II) Which series of hydrogen spectrum corresponding to ultra violet region
(a) Balmer series (b) Bracket series (c) Paschen series (d)Lymen Series
(III) Which of the following lines of Hydrogen Spectrum belongs to Balmer Series
(a)1025 0A (b) 1218 0A (c)4861 0A (d)18751 0A
(IV) Rydberg Constant is
(a) Universal constant (b) same for same elements
(c) different for different elements (d) none of the above
(V) Hydrogen is excited from ground state to another state with a Principal quantum number equals
to 4. Then the number of spectral lines in emission spectra will be

(a) 3 (b) 5 (c) 6 (d)2

383
 Short Answer type questions (2 marks each)
Q11.Find the ratio of energies of photons produced due to transition of an electron of hydrogen
atom from its (i) second permitted energy level to the first level (ii) the highest permitted energy
level to the first permitted level
Q 12. When an electron in hydrogen atom jumps from the third excited state to the ground state,
how would the de Broglie wavelength associated with the electron change? Justify your answer.
Q.13 Define the distance of closest approach. An α-particle of kinetic energy ‘K’ is bombarded on
a thin gold foil. The distance of the closest approach is ‘r’. What will be the distance of closest
approach for an α- particle of double the kinetic energy?
Q.14 In the ground state of hydrogen atom, its Bohr radius is given as 5.3 × 10–11 m. The atom is
excited such that the radius becomes 21.2 × 10–11 m. Find (i) the value of the principal quantum
number and (ii) the total energy of the atom in this excited state. (2016)
Q.15 The energy levels of a hypothetical atom are given
below. Which of the shown transitions will result in the
emission of photon of wavelength 275 nm? (2016)

Q.16 Show that the radius of the orbit in hydrogen atom varies as n2, where n is the principal
quantum number of the atom. ( CBSE 2015)

Short answer type questions (3 marks each)

Q 17. A monochromatic radiation of wavelength 975 Å excites the hydrogen atom from its ground
state to a higher state. How many different spectral lines are possible in the resulting spectrum?
Which transition corresponds to the longest wavelength amongst them. (CBSE Sample QP
2018)

Long answer type questions (5 marks each)

Q. 18. (i) Draw a schematic arrangement of the Geiger- Marsden experiment and describe it.
(ii) How did the scattering of a-particle by a thin foil of gold provide an important way to
determine an upper limit on the size of the nucleus? Explain briefly.
************

384
 ANSWERS (SECTION B)
ANSWERS OF MCQ(1mark)
1.(a) Thomson’s model failed to explain the scattering of alpha particles through large angles in
Rutherford experiment.
2. (d) r=0.53 0A
3. (c) 4 → 3
4. (a)-0.54eV
5. (b)6
6. (d)angular momentum

Answers of Assertion Reason (1 mark)

7. Correct Answer: B
8. correct Answer B
9. Correct Answer: B

Case Study based question - Answers (5 marks)

10. (I) (d) infinity
(II) (d)Lyman Series
(III) (c)4861 0A
(IV) (a)Universal constant
(V) (c) 6

Short answer type questions (2M)- Answers

11. ΔE= Ei – Ef Ratio=3:4
12. Wave length decreases. P = √2𝑚𝐾𝐸 = h/λ
E is proportional to 1/ λ
13. Distance of closest approach: It is the distance of charged particle from the centre of the
nucleus, at which the whole of the initial kinetic energy of the (far off) charged particle gets
converted into the electric potential energy of the system.

Distance of closest approach (rc) is given by

385
 1 2𝑍𝑒2
𝑟𝑐 = 𝐾
4𝜋𝗌0
𝑟
'K' is doubled and r c becomes
2

14. (i)
𝑟 = 𝑟0𝑛2
21.2 𝑋 10−11 = 5.3 𝑋 10−11 𝑛2
𝑛=2

(ii)
13.6𝑒𝑉
𝐸= − 𝑛2
13.6𝑒𝑉
= − = −3.4𝑒𝑉
22

ℎ𝑐
15. (i) Energy of Photon =
𝜆

6.64×10−34×3×108
= eV
275 × 10−9×1.6×10−18

= 4.5 𝑒𝑉
(ii) The transition is B.

16. 1 𝑒2 𝑚𝑣2
. =
4𝜋𝗌0 𝑟2 𝑟
𝑒2
𝑟=
4𝜋𝗌0𝑚𝑣2
𝑒2
𝑚𝑣2𝑟 = ………….(1)
4𝜋𝗌0

According to the Bohr’s Postulates,

𝑛ℎ
𝑚𝑣𝑟 =
2𝜋
𝑛2ℎ2
𝑚2𝑣2𝑟2 =
4𝜋2

Using the value of mv2r from eqn. (1)

𝑒2 𝑛2ℎ2
𝑚𝑟 =
4𝜋𝗌0 4𝜋2

𝑛2 ℎ 4𝜋𝗌0
𝑟=( )( )
𝑚 2𝜋 𝑒2

386
The above equation show that r is directly proportional to 𝒏𝟐
Short answer type questions (3M)- Answers
17. The corresponding to the given wavelength
12400 12400
𝐸= = = 12.71 𝑒𝑉
𝜆 975

The excited state

𝐸𝑛 − 𝐸1 = 12.71
13.6
− + 13.6 = 12.71
𝑛2

∴ 𝑛 = 3.9 ≈ 4
𝑛(𝑛−1)
𝑡𝑜𝑡𝑎𝑙 𝑛𝑜 𝑜𝑓 𝑠𝑝𝑒𝑐𝑡𝑟𝑎𝑙 𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑒𝑠 𝑒𝑚𝑖𝑡𝑡𝑒𝑑⃗⃗⃗ ∶ =6
2

Longest wavelength will corresponding to the transition n=1 to n=4.

Long answer type questions (5M)- Answers

18. (i) Geiger-Marsden experiment: Alpha particles emitted by a 214𝐵𝑖 radioactive source were
83

collimated into a narrow beam by passing them through lead bricks. The beam was allowed to
fall on a thin foil of gold of thickness 2.1×10-7 m. The scattered alpha particles were observed
through a rotatable detector consisting of zinc sulphide screen and a microscope. The scattered
alpha particles on striking the screen produced brief light flashes or scintillations. These flashes
may be viewed through a microscope.

(NCER

From the experiment, it was observed that only a small fraction of number of α-particles rebound
back. This shows that the number of α-particles undergoing head on collision is very small. The
conclusion is that the entire positive charge of atom is concentrated in a small volume called the
nucleus.

387
(ii) The alpha particles those are incident directly on the gold nucleus, experience a very large
force of repulsion and undergo maximum deflection as observed in the experiment. At the
distance of head on approach, the entire kinetic energy of α-particle is converted into electrostatic
potential energy. This distance of head on approach gives an upper limit of the size of nucleus
(denoted by r0 ) and is given by

1 (𝑍𝑒)(2𝑒)
𝐸𝑘 = .
4𝜋𝜀0 𝑟0
1 (𝑍𝑒)(2𝑒)
𝑟0 = .
4𝜋𝜀0 𝐸𝑘
This is about 10-14 m.

****************

388
 SECTION C
Multiple Choice Questions (1 Mark)

Q.1 What is the ratio of radii of orbits corresponding to 1st excited state and ground state of
hydrogen atm?
(a) 2:1 (b)1:4 (c)4:1 (d)1:2
Q.2 The ratio between Bohr radii is
(a) 1: 2: 3 (b) 2 : 4 : 6 (c) 1 : 4 : 9 (d) 1 : 3 : 5
Q3. An alpha particle of energy 5 Mega eV is scattered through 180 degree by a fixed uranium
nucleus. The distance of closest approach is of the order of
(a)1 0A (b)10-10 cm (c)10-12 cm (d)10-15 cm
Q.4 The total energy of the electron in the ground state of hydrogen atom is -13.6 eV. The kinetic
energy of the electron in the first excited state will be
(a) 1.7 eV (b) 3.4 eV (c) 6.8 eV (d)13.6 eV
Q.5 When an electron jumps from 4th orbit to 2nd orbit,one gets the
(a) second line of paschen series (b) second line of lyman series
(c)second line of balmer series (d) first line of pfund series
Q.6 If P.E and K.E represent potential and kinetic energies of the orbital electron then
(a) K.E=-P.E/2 (b) K.E=-P.E (c) K.E=-2P.E (d) none of the above

Assertion –Reason Type Questions (1 Mark each)

Answer: A Both are correct and reason is correct explanation of assertion.

Answer: B Both are correct but reason is not the correct explanation of assertion.
Answer: C Reason is wrong.
Answer: D Both are wrong.
Q7. Assertion: Electrons in the atom are held due to coulomb forces
Reason: The atom is stable only because the centripetal force due to Coulomb’s law is balanced
by the centrifugal force.
Q8. Assertion: Rydberg’s constant varies with the mass number of given element.

389
Reason: The reduced mass of electron is dependent on the mass of nucleus only.
Q9. Assertion: In Lyman series, the ratio of minimum and maximum wavelength is ¾
Reason: Lyman series constitute spectral lines corresponding to transition from higher energy to
ground state of hydrogen atom.

Case study based question (5 marks)

Q10. ENERGY OF ELECTRON FOR HYDROGEN ATOM
Electrons are revolving around the nucleus in particular stable orbits. The energy of the electron is
increasing as we go from the orbit closer to nucleus to outer side. The ground state energy is the
lowest energy and it is -13.6 eV for hydrogen atom. Thus, the minimum amount of energy required
to remove or free the electron from the ground state is the ionisation energy and it has value +13.6
eV. When electrons jumps from higher energy orbit to lower energy orbit emits energy in the form
of photons which are in the form of spectral lines and called as emission lines. The light emitted
by the ordinary source of light consist of different wavelength. But the laser light is the
monochromatic one which emits light of single wavelength. In case of hydrogen atom, the ground
state energy is that energy state for which n = 1. And the states for which n > 1, all are the excited
states. Where n shows the principal quantum number.

(I) In hydrogen atom, the energy corresponding to principal quantum number n =2 is

(a) -13.6 eV (b) -3.4 Ev (c) +13.6 eV (d) +3.4 eV
(II) For ground state of hydrogen atom the value of principal quantum number is
(a) n = 2 (b) n = 0 (c) n = 1 (d) n = infinity
(III) The minimum energy required to remove the electron from the ground state of the hydrogen
atom is called as
(a) excitation energy (b) ionisation energy
(c) ground state energy (d) excited state energy
(IV) The acronym LASER stands for?
(V) If n = infinity then what is the energy of the state and what does it means?

Short answer type questions (2 marks each)

Q 11. What is the maximum number of spectral lines emitted by a hydrogen atom when it is in the
third excited state? Which one will have lowest wavelength?

390
Q 12. The wavelength of the second line of Balmer series in Hydrogen atom is 4861Angstrom.
Calculate the wave length of the first line.
Q13. Calculate the shortest wavelength in the Balmer series of hydrogen atom. In which region
(infra-red, visible, ultraviolet) of hydrogen spectrum does this wavelength lie?
Q14 The ground state energy of hydrogen atom is – 13.6 eV. If an electron makes a transition from
an energy level – 1.51 eV to – 3.4 eV, calculate the wavelength of the spectral line emitted and the
series of hydrogen spectrum to which it belongs. (CBSE 2017)
Q15 Energy of electron in first excited state in Hydrogen atom is -3.4eV. Find KE and PE of
electron in the ground state. (CBSE SQP 2019-20)

Short answer type questions (3 marks each)

Q16. (i) State Bohr’s quantization condition for defining stationary orbits. How does de-Broglie
hypothesis explain the stationary orbits? (ii) Find the
relation between the three wavelengths 𝜆1, 𝜆2 and 𝜆3
from the energy level diagram shown below.
(2016)

Long answer type questions (5 marks

each)
Q.17 (i) Write two important limitations of Rutherford model which could not explain the observed
features of atomic spectra. How were these explained in Bohr’s model of hydrogen atom ? Use
the Rydberg formula to calculate thewavelength of the Ha line. (Take R = 1.1 × 107 m–1).
(CBSE 2015)

(ii) Using Bohr’s postulates, obtain the expression for the radius of the nth orbit in hydrogen atom.

*********

391
 ANSWERS (SECTION C)
MCQs- Answers (1 mark)
1.(c)Ground state, n=1
Excited state, n=2
r proportional to n2
r2/r1= 22/12
r2/r1=4 =4:1
2. (c) 1:4:9
3. (c)10-12 cm
4. (b) 3.4 eV
5. (c)second line of balmer series
6. (a)K.E=-P.E/2

Assertion Reason - Answers (1 mark)

7. Correct Answer: C
8. Correct Answer: B
9. Correct Answer: B

Case Study based question – Answers (5 marks)

10. (I) b) -3.4 eV
(II) c) n = 1
(III) b) ionisation energy
(IV) The acronym LASER stands for Light Amplification by Stimulated Emission of Radiation.
(V) When the principal quantum number n = infinity then the corresponding state is having energy 0
eV. And this energy of atom is possible only when electron is totally removed from the nucleus and
hence it goes to rest.

Short answer type questions (2M) – Answers

11. third excited state, n2 = 4, and n1 = 3, 2, 1 Hence there are 3 spectral lines.
Greater the energy lower the wavelength
12. For the first line in balmer series

392
λ1=R(1/22−1/32 )=365R
For second balmer line:
4861=R(1/22−1/42 )=163R Divide both equations:
λ=4861×27/20= 6562.35 0A
13. For shortest wavelength in the Balmer series: n1=2 n2=∞
λmin =3.646×10−7m=364.6 nm. This wavelength lies in the ultraviolet region
𝒉𝒄
14. 𝒉𝝂 = = ( 𝑬 𝟐 − 𝑬𝟏 )
𝝀
𝒉𝝂
𝝀=
( 𝑬𝟐 − 𝑬𝟏 )
𝟔.𝟔𝟑×𝟏𝟎−𝟑𝟒 ×𝟑 ×𝟏𝟎𝟖
𝝀=
[−𝟎.𝟖𝟓−(−𝟑.𝟒)]×𝟔 ×𝟏𝟎−𝟏𝟗

𝝀 = 𝟒. 𝟖𝟕 × 𝟏𝟎−𝟕𝒎
This wavelength belongs to Balmer series.
15. Energy of electron in n=2 is 3.4eV
Energy ground state = -13.6eV
K.E. = - T.E.= +13.6eV
𝑥
𝐸𝑛 = 𝑛2

= -13.6eV = 𝑥
22

Energy of ground state x=-13.6eV.

P.E. = 2T.E. = -2 x 13.6 eV = -27.2 eV

Short answer type questions (3M) – Answers

𝑛ℎ
16. (i) 𝐿= i.e. angular momentum and orbiting electron is quantized
2𝜋

According to de-Broglie hypothesis

ℎ
linear momentum, 𝑝=
𝜆

for circular orbit, 𝐿 = 𝑟𝑛𝑝 where 𝑟𝑛 is radius of 𝑛𝑡ℎorbit

𝑟𝑛ℎ
=
𝜆
𝑛ℎ
also 𝐿= 2𝜋

393
 𝑟𝑛 𝑛ℎ
=
𝜆 2𝜋

2𝜋𝑟𝑛 = 𝑛𝜆
∴ circumference of permitted orbits are integral multiples of the wavelength λ
(ii)
𝑐
ℎ
𝐸𝐶 − 𝐸𝐵 = ……(1)
𝜆1
ℎ𝑐
𝐸𝐵 − 𝐸𝐴 = …..(2)
𝜆2
ℎ𝑐
𝐸𝐶 − 𝐸𝐴 = 3
…..(3)

According to equations (1) and (2)

𝐸 − 𝐸 = ℎ𝑐 + ℎ𝑐 ……(4)
𝐶 𝐴 𝜆1 𝜆2

Using equation (3) and (4), we get

ℎ𝑐 ℎ𝑐 ℎ𝑐
= +
𝜆3 𝜆1 𝜆2
1 1 1
= +
𝜆3 𝜆1 𝜆2

Long answer type questions (5M) – Answers

17. (i) Limitations of Rutherford’s atomic model are as follows:
(1) According to Rutherford’s atomic model, the electron orbiting around the nucleus
continuously radiates energy because of its acceleration, due to which the atom will not remain
stable. So, Rutherford could not explain the stability of an atom.
(2) Since electron spirals inwards, its angular velocity and frequency change continuously,
therefore it will emit a continuous spectrum. Therefore, this model could not explain the
line spectra of hydrogen.
According to Bohr’s model of hydrogen atom, Electron in an atom can revolve in certain stable
orbits without emitting the energy. Energy is released or absorbed only when an electron jumps
from one stable orbit to another stable orbit resulting in a discrete spectrum.
1 1 1
=𝑅( ) −
𝜆 21
32
1 1 1
= 1.1 × 107 ( − )
𝜆 4 9

Previous Year CBSE Questions Page 394 of 484

 𝜆 = 656.3 𝑛𝑚
(ii) 𝐅𝐫𝐨𝐦 𝐁𝐨𝐡𝐫′𝐬 𝐟𝐢𝐫𝐬𝐭 𝐩𝐨𝐬𝐭𝐮𝐥𝐚𝐭𝐞,
coloumb force F = centripetal force Fcp
𝑍𝑒2 𝑚 𝑣2
∴ 4𝜋𝗌 2
= 𝑒 𝑛
0𝑟 𝑛 𝑟𝑛

𝑣𝑛2 =
𝑍𝑒2 ……………………….(1)
4𝜋𝗌0𝑟𝑛𝑚𝑒

according to Bohr’s second postulate,

𝑚 𝑟 𝑣 = 𝑛ℎ
𝑒 𝑛 𝑛 2𝜋
𝑛2ℎ2
𝑚2𝑟2𝑣2 =
𝑒 𝑛 𝑛 4𝜋2

𝑣𝑛2 =
𝑛2ℎ2 …………………(2)
4𝜋2𝑚2𝑒𝑟2𝑛

iv from equation (1) and (2)

𝑛2ℎ2 𝑍𝑒2
=
4𝜋2𝑚2𝑒𝑟2𝑛 4𝜋𝗌0𝑟𝑛𝑚𝑒

𝑛2ℎ2𝗌0
𝑟𝑛 =
𝜋𝑚𝑒𝑍𝑒2

𝗌0ℎ2
𝑟𝑛 = (𝜋𝑚2𝑧𝑒2 𝑛2)
𝑒

this is the required equation for radius of nth orbit.

**********

Previous Year CBSE Questions Page 395 of 484